' -WAEN ILD BEASTS 60 BAD FRAINERS DREAD THE DIS- EASE THAT ATTACKS THEM. Ht Comes to a Great Many of the 'Animals After a Few Years in Captivity. What those who have charge of wild animals in captivity, and es- pecially trainers, dread most is that inexplicable change of tempera- ment on the part of the acima) known in the parlance of the men- agerie as going bad, says 2 trainer Pearson's W eekly. Lions are likely to go bad about the tenth year of life; tigers, two a three years earlier. The male er is the dread of the profession : en he reaches this condition, be- cause he is more likely to go intoa frenzy without warning, and, once ne bad, nothing will satisty bim ut murder. He will leap for any man within reach, and when once his teeth are on the bone, nothing but fire will 'make ane relinquish it, and not al- w. 'Pais go: going bad may come in the nature of a sudden attack, or it may develop slowly and be count- eracted if taken in time. An old trainer can usually detect the symp- toms of this curious ailment. It}c seems to be in the nature of a dis- ease, and other animals recognize it and shun the affected one. ** When its progress is apparent the danger is not great; t is re- quired then is a level head, and the wisdom to refrain from further in- terference with the ani Sometimes this bad temper will last but a short time, and again it will become the permanent condi- tion.of the animal. In that case he is sent to the lonely cage to spend the rest of his life in comparative obscurity, disturbed merely by the passing crowd and HIS DAILY MEALS. Let an animal once acquire a love for blood and he is spoiled for the rest of his life. If the killing in- stinct once develops it can rarely be wiped: out. Rajah, atiger which has already killed two men, and severely injur- ed me on more than one occasion, went bad suddenly, and hisitaste for blood having once been aroused, it would have been worse than use- less to attemptto do anything with again, and he is now kept care- fully bg himself. Formerly, he was one of the best trick tigers be- fore the public, but some unknown thing ruffled his nature, he gained & realization of his own brute strength and a taste for blood, and his career asaperformer was over. As a rule a trainer can tell when the critical moment has come in this peculiar phase of going bad. The man who puts hie head in a lion's mouth sooner or later arrives at the point where he feels that to con- tinue would endanger his life. One of my men once had an experience of that kind in England. e had safely accomplished the hazardous feat for several years without any particularly feeling of trepidation. One night he placed his head in the lion's mouth as usual, and was about to draw it out again when he suddenly had a shuddering indefinable realization that the lion's ¢ temper was gone. He knew the danger and prepared for it by bracing all his strength agninst that of THE LION'S JAWS He removed his head élowly, as; usual, for the least hurry might have provoked an attack, but in a second the lion snapped while his face was yet within danger. The tip of his chin was caught an lacerated. This was the conclusion of the act with that lion, and he was relegated to solitude like others troubled with the same complaint. Elephants also go bad, and there fs even more danger with these huge beasts than with lions and tigers; for they may break out and kill and injure a great number of peo- ple, besides causing an immense amount of damage and destroying property. But the most curious thing about wild animals is that, sometimes when they exhibit symptoms of go- ing bad it may forebode some ap- proaching danger, and when the danger is over and past they get all right again. A curious instance of this animal instinct occurred in the winter of 1902-3 at Ocala, Fla. Mme. Planka! taken her lions there to per- form and as soon as they arrived every one noticed that the animals, especially the lions, were restless and uneasy at night, and that they behaved very strangely. It is customary, soon after arriv- ing at a place, to turn the animals out into the etee] arena for ex- ercise, as, of course, it is quite im- possible to give them any exer at all while on a long journey. The moment the lions entered the arena, -instead of stretching them- selves luxuriously and pacing up and --. in their usual manner, a feats sien a pom oma. to und and com- thented to pate y tearing upjeda cise | had been left -to one would walk a few paces, but always with his head bent down and sniffing the ground. When the time for the perior- mance came on their behavior was efill more rele These lanka's favorites and were Mme. as she had ple been very fond of them, and had them in train- ing for several years, she had been Spestoumed $e caress * h the majority of them took this thie te the grave, dignified manner peculiar to lions, one Rg two appeared actually to like her en- dearments, had occasionally -- their huge heads against her a this time they would not let her touch them. Each one let her know that she must keep her dis- tance, dr it would be a serious mat- ter. Neither would, they perform at the accustomed words of com- mand. Indeed, their manner grew so forbidding 'and dangerous that at last she dared not even go near them. That same night Mme. Planka wis