Bo’ save money may require oy, sacrifice, but 1f a stated audi is placed : pte at regular intervals, your mney, with the interest it earns soon - me. Savings Ba you ‘imal Siataet| Whesnss. Sa seed Humans, ptr gees | SOME PORTS ON CAUSE AND __ PREVENTION : ~ Communicable bu fe is Came of ‘Losses. (Contriogtad by Ontativ Department of i Agriculture, 5 ture, Turonta.) © ‘2 Hea ‘results sc et : wy hog oe feedexe claim that they. feeding sear Re-cle is | "We have them in stock, ‘exceptional . good sprinkling of flax. Compare with an extra large percentage of wheat and a w Our Quality and get Our Price. Ny grows ou experieger. the joy of accom- need deriretormation -intar an Sea I A. at ‘We'hear so much about the dan- | Our stock of all,lines of Flour and Feeds is | lishment e patel sheng Ser Beeee that ‘he 8 Sant iraine trained boy of ‘to ae ‘$ fenate esha aah po mie the hu a bovine ‘or complete at very reasonable prices. Siena w t ma 2 n Bet 5 5 : ae _ [ey ml be the influential and s6-)ma, Bouinie entertained Sp peared ate meee LET US SUPPLY YOUR W to his country: r ‘freshing to tha: t one the 0. IM PERIAL | BANK remanent appoinimens—_| fUNE 19 Sao that one ‘pe. L. PFEFFER MILLING C ANTED IN LISTOWEL tr alt gy ary Halliday, ee et a uberculosis is’ not.con- More hore to carry on the CREM. Listow a ae Re been on the} sidered to be dangerous to the health 4 M. R-HAY LISTOWEL BRAN BRANCH, program, and mo on | oceasiona sehools,| of the human, In so me ms ‘ is Chopping Promptly fy ad “Bucceestally one. ie y ve SR oo a ae . Manager. the Pata oF leadership of of hea be aya: | pointaet aecetved b or bermaseat 8D-| known at present the only two mam ve n PR igi work an of peor ent as city teacher. f z, ee “esto provide tasks for boys; eve ; a cldna tuberculosis affects o = fle boy: will respond to a worthwhile d Funeral of Sister— are the rabbit and the mouse. - So ee, pea eathority __betore “bel sake. poset Mra. David Sanderson were! why worry about eating a chicken ' x ear rut oe ends 3d lone “4 o - No one starting out in life ever ex-|in’ Bright om Wednesday,~ attending} that is mildly tubercular or using the P but the good sport will not change) Dect to fall. Youth is always hopeful, the funeral 6 of Xe - Wm, Little, a sis-| eggs from a. fiock that shows such oe and. {them for himself, nor will he stay in me etana tthe neck ori th ene cg nia Feo, who Re I oe The great lees comes, 1 Mo oney Objecti ve J t ? the game and break the rules. Play ; . gy <, ian . o many poultry-keepers f timood Bee the are but the stepping stones: to suc- thro! the invasion of th game like a good sport, Py cess. day Improving Nicely— due to th T ; e reduction of the vitality is easiet to save money ‘tAmaizemated Oct., Ist., 1923.) | OMly fair advice for p me If a boy is trained to serve “his Friends 4 in _lustowe ef Miss-Phy-| and general stamina of t 3 Published Thursday of each week. peng i i, snlong considered "eviized, Master during the teen-ages, he will/liss Lamont, of Toronto, and a fomn- does not destroy aS ore ie when you havea defin- feast to sixteen pages, seve I- & ggm TuleS.| probably desire to serve him the rest | er Setar ifn, will be glad to learn| ually brings them to a state of weak- ite obi vi wmns to the page. All’ home-print. ston tea ae ag ‘seat petty of his life. e is improving’ nicely, after} ness that puts them in the class of ite 0 ject in view. Can use ma Remember: The boy of today-—the being serionaty il] for the past few on unproductive, and they might Subscription rate $2.00 a year. Ghavee the rales have ko tine man of tomorrow. weeks. 