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l [JSP | | { & | 2x p . Milee | | uare | hi walt || t } | WBJ i{ } T__, | | ‘g}!m, F'” f .\: s NWO hi t Montessori schools are for preâ€" school children between the ages of three and seven. They were first developed by Maria Monâ€" tessori who in 1896, became the first woman in Italy to take the degree of Doctor of Medicine. In the same year, she was appointâ€" ed assistant at the Psychiatric Clinic in the University of Rome. During her frequent visits to the asylums she became interestâ€" ed in defective children and it became increasingly clear to her that mental deficiency was more of a pedagogical problem than a medical one. Following an intenâ€" sive study of the two French auâ€" thorities on feeble â€" mindedness, Jean Itard and Edourad Sequin, she opened her own orthophrenic school which she dedicated to the education of these unfortunate children. Under her direction the inferiâ€" or mentalities of these children developed to an amazing degree until they were eventually able to compete in examinations with normal children. But this success posed a new problem for Dr. Montessori. What was the value of an education that allowed norâ€" mal children to remain on such a low level? Resigning from her position as Director of the school, she devoted several more years to the study of philosophy and psyâ€" chology, while continuing her lectures at the University of Rome where she held the chair of Anthropology. All of this was by way of preparation for the work that lay mhead. â€" Well, if I had my time over again I would not waste it on words that mean very little to the young. I‘d put it to very iood use in a Montessori school. ut since time cannot be had over again, I shall make better use of it in the future by sendâ€" ing my grandchildren to a Monâ€" tessori school â€" that is, if 1 ever have any grandchildren. Dr. Montessori continued to devour all the studies on the subject, visited London and Paris to observe new methods and fiâ€" nally, gave herself up wholeâ€" heartedly to the actual teaching of the children. "If I had my time over again.| In . .." How often have you heard Rom that sentence or said it yqurself| wret when attempting to persuade the were young to remain in school or|care strike out for a degree? Yes, aske countless times. to w A New Look ... ... At Education Wadnesday: 11â€"6, Saturday; 1â€"5 a book may be read that can open the Bible for you 2340 Bloor Street, Wast Christian Science Reading Rocm You may have passed by this quiet I)lace many timesâ€"but neverhaveentered it. Yet here in this peaceful room, ready for you to read, is a book that has opened the Bible to thouâ€" sandsâ€"has made its promises practical and provable to them in their daily lives. It can do this for you. The place is the Christian Science Reading Room; the book, Science and Health with Key to the Scriptures by Mary Baker Eddy. Stop at a Christian Science Reading Room the next time you see one; read theBible and Science and Health in the quiet, undisturbed atmosâ€" phere your Christian Science neighbors have provided for iou. Borrow this book to take ome for leisure reading, free of charge.Or buy one for yourâ€" stlh _0 im in this quiet place... Hours: 11â€"6, also 7â€"9 by Joy McAllister T Liberty _ in a Prepared Environment you hilfl!‘lio:m was being cleared and the |_ This we shall do in next week‘s {column following what shail be my second visit to the school. (Meanwhile let us examine the {method in the light of its objecâ€" |tors; it has not existed without |criticism despite its obvious sucâ€" {eess, but this is mostly due to |lack of understanding. | First of all, it should be exâ€" |plained that these schools are (priva(el_\' run and educators selâ€" |dom take kindly to private eduâ€" ‘cational establishments. Furtherâ€" ‘more, they are expensive. It Among the discoveries made in Plained? The answer, states, ; / her "Cas dei Bambini" were the Mrs. Ross, lies in an examination | [« definite preferences of the chilâ€"|Of the true meaning of liberty. : 1 dren for work instead of play, Amongst the "Didactic Appaâ€"| |. order instead of disorder and "4448" explains Mrs. Ross, is a|:|, quiet instead of noise. The chilâ€" Set known as the Number Rods,| | ;. dren were found to possess a|this consists of ten rods of vany» | spontaneous interest in their iD& lengths, the smallest being|| work; once they became inter-"e“ centimetres long, and the| *_ ested there was little need for |ON&est a metre â€" the intermeâ€"|‘ . reward or punishments, They be-!dlif}’ ones form an ascending|>* gan reading at a very early age, Series varying by ten centimeâ€" Un But perhaps the most spectacul-"m yot ar, was the "writing explosion"} The purpose of these rods is\ Fo that took place without the chilâ€"‘to acquaint the child with the|ur dren being taught, once the "inâ€"|idea of number and in particular, \thg ner elements of preparation the numbers one to ten. To this| go were completed." |end the child is taught to use the CC Worldâ€"wide interest in her dis. r0ds in a particular way. By so pe coveries led Dr. Montessori to doing the rods assist him to gain| n formulate the results into a pracâ€" & Clear notion of number; and p, tical system embodying definite r?