saeseney by the watchman calling say that the lions were digging a oe kode in the ground, and that be thought at the rate they were working, they would very soun dig themselves out altogether. All the ass te were called up, the electric lights were turned on, an it was found that the lions had al- ready dug holes deep enough in the earth to Sury themselves. The danger was doubly great be- cause 80 unexpe Hyenas and wolves will dig holes in the ground in this manner, but for lions to d» so is almost unheard of. The lions were with great difficulty taken out of the cage, with evident reluctance on their part, and put once more into their traveling compartments. The ground was securely battened down and covered thickly with fine sand, disinfectant and sawdust. THE FOLLOWING NIGHT the lions were turned into the arena again, but in a very short time they had scratched away the sand and sawdust and dug up the earth, and {pb was only just in time that the lions were once more removed to their traveling cages in gual ly ugly and dangerous m lany solutions were offered by various people---especially those who knew nothing whatever about anim. but no satisfactory one could be found. We thought of the change of climate, of air, scene and food. The lions had grown accus- tomed a of air and climate, and the food was the same kind as they had been accustomed to in captivity. We next thought of the water, but it was pure and , and there seemed to be no accounting for this strange freak on the part of the animals. Had one or two shown this peculiar propensity, we should naturally have concluded that they had gone bad; but as al] were do- ing the same thing, and two were quite young lions, this could not be the case. At last this was mentioned to the ohief of police and one or two old residents and we then discovered that the tent had been pitched dir- ectly over an old graveyard in Ocala, and, although most of the bodies had been removed, there was, of course, every probability that some of the remains were still under the ground. This, of course, solved the mys tery, to our great relief, for, having found out the cause we very soon applied a remedy, and it was not long before we had the tent and the animals removed some dis- tance off. As soon as the animals were removed their savage sulkiness vanished, and they at once eettled down into their old routine, and were as obedient and good-natured as they had ever been. C7 SUFFICIENTLY Mrs. Cameron PERMANENT. was seventy-two years oll but she was so well-er-- served that there seemed no rea- son to think that her days might not be lengthened to reach .he fam- ily standard--over eighty-five. When Her trusty maid of all work fell ill, Mrs. Cameron, saying that she should pension 'the faithful Nancy, set about to obtain another. She advertised for a girl who wish- "permanent place," and offer- The first applicant who aud ed high wages. was oa grim Scotchwoman, looked Mrs. Cameron over, then spoke her mind. "You're well-favored, ma'am," she said, "but you're fair old for a' that, an' I'm lookin' for a pair- manency." "You stay here till after my fun- eral," said Mrs. Cameron, with an appreciative twinkle in her eye, "and see if it hasn't been pretty permanent." "Aweel, I'l] try it," eaid the wo- man, after another survey of her future mistress ; and she held her "pairmanency" for fifteen years, at the end of which time she attended the funeral of her mistress, and after It learned that a goodly sum "my cautious Tina," on the receipt of which she retired from active service. , = The hg og poppde feels a beend- the people who don't n needs a HARTY RULES CH= WHERE FOLLY FLOURISHED AT ONE TIME. Queen Mary of England and Cecilic ef Germany the Friends of Working Girls. Never before has the world seen such @ set of serious queens on the thrones of Europe. Their royal -- seem to be 'sicklied o'er with he pale cast of thought,' and in aes courts to-day good works are 'preferred to fun and folly. That being the case, human interest has now to be sought, not as in times past, in the indiscretions of queens and the frailty of crowned heads in- tent on alleviating of Court beau-' ties, but in the exploits of crowned heads intent on alleviating the suf- ferings of mankind. Possibly it is the modern way of the monarchy to justify its existence before a restive publio opinion. Right in the forefront of philan- thropio endeavor is Queen Eliza- beth of Belgium, who a year or two ago contracted typhoid fever as the price of her devotion to sick visiting among the poor. Much of her soft, blonde hair had to be cut off in consequence of this illness, and the curls she wears al] over her head to cover the deficiency have set the fashion in Belgium for this mode of coiffure. A novel hair decoration, designed by King Albert, has also helped to hide the ravages of fever. It consists of a long bar of dia monds from which drops a net- work of brilliants, with a fine stone forining acentral point, the fringe of jewels falling over the soft curls with euch bewitching effect that every Belgian woman of note has copied the fashion. QUEEN A PHYSICIAN. How closely the Queen of the Bel- gians comes into contact with some of her poor subjects is proved by the following pretty story. Every summer she sends many poor child- ren to the