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_T LABOR | There are 2400 mineral water bottlers in New York city. mit a new scale of wages, A union of candy workers is about to be organized in _.ontreal. British India new employs over 1,000,â€" 000 people in its cotton industries. Plans will be made for the thorough organization of the stationary firemen at Montreal. The unionr label has been discarded by 30 wholesale clothing manufacturers of i'mm. N' \-‘ Among the Now Y lowest wage is »26.2t highest is over $50. The Woestern Flint TUnion bas again jor Federation of Labor. English workmen in the engineermnng and allied trades are but moderately employed at the present time. Copper miners in Michigan have inâ€" ereased in number from less than 7,000 in 1893 to more than 14,000 in 1903. In January and February the memâ€" bership of the Order of Railway Clerks of America increased 1220 in memberâ€" abhip. P PF Lo sy Ob stw Y.Â¥i% A bill has been introduced in the Maryland Legislature to limit the hours of employment on street railways to ten a day. A threatened strike of Buffalo, N. Y., tailors has been averted, the employers conceding the demands of their workâ€" It is altogetber likely that the labor party will put a full municipal ticket in the field at the fall elections in Detroit, The Musicians‘ Union, of Toronto, is said to be the largest organization of the kind in the Dominion. The memberâ€" whip is about 500. t lng i. ie o c ce C c l February returns of tCHG lermakers and iron shipbu total of 9,559 members on against 10,352 in January. e ons In all about £92,000 workwp\e in England were affected by changes in wages during 1903, as compared with §90,000 in 1902 and 932,000 in 1901. There are now afliliated with the Pennsylvania State Federation of Labor 208 la{’or organizations, composed of 31 central bodies and 177 local unions. Eristol, Conn.. plumbers have issued a manifesto to the master plumbers deâ€" manding $3 for an cightâ€"hour day. The E.eseut seale calls for $250 for nine urs. An eight hour day is demanded by the engineers and firemen emrloyed in the stockyards at Chicago, IIl. The union demands are endorsed by the Packing Trades‘ Council. Continued depression i and partially in other tricts of London, Eng.. Lord Mayor to open a re for $7,000 has been raise Muskegon, Mich.. w have agreed with local arbitrate all differences The wage is to be 32 1< with an eightâ€"hour day. At Lyons, Franc« the silk trades has demand being for and shorter hours made to effect a s At Lyons, France, 10,000 employees in the silk trades have struck work, their demand being for an increase in wages uand shorter hours. Efforts have been made to effect a settlement. Returns from local trade unions and from branches of the amalgamated bodies show a general increase in the number of uncmployed among the maâ€" chineâ€"tool makers throughout England. In St, Louis, Mo.. a few years ago the waiter girls got $4 per week salary; now they ifi $9, no breakage charges, and their hours of labor are much shorter, "U T _ladislama «enerally are better. :h.;:r hours of labor are and conditions generally The Employers‘ Ingot Makers, 10 Seotland, and th Br:gl-qd- have in reduction in month. A new wage schedule has been arâ€" ranged by the Cloth Hat and Cap Makâ€" ers‘ Union, at San Francisco, Cal., and the same will be presentel to the proâ€" prietors. The present seale will expire .S' Unidl!- At the same will prietors. The on May 1. Reports «L & @‘ neral sSU ployees of the New York & road, which emanated from are not borne out by state by officers of different railro tions. At Boston, Mass and job printers, Y fect for several we by means of a col tract between en ees signed. ho ids â€" ced The Contractors‘ Association of Sacâ€" ramento, Cal, bas decided to close all rills in that city. This will put a stop #» all building overations in that city for the time temg. throwing 800 men out of waork. * In the Australian stost Offee Departâ€" ment the minimum salary for women was formerly $300; but since women reâ€" ceived the ballot this has been raised to $550. Women teachers who do equal work with men receive the same pay. & right not granted to them in this counâ€" try. sc qug o s 10.