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g%; M ue o. .. m C ANS . prospect to the young people or even the men and women of mature years? And if not, why not? There is something radicalâ€" _ ly wrong with a people who are alâ€" ways trying to get away from nature, and her teachings. We talk a lot about the dear old farm, its swimming pools, the tin eup hung at the old, mossâ€"grown well, etc. But we are not satisfied to go back to that primitive style;. Many people think that is the kind of life a farmer livesâ€"all work and no play. It is electric light, steam heated rooms and modern appliances which makes work easy, that alâ€" lures us to the cities. . These things are attainable on the farm. But it costs a little effort to obtain them, a reâ€"adjustment of things, and we wouldâ€" A rather rush off to the ~city where 'someone makes a living providing these luxuries for us than obtain them for ourselves. If we are going to make Canada what she should be and what she is intended with all her reâ€" sources to be, the greater agriculturâ€" al nation of the day, we must startl at the bottom and build up.â€" Agsriâ€" us Exports of butter Exports of bacon Exports of CESS s e e ie en ind In 1900 Agricultural Education the few years it has been in operat The) increased prosperity has been has been overcome; emigration has in decades Ireland has shown an i What we are doing and what \ will have to be reservad faw 2 alll o RECONSTRUCTION oF FaRM LE 4at and wide these days of the scheme wax warm quence and cry aloud, "V keep more people on the is a question that must I a problem to be faced an fairly. Does the avera farm offer an alluring the voung naanla anlal2l ioi ind eomacicn i2 20. 0e M e woe s A2 JUORMarKk: Over 46,600 families are making a good living on from one and a third to seven and oneâ€"fifth acres of land. Within the last 30 years the increased yield of milk per cow has been 3000 lbs., an increase of $30,000,000 a year in butter. The number of milking cows has increased less than 16 per cent. and the value of butter exported has increased by more than 169 per cent. In 1908 the average yield of milk of the Danish cow was 6,170 lbs. In 1910 in the Isle of Fyen 20,000 cows ayâ€" erage 8,100 lbs. of milk each. I believe the average Ontario cow yields beâ€" tween 4000 and 5000 lbs. <©Thirty years of agricultural education in Denâ€" mark has produced the following growth: a iesd iqngl. ial s o0 O Crlla topbed, Denmark.of her two most fertile provinces, Schleswig and Holstein. A great part of the country left was sand that could not grow a blade of grass. Toâ€"day that soil raises over 40 bushels of wheat to the acre, ithe highest yield in the world.. The per capiâ€" ta wealth of Denmark is second only to that of England. There are no slums and no paupers in Denmark. Over A6â€"000â€" tommilsas aye s es _ en ie eiie n naa oo The value of this form of education may be see for other countries, e.g., Denmark and Ireland. In 1864 Germany and Austria robbed Denmark ied ces L9 ode Eria n e onl Ee Sn SVOC ie oieA eleneARd n wl snn db t ncan h efi m in t n urirrng tds Bm 2 sds in North Bay at from $5.00 to $6.00 a barrel. The farmer lost and the peoâ€" ple of North Bay were robbéd. In 1914 in some parts of the Niagara fruit district cherries sold for 15c a basket, and in some places adjacent to canâ€" ning factories that had closed down the cherry crop could not be sold at all. At the same time not a hundred miles away cherries were selling at from 45c to 60c a basket. At the present time we have enough potatoes in Canada for seed and for food until the new crop, and in addition 2,000,000 bushels. We could have potatoes at reasonable prices and spare Great Britain at least a million bushels to help meet the potato famine there. How many potatoes will Great Britain get from Canada? In New Ontario toâ€"day potatoes are sold f.o.b. for about $1.50 a bag. Middle men toâ€"day are makâ€" ing from $2.00 and upwards a bag. Some are making from $1,000 to $2,000 a week. Nineâ€"tenths of this is pure, unadulterated robbery and holdâ€"up. Add on freight, wholesale and retail profit and we buy potatoes from $4.50 up, illustrating the old dictumâ€"‘"You can fool all the people part of the time." . This state of affairs would be absolutely impossible in Denmark, Ireland or any other country with an efficient system of agricultural educaâ€" tion,. Agricultural education means reduction of the high cost of living. Unâ€" less it is considered a desirable thing to rob the people in order to enrich a handful of middlemen vampires, there is no justification. for this state of afâ€" fairs; any more than the delaying of spelling reform to please an insignifiâ€" cant handful of pendantic faddists, who rave about etymology, should cost the people of Canada millions a year and mean as Lord Bryce says the loss of "a vast deal to Rritish trade." Both are