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of No ue Even the numerical strength of the army is largely a matter of conâ€" jecture. _ As nearly as can be reckonâ€" ««1, the force available for carrying on the earlier stages of a _ war amourts to nearly 3$,100,000. But in case of national emergency this force could be swelled to about 7,â€" 1000 fighting men by the calling out of the Territorial Reserve and the Opoichenie, or militia. RUSSIA‘S FIGHTING MACHINE The Russian Empire possesses the biggest fighting machine in the worki in the shape of its army and ravy, and there is no other miliâ€" tary force of which the world knows so little. This vast army is more than twice as inrgo as the population of New York city, more than twice as large as tho German Army, which, when mobilized, is estimated to have a Lotal of 3,036,000 trained men. Unden the order of Oct. 24, 1902, the strecgth of the United States Army was Tixed at 107,855 menâ€"less than onéhkseventieth of that of the Rusâ€" LN . ut Russia does not depend upon this immense army alone. She has one of the biggest navies in the worlkd, or, â€"rather, three distinct navles, each with its separate orâ€" garization and separate basze. One is in the Pacific, a second in the Bailtic and a third in the Black Sea. In many respects the Russian Army and Navy differ materially from the lorces of other Powers. Reticence is the keynote of the administraâ€" ton of both servicos. The secrets ol both the army and the navy are carefu.ly concealed, and #so are many things, not usually hidden by other na thone For example, the allowance of amâ€" munition for target practice in the Russian Navy has been as large in the past year or two as that in the American Navy. Even this fact is wot generaily known, and no outâ€" skler can tel whether the recent exâ€" traoitilsary efforts to bring the markmanship of the gun crews up to the highast point of efficiency, bave been successful. The scores are not divulged, evon the fact that a ship has gone through a course of target practice is concealed. The keen rivalry beâ€" tween ships, so prevalent in the American Navy, is thus imposs.ble, aixl nc Russian vessel could ever enjoy the wide fame of the ‘Alabama, howerer much she might deserve it. Absolute secrecy is maintained conâ€" cersiing all naval and militaryâ€"manaâ€" 0euyvres. It is considered bad for the serâ€" vice to allow the limolight to fali upon particular men, however heroiâ€" cally they may havo acted. And it is considered to be bad for the men, tooâ€"in which belie{f the Russian adâ€" ministrators show, a pretty good knowledgo of human nature. A sailor may jump overboard and rescue his captain from death in shark infested waters, or a stoketr may dare appaliling danger to save the lifo of a comrade in an engineâ€" room accident. In due course, he will be rewarded and promoted, and throughout his career his superiors wili remember the deed in his favyor, but it will never become public, Even cases of individual heroism are similarly concealed, except in time of wa. The theory of the service is that every man is equal in all respects to his comrade of the same rark. Ho is as brave, as efficient. &ana as loval. or evei As) administrat and heavily vails, of cor is often mo thai in the is most fait sonâ€"schley controversy poswible the The Russh vices are C thai every shall enter at+ tha aca Rewards, promotions and distineâ€" tions â€" aroe announced oaly in war time or in cases of vory exceptional merit, and even in those tases no reference whatever is made to the occasion of the reward or special commendation in any published reâ€" ports or orders. No criticism of anything connectâ€" «@1 with the army or nayy is allowâ€" «wl, even though it be of a comâ€" memn<latory nature. No officer or enlisted man is permitted to critiâ€" cize â€" a brother officet or enlisted man, except in the strictest line of duty. Breaches of~ this rule are most strictly punished, and to it are largely due the harmony and goox!l fellowship of the Russian serâ€" vices. mt we me~r contented. 3 Enlistment is for three years, with with the priviiege of reelistment only upoo condition that the candidate has been promoted during his term In this respoct the Russian service differs from most other services. This peculiar provision has the merit of ensuring that all the vetâ€" o OX ars nieked mon, while soldiers merit of epsuring that all the vetâ€" eranms aro picked mon, while soldiers sirt sailors of only average quality aroc climinated in due course. The recruil for the naval service is usually recoived, after passing his physical cxamination, at one of the great Russian naval basesâ€"Kronâ€" «tadt. St. Peterburg, Port Arthur or Viadisvostok. After a brief term in barracks there ho is sent to a trainâ€" ing ship, and then promoted to a battleship, cruisor or other vesselâ€" the class of ship which he is sent being determined by his proficiency, a peculiar feature of the Russian serâ€" vie® «c [ PA ° 0 00 L0 c ul. 46) mredinlloft very VA W P54 The Russian nayy is modelled vyery closely upon that of England. The Russian army is modelled on the Gerâ€" man. In both casos the examples choses as the best have been copied . to the minutest detail. There is bardly any difference in the day‘s routine on & Russian @nd an English manâ€"ofâ€"war. The duties of men and Officers, the messing arâ€" rangements, the stations, the drilis, \my public criticism of the service cven any minor department of its ministration is sternly prohibited : heavily punished. Thic rule preâ€" i1s, of course, in other services, but often more bhonored in the breach a: in the observance. In Russia it most *aithfully observed. TheSampâ€" iâ€"schley quarrel and the Buller i misht be sapnosed1 that this would id to difficalcies, as there might be e mon choosing one service than 1c needed, and fewer choosing the her. But this is not so. The system rks well, amd helps to make the bie there. â€" > Russiaa naval and military sorâ€" are compulsory, the rule being every male of sourd physique enteor one sorvice or the other he ago of 20 years. But the reâ€" is allowed to choose which serâ€" he will eater. niâ€"ht be