seaside, but always con- trivesto see both the mothers and children herself beforehand. In looking after the sick Eliza- beth of Belgium has an advantage over her sister queens, for she is a physician, and the daughter of a physician. Her father, Duke Carl of Bavaria, was a famous occulist. Two Philanthropies upon which she spends agreat deal of time are the Albert-Elizabeth dispensary for consumptives, and a school of mil- linery and dressmaking for young women in straitened circumstances. As she frequently attends the school to give the scholars practical hints in designing, the girls become particularly well qualified, for she 18 the best gowned queen in the world, and speaks with all the as- srrance of a Worth. Apart from these two picioneni pe charities, the ' 'people's queen,' she is called, is in the habit of de. ing good by stealth, in ways that often elude the newspaper sleuths. In illustration of her thorough methods it is pointed out with pleas- ure that she learned Flemish in order to speak to the poor in their own tongue. But she acts as well as speaks in a language the whole world can understand, as when she took avolin to asick woman fond of music, and played her some sim- ple airs. CARES FOR THE BLIND. Another Elizabeth also lives close to her people, "Guod-bye, Mother Queen, God bless you."' is the part- ing expression which her people send after the Queen of Roumania, when "Carmen Sylva," as she is known to the literary world, takes leaves of them for rest and recrea- tion in a foreign country. Praise her books, and she is bored. But praise the "city of the blind," the Vatre Luminoso she has called into being, and a smile of delight comes to her sensitive lips. The Vatre Luminoso is unique in that it provides not only for the blind, but their relatives wherever feasible are given work in the in- stitution at selected industries. Be- fore the City of the Blind was built. the helpful side of the Queen of Roumania's genius found expres- sion in the installation of a print- ing press for the blind at Buchar- est. Although she specializes in the care of those doomed to live in per- petual darkness, herjsympathies em- brace all forms of suffering and need,, Often she is to be seen in the uniform of a trained nurse, min- istering to the sick. as well as in the guise . meal needle wo- man and gil k-weaver, instructing Roumanian girls in serviceable oc | supations. A HERDOINE QUEEN. Deeds of kindness more heroic in of character stand to the credit Queen Helengof Italy, who, nurtur- ed in the black mountains of Mon te- a ye pe gE tna ane physique ° © European cons Her and courag Roop 4 inlon os Chatel och 2 ere to cate the i rey tie Se sniniatering Grst acd to the The called all her great energies of help- fulness into play, and it was there, while rokios side b by side with ministers, that she caraed the title of "the Angel of Charity,"" a uname she more than lived up to while fighting the ono era in Italy in the early part year. There is another Queen Helen who almost rivals her namesake of Italy in good works. Before her marraiage with Czar Ferdinand of Bulgaria, the present Tzarina was a Princess of Reuss. At Sofia she runs an institution for the blind, and another for deaf mutes, and, like her royal sister of Roumania, she perfonailly attends to the in- mates with motherly solicitude. QUEEN MARY'S KINDNESS. In Britain, where the King is call- ed 'The Fount of Honor,"' the royal consort can as truly be styled "The Fount of Mercy." Queen Mary's part is nothing so easy and picture- sque as merely toe play "Lady Bountiful," although many a check goes from her private purse to de- serving charities. Her principal care is for the wounded on the battlefields of labor, and for the poor work girls of England and their mothers. She wants to help them wage their bat- tle existence, and it is an open secret that while at Carnarvon for the investiture of her son, she in- quired closely into the causes of the abor deadlock in the Welsh coal fields, and definitely made her wish- es known that masters and men should come to a speedy agreement. It is through Lady Bertha Daw- kins, her favorite attendant, that Queen Mary keeps in touch with the two or three hundred working girls who wait every morning in All Hal- low's Church, London wall, for their places of business to open. Their presence in London an hour or so before their work begins is due to the fact that for the sake of economy they travel to the city by the early Workmens' trains. After a short religious service, the girls] G occupy their time in making gar- ments. "Doing the Qneen's sew- ing' it is called, forall the gar- ments they make are put at Queen Mary's disposal. Lady Bertha Dawkins periodically reports on the movement, and often leaves a hand- some check to be used in the girls' interests. ALEXANDRA AND HOSPITALS. Queen Alexandra has naturally been less in the public eye since King Edward's death, and the semi- obscurity into which the has retired now more or lesa hides her bene- factions from the world. Of all the European queens she is perhaps more closely identified with hos- pitals than any, both as a liberal supporter of their funds, and as visitor. On several occasions, in answer to a direct appeal, she has gone direct from her palace to the bedside of a child in a