. SHFETY IN THE SUBMARI OUTE LITTLE INVENTIONS | a Mees ACCIDENTS, Te 1 _ Every Care is Taken to Prevent Loss of Life in Deadly Craft. Ever since submarines were first: introduced, brainy men have been at work devising methods by which dangers to their crews can be re- duced to a minimum. Those who are used to serving in these deadly little craft will tell you that these dangers is not so great as is usual- ly imagined, and that the loss of life from accidents has really been comparatively small, says Pear- son's Weekly. se ae Although Britain did not start _ building submarines until long af- ter some other nations, those in x Navy are second to none, and all sorts of safety appliances are use. The two great dangers are lision and ehh, iene and spec- al attention has been given to methods that will prevent loss of life in case of accident from these Wo sources. When the submarine is submerg- ed it is really half blind, for the eriscope is only a makeshift eye, ie ren this has been greatly im- proved. Formerly the lens in use only allowed half the horizon to mined, unless the periscope 'turned round. ; could therefore happen that a ship anaght come up unnoticed and strike the submarine before it could dive into safety. Now, however, a 'w lens has been devised which es a complete view all round, that an approaching vessel can seen from whatever quarter it mes. MICE DETECT LEAKING GAS. Another danger is escaping pet- » which may lead to an explo- Be n. By the regulations the en- gine must be stopped as soon as n escape is noticed, a bad acci- dent being caused a few years ago neglect of this precaution. In e early days of submarines mice were kept on board, as they were fected by an escape of petrol long fore the crew noticed it. They would run about, squeak olently, and show every sign of 'distress, but now the engines make ymuch noise that their squeakings would not be noticed. At present, amore scientific method for detect- g the escape of noxious fumes is use. _ Two engineers employed at Ports- outh have invented an apparatus at registers the escape of petrol other gas, coming into action ong before sufficient can have es- d to form an explosive mix- By an ingenious contrivance g light is substituted for' a hite one and a bell is rung when there is a leakage of gas. Sometimes sea water will pene- irate into the accumulators, a very serious danger, as chlorine ereby evolved which may suffo-| still hot, 1 t 4 Thanks to another | dition of a feruginous deposit, con- deadly | stituting the coloring matter. Pro- te the crew. i however, rendered this comparatively A safety helmet, somewhat mbling those worn in mining ex-| added material, and as rt = = tried"in one or 'two of the under- water craft consists of a long flex- ible tube attached to the outside. At one end is a float, while the other communicates with the intér- lor. Im the event of an accident | this tube is liberated, and is at' once borne to the surface by the' float to which is attached a ae to ie notice to any ship near at nd. Until the submarine is rais- ed, the crew can breathe through this tube, or food might even be passed down. Some of our boats are fitted with strong steel rings, by means of which they cap be lifted if sunk, and experiments have been carried out at Portsmouth to discover the best means of raising them. Ger- many possesses a special ship for lifting submarines, but appliances to enable an imprisoned crew to escape are, of course, far better than the most elaborate lifting ap- paratus that is not.on the spot. Heavy weights are attached to the bottom of French submarines: Under ordinary conditions they possess sufficient buoyancy to lift these weights, but should a leak- age occur, causing the vessel sink, these weights are released, and the damaged submarine rises to the surface. SER Aen Sa ARTIFICIAL GEMS. Hard to Tell the Difference Be- tween Real and Unreal. Science is catching up, no doubt, but has still a long way to go be- fore it.can make precious stones as Nature turns them out. Professor Tecla, as demonstrated in London, has come very near to the artificial production of rubies, sapphires, and pearls, so near that the inex- pert cannot distinguish them from the genuine thing. Yet the almost imperceptible dissimilarity is enough to make the difference be+ tween $30 and $2,500 in the value of a ruby, though there may be no complaint of the imitation as to density or color, The natural ruby has an _ indefinable something known only to the