4 - ee Ee a Seema objective, save in advance: otherwise $2: ae. tham, by anpealing to tie axtncritinn 4 Avian tubercnlosis is a chronic-in- armani and you = @ix months $1.00; three. tear | 60c, but do not change them yourself, and i] 4, | Beeelves Cut in Head— fections disease of birds caused by a ie ra in the United States do not disregard them because | + Ce periis bockex fan rink paeiins gdb nab um avium. In- ‘ on Tuesday evening, Mr y Collins| fection generally introduced by: : The Banner and Bee bes the oir~ think you can without being caught, LETTERS TO THE EDITOR had, the misfortune of having his rthzing a diseased birds from other . ead cut from a hockey stick, and a} floc! geons that feed in a < than its ag Sem Fo excels as * *! few atitches were required to close} hen yards and farm: yards = the THE CANADIAN BANK - em advertising Dear Editor the wound. neighborhood : may be responsible for MWe do job printing of afl kinds. With be Churc andi alee ee SE Se general distribution, ‘The most fre- OF COMMERCE ay I have the privilege of sett . E, 8, HUDSON. I De urches forth in your valuable paper some| “cepts Posit read hae ool the purchase of sup- € fact ding th ed addition Mr. Alvin Weber, who has. been y healthy chickens and bring- Capital Paid Up * Editor and Proprietor. iy s aa aie bd Sd ton at sere smpiored in the grocery store of Mr.} ing such home to mingle with the brag “aml $20,000,000 ’ 2 Member Canadian Weekly Newspa- . for’ jhe Listowel High @chool? A. Climie for sometime, has ac- flock. er source of danger i “Associati 6alvar Evap elical as af es 2 e ¢ 3 she ale —_ pes a position in the store of Mr.| the egg from a hen having tubercular HLP.W. aad ; @ attendance 4 Fred Bender, and commenced its} Ovaries. These may produce eggs Listowel Branch es . Wanzer, Manager a. increased a great deal ‘during the} auties on Monday containing the bacillus. If so, and - ; Dei eney’ March: 11th., 1926 Rev. M. L. Wing, Pastor ot oaaeeen — ee rh pat ate used for incubation the re- bP oats : ering su chiek Sunday, March 14th room and in two of the other class a ng from Blood er . egEs t Soa hance wenn ceicte — “ - ay, Mar rooms pupils are eccommodated in| orial Hospital, uff ip he germ and if used fo i * - »\su ering from blood ge used for feeding Editorial LENTEN SERVICES dochease the ufficiones of the sehool,| Poisoning in his thumb, as the re-| Chicks may infect them. The dro : “ to am LENTEN SERVICES. [cham the, otency of he shel | ul ata acldnt wheat wars faclius 20 any carelessness m teed | Keep Your Animals Healthy by Using’ hy m.— . t us, SO any care’ ¥ oe tor, Subject: “The Divine Serv-jand difficulty in’cless management. rb og on Woltastey le —— and n ogiv 4 oe peter ze por cep our imals. y . y sing f < adgeah prinedanty _ ee ant.” Two new class rooms are required . tatton will itkely aid the trouble until : 3 t don’t take busiriess 11 a,m.—Bible School, . to remedy this condition. Mrs, Barnett, Sr. Died on Wednesday; the disease has a grip on the entire . ¢ . friendship. 7 p.-m.—Evening: Worship: e Pas-; Physical Education has become a hig auth iscoanrel ta “welince, on ; a tor. Subject: “‘Who is Greatest in| part of the schoo! curriculum as ac seee os r ess oc OnIC pe oing your best is all right. but in} the Kingdom of God?” Special; much as any other subject. Just as Margaret fiartin, Ferry 2 sg of whe de ® | this progressive and fast-stepping age} music by the choir. a science laboratory is required te Barnett, Sr. in| her seventy-ninth itpto ease is slow to develop, and | Always buy Dr. Hess Stock Tonic sinnities to the size of “you want to be sure your best is a lit-} Monday 8*p.m.—E. L. C. E. service. | teach Physics and Chemistry, 60 4|year. The funeral will be held from ms are not generaily noticed | your herd, Ee tle better than the other fellow's. Discussion: “How t the s an essential part of the the tantly sosid until the hird is over a year old. They The 25 1b. pail will do 5 horses or cattle and 20 hoge for Spirit of Anger ond Revenge?” In| school opeiptiens in order to meet Wallace, Cd Gatertay to gry continue to, feed well, but become 30 days. he 1 of the Lookout Committee. of the course-inlas ‘two o'clock, and interment willl ee teats OF the breast We strictly guarantee the, Dr. Hess ling. If not gatiataatory » the people of one’s country. 