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Newsweek Magazine‘s issue for July 30, carried a revealing article on the tragedy. According to the magazine, Dr. Kelsey turned down the application by the W. S. Merrill Company for a sales license for the drug, and asked What enrages us about the whole thing is the disclosure that all of us, our wives and children, are being used as human guinea pigs by these pharmacâ€" gutical companies. That means that you and we and our children are taking up where the rats and guinea pigs left off, that the drug eompany, with the full knowledge and aid of your physician, allows us to take the drug, Presumably, if after a suitable numâ€" ber of patients have taken the drug without any ill effect, it is then placed on the open market. The American public must forever be in the debt of Canadian born Dr. Francis Kelsey, of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, for her couragâ€" eous stand against allowing the drug on the market. The Federal Government‘s announâ€" eement that they will share the hospital eosts of helping these tragic babies in heartening, but in our opinion, not enough. For some of the guilt for permitting this drug on the market is unquestionâ€" ably theirs, to be shared by the compâ€" any> that allowed a drug with such ghastly side effects to leave their laborâ€" atories. What I want to know, is who gave the drug manufacturers and the docâ€" tors permission to use our bodies or the bodies of our families, as an experimenâ€" tal proving ground? Who? .... The Gov The CMA? . . . No one? It seems that after they finish stuffâ€" fng guinea pigs and rats with their exâ€" perimental wonder drugs, and prior to making them available to the general public, they send samples to doctors for use in "clinical trials." With one of the senior bears the zookeeper has antiâ€" cipated a neurotic reaction to being placed in an open area after a long life in a cage After all, the steel bars were Thalidomide is a name many people are going to remember with bitterness and horror for the rest of their lives. The kids from Detroit are baseball addicts as are the youngsters playing in the North York Baseball Association leagues. They all like to have an aud ience for their games, so take a gentle hint and turn up to see baseball at it‘s best beginning tomorrow night. On a larger scale we have the resistance of whole segâ€" ment of the city‘s population to having their homes deâ€" molished as urban blight. and being shifted into large blocks of flats. Truly, be it ever so humble, there‘s no piace like Our news stories tell when and where games during the sports week will be played, and you are the only ones who can make the games a success. Members of the Mohawks Athletic Club of Detroit are making thier sevâ€" enth annual trip to North York to share in the Township‘s Minor Sports Week, which begins tomorrow. In the same edition of the paper appeared a story about the awkwardness of moving park bears from their old, cramped and smelly cages to new open â€"style prestige acâ€" commedation, and a . story about the refusal of a passel of pensioners to leave an old folks‘ home that the authorâ€" Sties consider unfit for human habitation. The Yanks are coming in one of the friendliest, most welcome invasions in years. The Yankees Are Coming To North York . The Government? P HEcnint * S o tn "o0 Rerver Thalidomide â€" A Horror To Remember ) Authorized as Second Class Mail, Post Office Dept, Ottawa Ont. and for payment of postage in cash SUBSCRIPTION KATES $2.50 per year in advance to any address in Canada. EDITOBRIALS MY TWO CENTS WORTH Published at 235 Dixon Road, Weston, by Mneun_L Publishing Ltd, every Thursday V. J, MeMILLAN, President and Publisher Moving away from a home is not merely a matter of transferring self and . furniâ€" ture from ome shelter to anâ€" othér. It means leaving beâ€" hind _ sentimental | associatibns with the room that was the children‘s nursery. with the basement _ workâ€"bench. _ even with the bit of lawn whose With the old folks and the urban blighters. the ~reasons for clinging to their dilapiâ€" dated quarters are ‘less obvi o us. These homes certainly were not safer, being fire traps and havens for bacteria. Yet, like the bears. the resiâ€" dents have grown accustomed to their place. Familiarity, which breeds contempt _ for people. gestates affection for the place where we live conâ€" tent. the only thing protecting the animal from that ferocious redâ€"headed boy with the freckâ€" les. By Erie Nicol Other countrieg $3.50 GARY RALPH, Editor that more conclusive research be made. About two months later, according to the magazine, the followâ€"up applicaâ€" tion by the company was also turned down. Mothers who have given