‘ Slhe in Ptibiiee . tRS t The new wage schedule of the Staâ€" blemen‘s Union. at San Franciseo, Cal., asks for a $2.50 increase weekly over the present $15 rate. The day is to be of twelve hours, and union men only are to be employed. 1 qoi t 2 RF EY s About 800 nonâ€"union eMpIO}""" 7 ."." American Tobacco Company, at Richâ€" mond, Va., have struck for an increase in pay. The strikers are all negro stomâ€" mers, and they ask for an increase of oneâ€"half a cent a pound. ® It is stated that the wages paid to team drivers in »montreal are lower than in any other city on the American conâ€" tinent wi.. a popr‘ation of 200,000. The men are planning io organize a union. tt, Conn., boss bakers have ormn order to cope with the A\; mands of the union bakers, who, it understood, intend to demand the aboliâ€" tion of night work and an cight hour day schedule after May 1. esn : Eenc 200 San Francisco, Cal., union bookbinders have received an increase in wages by N. Y., union tailors will subâ€" ployers‘ Association . of ~teei kers, ropresenting the west of and the northeast coast of have intimated a & per cent. in wages, to take effect this Now York bricklayers the is »26.20 a week, and the 800 nonâ€"union employees i Tobacco Company, at a., have struck for an i The strikers are all negn a Flint Glass Workers‘ ain joined the American a emanated from New York, rmne out by statements made of different railroad organizaâ€" urns of the English boiâ€" iron shipbuilders show a sembers on the funds, as » â€"general strike of en Cew York & New Have: ssion at the cast end other industrial â€" disâ€" Eng,. has caused the ow a relief fund. Thus ise.. the strike of book , which bas been in efâ€" weeks, has been settled compromise, and a conâ€" employers and employâ€" UAIOX on . carpenciers contractors to in the future. conts an hour, of Steel ecs of the which men who WRLckk Heoke C CS Pn wl & W per week will be gradually raised to $19.50. The union agrees to recognize none but firstâ€"class craftsmen. ‘The British Government continues to be denounced by the workers‘ union for the low wages paid at Government workshops, shipyards, arsenals and gun factories, but all denunciations and resoâ€" lutions sem to have no effect. Unions in all the building trades are rapidly voting in favor of the proposed Structural Building Trades Alliance of America, which aims to combine 500,000 l workers in one compact body. The object is to put a stop to "wildeat" strikes. e C eeeeaes o Oe CC At a conference of miners held at Carâ€" diff, Wales, recently, it was deciared that the men would never go back to the slidingâ€"scale system. Whatever the faults of Conciliation Boards, they were better than the old sliding seale. Nearly 100 Lincoln, Neb,. women have ap%l(i)ed to the International Women‘s Labor League for a charter, and proâ€" pose to organize a union at least 500 strong. These women intend to make a fight for the union label in stores and shops. In Russia all wages have to be paid in cash. There are no factory stores Or store orders. _ Employers cannot disâ€" charge workmen contrary to the terms o‘ their contract, nor impose fines exâ€" cept in accordance with the rules of the Department of Labor. At Sharon, Pa,. the Builders‘ Exâ€" change has asked all members of the building trades to accept a reduction of 10 per cent. in wages on May 1, at the expiration of the present seale. There are more than 2,000 members in the building trades in Sharon. In 1903 Minnesota showed an increase in the total number of wageâ€"earners of 11.91 per cent. over 1902; that of tae male adults was 12,67 per cent.; that of the female adults, 9.36 per cent.; and of children, a decrease from: last year‘s number of 9.598 per cent. Because of the unitsi action on NC part of the master plumbers in ordering a nineâ€"bour day and open shops, Erie, Pa,. journeymen . plumbers have â€" quit work and refuse to do another tap until the masters back down from their posiâ€" tion and reâ€"establish union shops. A resolution