examples of Angloâ€"Saxon conâ€" servativitism that need a severe shock. f The great war has at last taught us the primary importance of agriculâ€" ture. The war is likely to be settled not by shells but by sheaves. It is reâ€" solving itself into a race of starvation between Germany and Great Britain. ‘Germany thought she was prepared to meet any emergency by her agriculâ€" tural efficiency. The exclusion of nitrates from South America, and the lack of men to work her potassium deposits has deprived her of fertilizers. Her harvests have failed and it is doubtful if she can hold out until the harâ€" vest of 1917. The British see gle folly of their past neglect of agriculture, and Lloyd George says "never again." In our frenzied attempts to use all ‘our vacant lots for food production we â€" are beginning to realize our own meglect and how our carelessness has been increasing the cost of living. Agriculture is the basal and vital industry of any country, and it might be well to listen to the verdict of Codnt Carl Moltke, Minister of Denmark to the United States when he said "Farming nowâ€"aâ€"days demands the application. ‘of modern methods as fully as any branch of manufacture; it has no use for the prin}ij:ive or the unintelligent. Hence a population that is going to make a success of farming is in greater need of education than a manufacâ€" turing population, because while the latter can be directed by a few shinâ€" ing lights in the community, the farmer is more isolated and has to depend much more on his own resources than does his industrial brother." popu Agricultural education is generally defined as a course of study and training that will prepare men and women for rural life. This definition is incomplete, as there is a very important phase of agricultural education which is suitable for urban life. This will be referred to later. At present the aim is to instruct the men in field husbandry, animal husbandry, dairyâ€" ing, Horticulture, beeâ€"keeping and in coâ€"operative selling and buying, as well as other branches of farm economics. For women and girls the course proâ€" vides instruction in laundry work, cooking, needleâ€"work, millinery, health, including sick nursing; poultry, dairying, landscape. gardening. For both sexes physical culture, games and sports and rural problems. Back to the land!" Humanity is very slow to move. Angloâ€"Saxon humanity is especially slow and conservative. It takes a long era of education to open the eyes of raen to the absurdity or danger or loss of some features of national life. Then after all the fallacies have been exposed, and all the soâ€"called defensive arâ€" guments have been demolished over and over again, it generally requires some great crisis to arouse men to action. The abolition of the Corn Laws in England hastened by the potato famine in Igeland, and the abolition of slavery in the United States are typical examples. Spelling Reform, Agriâ€" cultural and Industrial Education are typical present day problems. They are all of supreme and vital importance to Canada and the Empire; and yet they are each hindered by a vast amount of indifference and ignorance. The object of these articles is in a humble way to do a little preliminary educational work, and to help bring in the day when things will come to their ewn. The present war promises to be theâ€"crisis that will lead to effective and successful action. SOME OUTSTANDING EDUCATIONAL PROBLEMS SESRTeTE «200 CAU tcome; emigration has practically ceased; an reland has shown an increase of population. e are doing and what we might do for agr be reserved for a future article. aloud, ‘"Why 20U0, â€" Why can‘t we ¢ on the land?" This t must be answered, faced and dealt with average Canadian is the cry flung ILâ€"AGRICULTURAL EDUCATION What is Agricultural Education? Advocates in their eloâ€" up. . Agriâ€" 1pires, there is no justification for this state of afâ€" delaying of spelling reform to please an insignifiâ€" faddists, who rave about etymology, should cost ions a year and mean as Lord Bryce says the loss trade." Both are examples of Angloâ€"Saxon conâ€" (Continued from last week) Denmark and Ireland cation was undertaken seriously operation â€" it has produced mar been remarkable. The exodus $6.00 a barrel. The farmer lost and the peoâ€" __In 1914 in someâ€"parts of the Niagara fruit basket, and in some places adjacent to canâ€" down the cherry crop could not be sold at undred miles away cherries were selling at Its Importance on our escutcheon, ~we have ruined the land, robbed it of its fertlity beâ€" cause we wanted quick returns, and when it refused to respond we left it like a spoiled child throwing away the toy it is tired of. Our farms are overrun by weeds, which sap the land of its vitality and strength. . This is preventable but the problem is how to get the knowledge of weed eradica~ tion to the man who runs the