expert, and not entirely to be explained by the microscope's revelation that the zones are flat instead of oval or round, Still, the manufactured stone can be admired quite conscien- tiously in the knowledge that it really is a ruby, being made of ru- by chips ground to fine powder and welded at a temperature of 600 degrees. Visitors were shown how the powder is poured into a recept- acle at the top of a simple looking apparatus and is blown by oxygen down a pipe to a point on which the heat is concentrated. Here the fall- ing powder accumulate in a cone- shaped white-hot mass, reaching the requisite size in about half an hour. Afterwards it is cut and mounted, and to all but a highly- educated eye is a genuine stone. Nature's procedure is followed more closely in making sapphires. These stones, it seems, were form- is!ed ages ago, when the earth was of alumine, with the ad- |fessor Telea follows the hint, sup- | plying the alumine in a white pow- re-{der, which is tinged to pink by the a result of plosions, has been designed by a/ the process, similar to that under- couple of naval officers. tertight canvas jacket that| the influenee of the_ : te scund: t ss a big hel- changes to the beautiful quality of t, not unlike! sapphire blue, and the gem is pro- traps round the wais net with a glass fron that of the ordinary diver. Just below the front of this is a| according to Nature's mea 17 gazine containing a special sub- | but in a more expeditious va . Yr. ? which} 'Telea in making a pearl takes tance called "oxylithe,' as the power of GIVING OFF OXYGEN. d absorbing the carbonic acid in e air when it comes into contact ' with water. In this manner the ; arer of the helmet has always a good supply of air to breathe, that in case of the evolution hlorine the crew would hastily don se jackets, which are kept in all ubmarines. They have still another use, for, ing full of air, they serve as buoys. Thus, in the event of a marine being struck by a pass- ng ship and holed, these dresses would be put on at once. hatch could be opened, and en would float to the surface, the Then the : Attached | gone by the ruby. the pink, under great heat, | duced in the form of a little cone, example, a base of mother-o'-pearl and after | dipping it into a composition for the first layer gives it 24 hours to dry, and repeats the process 20 | times, at the end of which the $0 | of | earl is completed and does not ev- ris require Salahing. His product compares creditably with that of the oyster. Emeralds are made quite differently by a process de- scribed as very complicated but not exemplified. a ONE BRITON TO FOUR JAPS. However, if the hole were large | e water would pour in so quickly that there would be no time to get into these. But British inven- ve genius has not found this dif- culty too great to solve, and now all our submarines are being fitted with a very simple little safety de- e. nee Air always seeks the | highest point, and as soon as a submarine aks the water fills the bottom 'and pushes the air to the top, where a certain quantity 1s always held ins any odd corner near the sof, Therefore, thin stecl par- tions, depending a foot or two yom the roof in places where it slopes or forms corners, are being ted in ordey to form air traps different parts of the interior. Thus, when a bad leak occurs, 'kly filling the submarine with er, the air is compressed into traps. - The erew immediately theig helmets and stand with head and shoulders above the ter in the air traps, so that they mn breathe while putting on the ty dress. A NOVEL TUBE ESCAPE. nother invention that has been j ee Cheap Labor Found to be Most Ex- pensive in End, Clarence Poe, who has made a thorough first-hand study of manu- facturing and commerce in Japan, says that in the Tokio branch of the Kanagafuchi Spinning Company (a company which controls 300,000 spindles) the director, speaking from the experience of one af the greatest and best conducted indus- tries in Japan, declared ; "Vour skilled factory laborers in America or England will work four sides of a ring frame; our unskilled laborer may work only one.' ""§ young Englishman in another factory declared: 'It takes five men here to do work that I and my mate would take care of at home. 