f / Me . a Sand e C i Oi "Se, Ae me - ; GZ Fa By Agronomist. ' --> f+) This Department Is for the use of our farm readers who want the advice . an expert on any question regarding soil, seed, crops, etc. If your question 5 of sufficient general interest, It will be answered through this column. ea tamped and addressed envelope is enclosed with your letter, a com answer will be mailed to you. Address Agronomist, care of Wilson Publishing ©, Ltd., 73 Adelaide St. W., Toronto. Growing Beans and Parsnips. to the plants. Work them when the Nothing is to be gained by planting | crust forms after rains, and at all the bush beans outdoors too early, times when necessary to keep down as they aré very tender and one light | the weeds. frost may either kill or retard cored Parsnip a Valuable Food more than a week or more's later; Aga solid dinner vegetable the planting. Of course, if you are equip-| parsnip is welcomed on the tables of ped to cover or otherwise protect! the rich and poor alike. Boiled them and are sure to attend to it, you | with meat it makes'a whole meal, and can get an earlier crop by taking it is just as much relished when cook- some risk. But, in any case, it will eq in any of the many ways in not be wise to plant until the ground i which it can be served. is warm and the weather somewhat It is the sugar corttent which makes settled, as beans planted in cold or} the parsnip so valuable as a food. It Soggy soil are likely to rot in the] js heavy with sugar, and it is to get ground. : ; into it so much of this, valuable quality The Various Varieties that we give it the very best soil and Beans naturally divide themselves | cultivation. in the following classes: The dwarf A great deal of the value of the green and yellowpodded, the dwarf parsnip also lies in its good keeping shell beans, which are matured, and /| qualities. It may be taken up in the 1 ! painstaking] amount of foodstuffs she should oe d they should 'given some grain a | in milk, in- i¢ grain gradually to two day in addition to am ! fer a g | Have you ever noticed how hard at. : mixture for grain feed is work children seem ts of corn chop, one part of are of wheat bran. way men and women do who are being | transform themselves instantly into E The play of children and the recrea- silage tion of grown-ups are absolutely dif- MOTHER: WISDOM 'Some of the Reasons Why Our Children Ought to Play By Helen Johnson Keyes that was slow, hesitating, undecided? Not often, I thi:.k, for play is born of thoughts that are winged and which to be when they | Playing? They do not act in*the| used at a concert or a social, | acts. From the infantile game of puss jin the corner right through high- | school sports a good judgment put in- ent the one from the other. They | to swift execution is what wins. pe Pek 'ee and Ale: go heifers should be bred so as to are not entered into from the same | it not so in life, also? that, as in' the eu Ue on ae ae ee pee cot to aed motives or followed in the same <i (3) The Power to Cou:.: nse- at, ma-! months nding upon e i Pro ter chines, production is simply a matter! 7 th of e siierat If ae ene oo fat 4 Cant p ably too often fortes of now Sie raw material can be turned in a given time into finj product. i -- It is, of course, unjust to the cow to call her a machine, Machines: do not possess nerves, whereas a cow has an intricate system of them. the relation between this system ard the milk pail is so intimate that any condition which affects the cow's nery- ous system reacts at once upon the milk-producing system, An undue disturbance of normal, tranquil con- ditions diverts the blood supply from he milk glands and the cow either "holds up her milk" or gives a lessen- ed quantity. It fs mot without rea- bred so as their growth is apt to be injured. ed for some fine beef cows what re} And} paid for this class of beef in Western fu Canada $9.45 per hundred. tions of shipping. Donald Smith of Red Deer receiy- ported to be tle highest price ever, bacon is so much desired for ship-' son why the period of childhood is so ; mu j is + 0) Like produces like, and to get good the v- purpose of nature in making him play! that we should. is is to educate him. " ! This difference is so important and ndamental that every mother ought j to realize it and have it constantly in nce about .as much sults of their deeds. Often it is even the | necessary to their survival or health But in play they 'must meet squarely the consequences | of what they do. The lesson is some- times painful, sometimes joyful but it is always plain and un- disguised: "You did that, there fore you get this." Must not the realization of this truth educate young people away from those