birth to ndrâ€" mal children in the last six months. and who may have been taking pills for nausea or sleeplesness, will utter silent prayers for thanks that the pills they took did not contain this devilâ€"drug, or that it was taken too late to affect the foetus. At roughly the same time as presâ€" sure was brought to bear on Dr. Kelsey according to the article, a doctor in Hamburg, Germany. began to have some suspicions about the drug. The article states that "On Nov. 20, 1961, Dr. Widukind Lenz of Hamburg told a West German pediatric meeting that he had "grave reason" to suspect that the drug, taken by expectant mothers, was causing the birth of infants with phocomelia, a deformity involving flipâ€" perâ€"like arms and malformed legs." This exchange of teams, and players, between our two countries is indicative of the pure feelings only the young may have. To witness such friendship is a blessing for parent and individual alike, and the place to see it is on the diaâ€" mond throughout the coming week. The article goes on to say . . ."the company began to apply pressure with letters, phone calls, and even personal visits to her and her superiors. There were suggestions, Dr. Kelsey said, that she was being "unreasonable" and posâ€" sibly even‘ "stupid". Merrill, she said, was "anxious to get the drug on the market". Its reasons was not hard to find. But, each time you look at your smilâ€" ing baby, with normal arms and legs, and with a normal life ahead of him or her, give a thought to the ruined lives ahead of the notâ€"soâ€"fortunate. and of the heartbreak the drug has caused. The Government must see to it that the regulations governing new drugs are so sringent that this curse or one just like it is not visited on thousands of innocent young babies again. The Mohawks AC is one organizaâ€" tion devoted to making good citizens from _ youngsters through â€" baseball. Sports have long been attributed as the best way to funnel the energy and inâ€" terests of youth into productive activity. The N.Y.M.B.A. is dedicated to the same principles and a common ground with the American team has been esâ€" tablished. The friendships, found on baseball, have endured over the past seven years between the two clubs. ‘"The reason implied by the magaâ€" zine in the next paragraph was that in Western Germany over a million people were taking it every night as a sleeping pill, and that it was "one of West Gerâ€" many‘s most popular pills," and sold without a prescription. ADVERTISER is natural and joyful. The newlyweds normally give it never a second thought. And there comes a time in the life of older _ couples, . the fledglings _ havingflown the nest when its natural to seek the new _environment of a smaller home or apartment. Hardship arises only when the _ cold hand of external authority jerks a thumb â€" out! â€" without regard for the seaâ€" sons of the heart. Although we excuse the rude . transplantaâ€" tion as in the best interests of the victims. our real concern is for the unsightliness of the slum and consumptive real esâ€" tate values crabâ€"grass has for years vided the excitement of a ning battle For those starting a new life. with ne w companions, leaving one home for another (Continued .on page 7) proâ€" run Should _ unemployment turn upwards again, preâ€" senting both serious ecâ€" onomic and political proâ€" plems. the Government could find itself in a horâ€" hible dilemma. sibilit the pears be a last show that the number of Canadians without work came to 301,.000 and repâ€" resented 4.5 per cent of the total labor fbrce. At That ju: tion might notâ€"tooâ€"dis fall But is is possible to say with certainty that the endless series of deficits has played a major part in undermining the conâ€" fidence of investors at home and abroad in Canâ€" ada. This undermining of confidence in turn has led to a flight of capital from the Country a flight which eventually culminâ€" ated in the: balance of payments | crisis _ which came to a head in midâ€" year. As part of its plans for restoringy the confidence of investors in this Counâ€" try, the Ministry has Proâ€" mised to slash by roughly a half the $745.000,000 deficit _ which _ Finance Minister Donald Fleming projected for the current fiscal year w hen he brought downr his budget only â€" last April. T his move towards a balanced budget comes at a time when _ unemployment is continuing a â€" downward trend from the postwar peakt hat began _ just about a vear amn jol OTTAWA â€"â€" With the introduction of a series of _ sweeping _ austerity measures within a week after the last election, the Federal Government has for the moment at least checked the hemorrhage that was rapdily drainâ€" ing away Canada‘s forâ€" eign â€" reserves, lifeblood of the