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i | | A+ Handel Handel was born about one month @arlier than the great J. S. Bach in the year 1685 and lived 74 years, his father was a barber, and was strong against Handel being a musician. It was his desire that young George should be a lawyer. He was not alâ€" fowed. to attend school because he would be taught the scale, but someâ€" how a small piano called a spinet was smuggled: up into the garret, and George learned to play while his faâ€" ther was at work. Handel was re%- agnized as a great composer,and when E tell you that he wrote 321 musical works, it seems hardly believable, and included in this was the priceless heriâ€" tage, ‘‘The Messiah." I trust that every music student will hear this work, it is the "King of oratories." The former part of Handel‘s life was taken up in the writing of operas, of which he wrote 41. Then in deep disâ€" guest at his own bankruptcy brought about by an opposing element, who pushed to the front an important muâ€" sician named Bononcini, Handel gave up operas and took to writing oratorio, ‘ for which we know his fame as a genius rests. Later Bononcini had | #o leave London, having been discovâ€" | ared in a dishonorable effort of claimâ€" | ing another‘s composition as his own, amd Handel was left master of the . Eeld. } The father of instrumentation is Monteverde. He was the first to put character to the orchestra. To the opera ‘‘Orfeo" he collected an â€"orâ€" ehestra of more than $0 instruments. Monteverde is the man that invented the tremolo and pizzicato in violin f)laying. His orchestra consisting of such instruments as flutes, lutes, viols, harpsichords or spinet, and the erchestra was always placed behind the scenes. So far all operas had been performed in large houses or. eastles, and not until opera was im vogue thirtyâ€"seven years, was an @pera house built. ‘The first opera house was built in Venice, and from this time on the growth of opera spread into other large cities, particuâ€" larly Vienna and Paris, Tulli A boy named Lulli_ was brought from Italy when a child and worked fin Paris in the kitchen of the niece ef Louis XIV., later being dismissed,l Bis musical ability earned for him a position ‘as violinist in the King‘s‘ band. He afterwards became the greatest musiclan of that time. Lul-: ti wrote 20 operas in less than that mumber of years, and he is regarded‘ as the originator of the overture. He is (also called the father of Grand | Opera and is important as having put the French school on a firm basis. ; #a." They talked of the ancient Greeks and of the Romans who sang their tragedies throughout on the stage, accompanied by an orchestra ef lyres and flutes. This group â€" of men thought it would be a great thing and worth effort to revive that same kind of stately entertainment, Renuccini One man of this company named Renuccini, wrote a story for a drama and named it "Dafne" and produced it at the house of Count Corsi, but the score has been lost. Three years Iater the same man, Renuccini, wrote another poem, the story of a musicâ€" ian named .Orpheus and the opera was named "Eurydice." Two musiâ€" eians of the company, Peri and Cacâ€" eini, wrote music to it, but the music of Peri was considered most approâ€" priater: This opera, ‘"‘Eurydice," is considered the first opera ever writâ€" ten, and was presented at the festiviâ€" ties to celebrate the marriage of Henâ€" . ®y IV. of France to Marie di Medici. [ @f this opera we know very little conâ€" ; @erning the costumes they wore or the stage setting, but we do know that the composer sang the hero‘s role, and back of the stage Signor Corsi preâ€" sided at the harpsichord. This little gathering of men who worked out this opera intended it to be a revival ef Greek musical work, but in place ®f that they unknowingly became the originators of opera as we have it toâ€" «day. Eurydice contains the great principle of the modern opera. Reâ€" muccini, seven years later, wrote the librettos for the operas "Arianna‘" and "Orteo". The music was written . by Monteverde. (. E No. VII.