London hos- pital, with flowers and kind words for the little sufferer. All her womanly qualities find simple and direct expression when she is by asick bed. A story is told of her in this connection, relating to an incident during the last year of her husband's reign. Believing in the old adage that charity begins at home, she always visited her ser- vants when they were ill. On one occasion a member of the Windsor Castle household was confined to her bed in a remote and rather in- accessible part of that stately pile. The old physician who attended the patient grumbled at having to climb the steep stair to her room. "You may well complain, doctor,' said the sick woman. "Her Maj- esty, who visits me every day, aays she finds the stair-case very try- ing." Swallowing the implied re- buke, the physician grumbled no more, lest he should incur the dis- pleasure of his royal employer. APPLIED FOR A JOB. Like Queen Mary of England, the Crown Princess Cecilie of Ger- many takes a deep interest in the' welfare of young working girls;-es* pecially in finding jobs for the out- of-works. Happening one day to see the advertisement of a vacancy in a newspaper for a department store girl, she applied in person. "T've seen your advertisement for an assistant," she said to the store- keeper, "and--" "But my poor child,"' "said the storekeeper, touching her shoulder kindly, "You are not strong en- ough for the work. Come again in a month, and then I may be able to consider! your application. If you will tell me your name, J'll make a note of it." " "Cecilie," replied the princess. "What does your husband do!' "At present, nothing," ghe ans- wered 'but later. he'll be Emper- or.' The storekeeper was atupefied, but explanations followed, so ae place was found for the Peinenns? protegee. OTHER PHILANTHROPISTS. ~ Lesser mcr determined to see that they have] plenty of Phslanas food, and effici- ent nursing when i is an art very near to the heart of the Duchess: d'Aoste, sister of the Duc D'Orleans, who has established economic kitchens at Naples and some of the neighbor- ji ing towns. Precept and practice go hand in hand with her, for she herself has cooked in "the kitchens, | f and given lessons in the culinary | fi art. She is renowned as the only woman of royal rank who has punched dough in public. Te OLD COLONIAL COINAGE. Earliest Examples Issued by British Possessions. The coins of the British colonies, 'althought numerous an | forming a highly interesting series, can boast of no great age. The principal rea- son for this is that England's entry into the field of colonial expansion was comparatively a late one. An- other reason was the jealousy of the mother country in matters touching the royal prerogative. One of these matters was the very rigid preserva- ma of the royal monopoly of coin- "Tt is to the purely commercial East India Company that we owe the earliest of our colonial coins," says the Illustrated London News. "These were struck at the Royal Mint in the Tower of London in 1600; the license for their issue was obtained after repeated application to the Privy Council, and even then only by the employment of gross flattery. 'It was pléaded that by permitting the issue of these coins the name o Elizabeth would be hereafter re- spected by the Asiatics, and 'she be known as great a Prince as the King of Spain.' One siae of these coins bore the Tudor badge of a portcullis; by reason of this device they were and are still known as Porteullis Money. It was not till the time of the Merrie Monarch that permission was granted for the es- tablishment of a mint at Bombay. In later times further mints were established in ngal, adras, Ceylon and further India. "Of our African possessions the coins ere few and uninteresting; most of them were struck in Lon- don, and the earliest of them, for Sierra Leone, bears the very re- cent date of 1791. "By far the most interesting of our colonial coins are those of the North American settlements. New England (Massachusetts) heads the roll of these. This State in 1651 is- sued a series of moneys--simple discs of silver of the value of a shilling, oo and three pence stamped with the initials N. E. These were followed, in 1652, b amore regular issue of coins bear- ing the device of an oak or a pine tree. "Maryland must be credited with the only artistic coins of the whole colonial series. They were issued by Cecil, Lord Baltimore, and were possibly struck from dies engraved by the celebrated medallist Thomas Simon. To the time of George I. belongs the first regular colonial coinage, aseries known as the 'Rosa Americana,' and finely pro- duced by William Wood, the victim of the pen of Dean Swift. : "Of Canada the numismatic re- jmains &@reagain of recent date and uninteresting ; the official issue of a State currency commences only after the incoporation in 1867. The various settlements had previously depended upon an ample supply of tokens, many privately issued. 