country‘s trade. But the Conservative minâ€" istry may on‘y be at the beginning of its troubles. For five years the Govâ€" ernment has followed polâ€" icies aimed at easing heavy _ unemployment which have resulted in continuous budget defiâ€" cits approaching a total of $3 billion. It is impossâ€" ible to determine to what extent these deficits have actually helped to create jobs that ntherwise would not have been available. OTTAWA REPORT M on Ar HOLIDAY WEEKEND TRAFFIC t} t icture apâ€" surface to h a situaâ€" lon in the mote P C‘s posâ€" ment With the closing of school in June, however, there was a very sharn increase in the number of voung men and women looking for ioh« During June the labor force inâ€" creased by 160.000 over the total in the same nerâ€" ind a year ago, a considâ€" erably greater increaso that has taken place in recent months. In part this was due to the fact that considerabâ€" ly fewer women left their kitchens in search of jobs since the prospects of getting them appeared far from bright. But even more important was the fact that Canad‘s youngsâ€" ters apparently began to heed repeated warnings to remain in schol in orâ€" der to get a better educaâ€" tion or more â€" advanced technical and vocational training. The second factor conâ€" cerns the growth of the labor force. Last year Federal authorities were fearfully expectant that it would expand at a quickening rate as the first of the vast postwar baby crop began pouring out of schools in search of jobs. As it turned out the growth of the labor force was considerably smaller than it had been for some vyears. is that when seasonal factors are taken into acâ€" count in the Country‘s radically changing labor picture over the course of the year unemployâ€" ment actually undertook its first significant inâ€" crease in many months. The first is the general state of the economy. Ever since the early sprâ€" ing of 1961, Canada has been swinging out of a recession and enjoying a mild upswing in the busâ€" iness cycle that has serâ€" ved .to create a substanâ€" tial number of new jobs. Now there are growing signs that the current ecâ€" onomic recovery is near. ing an end and business in danger of heading into another slump. If that happens, the unemployâ€" ment picture is sure to grow worse. the same time last year, 370,000 _ were _ lacking jobs, 5.6 per cent of the labor force. On a seasonally adjusâ€" ted basis, the Dominion Bureau. of tatistics reâ€" ports, the number of people without work rose from 5.6 per cent of the labor force in May to 6.2 per cent in June. Two imâ€" portant â€" factors _ could cause unemployment to begin clmbing again to major proportions later in 1962 or early in 1963. While it would appear that this situation should be satisfactory, the fact Have Jobs Cut Out CROWD HIGHWAY 401 Use up small pieces of sponge, or plain cake hy cutting into cubes and arranging in the botâ€" tom of a round cake nan. Pour over them your favourite flavour of instant pudding mix. preparâ€" ed according to the natkage dirâ€" ections. When firmly set. cut the cake into wedges and reâ€" move them onto serving plates with a spatula as you would a pie. This makes a light. yet satisfying dessert But since the problem of unemployment has toâ€" day become one of the major responsibilities of the Federal Government if it does nothing it is courting the danger of political disaster. The dilemma, however, goes beyond the political disaster. The real probâ€" lem is how to get the ecâ€" onomy growing again on an overall basis. Unemâ€" ployment does not only hurt individuals, it also means less Canadian proâ€" duction out of which to pay the taxes which will eliminate the budget defâ€" icits â€" which in turn will improve our dollar probâ€" lem and help revive forâ€" eign investor confidence. The tronble with austerâ€" ity is that it became a short run necessity which hinders the long run soluâ€" tion. Austeritvy will only heln more than it hurts if it is short lived. The underIving _ nroblem _ is not to cut down but to get moving. "In the short run we had as our objective the expansion of domestic deâ€" mand to take up the slack in the productive resources of the Counâ€" try," Finance Minister Fleming explained in his budget speech last April. If the Government once ‘again reverts to heavy deficit financing as a means of reducing the worse effects of unâ€" employment, it is in serâ€" ious danger of precipitatâ€" ing a new flight of capiâ€" tal from Canada and a new balance of payments crisis that could further endanger the whole ecâ€" onomv. What may well have happened is that the inâ€" flux expected last year has only been postponed to this year, with the posâ€" sibility existing that the labor force could begin expanding rapidly at