â€"The Opera ( Gluck The opera is a dramatic entertainâ€"; )Another man I wish to speak of is ment of which musiq forms an es_[(:luck, a great original thinker, He , sential, and not meéerely an aocessory.'made some changes in opera. He part. Music and acting have been asâ€" [ was born in 1714 in Bohemia, but sociated from the very early sa\'ageJ studied opera in Italy, but the later days when the music was only _ the gpart of his life was spent in Paris. beating of the tomâ€"tom, and the actâ€" 1 Gluck broadened out opera, also makâ€" ing was the wild movement of the ing the oyerture convey the characâ€" war:dance.. We now regard opera as|ter of the play to the ‘spectator. a great display "of action, beautiful!AgainSt Gluck was placed another muâ€" scenic effect, a big orchestra and Sictian named Piccini. In 1776 this fine singing. The aim of the opera n and his party sought to oppose is to interpret the drama, yet there is Gluck by introducing the old form of ' little speaking and much singing. Italian opera. He aroused great senâ€" There are various forms of.opera, and Sation and considerable party feeling. I will mention just the most important , The musical world was split into two â€"Opera ballad, sentimental; opera powerful parties, Gluckists and Picâ€" buffa, comic or low comedy; opera Cinists, and there was a great fight, @ramatic, romantic; grand opera, all Although no record of actual spilling singing, full orchestra, â€" high musical of blood. This is the way it was setâ€" @baracter. |ted: Each composer to write the muâ€" _ Away back in the 16th century in Sical part to the opera called ‘"Iphiâ€" a begutiful city of Italy called Florâ€" Senia in Tauris," and the music conâ€" enee, a few gentlemen gathered toâ€" Sidered the most appropriate would gether toâ€"discuss how to discover or be pronounced the "winner of the vecover the music of the ancient Greek (JAYy." Gluck produced his opera . in | drama, which had been lost for many 1779, and proved his masterpiece, Picâ€" |â€" centuries. The names of these genâ€" Cini‘s appeared sometime later and |â€" tlemen were Galileo, father of the as. Suffered sadly by comparison. tronomer, Caccini, Peri Strezzi, Renâ€"| Wagner o meécini and some others. They met at: OPera cannot be spoken without| the palace of Giovanni Bardi, and the: name of Wagner. Wagner is 3 they called themselves ‘"La Cameraâ€" §POoken of as the reformer of opera. | _ #a." They talked of the ancient He made it more real. He arranged | . Greeks and of the Romans who sang that music be set to words and not | * their tragedies throughout on the WOrds to music. Wagner is the most | stage, accompanied by an orchestra !mportant figure in all the, three | _ f No. VII.â€"The Opera The opera is a dramatic entertainâ€" ment of which musiq forms an esâ€" sential, and not merely an accessory part. Music and acting have been asâ€" sociated from the very early savage days when the music was only the beating of the tomâ€"tom, and the actâ€" ing was the wild movement of the war:dance.. We now regard opera as| a great display <of action, beautiful,I scenic effect, a big orchestra and| fine singing. The aim of the opera is to interpret the drama, yet there is little speaking and much singing.‘ There are various forms of.opera, and I will mention just the most important ; â€"Opera ballad, sentimental; opera buffa, comic or low comedy; opera a@ramatic, romantic; grand opera, all © singing, full orchestra, high musical ebaracter. [ Monteverde ) temporaneous background remarka When the altar fires of a nation go out, when homespun religion in Amâ€" erica is supplanted by religion a la mode, when the soul of the nation is lostâ€"then will come the deluge. Sin, not material weakness, is the arch enemy of a nation. We hold the balâ€" ance of power in the worldâ€"by wealth. No nation ever became so wealthy before and survived the load of its own wealth. The letter from which this text was written has a conâ€" That there is a freer, less pharisa~â€" ical religion to be found outside the organized church body is a popular conception which the ministry has generously conceded or willingly alâ€" lowed to go unchallenged. Dr. Wisâ€" hart, the recently elected president of Worcester University, . made the best epigrammatic statement regarding this I have heard: "There is plenty of religion outside the church, and there is plenty of heat outside the stove. But when the fire goes out the heat is gone." Besides seeking a common salvation in Christ, the church has a priceless value to everyday life in creating ideals, supplying motives and directâ€" ing energies and aspirations. to the men who refuse to submit to command, preferring to fight in their own way as soldiers of fortune. They often put up a brave fight, but they are not a part of the uniformed host of the Captain® of our Salvation. Guerrilla warfare lacks in spirit of coâ€" operation what it lacks in science. And the Lord‘s Prayer is not an individualâ€" istic. prayer. . _ The strength of the church is