was adopted at the las\ meeting of the Masters‘ and rilots‘ Asâ€" sociation, Cleveland, O., Lodge, demandâ€" ing that the members of the Advisory Board get together as soon as possible to reconsider the action taken in regard to the wage schedule and classification. Two new international unions to join the American Federation of Labor have been formed. The first is the Internaâ€" tional Brotherhood of Foundry Employâ€" es, the unskilled workers in foundric«; the other is the International Brotherâ€" hood of Shinglers, formed at San Franâ€" cisco. In the past 20 years, accordin"~> P0 tIC figures of the Labor Burcau at Washâ€" ington, there have been more than 22,; 000 strikes, involving a loss to employâ€" ees and employers of over $400,000,000. The loss to the workmen themselves has been more than twice that of their ocm ployers. Portable hoisting engincers, who are members of Steam Engineers‘ Union, at Rochester, N. Y., have asked for an inâ€" ‘ x 1 m dsn eevtmnat . dgde Oeb fPortable hoisting engincers, who are members of Steam Engineers‘ Union, at Rochester, N. Y., have asked for an inâ€" crease in their wages in an agreement presented . to the Mason Contractors‘ Association. â€" These engineers are now goetting $2.50 and $3 a day. They are asking for $3.50 a day. 6 3 a busy wlo GMkt _ At a conference held between repreâ€" sentatives of the Electrical Workers‘ Union and their employers, at Builalo, N. Y., a scttlement has been reached. The employers agree to maintain the present schedule of pay, $3 a day, and ‘ an cightâ€"hour day. Xonâ€"union work men now employed are to be retained. The â€" International Brotherhood _ of Blacksmiths â€"and Helpers, at Toronto, will, it is expected, ask for an increase of 10 per cent. in wages and a nineâ€" hour | workday, _ At present they work ten: hours. â€" Blacksmiths receive from 20 to 27 1â€"2 cents an hour at present, and helpâ€" ers from 15 to 18 cents an hour. United Garment Workers at Baltiâ€" more, Md., are putting up a vigorous light this year to have the uniforms of _| the: police manufacturea by persons or | firms who have the right to use the ~| union label. For the last four years one â€"| firm has furnished the uniforms, and the work has been done by nonâ€"union workâ€" â€" | men. "Vomiates n I F A novel plan has been evolved in Cinâ€" cago by E. P. Dwyer, a prominent labor leader of that city, to place an army of union men on farms in Mississippi. lt is said that 30,000 acres have been secured, and the idea is to parcel it out in fiveâ€" acre tracts, making homes for 6,000 union families. Although the time for the opening of navigation on the great lakes is near at hand, few of the maritime workers‘ urions have made settlements with emâ€" ployers. The marine unions will submit to no reduction in wages this year unâ€" less the shippers and vessel owners proâ€" duce better argument than they have been doing so far. Representatives of the Licensed Tugâ€" men‘s Protective Association, in conferâ€" ence with the Dredge and Tug Owners‘ Protective Association, _ in Toledo, OM are fighting for the same seale at Chiâ€" cago and South Chicago. Representaâ€" tives of the owners wished to change the scale at the expense of South Chicago dredge crews, it is said, e mm s cce with the Employers‘ Insurance Associaâ€" tion, and is designed to cover cases that are not included in the insurance scheme, as well as to promote greater efficiency in the various branches of the railway service. Between 7,000 and 8000 fishermen on the shores of Lake Erie have affiliated W unitsi action on the Bureau at. Wash m more than 22, a loss to employ over $400,000,000 receiving $16 ) the me 4 11040000 d Sachictaet â€" ied »6 ut ut â€"»GUO0 voted to send a general organizer and secretary throughout the country, who wil act as a business agent, organize unions among women and investigate lockouts and strikes. In New South Wales, the country of universal unionism and federal ownerâ€" . ship of public utilities, the working hours are uannllfl eight and the miniâ€" mum wages for laborers $1.70 per day, with halfâ€"holidays at the expense