plow. The only way to do this is to educate the child. Give him a true value and conception of rural life. : Show him that every bushel of €rain he producâ€" es is helping to build a better and stronger nation. No nation is ever stronger than its countcy life, 2 naâ€"~ tion of cities is doomed. then come back to the farm, use the machinery his grandfather had, and when he wants to put some of his newly acquired knowledge into pracâ€" tice, tell him you don‘t want any of his new flangled ideas. . When we conâ€" sider that Ontario alone includes over 230 million acres of land, of which only 13% millions are under cultivaâ€" tion, we realize the vast opportuniâ€" ties we are letting slip away. We have not yet begun to farm.. This problem should be taken up in our public schools. It should be a ration wide scheme to teach agriculture in every public school in the rural secâ€" tions at any rate. Our deserted farms on our escutcheon, ~we have ruined nmsepe ds Pad I on d oe io en ESCeC candâ€".expect them to learn farming in a three year course with all kinds of modern maâ€" chinery and books at their command, produced ma,rve‘llous results seen from what it for agricultural education be a part of the child‘s beginning. Do not wait )t girl has reached the 2, then send them off to exodus from therlâ€"a-nd ; and for the first time 1881 9,200,000 2,000,000 300,000 1910 $ 50,500,000 34,000,000 7,000,000 by Ireland. In has done Enslaved by Cigarettes. "I have found that cigarette smoking is one of the worst habits a growing boy can acquire. It hinders his growth, it reâ€" tards his intellectual development, and worst of all, it weakens his will, and thus renders him less capable of reâ€" sisting temptation to evil courses.â€" The Superintendent of New York City Schools. No human soul can go down until he starts down. Hé never can start down until he takes his first step down. We are not often called upon to decide in a single moment whether we shall become great criminals. We are called upon every day to decide whether we shall take a step in that direction. It is the first step that ought to be our‘ concern. Remember the swimmers everywhere in the great Sea of life who so confidently swam beâ€" yond their strength. Overconfidence is the forerunner of disaster. Be afraid of the first step down!â€"Condensed from ‘"‘The Youth‘s Companion.‘" . tae Signature of Beware of the First Step. Every boy has been some wretched drunkard, with his bleared eyes and broken gait, his rags and filth, shamelessly and pitifully pleading for a few pennies with which to buy a drink. No one can look on that sight, common as it is without a shudder. Yet there was a time when every such pitiful being was free from. the desire for drink. For a time he took his glass in moderâ€" ation until suddenly a hidden inheritâ€" ance from some ancestor, hitherto unâ€" suspected, awoke in him and drove him headlong. No one knows whether that taint is in hisâ€"blood.. Â¥Yet everyâ€" where men are saying, "O, I shall never be a drunkard! I can take care of myself." So it was with the good swimmers thought as they swam to a point beâ€" yond their strength. So it was that poor wretch thought in the days when he drankâ€"before it was too late. Always bears Japan has issued a striking poster of such slaves. It is entitled ‘"‘The Grand Procession of the Victims, of Alcohol.". Emerging from a huge barrel is a long line of people marchâ€" ing past under the lash of ‘"The evil spirit of alcohol.". The various groups are numbered, and at the bottom of the poster they are described as crimâ€" inals, paupers, insane, consumptive, depraved students, warriors and genâ€" tlemen, and corrupt members of parâ€" liament. For Infants and Children In Use ForOver 30 Years Enslaved by drink. The forms of sin are innumerable, and all sin, Jesus said, enslaves. But there is ane parâ€" ticular form of sin which by common consent we speak of as enslaving, and that is drunkenness.. A drunkard is the slave of his appetite, we say. And what bondage is his! Selfâ€"respect, honor, . willâ€"power, money, health, friends, moral and spiritual lifeâ€"all are shackled by one who becomes this sort of slave. So it is fitting tnat this lesson should be chosen for our quart= erly temperance lesson. CASTOR 1A Slaves are very different from serâ€" vants. A servant receives pay for his work and can leave when he chooses. But a slave is the property of his master, and the master can sell, beat, or illâ€"treat him as he wishets. Anyâ€" thing tha/t gets the mastery of people enslaves them. Evil habits indulged until they enslave the will. Strong drink makes slaves of many who take it. They want it more and more, until their will power is quite overcome by it, and say and do things they never would if they were not enslaved by strong drink. 