mainâ€" tained by united worsghip, mutual prayers, common labors and material sacrifice. In union and harmony there is strength, and especially in the church. well as in. They may be lilzened } But in qrder to fulfil the mission that Christ lays upon every one of us the members of the home church must unite with the community church. Here it is that we gather around the great table of our Host and Saviour, Jesus Christ. His comâ€" monwealth is the united homes, of which He is Head. He who does not unite with the organized church memâ€" bership, good and bad as they are, is not taking his place in the rank: and file of Christ‘s army. Men often say, and as if it were original with them, that it is possible for them to be Christian outside the church as Miamtcati ul @90 â€" scett 220 â€". REaved‘" TOFr In the homes of the first Christians. Notâ€" able among them is the house of Steâ€" phanas, that set itself to ministering to the saints. Our religion is peculiarâ€" ly a home religion, and it is at the hearth where the nation and church of America is rooted deepest. References in Scripture to the ‘"church that is in thy house‘"‘ ocâ€" cur often enough to warrant Biblical basis for a religious sect whose memâ€" bers would worship only in one anâ€" other‘s homes. Such a sect â€" would have more Biblical authority than the majority of religious sects now in exâ€" istence. There are many other inferâ€" ences that the church was first fosâ€" tered, organized and prayed for in Paul, a prisoner of Jesus Christ, and Timothy our brother,: â€"â€" . ).. . qnito Philemon our dearly beloved, .. . and to the church that is in thy house.â€"Philemon, verses 1 and 2. THE CHURCH THAT In closing, it will be seen‘ that Italy is first responsible for opera and Italy is justly proud of the honor,f also that Verdi, the grand old man in opera of the 19th century, is an Italian. Verdi was born in 1814 afnd died 1901. \He wrote many operas and his opera Fallstaff is supposed to be his masterpiece and was written when 80 years of age. Music and Religion hundred years of opera. He brought music to its true purpose to support the poem to strengthen the expresâ€" sion and feeling. The world is willing to say that the art for which the nineteenth century will doubtless be remembered is the musical and draâ€" matic art of Richard Wagner: Smomopoonionodoinionnuniiunini AaAnaiy en oo on oc ons A Special Series of Articles on UnUSUoUol PROF. C. C. LAUGHER MUpUuUBUZUIUIUSUSUIUNUSUTUUUUIUZIUIUIUTIUSUNIUT IOnom MUSIC IS IN THY HOUSE By d UuUiU nopOuntDnuonenT Cornelius was eagerly waiting for the message that should bring him salvation. He â€"calculated when, his messengers would get â€"back with Peâ€" ter, and was waiting when they arâ€" rived. He was not content to learn the way of life by himself alone: he gathered together his kinsmen and near friends to hear with him these supremely important words that had power to save. Cornelius had much to learn; he fell down to worship Peâ€"â€" ter. But not for one moment will Peâ€" ter accept that which belongs to God alone. God had taught Peter anâ€" other great lesson, viz., not to call any man common or unclean. Have we, _too, learned that lesson? Peter said he had come without talking back‘ as soon as he was sent for. Do we always come at once without talkingl back as soon as God sends for us?l Cornelius goes over the familiar story, ( again emphasizing the fact that it| was while he was praying that the heavenly visitant came (cf. Dan. 9:21; : Iin. 1:;> 10â€"11; 3:21â€"29; 9: 209). Deeply : suggestive is the statement of Corneâ€": lius regarding himself and his friends| (v. 33). That is the way to learn (1) to come into the presence not merely , of the man who is speaking as God‘s‘ messenger, but into the presence of God Himself. (2) To come "to hear." l (3) To hear ‘"all things." (4) To hear that which is commanded â€" of the' Lord and not merely the man‘s own thoughts. It would be a great thing | if all our Sunday congregations could honestly say what Cornelius here says. II. Gentiles Baptized with the Holy / Spirit, 44â€"48. |. Lesson text: Ac. 10: 30â€"48. (Read Ac. 10; 1â€"11: 18,; Bs. 67). Time: A.D. 40. Place: Caesarca. Exposition: I. Cornelius‘ Eagerness to Learn the Truth, 30â€"33, Golden text; "The same Lord over all is rich unto all that call upon him."