'An American vice-consul told me that it takes three or four times as much Japanese as foreign labor to look after an equal number of looms. .A Japanese expert just hack from Murope declared recently that 'Lancashire labor is more ex- pensive than ours, but really cheap- rh veges Mr. Poe goes on to show by ex- pert testimony and statistics that in Japan, as elsewhere, "cheap" la- bor is found to be the most expen- sive in the long run. EMPIRE'S CONGESTED AREA to' EE LMT SEL LOTS eo INTERESTING INFORMATION ABOUT THE POPULATION. Hongkong the Most 'Thickly and Falkland Islands the Most ~~" Sparsely. Settled. In the "Statistical Abstract for the British Empire in each year from 1895 to 1909,'? which has just been issued by the Commercial De- partment. of the Board of Trade, the first two pages are full of -in- formation relating to the area and population, ascertained up to 1901. These figures include the area and population of the British Afri- can protectorates (except Zanzibar), British protection after 1891. With regard to Zanzibar and eight other protectorates, only estimates of area and population are given. It is interesting to note that the most intensely congested area in the Empire is' Hongkong, which has .a population of 9587.5 to the square mile. The most sparsely inhabited area isthe Fanlklund Islands, with 0.3 to the square mile. THE MAORI POPULATION is excluded from the tables relating to the Dominion of New Zealand, which were mostly' placed wnder. PRINCE STUDYING WELSH. will Address Welsh Adherents in Their Own Tongue. -- The Prince of Wales is now bus- [ily engaged in mastering the Welsh| language, so that he may be able : |to address his Welsh adherents in their own 'tongue at his investi- ture at Carnarvon Castle, on the jafternoon of July 13. : King George will be the virtual president at the investiture cere- monies of his eldest son, whose of- ficial creation as Prince of Wales will be conducted with all manner of historic pomp, in the presence-of twelve thousand privileged guests, among whom will be Queen Mary and other members of the Royal family. The investiture will take place on a raised platform in the centre of Carnarvon Castle, and the actual eeremonial is 'to 'be carried out by the Bishop of Bangor and an emin- ent Nonconformist minister. This will be the first reyal ceremony to be participated in by a clergyman other than a member of the estab- lished Church of England, a grace- ful concession to the Welsh peo- ple, the bulk of whom belong to what is known as the Free Churches. As far as possible the precedents set at the investiture of Edward I. as Prince of Wales will be follow- ed, and so tradition orders it that "Eddy"? shall be shown to the peo- ple after his investiture from a win- but it is gratifying to learn from a footnote that this interesting race }is not, as was at one time feared, becoming extinct. In 1881 their numbers were 44,097, but in 1906 the population had risen to 47,781. Interesting figures are given of the population of the large cities and towns of the Empire, Liverpool was second to London in 1881, but in 1861 Glasgow had forged ahead, and in 1901 it still maintained its supremacy. But this is accounted for by the inclusion of the densely populated district. of Govan. The estimated population of the three big cities in 1910 was: London .... +++ 645872, 7202 Glasgow 884,505... Liverpool .... 767,606 Taking the Empire, however, Caleutta and Fort comes next to London, with 1,031,206 inhabitants. TRADE OF THE EMPIRE. A summary of the trade of the Empire shows a total volume of £1,595,750,000, of which £1,200,- 524,000 or 75.2 per cent., is foreign trade and the balance inter-Imperi- al. The total tonnage of the Em- pire's shipping is 13,348,013, of which the United Kingdom furnish- es 11,585,578 tons. It is further estimated that in 1909 throughout the Empire 300,- 000,000 tons of coal were produced, the value being 120 millions ster- ling ; 16,000,000 tons of iron ore, 10,- to the value of six millions sterling, 12,000,000 ounces of gold with a value of 54 millions sterling; silver to the value of 3% millions; copper four millions; tin, eight millions; 689 million bushels of wheat; 125 million bushels of barley ; 545° mil- lion bushels of oats, 53 milliog bush- els of maize; nine million gallons of wine; 133 million pounds of cocoa, and 89 million pounds of coffee. NES | MAKES DEAD DOGS BARK. Physician Shews How Electric Shock Will Produce Noise. Dr. Marage, of Paris, France, who a short time ago demonstrated | his discovery that voice sounds are | | produced by the larynx exclusively, |has been showing the Academy of | Science that dead dogs can be made | to bark and even how! most dismal- ily. The importance of his