1 “ARE You Law. ABIDING e love of sted is not mere rs nghip. It is regard for and all it is a feeling of fellowship} ve ed upon grounds of reason, and no of prejtilice neoin Only recently we heard the ues- . 7.45——Prayer meeting. Brorybods welcome at these services. etre ‘e ae the requirements Physical Training. The gymnasium would also be used as an Assembly Hall where all the pupils could meet for Literary and Social development oing at present.| The town’é share of the cost of the ‘pullding would be the efficiency df the sch tained and the additional accommo- dation provided. I sincerely trust that no one will be made in- Woodlawn cemetery. Opera wat et Undergo tion-— < pad to to report this week ceived to-day stated that she 1s pro- the new refrigerating plant in Mr. Art. George’s restaurant. The mach- ine is operated by electricity and the use of calcium chloride, and may becnme greatiy reduced, and the ‘bird becomes a handful of feathers, skin and bones. Swelling of the leg joints — with —r is common. enerally sh eese or may be gritty. Enlare - meat of both liver and spleen ts com- mon in tuberculosis of fowls. Infec- tions of the lu quantities. bring back the empty pail and your money will be ref The 25 lb. pail costs you-only $3.50. Special price tor lerger unded.. Mr. John Quanz returned home Saturday after spending a week with relatives in Walkerton and Hanover. Mrs. Clayton Ankenman nad hood for all of them; it gs will burst : xe aol broiherho the. preaperily and ti t and would thus serve two important ear “Mire. L. Hetbein, of Connuest,| and discharge, the bird goes down ? (6 ‘happiness of all of them; it is kindly ap IS purposes Sask., and mother of Mrs. W.-L. Hei-| unable to stand. Intestinal trouble 4 eek considerate judgment toward al an rhe, catimated cost. ate ee ween * igen is improving nicely| with diarrhoea, dullness and no Hfe ‘i j “| after n ly ili . oot « ve cent te qadividanl salt Rev. H W. Jackson, Pastor ties of Perth, Huron and Wellington} Jaw Hospital, with, A It was ve ‘death. ee ey | Soa 3 oe Se Tene ee ettlt ct] Sanday, March Mth (rane accra te Sos aod [ae nocouaty rors Meeta Yo we] peceaere Rice eet ee - true progress is that it shall be bas y, apine ot ureceat The tevn'e share| creo, the operation, -and word re-| mi, visibly tubercular _attected ; E ; _: noble se nt. t9 a.m,—Sunday school. gressing favorably, - mpl delebebeebellebidebebdebeheeb brett Sod ment of charity for all and malice|11 a.m.—Public Worship. SEAL of the comticn 1100 "Cm ot mortem, yellowiahowhite ears . LA Azan tae ri ~ toward none was not a specific for a fie 5 ne alee fnteees Wow tke gpd pin an’ ote at (Installed Frigidaire— spleen. These spots or nodules vary | SIXTH LINE WALLACE =— >) pownss = = the Civil War, but is a inte princi- a A representative of the Frigidaire t { Da tle Thursday .7.30 —Pr tinue and undoubtedly increase if n size and may be as large as a bean: = 3.48 ios of action. —Eigu R Rs u y p-m. ayer service. y aati arachas Co. is in town this week instaHing when cut they resemble PEPE | geet Selebeepeeteh To Farmers Who are in need of ngs are not so fre- THINK qHIS THROUGH: Out of 100 men who are strong and active at 26, 36 will be dead tion asked, “Is there anyone who can trathfully say that he is a law-abid- ing citizen?” Are You? But think it over before you ahswer because it is be misled by erroneous statenients made in ignorance of the facts of the ease. I have been told that the Min- ister of Education is contemplating acity for eight cans of ice cream. The installation of this machine will Sreatly increase the efficiency of the service of the restaurant. daughter Jean, are visiting with her parents in New Hambur Mr. and Mrs. Henry Drayton, are — with friends on quent, but occasionally these organs show cheesy yellow or white areas. The intestine is a common seat of orses About March 20th. we will offer you