â€"Rom. 10;: 12. Christianity, patriotism, loyalty, beâ€" gin in the home. The home has been hit the hardest in these days. And the clearing house, the assembly of souls, the Christian body politic, is the church. How is it with the church that is in thy house? The book of Philemon is one chapâ€" ter long. Read it and you will see how the Bible is called the charter of all free peoples. Do you see how slaâ€" very was dealt a blow by this single story of Onesimus that no army could deal? Read the names within the twentyâ€"five verses: Philemon, a first century millionaire; Timothy, a young Greek; Apphia, a woman of high soâ€" cial caste;. Archippus, a Roman cavalâ€" ryman; Onesimus, a Phrygian slave; Epaphras of Collosae; Marcus, a Cypâ€" rian chronicle keeper; Lucas, a phyâ€" sician; Aristarchus, a Thessalonian; Demas, an unknown follower, and Paul, the apostle of Jewry. And what binds them together? Christ. Here is a league of nations! And the whole current of these traditions flows through the home, â€" a_.leaven amonrg nations. There lies the misfortune, luck, Fault is the word dealt with as sin I say of the mien? Morality is perâ€" ishing through the want of good men. It is our fault and not our misfor. tune, therefore, that. our republic is now. but & tradition and a nama" Sin is the arch enemy of the home, ‘ church and nation toâ€"day. The everâ€" lasting Hun, or Satan, take your choice; call it weakness, mistake, erâ€" wor, propaganda, or what not. And, thus being camouflaged; sin. ‘stalks the avenues of the ‘repubgic, a welcome guest or a supposedly harmless abâ€" normality. Cicero has . pronounced our judgment in pronouncing Rome‘s: "What now survives of that primitive morality which Ennius described as the safeguard of Rome? What shAll day.. The background of the book of Philemon is gone and the purity of the religion has endured. . Here was a nation within a nation. The Chrisâ€" tian body politic. This was not a parasite within the empire of Rome, but a heart.. The heart lived on and the flesh is gone. Sin is the arch enemy of the home, R. Lincoln Long, Pastor of the Collingwood Avenue Presbyterian Church, Toledo, Ohio. bly like that of have sped, To vanished joys be blind and d and dumb; My judgments seal the dead past w its dead, But never bind. a moment yet come. R Laugh like Wail not for precious chance away, % Weep not for golden ages wane! Each night I turn the record dayâ€"â€" At sunrise every soul is bor They do me wrong who say I come no more _ 5 When once I knock and fail to find you in; For every day/I stand outside your door And bid you wake and rise to fight and win: _ y PETER AND CORNELIUS The Sunday School e that of the Christianity of toâ€" The background of the book of a tradition and a name." ltes the rub. â€" We speak of luck, exterior â€"influences. word, but best known and a precious chances passed boy Opportunity soul is born again the records of the it Selected Poems," Walter Malone splendors on the "God anointed Jesus with the Holy Spirit and power." (4) Jesus was eruâ€" cified. Peter does not enter here inâ€" | to the doctrine of the atonement. He believed in the doctrine of redempâ€" tion and substitution (eto1â€"Pet.: 1: 18. 19; 2: 24), but he did not preach it at this time, for he was not so much ' seeking to bring Cornelius to believe some truth about Jesus noâ€" matter | how important that truth might be, as to bring Cornelius to believe in Jeâ€" Isus Himself. (5) God raised up Jeâ€" | sus from the dead the third day. Peâ€" | ter did not preach the resurrection of | Jesus as a theological theory, but as !‘ a fact of which he was an eyeâ€"witness. | (6) Jesus ‘"‘is ordained of God to be ‘the judge of qauick and dead." (7.)) ! Through the name of Jesus (i.¢., beâ€" cause of what Jesus is and has done) ‘ ‘‘every one that believeth on Him shall receive remission of sins." This |last statement made the way of salâ€" l vation clear as day. No sooner was it ’ uttered than Cornelius and his friends then and there ‘ believed on ‘Jesus. They receive Him as God‘s anointed, _and as their absolute Lord and Allâ€" Sufficient Saviour and they â€"were saved instantly. God at once set His seal to their, acceptance by pouring out the Holy Spirit upon them. They were filled with the presence of God and showed it by the light in their countenances and by beginning to with come Though deep in mire, wring not y handsg and weep; find I lend my arm to all who say deaf that [ O0~20J sCehs 10 know God‘s will and to do it, though he has failed tojkeep that law in some points as all have and are therefore under the curse of the broken law and in need of _reâ€" demption (Gal. 3: 10â€"13), is neceptâ€" able to God as one to whom He will make known the way _ of salvation, and thus save him (cf. Jno. 7: 17). Peter, after