of emâ€" ployers. Both employers and employees are unionized, the number of separate organizations of the latter being fully 50 per cent. larger than of the former. The 16â€"months‘ strike at Wheldale and Frystone colleries, Cattleford, Eng.. ended in victory for the masters. Reâ€" cently most of the 800 men out presentâ€" cA themselves at the pits, but more than tv.oâ€"thirds of the places had been filled. Sacramento, Cal., Plumbers‘ Union went on strike recently because the emâ€" ployers would not grant an increase in pay. â€" The members desire $4.50 per day, an advance of 50 cents. It is thought the ficht will be a stubborn one. The National Miners‘ Federation of Great Britain has formulated the terms for the renewal for five years of the Conciliation Board. There does not apâ€" pear to be any sericus disagreemnt beâ€" tween the reprosentatives of both parâ€" Nearly all the salt consumed in Italy is produced in Sardinia. â€" For this work about three thousand men are employed, most of whom are conviets. ‘The wages range from tenpence to four shillings a das of which the convicts receive only LiCS hal Union gas workers at San Francisco, | Cal., have gained an cightâ€"hour day for sii employees. The 10 per cent. increase in wages will be discussed, and it is probable that if it is not allowed a comâ€" promise will be effected wherebhy a porâ€" tion of it will be granted, Chicago, I1., millwrights, â€" who â€" aro inembers of the International Flour and Ce:cal Employees‘ Union, have begun suit at Minnceapolis, Minn., to prevent the union from expelling or suspending them. The dispute arose with carpenâ€" ters over mill work in Chicago. _ Fiftcon hundred locked out carriage and wagon workers at Chicago, III., have accepted a proposal made them by emâ€" lployers whose shops have been tied up for six weeks. The settlement provides for the "open shop," arbitration of all differences and a wage increase. Machinists in the employ of the Eric Railroad Company have accided not to call a strike, and will not force their demand at present for an increase in their wages. The machinists want to b* paid 30 cents an hour. At present they are getting 27 cents an hour. Diamond cutters at Amsterdam, Holâ€" land, have been locked out to the nuimâ€" be: of 1,000 men. Some of these were on strike, and the employers retaliated, sn that those employed should not be able to support the men who were out. | The strike funds were at a low ebb. The 1900 census gives the number of wage workers in the United States as 29,285,022, divided as follows: â€" Profesâ€" sional, 1,264,737; wade and transportaâ€". ~tion, 4,778233; domestic and personal sorvice, 5,691,746; manufacturing, 7 122, 987 ; agricultural pursuits, 10,438,916. Railroad employees on the Buenos Ayres and Rosario and Central Argenâ€" tine lines are still on strike. They deâ€" mand an increase of 10 per cent. per month in wages of men who are workâ€" ing on monthly salaries and a proporâ€" ticnate increase for others and a reducâ€" tion of working hours to e'xght a day. The percentage of the population of the United States which is supported by agriculture is 36; that by mining and rvane Indnatries. 24: thit by trade various industries, 24; that by trade and commerce, 16. In Germany the figâ€" ures are resp(‘cti\'c\y 38, 37 and 11; in England, 10, 59 and 11; in France, 44, 34 and 9; and in Italy, 57, 28 and 4. In the annual report of the New York State Board of Mediation and Arbitraâ€" tion. which has just been issued, is In the annual report of tHC .NCW _1 GIA State Board of Mediation and Arbitraâ€" tion, which has just been issued, is given an interesting statistical history of the building trades strike and lockâ€" out. which kept an army of men idle in New York last summer. In the building trades strike alone, leaving _ out all other strikes and lockouts in New York city, it is shown that during «ae sumâ€" mer the mechanies lost in wages $6,â€" T34.751. The aggregate number of days lost was 1.707,019, and the number of workmen involved 37,037, which does not take into account nearly as many laborers and fifteen hundred