at Listowel a car load of spler— Stricker of mot as easy to be such as one ma@y/) 4: ¢5, 1 will be rich, 4 will bej/the establishment of. continuation nfoctioes since all es material “think. Do you speed up your cari} wocithy, 6 will be supporting}/schools in the surrounding town-| .; 4 this ro T. B. no- | this line this we did young workers and betel 5 ab gwhen the cop is not around? Do you!) themselves by work, 54 will be de-}| ships to relieve conjestion in the!) REMEMBER THE ‘PHONE | dulés frequently develop either on, iss Pearl W: alter returned home| broken to wo Wait: for these. Tee on the wrong side of the road/# pondent upon friends, relatives High School. This is as ridiculous as| | | or fn, x lumen of the bowel. These otter « spending — pig eeney Stanley Strachan. | imply because it is late at night! ? and charity. it is false and if it were put into ef- | You kane ety aheat tt. Yon resemble the nodules on the Hver. ree — Ss cs) t i) bide Wedaesdey, Maret 27 <ator | amd you will not get caught? Do you!) ©, -cople ure Especially invit-4| fect it would tend to increase: at-j | ; : Prevention and Control. RUG PASE ECEER Fg Gr Wore EuCKs ow P ide the train|} Young Peop apecras) | didn't let the paper know it. Sunday at the home of Mr. and Mrs.| ‘Clarke, at Walton, 100 — farm Jhave your children ride on the at to tendance at the Listowel High School! { you found fault because the | |' , Kill off the flock and thoroughly )) Walter = . being lot 16, con. 17, ‘without paying fare because they er . as pupils would come here from Con- | paper didn’t have it. Hardly Vic up houses. yards: and equip- \*° Mi 2 in Walte is endin ~ small, although old enough to pay United*Church tinuation Schools to complete their] | fair, When you have an item || Ment. Slightly diseased birds, if in |. oetime in Listowel. P . 7 : | Do you patronize lotteries which are High School work. The Minister of! | remember the Banner {| Rood flesh, may be used for food. Mi at “- " Be cab at Uetowal EEEEEEEEEEEE EEE EE EEE EE ELS fe ‘gtrictly against the law? Are you aj} Sunday Eve.. 14 {| education has announced his inten- 4 ——— wi Those in-emaciated condition and ge gece ate ° dur pel s tris My * Jay-walker? And so we could go 0D—/¢ synject: Le 1 WERE TWENTY- {| tion of establishing the work of the \ “| showing diseased lesions should be Oe amin bie ig acl ~ ia with friends! WANDRICK'S SALE REGIS- + ; they are “too = to mention.’ ONE AGAIN.’ 2nd. year University Course in the burned. Keep rats and mice out of |O" “Ms Hine last week. c TER 4 ; Secondary Schools. This ‘will also the houses and yards, and always <n n “THE WORLD DO MORE” 11 a.m.—Subject: “A CURB FOR increase attendance at the High keep birds of various ages in Sep ‘iil alata OO a a Me i a ak A report in an American weekly CARE." School instead of deereasing it as a ou arate flocks. Be sure of the new | * mewspaper said that “forty-seven per!) Anthem. Soldiers of Christ Arise }/ has heen suggested. stock, et that it comes from un- | * KURTZVILLE ; aes March 17th.--The effects “gent of all the farmers in the United Miller The Listowel High School occu- 7 infected remises. eed out old ia + W. E. Somers at east ; i - States have radios in their homes.")] mixed Qanrtetie—Maw D. Pet-¢! pies a unique position in a thriving nstead of sending receipts by} birds and ml Gaeaicloue | cases, Keep | thebeetebebebtetenaetetedetnt eh Mdm 31, con. 2, Grey. Sale at 1.20 \o’- We do not know what the percent- cher, Mrs. D. Bennett. Mr.{/town in the midst of a progressive! oui whith da-aihh° Gade nites the pigeons out. Be up to date in Mr. and Mra. Wm. Zurbrigg spent clock. F. W. Raymond, trustee. ‘winter months the roads were drift- But now many farmers and their 8S. J. Poag, add E. D. Bennett. Blackmore, O. and E. Fimkbein- community. Surely it is the duty of sum of:money annually for the main- good results with poor equipment. It will please accept our than sanitation.