his brief introductory statement, procecds to speak the wordsâ€" whereby Cornelius and all his house were to be saved. These words are all about Jesus. The truths about Jesus that Peter proclaimed in order that Cornelius and his household might be saved by hearing them were: (1) Peace with God is through Him (v. 36). (2) Jesus "is Lord of all." (3) him what he must do in order t saved (v. 43). But every one honestly seeks to know God‘s will Is shed when fortune, which the world holds dear, Falls from his grasp; better with love, a crust, Than living in his honor; envies not, Nor loses faith in man, but does his f best, i Nor even murmurs at his humbler lot; But with a smile and words of hope, gives zest To every toiler; he alone is great Who by a life heroic conquers fate,. â€"Sarah Knowles Bolton THE GREAT MAN I like the man who faces what he must With heart triumphant and a step of cheer; Who fights the daily battle without fear, Sees his hopes fail, yet keeps unfalterâ€" ing trust That God is God; that somehow, true and just, & His plans work out for mortals; not a tear to "If you say you will be there, be there. If you say you will do a thing â€"do it. Do not make an appointâ€" ment unless you are sure you will be on time and then regard your word as ‘sacred andâ€" be thereâ€"ON THE DoT. "Learn to do things without being told! Be first to catch your own erâ€" rorsâ€"if you make thkem. Be first to see an oportunity, an improvement, an idea, a better way. Demand much of yourselfâ€"and get much." ‘Learn to see the good in ‘things; look for the good. in people. . Study the strong points of your house." ‘‘Don‘t swallow any man‘s ‘sayâ€"so." Use your brains. Don‘t let the other man do your thinking. If you do, he‘ll get paid for itâ€"not you." "Tell the truth, if it leads you out of the window. It‘s better to go out yourself than to be kicked out." | SIGN POSTS The maxims preached to his emâ€" ployees by a prominent manufacturâ€" er, who has made a pronounced sucâ€" cess in a business where the failures are uncommonly high, are guideposts to ‘success in any line of endeavor. Here are a few of the flash lights: "EFiven a; fool can be about right., It‘s your business to be dead right." "Do your work a little better than anybody else and you needn‘t look for favors. They‘ll chase you." | UUUUu Art thou a mourner? Rouse thee from thy spell; Art thou a sinner? Sins may be forgiven; Each morning gives thee wings to Nifree from hell, â€" Each night a star to guide thy feet to heaven. Dost thou behold thy lost youth all aghast ? Dost reel from righteous Retribuâ€" tion‘s blow ? Then turn from blotted archives of the « past And find the future‘s pages white as snow. No shameâ€"faced outcast ever sank so deep But yet might rise and be again a man, \ can st do in order to be But every one who UC Wer U ioUuuU not you! WdUa This is the fiftyâ€"fifth time _ the papers have been given away under the Independent‘s SUNâ€"SHINE OFâ€" FER, aithough the offer has stood continuously for 113 months and through all seasons of the year. DON‘T PAY the newsboys, carriers, or anyone else for a copy. It is given away, absolutely free to everYbody, because the sun has not shone upon the city toâ€"day, up to the hour of going to press. through all seasons of the year. The Independent‘s SUNSHINE OF FER is that it will give away its en tire circulation, with hundreds of ex The Independent is a FREE PAPâ€" ER TOâ€"DAY} £3 § s| FREE TOâ€"DAY! DoON‘T PAY tra copies pruted to meet the demands ]of everybody, upon EVERY afternoon ]when the sun has not shone upon St. i Petersburg up to the hour of going to press. And it has been called upon ! to "make good" 55 times in over nine |yearsâ€"certainly a fine record for the ! Sunshine City. ! _ Copies of The Independent are beâ€" ing given away free on the streets and 'lat the office to every one who asks for one. For the regular subscribers ‘a récord is kept and each time we :ha.ve had six sunshineless days each subscriber‘s credit is advanced one week. Every subscriber was given a full week‘s credit Nov. 17. 1919; This offer of The Independent has attracted atention all over the United States and has been a great advertisâ€" ing feature for 9S’c. Petersburg. Independent is ‘"game" and the still stands to prove to the worl St. Petersburg has more â€" Surn days than any other place in the ed Statesâ€"excepting the . W deserts. the Signature of Always bears For Infants and Children In Use For Over 30 Years CASTORIA 0 the world that more . Sunshiny etersburg. _ The he Unitâ€" Westecma offer