58. "Before Abraham was, I am." Obserye that he does not say, Before Abraham was, I was. He did not claim priority of human existence; He claimed eternal existence, equality with God. He appropriated to Himself the name by which God had revealed Himself to Moses, I AM, Ex. 3:14. The Jews emphasized the val\ue of anyâ€" thing by asserting its preâ€"existence: in this way they spoke of their Law and of their Temple, not meaning that either had always existed, but that each was of unspeakable value. In a similar ‘way, I think, Jesus asserted his value, His oneness with the Father. 57. "The Jews therefore said" Possiâ€" bly they understood Jesus‘ remarks as a claim that he was living on the earth in the time of Abraham, but more probably they only affected such an understanding. 37. "Yet ye seek to kill Me." Alâ€" though lineal descendants of Abraham their desire to kill Him, the promised seed of Abraham, proved them to be no true children of Abraham.. . 56. "Your father Abraham rejoiced to see My day." Abraham‘s great distincâ€" tion, that which was counted unto him for righteousness, was . his abiding aithf in the promise made to him, that from his, race should .come One who would be a blessing to all the nations of the earth. He rejoiced in the cerâ€" tainty of the fulfilment of the promise, rejoiced to see the day of Christ.â€" "And he saw it, and was glad." He saw in prophetic vision. ‘"We are Abraham‘s seed." They had been in turn in â€" bondage to Syria. Egypt and Babylon, and were still in subjection to Rome, but their pride is touched, and they declare themselves superior to the Romans to whom they were politically enslaved. The freedom of which Jesus spoke was the freedom from, the slavery of sin. ‘"Everyone who committeth sin is the bondservant of sin.‘" "If ye abide in My Word." See John. 15.7. If you surrender yourself quite to My guidance and take My teachings as the standard of your conductâ€" ‘"‘Then are ye truly My disciples." It was not enough for them to believe that he spoke the truth; they must follow His teachings and accept Himâ€" self as their Messiah. ‘"Ye shall know the truth and the truth shall make you free." They were bondservants to sin. On the first day of the feast of tabernacle the two large candlesticks in the court of the Temple were lightâ€" ed in memory of the pillar of fire in the Wilderness, and Jesus chose it as a fitting time to speak of Himself as the Light of the World. ‘"‘Those Jews that had , believed Him." Who had believed that He was the Messiah. Golden Text.â€"‘"If the Son therefore shall make you free, ye shall be free indeed."â€"John 8$:36. JESUS SAVES FROM SINâ€" TEMPERANCE LESSON. SUNDAY SCHOOL LESSON JOHN 8:12; 28â€"37. 56â€"59 THE TIMES & GUIDE, WESTON. WEDNESDAY, MARCH 14, 1917 If you can‘t enlist, then invest or aid production SECCEESSCCodcEceccoccoccEceEcoccococecececceEcEcecEcss ® Issue of $150,000,000 5% Bonds Maturing 1st March, 1937 SsSSgSssSsg@s6SSSsSSSSSSSO90GS0sSOOOgOEEEssSSOEEEcESSS3793â€"®â€" DerartuzrnTt or FEimancs®, Orrawa, March 12th, 1917 Do YoU Know Do YoU Know THERE‘S DANGER IN SIGHTâ€"BUT YOU CAN HELP Do YoU Know THE FACTORY She must have Food BRITAINâ€" When the scrip certificates have been paid in full and payment endorsed thereon by the bank receiving the money, they may be exchanged for bonds, when prepared, with coupons attached, payable to bearer or registered as to principal, or for fully registered bonds, when prepared, without coupons, in accordance with the application. y Scrip certificates, nonâ€"negotiable or payable to bearer in accordance with the choice of the applicant for registered or bearer bonds, will be issued, after allotment, in exchange for the provisional receipts. Subscriptions must be for even hundreds of dollars. In case of partial allotments the surplus deposit will be applied towards payment of the amount due on the April instalment. Forms of application may be obtained from any branch in Canada of any chartered bank and at the office of any Assistant Receiver General in Canada. This loan is authorized under Act of the Parliament of Canada, and both principal and interest will be a charge upon the Consolidated Revenue Fund. Subscriptions, accompanied by a deposit of ten per cent of the amount subscribed, must be forwarded through the medium of a chartered bank. Any branch in Canada of any chartered bank will receive subscriptions and issue provisional receipts. The instalments may be paid in full on the 16th day of April, 1917, or on any instalment due. date thereafter, under discount at the rate of four per cent per annum. All payments are to be made to a chartered bank for the credit of the Minister of Finance. Failure to pay any instalment when due will render previous payments liable to forfeiture and the allotment to cancellation. Tmr MinistEr or FiNnancEr offers herewith, on behalf of the Government, the aboveâ€"named Bonds for Subscripâ€" tion at 96, payable as follows:â€" 10 per cent on application; 30 _ * 