experi- ments lies in his theory that in a person suffering from a lost voice a slight electric shock given the larynx may restore its muscular ac- tivity, and hence be attended by a return of voice. While studying the functions of the larynx he hit on the curious fact that dead animals, by means of elec- tric action in' the larynx, can be made to emit the same sounds as when they were alive. He applied ;a feeble electric current to certain | muscles of the throat of a dead dog, | which immediately caused it to bark. The sound was produced evi- dently by a series of simple eontrac- | tions of the larynx, causing a vi- bration. He multiplied his experi- ments and found that big dead hounds, for instance, could be made to emit a deep-voiced bark as if they were alive, and smaller dogs could be made to produce a long, pitiful howl, such as is usually heard when they are said to be barking or howl- ing at the moon. The various kinds of howls and barks can be produced at-will by changing the electrical current. % JUST AS HE SAID. Investor (angrily)--"See here! You told me I'd surely clear be- tween five and six hundred dollars on that deal." Broker--" Well?' Inveslor--"Well, I clear just $8.- 75 on it.'? Broker--"Then, you've got kick. Thal' no 8 between $5 and $600, isn't it??? -- Z 000,000 tons of pig iron, diamonds: dow high up in the wall of the castle. In order that this may be 'done effectively, a platform is to be | erected outside the windew, on | Which the yeuthful Prince of Wales | will stand when, after a fanfare of itrumpets, the proclamation of his investiture is made. He will also ; appear on a raised platform outside ;Queen Eleanor's Gateway, and | there, in the presence ef 100,000 of i his subjects, recite a formal oration iin the Welsh language. A religious service, mostly in Welsh, will conclude the proeeed- ings, invitations to the. ceremony will be made by King George, through the Lord Chamberlain, and a certain number of them will na- turally be at the disposal of the Am- erican Embassy. -- | A MYSTERY SOLVED. Clairvoyant Reveals Resting Place of Sunken Treasure. Within a week or so these engag- ed in the long search for the mys- terious and treasure-laden Spanish galleon sunk in 1588 off the north- west coast of Scotland, in. Tober- mory Bay, expect to be rewarded with success. For a long time div- ers lave been bringing up occasion- al coins, cannon, swords, and yari- ous other relics which go to prove hat the ship was the ill-fated Flo- |rencia, captured and blown up off ithe Isle of Mull when beating des- perately for the nerth after the de- feat of the Spanish Armada. The latest clue to the position of the main hull has come out in a queer and uncommercial way, for it owes its origin to the efforts of a 'clairvoyant. The seer was consulted by Lieut.-Col MacKenzie Foss, the ichairman of the Pieces of Eight Syndicate whieh is conducting the search. Chiefly out of curiosity, he went to her with a piece of wood about the size of a man's finger- nail, that had been recovered from the wreck. Though knowing no- | thing of the circumstanees, the wo- iman closed her eyes and declared ishe felt very keenly the sensation | of being under water. | She foHowed this disclosure with | the announcement that the wood be- | longed to a sunken vessel which lay to the left of where it was being sought. Lieut.-Col. Fess, being a | Scotchman, had his doubts, but af- jter a careful search according to her directions, located other por- itions of the hull in a quite unex- |pected direction. He was totally won over, however, by the fact that on his arrival at the diving head- quarters, he found.a buoy had been placed near the wreck. This was not there when he went away, but the occulist insisted that she could see it bobbing up and down. Sure enough when he returned, his as- sistants had placed the buoy to mark the position of a gun that had just been hauled up. A large amount of treasure is confidently expected to reward the efforts of the searchers, who have been hard at their task for many months. cy TUFT ON PRINCE'S CROWN. The feather tuft on the top of the crown worn on special occasions by the Prince of Wales is said to be the only one of its kind in human possession. It is valued at $650,- 000. The tuft is made of the fea- thers of the periwak, a bird that is found only in dense jungles where tigers have their lairs. It was only after many attempts, lasting over a period of 20 years, that one of these birds could be secured. More than a dozen hunters, it is said, lost their lives in the quest. = Cos "Tubbs says he's been making number of improvements about hi home recently.' "Yes; I notice € he's sold his piano.'