—L. Stevenson. Dept. of first, the finding out which birds in breedin flock ‘are Eges the bacillus pullorun in the yolk. The an infected Sunday at theehome of Mr. and Mra. nity i guests at the home of Mr. at the home of the former's mother, Re “age would be in Canada. Not so large "ef course, but there are quite a few |) > 45 p.m.—Sunday sehool. ‘| the citizens of this town to live up Sikes this ta Fi ic ‘Banner Extension, 0. A. College, Guelph. Tevare an ; “ xin, ston ts 7 and 6,-con ag ae non farmers have radios in Classes for everybody. to thelr moral obligation of provid-| of acknowledging receipt of the fol- Mr. and Mrs. Smith Vines, Mr. ; Sette aX. pr mle homes. hink 7 p.m.—Subject, as stated above. {| ing all possible advantage by way of towing new subscriptions or renew- Becillary White Diarrhoea. Laurie Vines and mother gear ee, clock back : Soegenee agony wil Tenet Male Chores. ee ca geen weopie ofi als, received during. the past fe The elimination of bacillary white cous on Mond cael eon Willie Port- . cacs . Z this community. The town and sur- : : diarrhoea from the poul flocks of B \ how on many o ions in the}? Male Quartette—Messrs. Zurbrigg, rounding counties are paying wm lkcet days, and for which those remitting miario depends ore dod ape . a Men trwin sraater, _ a “64 full, from fence top to fence top. “n tenande of the High School, the T ay, : 6 . Geo. Wolfe on Sunday. nd for days at a time no one Was |! ee reemermegr | ereos of which is being retarded) se peney ge through the application of the blood | MF Orth le sponding this week| (Carefully Revised Bach Week) “able to gét through. Then came the through lack of accommodation. It Mr. C. H. Kennedy, Jarvis. sert: : nd, the rem of oie her sister, Mra. John Wahl, 3rd.| Wheat ....--.--+++++405 ee e HY ope for the mail. If we could only : seems to be good business’ to provide Mr, J.,.W. Ward, <> all metceeah birds from the flock; |! B cy @ Sia: Os S821 ip Bie S88 68 @ newspaper and find out what : the required improyemerts in order Mr. J. WwW. Smith, Wes onion. third, the protection of the young Mr Tr. d Mrs. Geo. Faust and son MPICY oer sesecess $3.90 ees cnt toe the greet world was doing. What ° that the community may receive max- Mr. Wm. T. Elliott, Holmesvilie. and growing ok: Liayd, spent Sunday at the home of| Flour ...-....-.-- 90 to 1.25 a gw government doing? How did Spartan Tuxis Square imum return for the money which is} Mr. Wilbert Drury, Arthur. It has been conclusively proven | Mr. Alex. McCabe. ala anes: See: hat big murder trial come off What being expended at present. No euc-| Mr. Art Weinert, Neustadt. at this disease is an ovarian infec- | Mr. Clifford. Vines and Miss Ains- “a g in town? — cessful business man would expect| Mr. Donald _Ross, Northern Valley,| ton. from infected birds carry } Worth of Elmira, spent the week-end amities can sit in their parlors, and . is our duty therefore to provide for’ ™r. C. Walter, Waterloo. chick that develops from Mrs. Elie Vines Yieten to the orchestras, the operes, TRAD, RANGERS edacation in a sound bustles tan.| Mt. G..H. Magee, Paisley cen wilt be infected and have the dis- and Mrs. Norman McDowell ‘soloists, speakers ase ner, for education is the community's}. Mr._J. A. Rapsey, Port Arthur. ease when it steps out A the shell. {Spent Sunday at the home of Mr. and chers, items of news, etc. Wha Mentne 8. Mathetuan. greatest investment. Mr. Thos. Stewart, Granite Falis,| Normal c mning with diseased | Mrs. Wilford Fisher. Dasks 5 er to him that the north wind Pretor—L. Hall. Sincerely x0 ¥6, Minn. chicks may pick up the organism | Misa Nellie Dowd spent Saturday —— ORB. esse taveewee og wa? What suatfar to him that the Deputy Pretor—Lorne Halliday. : P. mitt, Mrs. D. C. Harris, Winnipe through picking up Infected materials |@t her home’ in North Mornington. Lard ...6-+-e+ees oe fot OR 23 Pia falling? Scriptor—G. Gem Listowel, Oot., Mar. 10, i826 | Mrs, Agnes Dowds, Shelby, Ohio.