nonâ€"union men who were involved. In New York State, outside of the building â€" trades strike in New Lork city, 73,871 work _people were directly _ concerned _ in E y 20 s AGARNMWNA Miea‘ wamne as ECCE Nes s i tng nytP on Pm . strikes and lost 2,000,000 days‘ wages as a result. Besides these there were 7,000 workers made idle by the strikes, and these lost 200,000 days‘ wages. _ All told, 117,000 working people in New York State lost last year as a _ result of strikes and lockouts 3,000,000 days‘ wages, according to the best official inâ€" formation possible to obtain. L. M. and T. A., the last out carmage igo, 111., have them by emâ€" been tied up John S. TORONTO ; the 23rd Psaim. (St. Catharines Star.) To the Editor of the Star: _ A0 CBEC MBNRRPRTN PR RRPC CCC C My attention was arrested by the following verses, . publishked in the Breakfast Table columns of the Tor-‘ onto Globe, on the 25th inst., under the: heading "Twentyâ€"third Psalm" (Seotch version), by John _ Moir, Bridge of Feugh, Banchory, Aberdeenshirs." Sureâ€" ly a long way to go from home to get a "wee bit Scots," and I am of opinion the Scottish editor of the Globe was "oot" when it cam in. Please print the verses: "Wha is my shepherd, weel 1 ken The Lord Himsel‘ is be; He leads me whaur the girss is green ‘ An‘ burnies quate that be; THE PSALMS IN BRAID SCOTCH. Aft time I fain astray wad gang, An‘ wann‘r far awa‘; He fins me oot, He pits me richt, An‘ brings me hame an‘ §‘ cleugh, Fin‘ I ken He is nea His muckle crook will n Sae I hae nocht to fear. Tho‘ I 1k comfort whilk a sheep could need His thochtfu‘ care provides; Tko‘ wolves â€" an‘ dogs may pdow aboot, In safety me he hides. His guidness and His mercy baith Na doot will bide wi‘ me, While faulded on the fields 0‘ time Or o‘ eternity. I have made good some typographIC2l blunders, for which, of course, the auâ€" thor was not responsible, but may I bo privileged to say a word or two as to the subject matter of the effusion itself. The twentyâ€"third Psaim is the twentyâ€"third Psalm, or it is nothing. It says just what it means or it means nothing. _ The line closing the second stanzaâ€" (I guess that‘s Seotch)â€""An brings me hame an‘ a‘ "â€"literally "and | brings me home and all!" _ Where is there sense or poetry in that jargon, except, possibly after a St. Andrew‘s nighe celebration? Inâ€" the next verse we can pass over the "Fin‘ I ken He is near," but his "muckle crook" is a staggerer that will knock all Canadian Scotchmen out of business. _ And then when "wolves and dogs‘ are brought in to intensify the situation, the iSeotch versionist must have been fairly driven to his wits‘ ends to horrify this otherâ€" | wise magnificent theme. Wolves and doos prowling about through the beauâ€" tiful sentiment of the twentyâ€"third Psalm ‘ought to frighten a Seotechman or anvone else. When I noticed these verses I reâ€" ferred them to Rev. W. Wye Smith, of this city, than whom there is no better Scots authority on this continâ€" ent, or any other, and, having in mind that he had paraphrased this beautiful IPsalm in the braid Scots, asked him to give it to me. I had thought it was in verse, but was _ mistaken. His prose version,. which he kindly handed me, yeads thus, and very prettily: THE TWONTY THIRD PSALM. "Dauvid is aye unreclin‘ a pirn aboot Christ. Hore hbe pents him as a shepâ€" herd, and his sel‘ as a silly bit lammie. It evens weel wi‘ the tenth of John. "The Lord is my shepherd ; my wants are a‘ kent; the pastur I lie in is growthie and green. "I follow by the lip o‘ the watirs o‘ Peace. He heals and sterklie hauds my saul; and airts me, for His ain name‘s sake, and in a‘ the fit roads of His holiâ€" ness. L 1 PW & c un dtel uen "Avye, and though 1 bude gang hrOWS the howe whaur the deidâ€"shadows fa‘, I‘se fcar nae skaith sor ill, for that yersel‘ is ayo aside me; yore rod and yere cruick they defen‘ me. "My table ye hae pienished afore the ecen o‘ my gaes; my heid ye hae erystit wi‘ oyle; iny cup is teemin‘ fu‘. "And certes, tenderness .and merycies sal be my fa‘ to the end o‘ my days, and syne I‘se bide at hame in the hoose o‘ the Lord for evir and evir mair." It was then suggesied that we should both versify the Psaim, and these are the results. I follow by watirs o‘ peace tent, And when weary and wae He me again, He airts me, for sake o‘ his name and The Lord is my shepherd; my are a‘ kent; The pastur I lie in is grow!t My buird is weelâ€"graced, in the sicht o‘ my faes, And my heid is annointit w‘i heavenâ€" lie oyle; My ceup that ye filled a‘ the length o‘ my days, Is a‘ ripnin‘ over at the end 0‘ my toil. his law, In paths o‘ holiness, fearless and free, And e‘en ‘mid the howe whaur the diedâ€" shadows fa‘ His rod and his eruick my reliance Sae guidness and grace, ilka day that I leeve, Shall follow and bless, on my hameâ€" gaun way; And at the langâ€"last, an‘ wi‘ a‘ that believe, I‘se bide in God‘s palace for evir and Psaum Twontyâ€"threeâ€"In Pasturs Green 1 "Bide.."‘"" (By Jno. 8. McClelland.) Wi‘ God for Shepherd T‘ no want, He kens my every need; In growthic, green and flLO\yerin’ haunt By peacefu‘ watirs wi‘ his haun He airts me as I gang; TIIE TWONXNTYâ€"THIRD PSALM (By Wiliam Wye Smith.) Hie louts me rest my heid. pass through ereen sal‘ be. ave zh 1 bude gang throw® the deidâ€"shadows fa‘, arith sor ill, for that ide me; yere rod and some typog;a_nphical me defen‘, Translator of o‘ peace and con the gruesome is growthic and ang# throwe restores wants The me. lHe louts me tae lie amang green howes; He airts me atowre by the lown watirs. He waukens my wa‘â€"gaen saul; He weises me roun‘, for His ain name‘s sake, intil right roddins. Xa! Tho‘ I gang thro‘ the deadmirkâ€" dail; c‘enn thar sal I dread nae skaithin‘; for yersel‘ are narâ€"by me; yer stok an‘ yer stay haud me baith fu‘ checrie. My buird ye hae hansell‘d in face 0‘ my faes; ye hae drookit my head wi‘ oyle; my bicker is fu‘ an‘ skailin‘. K‘en sae, sal guidâ€"guidin‘ an‘ gudeâ€"gree gang wi‘ me, ilk day o‘ my livin‘; an evir mair syne, i‘ the Lord‘s ain howfl, an lang last sal I mak bydan. Yours very truly, $ wuy runacy crows habit of, roegarditg lunacy as a tempori and on this pretext ary agylums to cop( " It is no tompora aia ihe specialist, congisteat and alar Why is it that we aro becoming madder as the yoears § by ? â€" Four reasons ave suggestcdâ€"drink, vice, imprudent mairriagos, and the stress and rush 6i modera city life. Whe caso was pul in a nutshell by cne specialist yestercday. " By beiter methods of sanitation," he said. "a groat saving oi liie has teen effected in the zymatic diseases, ond itho death rate cught to have teen dGecreased. enormously thereby. It has not uone so owing to tne ailarming increaso in nerve and hoart digrcase, the result oi wear and tear. "General paralysis of the insane is steadily on the increase, and that is rery often the result of dicseases proâ€" _dueced by vice. Unfortunately public: opinion â€" will not permit us to atâ€" tack that evil at its wource. Al we can do is to endeavor by careâ€" ful «cientific research, to trace the evils of their first cause, and to deâ€" vise mothods for prevention _ and cure. 1t "What is the good of restraining thousands of poor wretches in huge lasylums for the period of their natâ€" ural lives ? The Jatest report shows ‘that there are seven people in the London asylums over the age of nineâ€" P . T s 0s Lw _ 411 0 0 B _ i2 Aetstanaiaineh i> ty, and that a centenarian died in one of the asylums last year! ; « "How much better it would be if, instead of boxing up the insane, we could discover how to cure them! Nervous diseases call for investigaâ€" tion and study as loudly as cancer." Practically tho same point was mado by another specialist whose views were sought by the Express. "You have only to visit the asylums," ho said, "to see how large is the number of people incarcerated there who might well be looked after at homeâ€"weakâ€"minded â€" persgons, _ who havoe sunk to the level of automata, and who would never by any chance become harm{ul either to themselves or to anybody else. They crowd the asylaums and there is no room for _neow cares. "And if the surroundings of an. agylum are unnecessary for _ cases such as this, they are