* - QUREN. ALEXANDRA. Keeps Away From King George and | Queen Mary in Public. -- A cloud of sorrow still hangs over Queen Alexandra. are so uncertain, now-a-days, that Court officials are often at their wits' ends, owing to the frequency with which she changes her plans. Impulsive action has always char- acterized her, and bereavement seems to haye accentuated this trait. As Queen Mary has stepped straight to the footlights of popular attention, her royal mother-in-law, so long cast for the star part in Court functions, has not unnatur- ally felt that she is by way of be- ing a back number, which is a hard fact for an imperious woman~--to swallow. The fact that several hundred thousand dollars have been spent on restoring Marlborough House, the Quéen Mother's official resi- dence, is taken as proof that she will be in residence there during part of the season, at least, though the memories that must crowd on her there will necessarily make her visits to Marlborough House of short juration. Together with Vrincess Victoria, she has been staying for a few days in Genoa, and her present intention is to make a short stay at Athens with her brother, the King -- of Greece. But the Queen Mother will be back in London in time to attend the memorial seryice for the late King Edward at Windsor on May 16. She will then revisit Sandring- ham, and, in the early fall, pay her customary visit to Denmark and Norway. Jt is significant that Queen Alex- andra has not once associated her- self with any of the recent public appearances of King George and Queen Mary, though this may be because, on second thought, she re- cognizes that complications in eti- quette and precedence might ensue if she did so. Queen Alexandra is also credited with the intention of allowing her son and daughter-in- law to forge their own way to popu- larity, as she and her late husband did so successfully. There are many evidences, not only in Britain, but as far afield as Switzerland, that King George and Queen Mary are finding a niche in peoples' hearts. The inhabitants of Neufchatel have just conveyed a compliment to them by re-naming a section of the domain of Harde- lot "Maryland," little recking that this might be taken as a compliment also to the United States. The name of '"'Avenue Roi Georges Fifth'? has also been given to the road surrounding the '"Maryland"' section of Hardelot. : LADY SYBIL GRIMSTON., Earl's Daughter Drops Society to be a Nurse. Lady Sybil Grimston, fifth daugh- ter of the Earl and Countessof Verulam, represents the new type of blue-blooded girl who is desirous of breaking away from aristocratic tradition. She is now training as a nurse for service in the London hospital, the biggest palace of pain in the metropolis, where more than oné high-born assistant has gone through the mill and learnt that a title is no defence against the rigor of discipline. "Nurse Grimsten,"' as she is called, will finish her preliminary instruction next week, when. she will be examined, and if she shows aptitude, will be admitted as a pro- bationer for a two years' course of training in the hospital itself- Among earls' daughters who have been to the fore in the nursing world are Lady Katharine Stan- hope, Lady Rosalind Northcote, Lady Griselde Cheape, and Lady Maud Keith-Faleoner. Queen Alex- andya's practical interest in nurs- ing has done much to encourage gently-nurtured women to adopt this profession, aud thev have also been influenced by the first-aid clas- ses held by Lady Esher at her house in Tilney Street. Lady Annesley is one of the best known of society nurses, and but for the fact that she is now married, would be still tending the sick and suffering in a ward of the City of Dublin Hospital. Relieved of that duty, she runs a village hospital in the grounds of her home in County Down. Lady Rosalind sady Hermione Dufferin's sister, have trained as nurses. Northcote, and Blackwood, Lord also been . eo PRODIGY AT ONE YEAR. On February 6, 1721, was born one of the most remarkable chil- dren who has ever lived, by name Christian Heinecker. His intellee- tual capacity was little short of miraculous. At ten months old he could accurately repeat from mem- ory every word that was said to him ;-at the age of one year he could converse most intelligently on the Pentateuch, and at three