happy- go-lucky, careless deeds, violations of ch longer in human beings than it|natural and moral laws, which usual- in animals--who attain almost at/ly bring with them a trail of ill health, intelligence as | failure and misery? y ever have--is in order that they! (4) Courage. Very young children but A child educates himself deeply, believes that one 5 beans shelled out for winter use; the tall, or pole, green and yellow podded, and the tall shell beans for winter. Few persons grow any of the shell beans in small home gardens, and we will not further consider them 'here. For beans the soil should be rich and mellow. To get them tender at picking time they should have quick and continuous growth, and this is best assured when they are planted in a warm, rich, porous soil, well- drained and given plenty of water. ) Wéal-rotted manure, dug into the \trénch, is best; and the soil should be made fine with the shovel when dig- ging and finished with the rake. Beans are planted in two general ways: In hills and in furrows or drills. Cleaner cultivation can be given by the hill system, but more can be grown in the same space of garden by the drill plan. By the hill system you can hoe all around them, but when. planted in drills, if you have many weeds, it will require hand-weeding along the rows where the hoe cannot reach. As some beans, for different rea- sons, do not germinate, it will pay to plant them rather thickly, and thin out in the drills to four inches apart. Make the drills as far apart as may be convenient. If to be worked en- tirely with the hoe, eighteen inches apart will do; if to be worked with the wheel cultivator, make them two feet apart between the drills, B99 AAT nm asad ne ape = BCE ------"planting, drop four to.six beans to a hill, making the hills a foot apart. When fully up, thin out to three or four to a hill. Beans require frequent cultivation, always drawing the soil up around the plants. If the wheel cultivator is used it will be well to go over them with the hoe to get the soil well up | fall and stored in pits, or cool cellars in sand, or it can be allowed to re- ;Main in the open ground over winter, which will improve its flavor and make a good vegetable for use in the early spring when such are scarce. s they are an all-season vege- table, they can be planted eighteen inches apart, and the space between interzropped with radishes, lettuce and other smaller veetablges. , Best results will be obtained by dig- ging into the soil as much well-rotted manure as it will take, using it in the! trench in preference to spreading it | on top. Asis the case with all) arge-growing root crops, the soil should be made porous and mellow, so that the roots can grow and expand easily. Parsnip seed is of rather easy ger- mination, on which account it should not be covered more than a half inch with fine soil. A gentle wetting down of the drills will pack the soil | and the seeds gtogether sufficiently that compacting with the foot. will not be necessary. Requires Much Water When the young plants are two inches high they should be thinned out to three inches apart. Early small-growing parsnips which are pulled out for bunching can be left stand at three inches apart, but if you plant the long winter varieties, they should be thinned out to six inches a as their foliage distance. The largest varieties had better be thinned out to eight inches. Parsnips, like all root crops con- taining large quantities of gugar, re- quire a great amount of water, and it shoulc be given them regularly; but be sure that the ground they are growing in is well drained so that it does not get boggy. ~ INTERNATIONAL LESSON MARCH 10. Lesson X.--Jesus Restoring Life and Health--Mark 5. 21-23, 35-43. Golden Text, Matt. 8. 17. : er Verse 21--We do not know where ha landed, probably at Capernaum, which lay in a north-westerly direc- tion from the country of the Gera- senes, about an eight-mile sail. A great multitude was gathered unto him--We read between the lines that his recent mighty works in Caper- naum and vicinity had immensely aug- mented his fame, so that immediately upon his landing the crowd of suffer- ers surged about him in increasing numbers. 22. One of the rulers of the syna- gogue, Jairus-- synagogue, or local church of the Jews, was found in every town. Its services were very simple. A "ruler" was one of the chief men having direction of its affairs. In Capernaum was a notable synagogue, built, minded Roman centurion. On the pre- ruins of a s and hearing While the Jewish leader might have hesitated to indorse great Teacher, the possibility of help or his sick daughter impelled him as a last resort to appeal to Jesus. case is one so clearly fixed in the mind of the writer that his v Jairus, is given. name 23. Beseecheth him much--A word implying the most urgent entreaty for the life of his child. The expression "at the point of death" is to rea literally, "has finally," that is, h come to the last of life and is Verse 24 tells how Jesus' compas- sionate heart responded to the trou- bled heart of the appealing father. ALIVNY Shur-Gain x Fertilize | Verses 25 to 84 relate the episode Mark, and "| 40. 