positively harmful to cases of another kind. Say that a person steps over the borderland of sanityâ€"one foot on each side of the line. Shut him up in an agsylum wirere he sees none but tho hoprelessly insane, and _ the chances are that he becomes perâ€" manently, insane himsel{. Like begets like. "Whiat is needed in such a case is a ballâ€"way house, where every endearor will be exerted towards curing tho inmates. If they show no signs of recavery within six months, then send them to (vÂ¥ real asylum. . But very mary of thierm would recover and become useful members of society instead of a deadâ€"weight and an expense. "The germs 0f insanity are, of course, carried down from generâ€" ation to generation. I have heard it seriously suggested thiat no perâ€" son should ‘be allowed to marry unâ€" til he or she had foeen‘ examined as to mental soundness. "Thiat suggestion is more ideal thian pracâ€" tical, but men and women who bave the taint of hereditary insanâ€" Lord is my herd, nae want sal fa‘ Ane heighâ€"lilt 0‘ David‘s. > a2+%. =%*% *# ©®@9 f lohn 8. McClelland 1 staun‘ ity ought really to goo IBB® "" . _" criminal on thelr part to marty. And I do soberly saY that chron«s insanity cught, after a perior of nvoyomtobaagodudn(â€" ficient ground for divorce." malottertotbtxp!‘-obr. Forbes Winslow says : "It is not a difficult problemi to sotve whiy there should be wore lunacy i2 London thad in .other towns. _ Drink stands out prominâ€" ently as the chief cause for this terrible state of alfairs. "In a recent publishied report isâ€" sued by the County Council‘s comâ€" mittee, the medical cuperlnmdont stated that out of~ 958 pationts admitted 217 O these were due to l ‘"‘intemperance in drink‘â€"thus oneâ€" fourth of the lunacy is Oue td a I wickeq vice which can be avo‘ded. Thie painful but only conclusion we can arrive at is thiat London is the most intemperate city in the world. f l "There are MADY lunatice at the present day who might be managed psent JAY ®"". "«a@ of an asylum, mittee, tho I stated thiat _ admitted 217 'mtempel'.lloo fourth of th wickeq vice 1 The pau.lful % Eee . ECCC can arrive at is U . ine the most intemperate city in the world. Bf "There are MADY lunatice at the present day who might be managed outside the precinets of an asylum, andltl-tobehopedmt when any new Act is passed provisione will be made for AD intermediate clas@ of pergons, alleged to be insane, wWho, are deemed curable and ought to be given a chance of recovery before beâ€" ing thrust into & lunatic asylum, and so branded for life. "At the present time, notwithâ€" standiug the advancement in civiliza«â€" tion, there is no receptacle for sucd cases. If certifiable, though harmless, they have to be legally placed in liâ€" censed Institutions among dangerous and nolsy funatics, whose very conâ€" duct aggravates the mild form of mental malady from which they may be suffering, and frequently converts a curable attack into a chronic one. "go long as this state of affairs exists so must the amount of lunacy gradually increare, C .o T have had upâ€" <bav * ireptials‘ / "For many Yers 50"*"" ‘"s nof wardas of 8,000 attendances of poor people mentally afflicted at my hosâ€" pital, Some of the histories of the cases would well account for the inâ€" crease in insanity. Persons who have been incarcerated in asylumm~ are allowed to marry. Some who suffer from â€"recurrent insanity £0 back home between the attacks and bear 7 AD Lo ke : Wnn arhikks [14.04 101A ", hoib P ecngntntnt children. Speaking generally, dren of Grunken parents e come insane or are afflicted same vice as their pn:entc. home between BC 1"""" \V_ the 6 children. Speaking generally, the chilâ€" dren of Grunken parents either beâ€" come insane or are afflicted with the same vice as their parents. "Let us frame a law to regard habâ€" itual drunkenness a# A form of lunâ€" acy, as it really is. Let us deal with the victime to it in a proper way, by legally restraining them, and lunacy will soon rapidly decrea se."