“’“ start him doing simple sums | pg, principles which when â€" once|in addition and subtraction. Thas June Ross, teacher and manâ€"|@d, if, for instance, he begins ager of a Montessori school in‘b“}ldm‘ a tunnel with 'hgm- or Oakville, and whose generous using one of them to ride a help is gratefully acknowledged)COCkâ€"horse on, then the apparaâ€" by this writer, believes that it is tus must be taken from him. not possible in a single article to| However, there is no objection give an adequate idea of the prinâ€"|to a child building a house or a ciples which underlie the Monâ€"{tunnel, says Mrs. Ross, but not tessori Method. In a romarkably{with those particular rods, beâ€" fine paper, prepared by her for cause they are of a special naâ€" the benefit of interested parents, ture, and destined for a special she states: |purpose, and so made that. used "If it were necessary to comâ€"|Tightly, they will bring about a press the description of the prinâ€" Certain intellectual development. "If it were necessary to comâ€" press the description of the prinâ€" ciples of the Montessori Method into a single phrase, perhaps the most comprehensive would be that it was a method based on "Liberty in a Prepared Environâ€" ment". Worldâ€"wide interest in her disâ€" coveries led Dr. Montessori to formulate the results into a pracâ€" tical system embodying definite principles which when â€" once known could be applied by trainâ€" ed teachers in varying crcumâ€" stances and under changing conâ€" ditions. She believes that one can but briefly point out some of the saâ€" lient characteristics and refer those who wish to go further to Dr. Montessori‘s own works and urge them to go and gee the method actually at work in a wellâ€"managed Montessori school. wretched and homeless children were collected into one spot to be cared for; Dr. Montessori was asked to supervise them. Eager to work with normal children, she readily consented and the reâ€" sults she obtained. within the short space of a year were clearâ€" ly remarkable. 1906 a slum disttict of cau Consumers (Has WATER HEATER No need to put up with this Incomâ€" venience any more . . . rent or buy a fast recovery, low cost gas water heater. Think of the times you‘ve had to postpone a bath, delay dishwashing and do the laundry in two shiftsâ€"simply because you didn‘t have enough hot water. 19 TORONTO S$T., TORONTO â€" ! _ But, M is T uts teachers may be & |apparatu {finitel_v 1 the child The same principle applies to the use of the other pieces of apâ€" paratus: the child must respect the end for which they are made. This refusal to allow the chilâ€" dren to play with the apparatus |in any way they like seems to some people in unwarrantable inâ€" terference with the liberty of the child. ! _ But, Mrs. Ross points out, this is r. Montessori‘s idea of liâ€" berty, She is very strict with her teachers irAinsisting that no child may be allowed to use any of the |apparatus wintil he has been deâ€" lfinitely taught the use of it, and the child mayf only/occupy itself Iwith it as lbfg he respects Ithat use. I On the ofi? hand, she insists that the child should have the liberty to choose from those pieces of apparatus of which he understands the use â€" this or that particular one he wants to work at (providing no other child is using it); but he mav only choose from amongst those which Dr, Montesorri insists that if the teacher finds the child is no longer using the rods for the purâ€" pose for which they were intendâ€" ed, if, for instance, he begins building a tunnel with them, or using one of them to ride a cockâ€"horse on, then the apparaâ€" tus must be taken from him. Howeygrt there is no objection Umbrella Cover â€" Want to look really swish when you carry your umbrella ‘just in case‘ those summer showers do come? For instructions on how to make this elegant, embroidered umbrella cover, send a stomped, selfâ€"addressed envelope to the Needlecraft Dept. of this paper and ask for Model No. 8061. he has learnt how to use. Mrs, Ross Claims that many of Dr. Montessori‘s own followers have grievously misunderstood her on this point, and done much harm to the movement by conâ€" fusing liberty with license and she quotes Dr. Montessori who insists that the freedom given to SUPERIOR DISCOUNT | YORKDALE 789 You d°"’tfh_a19 to Ififi% run out 0 uy HOT WATER! |rams 2 Cartion St. EM. 6â€"3054 _ 2970 Lakeshore Bivd. CL. 9â€"8416 2nd Mortgages For a FREE brochure on SUPERIOR mortgages, write, phone or visit the SUPERIOR office nearest you. Open daily to 5:30 p.m. Sat. tll 12 noon. Wed. to 8:00 p.m. Other evenings by appointment. 