0 | Falleth at his feet --The Oriental attitude of the sup- = as ust of the healing of the afflicted woman who touched the hem of the Saviour's | garmen i 35. Thy daughter is dead: why troublest thou the Teacher any furth-| | er?--The announcement was seeming- |ly an unfeeling ecgony 2 of the sad; ; news to the father and is simply the| conclusion of the people that it was no} use to take the Masters time for a' case already beyond earthly skill. | Jesus not heeding the word--Literal-| ly, "overhearing the word," which was not addressed to him, but to the fath-| Fear not, only believe--Jesus | | 36. aid no attention to the interruption, ut did notice the effect of the an-! nouncement upon the father. whom/ he now seeks to comfort. 87, Suffered no man to follow, save Peter, and James, and John--The trio| of disciples most responsive to him and nearest his heart. | picture ief, which grows more in-| e time of the funeral, when the air i tense at hired mourners rend their ululations. i 89. The child is not dead, but sleepeth--This is the only account of: the raising of the dead given by all of e Synoptic Gospels--Matthew, uke. _ They laughed him to scorn--| Those who were mourning quickly turned to derision upon his command Put them all forth--He curious and unsym-! 'pathetic hired mourners at such a! sacred moment. Taketh the father, | y} ° ces | | where is given the very languare used | 'by Jesus. The phrase means, Damsel, arise. 42. Straightway the damsel rose! and walked--The single word | "arise" was enough. For she was! twelve years old--This is an explana-| tion of her walking. ey were} amazed with a son that Swiss peasants sing or yodel softly to their cows at milking time, crops without planting good seed is shall have a long educational course |whimper over the bumps they get in next to impossible. | of play tasprepare them for the very} play, quarrel over their bad luck in | great dif les GOOD HEALTH By Andrew F, Dr. Currler will answer all signed letters pertaining to Health. ; ir be ainered thteugh these columns; | March in the ranks of success, unable; the laws of the game and the decisions Question is of general interest it If ot it will be answered personally, clos DOr. Currler will not Address West, Toronto. Blood Pressure. . . Blood pressure is an important sub- ject, insurance companies lay stress upon it and doctors who keep abreast of the progress of the times find it necessary to be skillful in determin- ing it. It means the degree of force which the blood current in the arteries ex- erts against their wall under the in- fluence of the contractile force of the eart muscle. It is measured by the height of a column of mercury in a capillary tube. It should be remembered that the heart is a pump and the arteries a series of elastic tubes proceeding from a great trunk vessel attached to the heart, and dividing and sub-dividing until every portion of the body has been traversed by i Any artery can be used to deter- mine the blood pressure, if the system is in good working order, but one of MOUCT: i Se CODVS. a! artery near the surface, which can easily be got at. The arteries of the. body are sub- ject to disease like dny other tissue or organ ang such disease is often an important symptom of Slisease else- where. J Changes in the structure of the art- eries may take place at any time, but there are certain changes which ord- inarily occur in them after middle life and ip old age which are character- istic, so that we are accustomed to say that a person is as old as his arteries. 4 Hardening or arterio-sclerosis -is a change which occurs naturally, in the arteries during old age. This means that the connective tis- sue which holds together: the cells composing the arterial wall, is in- creased, making them more or less rigid and inelastic instead of resili- ent as they are in early life, Sometimes during old age the art- eries absorb salts of lime "from the blood, and may become brittle like pipe-stems, and they are apt to snap if subjected to unusual strain or pressure. They may also be softened by a pro- cess which is known as atheroma and this also makes: them very susceptible to rupture or breaking. If rupture should occur in arteries prescribe for individual cases or Dr. Andrew F. Currier, care