â€"London Expres#. h Originally it Was Blade Carricd EVOLUTION OF THE BAYONET ‘ In 1689 two rings were added by which the bayonet was placed _ on the muzzle without inter{ering with the firing. This improvement, the inâ€" vention of Gen. Mackay, and Engâ€" lish officer, was introduced inâ€" to the French army in _ Vauâ€" tan in 1703, by the English thomselves it was not ndopted unâ€" til after the battle of Fontenoy, 1745, where the advantages its use conferred on the French were only too plainfully manifest, the Duke of Cumberland‘s army being defeated with the Joss of 15,000 men. The Modern School ol Alliteratisats We walk in the wide, white wood and watoh For the whinnying wind to woo, In wisful wile, with the whiskers, wan, O[ the wee, wet, wisns of dew ; And the wounded, whinsical waves we weave 4 Are woven in W. 1st o1 d We wander and watcl, and we wake ) We find our of W. vo work Tle wail of the wellâ€"toâ€"do, Who wonder well at the winning Ol, to weep and wile is a woman‘s w isk, And to wast in the water, too Yet whe â€" wants to write and she wiskos to wear The wings of a wizard too. / A Whky; will she warble in wanton wise The wonderful (W2 â€"Gellett Burgess, in Harpor‘s Magâ€" azine,, for January. . I We wilt into whispers new ; And the woelul, weird and woozls| Between India and Africa lies the bottost place on earth. The Aval Islands cover a fairly extensive area of the Persian Gull, lying off the southwest coast of Persia, and it is the largest of them which enjoys the doubiful distinection of leading all porspiring competitors in the matter of heat. The mean temperâ€" ature [ Bahrein for the entire year is 99 degrees. July, August and sepâ€" tember, are unendurable to all but the natives. Night aiter night, as midnight comes, the thermometer shows 100 degrees. By 7 in the mornâ€" Ing it is 107 or 108, and by 4 in the afternoon, 140. k It is stated by veracious travellers that 75,000 Arabs inhabit tho Aval group, fully 25,000 living on Balâ€" rein, in which connection Sir Henry Layard adds: "It would seem tlat i man can accustom limself to anyâ€" thing." The following are the temâ€" peratures at some of the hottest places in different countries: Hyderâ€" abad, 105 ; Labore, 107 ; El Paso, 113; Mosul, 117 ; Agra, 117 ; Death Valâ€" ley, 122 ; "Algeria,â€" 127 ; Fort Yuma, Glass coffine are extiensively used : the highest north of Buropean Hottest Piace on Earth apon Jang Rapier ! # M to \A RUSSIA‘S ‘The Russian Empire poss biggest fighting machine wiorki in the shape of its a ravy, and there is no ot tary foree of which th knowss so little. Even the numerical #treng army is largely a matter jecture. As nearly as can b «d, the force available for on the earlier #tages . of amousts to nearly 3,100,0( in cage of national emergt forco could be swelled to : 500,000 fighting men by t out of the Territorial Ros the Opoichenie, or militia. ‘This vast army is more t as largo as the populatiof York city, more than twice as tho Germad Army, wai mobilized, is estimated 1o total of 3,036,000 trained m the order of Oct. 24, 19 strongth of the United Atai was Tixed at 107855 menâ€" onéaseventieth of that of Blian . But Russia does not d this immense army aloo one of the biggest nay workd, or, â€"rather, thr navies, each with its s garizsation and #separate is in the Pacific, a seo Baltic and a third in the Inr many respects the us and Navy differ matorially forees of other Powers. is the keynote of the a tion of both services W of both the army and the carefuily concealed, and #o things, not usually hidden na tione Por exampie, the all munition for target j Russian Navy has be the past year or two American Navy. Ev wot generally known skiler can tel whether traoitiinary efforts 1 markmanship of the to the highest point have bees successfu‘ the fact t through a c« is concealed tween ships American N and nc Ri enjoy the y bhowever m Absolute s are #nil time of service is tha in all respect the same ran efficient. &ana upon pa ecally th cersing oeuvres It VijCk m The to the misutest 0 Theore is hardly the day‘s routine an English manâ€"o! men and Officers rangements, the (W 0 ul parti Cas m .i 11 res , the all targeot ; has ber or two the station men J W T U Â¥ it d ni