years of age he finished learning French, Latin, and the history and geogra- phy of the universe. His fame was Inoised abroad, and he was taken Oopenhagen, where the King of enmark was greatly interes in im. He was, however, of weakly stitution, and he died at the age h ¢ ¥ of four years. FAT CROPS CUAL-MASTE Her movements | NINETY PER CENT OF THE _ -VALUE 1S LOST. -- 3 P Scientist - Advances All-Electrical Scheme for Conservation of Coal. That the seer can be a man of affairs was shown by the eminent scientist, M. de Ferranti, in his presidential address to the British Electrical Engineers. Britain, he claims, wastes over 90 per cent. of the value of her coal and dissipates nearly the whole of its valuable by- products. FERTILIZER IN COAL-WASTE. The pressing problem of home- 'grown food, according to this pro- phet, is capable of being solved by means of electrical treatment. The land, in intensive cultivation, re- quires a liberal supply of chemical fertilizer, fixed nitrogen principally, and this is the chief constituent in the great coal waste. A system that would convert the whole of the coal now used for heat and power into electricity and that would recover its by-products at a comparatively small number of power stations, would adequately meet demands in the way of chemical action. REMARKABLE LAND TONIC. Fixed nitrogen in the forms of sulphate of ammonia, nitrate of so- da and nitrate of lime are most valuable fertilizers and enable land continually to produce the same erops with a greatly increased yield per acre. ; According to official report, Bri- tain now grows about 23 per cent. of the total wheat she uses and im- ports 77 per cent. Of barley she grows 59 per cent. and imports 41 per cent., and of eats 78 per cent. is home grown and 2 per cent. im- ported. To the cultivation of these crops 734 million acres were, last year, devoted. With a scientifis ap- plication of the fixed nitrogen fer- tilizer, Britain may look at no dis- tant date to an increased yield of 50 per cent. in these crops upon what is now being produced per acre. With the increased yields in- dicated, Britain could produce, on 11 million acres, corn crops suffici- ent for all her requirements. WEALTH GOES UP THE FLUE: The value of these additional crops would be about 58 millions sterling, based wpon the prices paid last year, and to this would have to be added the value of straw and other wheat by-products.» An abundance of fixed nitrogen is the one thing needful and an ample sup- ply of this fertilizer could be con- served from coal. Three million tons of sulphate of ammonia, or its nitrogen equiva- lent, should be available, under the all-electric scheme, in order to fer- tilize the land. This, if used over the whole of the 46% million acres now under cultivation, would give 143 pounds per acre. NERO Men QUEEN'S FAVORITE JEWEL. Fond of Diamond Necklace Pre- sented by Queen Victoria. A diamond brooch, avhich was King George's first present to her after they became engaged, is pro- bably the jewel the peal prizes most, at any rate she wears that and the diamond necklace present- ed to her by Queen Victoria often- er than any of her jewels. The necklace has a special place in her affections because Queen Victoria gave it to her on the oe- casion of her engagement to King George. The chain of pearls pre- sented to her Majesty, on her mar- riage, by the women of twenty- three English counties. is another highly valued piece of jewelry in the Queen's collection, Thirty thousand dollars were sub- scribed for the purchase of -- this beautiful gift, and its actual cost was $25,000, and the balance of the money was, at the Queen's request, presented to certain charities. These pearls are often worn by Queen Mary in the evening. femlccophiaecenind GD LIFTING-MAGNETS, The use of lifting-mapnets for quickly handling both raw and fin- ished iron and steel products is rapidly growing, and Mr, H, F, Stratton estimates that during 1910 $1,000,000. were saved in the iron ancl steel Industry by the emplay- ment of Sats magnets. He suggests the possibility of their use in the salvage of magnetic iron ore, sueh as abounds in Canada, and points out that they would serve both for handling the ore and making a pre- liminary separation from the non- ferric rock. Mr. Stratton notes - curious fact concerning the sfteet. INCREASING TWICE AS FAST AS BRITAIN, _ Yearly and Losing 25,000. The German Empire is increasing in population twice as fast as Great Britain, according to a return made to the Foreign Office. 