| and feed from the foor of pen or sy sly the Fworld de move.’ Datspror_—4. Pinkbeiner. Mr. G. E. "Ee, Haron, ‘Buffalo. yard. In this way, a few germ car Six. ——= 9 b Editor-_F. Bricker ‘Mrs.F. H. Terry,.. Toronto rlers may be ‘Seebonaible for a large A LAND OF OIL. » % ee ASs Insects Live at Great Heights. ur aay H. Gosens, Ridgetown.} percentage of the flock going cow + AE os WALLACE ae rules. is good sport- In the struggle for existence many _ W. Sovereign, Grimsby. with the disease. ‘Chickens that ae Texas Is Furnishing Seventh Part of |y oe ge th ae What the. rulea do not for- The Political Fature ‘ ereatures are driven .to yitve at im--|~ lg Nene Johnston, Armstrong, are always a-menace | Worki's Production. SERED EE EEE EEF EEEEEEE EP EES Pesane in .reasén, but what] The Mayor of an Ontario city re-| mense BC Mr. Henry Lord: cane eo *s Po cently bemoaned the fact that his Mrs. A. G. Witmer, Vancouver. B.C, in that they pri a bacillus a to thé next breed Many centuries ago Palestine was called Na jand flowing with milk 4 muy 6th and | for oak “ot the penalty, but community took more interest in the] herd of wild sheep sitting om a gla- | Mr, Eccles Vallance, Grand Coules.| them ont and eliminate from rok aes wore guests on ¥ of Hartley, il lous tharge—that of not be-; Boys’ Parliament elections then in| ¢ier surrounded by pinnacles of ice. k. at once. ane finding out tm el land 2 fowite with oll of Mr. and Mrs. Dan Pommer,” @ good spo .| municipal affairs. As we look at the| They found hees, moths, and butter- Mr. H. W. der, Arcola, Sask. | done by securing a blood sample from In 1866, when an enterp tising pto-'| cow. : as ere was perhaps a time whien it question, this re orm surely be} flies at 21,000. feet, and the last Eaa eee a Velie, Manhattan} each bird and snyiee to it the Paes neer dug the-frst Texan ofl ealy with Mrs. J. M. Kincade, fd. com considered proper to break! the!a confirmed pess: , for, instead of serum or -agglutination test: be pick and shovel at Of] Springs, few jspent the week-end visiting in ‘Btrat-- at you could without being} bemoaning the rg he ‘should, as a “Mies Mitte Ka test depends on the gael that os people dreamed that the petroteum jford with her daughter, Mrs. Cec out. © UPpO s of the player, and their Dp. regard for the rules citizen interésted In the future of his the subject will chatlenge a state- interest - is on “By decline, af-pk Mrs. M. Burwell, Si nea Sask. Mr. 'W. R. Erskine, Detroit. Pessaon Marie Berlett, Toronto. my so its function : use the bacteria As, bacilinrygy the. blood serum of. infected hens This substance is spoken ef as agglu- in the test is ere are now a hundred produe- Th ing areas _ the state, aa which a half mijlio SStime Taleres spon hot (bakes hatin ibe Telofeing indeed. | No 0 \Mr. Edward Sargent, Winni there 1s bstan dueed resources of were. later x8 be [Oavel eree Waa - n, Tejo “. a o one Fs war en nnipeg. ere a su ce produ as = t now it depends more hj with a knowledge of the statistics of- Mr, E. House,. Meyronne, Saak. woe against bacterium pullorun: ep among the greatest in the eur tae Heaith i ghee aud Sine ‘ spent Mayburry, ‘Listowel. Mr. and Mrs. Noah Bowman spent 4 » game. * ia rude ojl are |Saturday at the. home of Mr. and eae, piace, of ind sportsman-| bat, titte may re impro the Inventor 0 ft. harbed wire roduced daily trom depths varying {léra. Sanderson, We arerglad — D breaking the rules, wine pagar bs ~ A age pen 100. etter 0 feet to more than a mile. jto report thet Mr. Sanderson is able. ‘gavel, = Pd contact with the CuaAL ‘heures ale that to-day |to be ont again, after being confined. if “oid no lon Texas is Speman Bord re than a sev- j}to his home for several weeks with of civilization or Tooth enth part of the world’s production Yan attack ‘of rheumatism, ~ of petroleum. certain Captain Lucas accident- # ene ‘a e devil never takes. ¥ a contributions are ¥o