of Wilson Publishing Co., 73 Adelaide St | which the world makes upon us. if we do not give our youngsters op-/is reached, however, no more of that portunities to play, we are making cowardly or boastful manner is toler- cripples of them, sending them out!ated. The youngsters have learned, into manhood and womanhood lame, | through playing, to take the bumps If your ; blind and deaf as it were, unable to'and blows in silence and to abide by of adult human life.' games and brag of their successes. We parents must realize, then, that By the time the fourth or fifth grade Currier, M. D. If stamped, addressed envelope is en- j to see life and people as they truly | of the umpire. make diagnoses. | are or to understand the demands | They began in the days of their lit- jtle childhood as soreheads but play ! has made them honorable sportsmen. which play teaches | Did you ever see success come to a | What are some of the lessons, valu- like those of the brain we have the' able in after life, 'Tt is desirable to choose an condition known as apoplexy which! to children? is almost always serious and very frequently fatal. All this shows the necessity of keep- they become unusually hard or un- usually soft the condition becomes one which is dangerous. It is therefore easy to see how desirable it is to determine the blood- pressure from time to time and find out the condition of the arterial wall. e form of instrument measures this pressure, as I have already stat- ed, by the height to which a column f mercury is raised in a capil tube and another by the registry of an indicator upon a circular dial plate as the result of pressure upon a spring, 2 power and the column of mercury is therefore more accurate and reliable. certain number on the scale of pressure as the ventriclé'of*the*h eontracts and sends out the column of blood into the arteries. This is the maximum and is. ob- tained when the pressure of the di- lated rubber bag, which is.a part of the instrument, over the artery at the elbow which is chosen for the meas- urement, obliterates the flow of the blood current within it. The minimum is indicated on the register when the pressure of the rub- ber bag is released and the current again flows within it as indicated by the return of the pulse at the wrist. The differential between the maxi- mum and the minimum is known as the pulse pressure. QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS. O. A, L.:--Kindly tell me whether the use of sodium phosphates, calcium chloride, and compound syrup of the phosphates, will lead to kidney dis- ease--particularly to ston: in the kidney. Answer--I do not think that the the use of the medicines you men- tion; but do you think it desirable to take such a quantity of medicines? Of course I do not know whether you are taking it under the advice of a physician, or not; but if you were under my care, I should not think it advisable to dose you with so many medicines. _ UNNY FOLD UPS CUT OUT AND FOLD ON DOTTED LINES TELE at sitt Whe | ? Willie longed for papa's hat, sf Despite his a years but these springs vary in their re-|h disease you refer to can result from) ,45 -| cent. by weight. (1) Justice. When tots begin to play together each one seeks to grab for |himself the most attractive toys. ing track of the arteries for when, Gradually, however, the necessity of cause, to lose cheerfully sharing is impressed upon the little brains. By and by the age of games comes and then this lesson is repeat- ed. ball, football, basketball, are into which™ teach, with a power. which no sermon can ever attain, the lesson of fair play and co- operative action. at an example there is in the incident of the tennis lary | player-who had an opportunity to win j the national championship by a fluke , his opponent made but who, instead, tintentionally made 'himself on the next ball so as to win-- if win he could--by his own skill and not on his .opponent's misfortune. Would you not trust that man's fair and of winning fairly and squarely in all the relations of life or not at all. (2) The Powex to Decide Wisely and Act Quickly. Did you ever see play Finally, those great sports, base- | en- | 1 the same fluke! dre grown-up sorehead? I never have. The spirit which wins in life is the spirit of sportemanship--courage to 'get hurt, if necessary, for a good and to win without bragging. The child who does not play may learn this lesson , too late to take his place honorably when he plays in the great game of ife. The country offers every opportun- ity for play and sport but farming is a difficult and anxious business an 'too often those who are engaged in it, laboring ceaselessly for those im- mediate results on which their living