a time when a declining ecâ€" onomy is unable to proâ€" vide new jobs. Over the past five years, the major answer of the Federal Governâ€" ment to the problem of unemployment has been to increase the purchasâ€" ing power of the Canadâ€" ian people through such devices as tax cuts and increased social wlefare payments, the end result being a continuous series of budget deficits. There are admission and membership fees at most of the clubs, so go prepared to shell out $2 or more just to get in. The First Floor Club at 33 Asquith Street, at Bloor and Yonge; The Cellar an Avenue Road; The Purple Onion on Avenue Road; The Fifth Peg (set to reâ€"open in the fall,) on Church Street; The Upstairs Club on Yonge; The Village Corner on Avenue Road:; The House of Hambourg (Toronto‘s first) on Grenville St.; The Calypso Club on Front Street (West Indian mus~ ic and food); and The Cave at 40 Scollard Street. These aren‘t all, but how many can we cover in a column. The one I am most interested in is the Cave at A0 Scollard Street, where an excellent jazz group called the_Char]ie Mountford Trio is playing. They are backed by singe;- Dave Higgins, whom Dave Caplan calls the greatest vocal find in Toronto since Bob Goulet. This club opens at 12:00 p.m. and swings until about 3:00 a.m. or later. Lose oneâ€"night‘s sleep â€" it‘s worth it. yers, top entertainers in other fields, advertising and newspaper people, mechanics, restauranteurs,â€"in short people like most of us. The audience is good, the food is good (if more expensive than restaurants), and the entertainment is good. This is an imp;omptu list of the clubs I have seen and liked. Try them some time. In addition there are clubs like The Blue Note, The Gate of Cleve; the outdoor streetside restaurant and coffee spots â€" The Cafe Anglaisse and the Half Beat; 701 on Yorkville Street, and the Jack and Jill in Torâ€" onto‘s ‘Village‘. Coffee houses are much different. In most, no liquor is served or allowed near the club. The people who gather to listen to jazz, (not dance, sing, shout, but listen) are people with good jobs, accountants, lawâ€" The running of a jazz club is a highly competitive business with more than 20 clubs waiting to take the customers another cannot satisfy. The coffee houses may have gone "comercial" as some complain, but they are now providing better entertainment in nicer surroundings than ever before, in any city. Please don‘t mix the term coffee or jazz house with clubs like the Juke Box Club on Yonge Street which has been raided by the police a number of times. This is a rock and roll centre frequented by girls and boys in horrible beil bottomed pants. The music played in a rock and roll or twist club is abominable, and the influence of these places on the young is disgraceful. In passing, it is beyond me how the police or the city allow such a club to stay open after so much trouble has eminated from it. Coffee houses have become business enterprises, with big business outlooks. The owners are out to make money and to make dollars they must provide good entertainment in competition with many other jazz or coffee spots in Toronto. When one mentions coffee houses, most people in Toronto have a vague picture of a bunch of bearded prophets sitting in silence in a morass of poetry and ‘farâ€"out music‘, in a dingy room. This picture, while it may once have been semiâ€" accurate, is so hazy now it becomes ridiculous to those who know and follow jazz, dixie land, classical music, and satirical comedy or folk singing. The companies who have gone out of their way to be helpful to me, with information, and to my sources on behalf of music, are Trans Canada Air Lines, Canâ€" ada Dry Distributors, The City of Toronto, David Capâ€" lan, jazz columnist of the Toronto Daily Star, The Bell Telephone Company, The Metropolitan Toronto Police Force, and others which include, of all things a brick company, a general contractor, and other jazz personalities in town. I haven‘t got the space to tell how each ties in with the entire city jazz picture, but all have done their part to promote good music and excellent coffee houses in the city. I would like to acknowledge the very kind coâ€"operâ€" ation I have received from these companies, by namâ€" ing them. If you think I am giving them free advertisâ€" ing, however minor, you‘re right. In my dealings with the outside world I have beâ€" come interested in entertainment in Toronto â€" a city which has some of the best entertainment mediums on the continent. Recently I have had occasion to ask favours of sevâ€" eral companies in Toronto, in line with my music and, pl{ticulgl:l)_'_,_juzz and the places in which it is played. WALRUS SAib... C Crossword ACROSS DOWN by R. G. DANIELS Sotution 4â€"5â€"60