789â€"1879 â€" Daily to 8:00 p.m. Saturdoy to 4:00 27 SUPERIOR offices in Ontario THE REALTY DIVISION OF & Up to 80% of appraised property value e Terms up to 10 years & No hidden charges & No bonuses e No brokerage fees & You can prepay all or part at any time, without notice or penalty. count of n side the by Mrs R DIRECT LINE 362â€"3231 ) Cool chinos, crisp § poplins, i elastic 2 waist designs in j checks, patterns plaids & ploins. Sizes 3â€"6X. | 199 uw 249 1965 has been designated @5 also been donated by a shipping International Coâ€"operation YÂ¥e@r line. « by the United Nations, to help| Last week 25,000 books were bring about increased world ‘Oo-‘gonal.d by the Rotary Club of operation and understanding. Stratford, Ont. Many grateful The work done by the book cenâ€" letters are sent by those receivâ€" tre, in sending to other coun~|ing the books. tries, something that they wish Within a couple of weeks the to have, was cited by Mrs. Mcâ€" ‘organization will be opening a Farland as a practical example new warehouse in Vancouver. of the type of coâ€"oper@tion|Here in Toronto the book centre sought by the UN for this year.\needs books, money and volun It is hoped that other groups/teers to help at their warehouse. will follow this example and ‘The speaker was thanked by join am projects to promote Mrs G. Siple. Mrs. J. Rycroft ko wres l en e e e t 1 It is hoped that other gmups};.fl-l to will follow this example and: The 5; join in projects to promote Mrs. G. goodwill and understandmgjp,-“jd.d around the world. Ahormbicn Guest speaker at the meeting ftrom oversess report to the dtho!hwuhfifllt‘mmm-dmm thers Study Group on May 12 need for books in libraries and was Mrs. J. R. McFarland of the schoois of countries they have Overseas Book Centre, Tronto. |visited. Mrs. McFeriand spoke sbout! Books have been donated by the work in Toronto of the cenâ€" church groups, clubs, personal ton o is toopseRed BÂ¥ hE |donations. public lipraries and originators of which group were PUP!ishers Tes chests have been Dr. Roby Kidd, Mr. Harry given to this group fer their Campbell and Mj. Kurt Swinâ€" work by one of the grocery The centre started out by sending 1000 books to the West Indies and some to British Guiana. Travellers, returning Kingsway Baptist Mothers Group Guest Speaker _ Cites Book Centre As Example For ICY, 1965 SILVERT‘S Chinos, denims, â€"â€"â€" designed for extra hard wear. New -! ice cream colours â€"â€" solids or crisp summer patterms ************** save now while selection is complete NEW "CUTOFFS" and "KNEEâ€"KNOCKERS" Fresh and colourful â€" this seosons most exciting array of summer shorts just arrived at Silvert‘s â€" all quality guaranteed ot procticol prices. CGIRLS‘ 7â€"14 The latest fads in denim! Tough, goodâ€"looking, long wearing Novy denim for girls‘ sizes 8 to 14. Your best summer weor buy, CHILDRENS 2 â€" 6X 4 to 6X They‘re here â€" the newest rage in swimâ€" wear â€" the Helenca Stretch Tank suits â€" Solid shades and striking new patterns â€" see West Toronto‘s finest selection now! girls‘ stretch 2 PIECE Brief or Boxer styles like Dod‘s FANCY HELENCA SUITS A ia AYÂ¥ 2-99 © 14 A SILVERT‘S BOY‘S 2â€"6%X HELENCA TANK SUITS BATHING SUITS 8â€"14 4â€"6X _ uceCl TOIONTO‘S F\HEST AIKN( of ""le WT 1.99 and 2.99 2.99 to 4.99 is * SHORTS * SHORTS °* 8â€"14 4-99 99c to 1.99 presided at the meeting and the devotional was led by Mrs. J. Cholvat. Refreshments were served at the close of the meetâ€" ing by Mrs. J. D. Black, Mrs. R. Haskell and the committee. given to this group fer their work by one of the grocery chains and shipping space bas ENn (1 0 t o 99 es k tb Consumers Asso """"’““‘“"‘"wdn&u:t::n& meeting on chains and shipping space has| Monday evening, May 11. voted also been donated by a shipping|to commend manufacturers for ling. + marketing detergents in even Last week 25,000 books were|weights, something consumers gunalod by the Rotary Club of have long desired. tratford, Ont. Many grateful With the Branch President letters are sent by those receivâ€" Mrâ€" °. G. Carrier m&w ing the books. m ts instructed the Within a couple of weeks the|t: Mrs. W. P. Gillie, to write organization will be opening a‘Etobicoke Council to protest the new warehouse in Vancouver.‘return of ice cream vending Here in Toronto the book centre trucks to the streets of that area. THE BUY qQuaALITY USE YOUR CREDIT Cool crisp summer sets â€" easy care fabrics â€" mix ‘n‘ match colours â€" All guaranteed top quality â€" and look at these low prices! M 49 ia 2.99 From Tâ€"SHIRTS AND POP TOPS :§%35, SHORTS AND POPâ€"TOP SETS CHILDREN‘$ AND GIRLS‘ 719 to 1 The need for foot health inâ€" spection in the public schools was discussed. This is a problem brought to the members‘ attemnâ€" tion at one of the Humber Branch open meetings. Humber Branch draws . its members from the western secâ€" tion of Metro Toronto and vicinâ€" ity and has eight active units. CAC Protests : Ice Cream Vendors The Executive of the Humber 2869 LAKE SHORE BLVD. w (Cormer §th §t.) NEW TORONTO 70 LAKESHORE RD. £. PORT CREDIT only 17¢ PLASTIG PANTIES e