depends, forget the educational value of free play and team sports to chil- n, giving them longer and harder The play in 'any business deal? No tat ae oe more complicat- * 5 think, would be eq d dem w life makes upon us iGee.but..through play. 1 tho , ; and only thus--he will acq that) ean i ease, desire to give every man his due more as community life nd. vances to greater and greater perfec- tion on our farms. Play will teach teamwork--the great principle of our new rural life. The feed a colt gets the first eigh- teen months, and especially the first winter, determines to a great extent the size of the colt at maturity. The size of a horse determines its value very largely. Good breeding gives wonderful possibilities, but it takes feeding if these possibilities are to be fully realized. The best-bred colt will be no better than a scrub if it is fed upon a starvation ration. A draft colt makes one half of its tance of a The colt should be taught to eat grain before it is weaned, and after being weaned should be allowed a liberal ration of alfalfa or clover hay with other available roughage, such as corn fodder, kafir butts, cane hay, and straw. The colt should be fed sufficient grain to keep it in good growing and thrifty condition. If the colt is fed properly, one should never be able to see its ribs. A ration of from six to eight pounds a day should be fed for each 1,000 pounds of live weight. Oats is an excellent feed, but at the present price is so high it is not practical. good substitute is corn 70 per cent., bran 20 per cent., and oil meal 5 per Colts should have access to a pasture or a large lot so as to have plenty of exercise. A collar should be fitted to the horse, and not the horse tu the gol- lar. The coliar that is too large should not be used on a horse in the hope that he will grow large enough zo it will eventually fit. A éollar that fits pin the fall When one is fitting a horse with a , the animal should be standing in a natural position on level ground, with his head held at the height main- tained while at work. The collar, when buckled, should fit snugly to the side of the neck, and its face should follow closely and be in even contact with the surface of the shoulders from the top of the withers to the region of his throat. At the throat there should be enough room for a man's hand to ue inserted inside fhe collar. The style of horse collars are creat- ed mostly by the use of different kinds of -materials in their construction. Such matcrials as heavy duck, ticking, and leather are used either alone or in various combinations. --All-metal tention to details. The child's im-- ri But when he put it on--Alas! er ip much pi -- bought, but are i need was not overlooked. It covere ears. t mn, aa < : @ * eo oe Paes ieee j = ih, F a ri well in the spring may not fit at all' More pigs are ruined at weaning time than at any other stage of their existence. They should have ac- cess to corn and other grain* when they are with their mother, so that they will know how to eat and. will not miss the milk. Skim milk or buttermilk is desirable feed for pigs at weaning time. milk should be fed in the same condi- tion at all times--either sweet or sour--otherwise the digestive system will be impaired. Usually the pigs are large and thrifty enough to wean at the age of six to eight weeks. ey should have access to green forage, such as alfalfa, rape, clover, or sorghum, at all times. e feeding trough should always be kept clean, feverish conditions and will stunt the growth of the pigs. SS Machinery for Bean-Ralsing. Beans may be expected to do well on any well-drained soil, but they seem A} to prefer a sandy or gravelly loam of fair fertility. Too rich a soil will favor the growth of too much vine and the beans will not ripen uniformly. The seed is usually planted with a grain drill, but when the crop is to be grown in hills it is best to use a corn planter equipped with a bean plate. A shovel cultivator is needed for the three or four cultivations the crop re- quires. For harvesting ae 4 are sev- eral. kinds-of machinery, which a special bean harvester is best, though a mower equipped with a bunching at- tachment may also be used. The only satisfactory method of threshing bean crops of considerable size is a bean thresher, which may also be used for peas. They are made in various sizes some of which may bé operated with two men and a small gas engine. Such a thresher will thresh from about eight to twelve bushels of beans an hour, depending on the amount of vines. / -- 4 ---- "The blue of Heaven is larger than the cloud."--Elizabeth Barrett Brown- ting. FERTILIZER PAYS Better than ever. 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