16th April, 1917; § 230 . :!j 15th May, 1917; ' 50 â€"¢ 15th June, 1917. The total allotment of bonds of this issue will be limited to one hundred and fifty million dofars, exclusive of the amount (if any) paid for by the surrender of bonds as the equiyalent of cash under the terms of the War Loan prospectus of 22nd November, 1915. Canada to Britain = = India & Argentina to Britain Australia to Britain mmeaeesens India and Argentina are more than twice the distance away and Australia more than four times. that a "food famine‘‘ would be a worse disaster to the Em?ire and her Allies than reverses in the Field ? that a worldâ€"wide famine can only be averted by increasing this supply ? that the rapidly rising price of food stuffs means that the World‘s reserve supply is getting small ? BRITAIN Aapprars to CANADA DOMINION DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE OT T AW A THE NEAREST PRODUCER OF STAPLE FOODS SUBSCRIPTION LISTS WILL CLOSE ON OR BEFORE THE 23rd OF MARCH, 1917 DOMINION OF CANADA for her Armies in the Fieldâ€"for her Workers in the Factoryâ€"in the Munition plantâ€"in the Shipyardâ€"in the Mine. A FULL HALFâ€"YEAR‘S INTEREST WILL BE PAID ON 1st SEPTEMBER, 1917 THE PROCEEDS OF THE LOAN WILL BE USED FOR WAR PURPOSES ONLY. Payable at par at Ottawa, Halifax, St John, Charlottetown, Montreal, Toronto, Winnipeg, Regina, Calgary, Victoria, and at the Agency of the Bank of Montreal, New York City. INTEREST PAYABLE HALFâ€"YEARLY, 1st MARCH, 1st SEPTEMBER. PRINCIPAL AND INTEREST PAYABLE IN GOLD. â€" _ Epymipiryyriariupee The Department invites every one desiring information on any subject relative to Farm and Garden, to writeâ€" INFORMATION BUREAU WAR LOAN ISSUE PRICE 96. AND REMEMBER YoOU CAN YoU CAN that no man can say that he has fully done his partâ€"who having landâ€"be it garden patch, or farm, or ranchâ€"fails to make it produce food to its utmost capacity. do this by helping to make every bit of land in Canada produceâ€"the very last pound of food stufifs of which it is capable. help thwart Germany‘s desperate subâ€" marine thrust on the high seas. 6000 MILES 2625 MILES Recognized bond and stock brokers having offices and carrying on business in Canada will be allowed a commisâ€" sion of threeâ€"eighths of one per cent on allotments made in respect of applications bearing their stamp, provided, however, that no commission will be allowed in respect of the amount of any allotment paid for by the sutrender of bonds issued under the War Loan prospectus of 22nd November, 1915, or in respect of the amount of any allotment paid for by surrender of five per cent debenture stock maturing 1st October, 1919. No commission will be allowed in respect of applications on forms which have not been printed by the King‘s Printer. Application will be made in due course for the listing of the issue on the Montreal and Toronto Stock Exchanges. The books of the loan will be kept at the Department of Finance, Ottawa. Subject to the payment of twentyâ€"five cents for each new bond issued, holders of fully registered bonds without coupons will have the right to convert into bonds of the denomination of $1,000 with coupons, and holders of bonds with coupons will have the right to convert into fully registered bonds of authorized denominations without coupons at any time on application to the Minister of Finance.. The interest on the fully registered bonds will be paid by cheque, which will be remitted by post. Interest on bonds with coupons will be paid on surrender of coupons. Both cheques and coupons, at the option of the holder, will be payable free of exchange at any branch in Canada of any chartered bank, or at the Agency of the Bank of Montreal, New York City. 7 The bonds will be paid at maturity at par at the office of the Minister of Finance and Receiver General at Ottawa, or at the office of the Assistant Receiver General at Halifax, St. John, Charlottetown, Montreal, Toronto, Winnipeg, Regina, Calgary or Victoria, or at the Agency of the Bank of Montreal, New York City. The issue will be exempt from taxesâ€"including any income taxâ€"imposed in pursuance of legislation enacted by the Parliament of Canada. The bonds with coupons will be issued in denominations of $100, $500, $1,000. Fully registered bonds without coupons will be issued in denominations of $1,000, $5,000 or any authorized multiple of $5,000. Delivery of scerip certificates and of bonds will be made through the chartered banks: «No matter what difficulties may face us, the supreme duty of every man on the land is to use every thought and every energy in the direction of producing moreâ€"and still more." Martin Burrellâ€"Minister of Agriculture. BUTTER, PoOULTRY, BEANS & PEAS, WOOL, FLAX AND FLAX FIBRE, WHEAT, OATS, BACON, CHEESE, THESE FARM PRODUGTS ARE NEEDED FOR EXPORT DRIED VEGETABLES THE FARM EGGS, BEEF, PAGE THREE @3 ‘od: Sm Fxe Te ?fl;‘“ ’fl;;i“j Shoe