'The German increase now amounts to about 1,000,000 a. year. Thirty years ago the emigration from Ger- many was more than 200,000 a year, Last year it was only 25,090, and is now only 0.39 per 1,000 of the population. Emigration from the British Isles, on the contrary, is still of large proportions. These conditions instead of being @ source of satisfaction to Ger many are coming to be considered a menace, The population is grow- ing so fast that the time is a proaching when the country wi not be able to take care of its own people. The question now pressi the Government is where will the surplus go? According to a blue book recently issued, Germany al- ready has 18,000,000 more popula- tion than the United Kingdom, tho figures for the principal Buropean countries being approximately a' follows: Russia Germany Austria-Hungary United Kingdom France ' aly vic. Boe ee Sa RUSSIA'S GAINS. The figures for Japan are 49,000,- 000. Russia has increased 28,000,- 000 in the last ten years, and the United States has incregsed 14,- 000,000 in the same period. Great Britain has no trouble in taking care of her surplus popule tien. She simply destributes it among her colonies, which lit stretched around the earth. Ger many has no colonies to speak of, and when her people emigrate the: must settle under a foreign flag a 80 are soon forever lost to the mo- ther land. ; The opportunity for colonization on a large scale is being eagerly sought by Germany, and many statesmen in Europe fear the con- sequences that are likely to ensue, they say, when Germany, in this: imperative search, runs counter to the territorial aims of the other great powers, which are deer guarding every unapproprited torri- tory on the globe. : GERMANY NEEDS COLONIES. feee oe Se KT 158,000,006 ¢0 wees B4,000;000 - 60,000,000 . 46,000,000 '40,000,000 « 35,000,00% agricultural classes &1 Germany ip- creased from 8,200,(%) to 9,900,000, 'or 20 per cent., wiile the indus- trial population increased from 8,- 000,000 to 14,700,000, or 85 per cent. During that period the population of the empire increased 36 per cent. The empire is now consum- ing 600,000 tons of wheat a year, of which 400,000 tons is home-grown. A survey of other crops shows Ger- many is now ceasing te be an agri- cultural nation because of its growth of population and industry.» Last year Germany imported $1,- 171,000,000 and exported $42,600, - 000 in raw materials; she imported $638,000,000 and exported 8169,- | 000,000 in food, luxuries and. cat- tle, and she imported $319,000,000 and exported -- $1,054,000,000 in manufactured goods. The balance | of trade was thus more than $900,- | 000,000 against the empire. These figures show, it is held in /Government ciroles, that Germany ;can maintain its population at home only by the extension of its foreign trade, whieh is most easily accom- plished through colonies. This pi- tuation is beginning to be realized in England, Pan and Italy. i GREAT AEROPLANE FACTORY. Experts are Planning to Build One in England. In the little suburban Village of Hendon, England, less shan seven miles, as the crow flies, from the Royal palace of Buckingham, Sir Hiram Maxum, because of his great love of peace, is planning to caine struct the most formidable ewmyll of destruction the world has ever seen, hoping they will make war impossible in a near future. On a smooth streteh of ground, cowie prising nearly 400 acres, Mr. Maxe in, Mr. Graham-White, and - Bloriot, working together for the first time, will erect the most up. to-date aeroplane fuctory in the world, in which aeroplanes are to be built, half a dosen of which will be enough to dofend the coast @ England against any attempted In the last =H: years the | - of the mysterious power of the mag- net upon the imagination of work- | men. Seeing great loads lifted | above their heads without any | mechanism to retain the weight, | they are much more careful to keep | from under, although the failure of) a magnet to hold its load is less frequent than the breaking of tackle in the older forms of con- voy ors, German attack and send the Kai. ger's F: ironclads to the bot tom of the North Sea with thou. sands of mon before they shall hava | been able to aim their guns, These three renowned experts will colla . borabe in the construction of nev types of aeroplanes, which will be built im the factory ane immediately testod on the neighborine aere drome by apecial pilots. The Fatherland is Gaining 1,000,000 ©