'In the West Indies the absence of an official coinage was met in a peculiar manner. Spanish coins-- 'pieces of eight,--were plentiful. These were pierced or chopped into segments and the pieces were then stamped with a punch bearing the initial letter or the full name of one of the colonies. . "A similar custom obtained in Australia. Here again the Spanish dollar was mutilated and transform- ed into what is known as a 'Holfe)y' dollar. In the golden vs of the '50s the great mining ompanies were forced to the issu- ing of:gold pieces of regular weight and smaller. traders were obliged by their necessities to have. recourse to aplenteous emission of eopper tokens' the majority of which were 'produced in Birmingham."' It takes an optimist to rejoice in the fact that after a woman tires of his kisses he can eat all the onions he wants. ry It is one of the prerogatives of the King to proclaim war against any foreign country at his personal pleasure. One hears a great deal of the country boys who make good in the great cities, but there are a num- ber of others who go there and get less publicity. 'My goodness!" she says, with a pretty ecowl, "I think a girl would feel dreadfully foolish if she *T should youth. |e itles any such _om Cakes and Buns. It th bread of Elisabeee Re out of fashion cult and the bun were ap Besos and ornate state of , says the Queen. Kingly ek royal features were ; pine and not always flatterin impressed upon the emall discs paste and caraway that lay in the windows of the fashionable bup houses. Tales were told upon the delect able area of a sugary cake by means of a firm impression from the pearwood or boxwood die, or romance was carried to the lips on the surface of a cracknel, poesib: telling the story of the famous Bid-' denden mai Stamping and embossing of deli- cate cakes and "jumballs" during: the late Stuart times became & characteristic branch of the pastry Oe cook's profession, while in private J life, at a period when cookery was: considered a lady's most graceful: accomplishment, the country chate-: laine must have despatched many! an order to her agent in town for! a pearwood mould, preferably one depicting the equestrain energies ® of the reigning monarch. With these' the loyal hostess could do herself and her neighbors justice. In Newbery's "Dives Pragmat-' icus," 1563, a rhymed catalogue of the utensils of an Elizabethan: kitchen, we get a long metrical en- umeration of the incised rollers for the paste and various moulds and ornaments. Another old book of favorite dishes, "A Queen's De- light," refers to the moulds as cards. Put your cake between wooden cards and sew the cards to- gl till the cakes are cold. Our- rant breads, very popular through- out the seventeenth century, call- ed forth all the energies of the mould maker; prominent persons and even political -crises left their mark within the hollowed cavern of the die. The favorite material for these old' pastry moulds was undoubtedly pearwood, but there are many made of boxwood still invexistence, and. a set in beech is discovered oc-' casionally. The solidity of the' moulds is a noticeable feature ; fre quently they were more than am inch thick and very heavy, so that their impression on pie and cake must have been an emphatic one. On the other hand the early bis- cuit and household. bun was of equally robust constitution and quite able to hold its own against the assaults of ornamenation. Sometimesthealphabet was stamped on a gske to sweeten the way 'of learnin® for babies. For Easter cakes there were pear-' wood moulds of the Paschal amb | Heart shaped cakes with embossed lovers on them appeared at betrothal; festivals. Hunting scenes were popular throughout the seventeenth} and eighteenth centuries, eleighing| parties p.oved a favorite winter subject, nor were Scripture and mythology overlooked. The vig-} orous moulds depicting Hercules! and the Nemeas monster under! stress of circumstances did im-| partial duty as Samson slaying Me, lion. An old boxwood set of blocks car- ved in intaglio with flowers and) geometrical designs is still in exis-' tence, bearing the arms of Henry de la Poer, the second Marquis of Waterford. They date from the end of the eighteenth century and bear the maker's name Hawkins of Vigo st.eet, London. But itis to the. fascinating days of William and' Mary and Anne that the most in-! teresting specimens of these a moulds belong. se WATCH FOR SPIES, Kaiser's Soldiers and Sailors Re-} ceive Instructions to Beware. The new training handbooks is-, sueff for the German army 4 navy contain a special paragraph: relating to the spy question whi has been to the fore in Germany and England during the last year. The passage reads as follows :-- "The ida that spies appear only: when war is definitely threatened' or declared is a mistaken one. Spies attached to foreign Powers. are at work during times of aga and are to be found especially in) the neighborhood of fortifications. They are usually disguised and do! everything possible to get acquaint ed with our own gol "Often they pretend ri be veter-: ans, with a fine display of medals, ; often journalists anxious to write; articles for the papers, and in es later guise it is not unusual to them trying to obtain photogra; ed one of groups of soldiers, = cn of the fortications, which are ully made to form.the bac seound of the pictures. "Troops shou be on their guard' against the dffer of drinks by suspi«! us looking persons, who . gush opportunities of worming > victetlon of avaluable natu threaten to go the men unless they, keep the interview secred. must report to the auther.; . interview they may ae ie Midaead te allow: by