supnose1l that this would io difficalcies, as there might be â€" won choosing one service than woul r three years, with > of reelistment only hat the candidate ed during his term the Russian service bs jually imâ€" All government in Russia is, of course, essentially autocratic, and the spirit is nowhere stronger than in the naval and military services. Yet there is no discontent in the Rusâ€" Slan army and navy, however much toere may be among some grades of Russian civilians. ® Tue reason is that the man in the enlisted ranks lives better, dresses better, and has more money to spend than the average peasant of his class in civil life. He has profited materâ€" lally by becoming a soldier or sailor, in which respect he differs from the enlisted man in most other services. the regulstionsâ€"all are actic the same. f oC x Thecipline is administered â€" under Articles of War formulated bYy Imâ€" perial ukase. It is far stricter than. in tte British service, which, again, is far stricter than the American. As a general rule, the officers are liked by their men, and the mere fact that every Russian soldier and sailor refers habitualiy to the Czar as the Little Father will give foreigners some idea of the intense loyalty which pervades the services. As for the rigid discipline, it is only what be has always known. The Rusâ€" slan peasant is accustomed to the irnon neel from infancy. ~â€" In the nonâ€"commissioned ranks, the grades are about the same as in the British navy, but the men have less authority, receive less pay, and have fewer privileges. The pay ol a Rusâ€" sian seaman is only 830 kopecks every ten days, a kopeck being about threeâ€" quarters of a cent, + Nevertieless, the seaman‘s mess on the Pacil.c and Baitic statiocs comâ€" pares lavorably even with that on American ships, where the sailors are said to be the best fed in the world. Tue same is measurably true of the Black Sea fleet. BB cidhl AB ts <<>~ ie oificers‘ messes are supported by fixed contributioas from all the wilicers according to their rauk, and the british idea of gunroom and wardroom messes is carried out on the larger Russian ships. § ¢ y Elgibiiity lTor the commissioned ranks in both services depends upon birth and educational qualification. It is necessary that candidates be well born. - Their parents must have been of noble birtk, or members o( the Govâ€" erament or the civil wervice, or ofâ€" ficers in thke army or navy, orâ€"to quote the words oi the imperial ukase on the subjectâ€""personas o( subâ€" stance, wlho mever kep: an open store or market." Tlat is to say, the son of a rich merchant would be cligible for a mommission, but a tradâ€" er‘s son would not. In addition to the qualification of birth and {amily, candidates must Lave passed the (inal examination in the gymnasium, which is about the equivalent of that for entrance t the hgher class of Americamn univerâ€" sities, or the final examination of the best American high schools. The pay i»f officers in both serâ€" vices is practically nomiral. That of & junior licutenant in the navy is 100 roubles a mon‘th, about $50 in American money, as compared with $150 a month for the same rank in the American Navy. Russian officers enter the service for a wcareer, never for a livelihood. Any man with social ambitions in Ruesia must become am oificer of either the army or navy, unless he be a person i transcendent ability, No father would thisk of entering is son in the cadet school unless e could give him a suitable income with which to maintain his rank. In the British Navy and other fleets the officers of the higher ranks receive liberal allowances from the Govertment to defray the expenses of the frequent entertainments givâ€" en when in port, or when foregathâ€" ered with the warships of other countrics. There are no such allowâ€" ances in the Russian service. The officers have to pa‘y every cent out of their own pockets, and yiet nowhere is hospitality more magmi{liâ€" contly dispensed than on a Russian warslip. It has becoms a proverb in all the ports of the world visited by naval vessels. In point of scamanskhip, the Rusâ€" slan naval officer compares fayorâ€" wbly with tho officer of any other sorvice. There are two good reaâ€" sous for this. 6O In the first place, if not better ed. ccated, his education has certainly progressed further at the time of is entrarce into the Naval Academy at Kronstadt than that of either the Eprglisis or American cadet ; and, in the second place, he is uander fas morc éffective compailsion to keoep up is book studies when afloat. But mere book learning will not take a lad far in the Russian service. No cadet is cligible for promotion to the rark of lieutenant untii he has majde a trip around the world in a Eussian manâ€"o.â€"war. That is his post graduate course after he leaves the Naval Academy. _ > f is The standard of disipline in the commissioned ranks of both services is similar to that in the armies and navie: of other nations, with this striking difference, that off duty ihoere are practeally no distinctions oi rank among the officers. In the mess room or at ‘the card table, the junior lieutemnant does not Ccfer respect{ully to the colonel of his regiment or to the captain of his ship, as he would do in other ser. vices. On the contrary, he is hale fcl‘ow well met with him. * 6 There is a remarkable spirit of brotherhood in a Russian mess, and one officer stands absolutely upon an equality with another. It is this feature of Russian military life whch most surprises foreign officers wher they dine on a Russian warship or with a garrison mess. 5 7 # ’J‘N;- stare in amazement wher they hsar a mere boy of a lieutenant cal‘ hig colonel by his Christian name; or ever chaff him as he might have cbaffel one of his chums at the Naval Acadgemly. . _ .. _ ciah . 1 Certain distinctions in the commisâ€" sone| ranks aro peculiar to the Rusâ€" siam Navy and form an interesting link with the past. A boy enters the service as a naval cadet, and the ranks to which he may be promoted sre tho following ; * Â¥# â€" Cedet®ol th6e Navy, jurior©Lientenâ€" ant, Lieutenant of the Navy, Capâ€" tain of tho Navy, Captain ol Corâ€" vette, Captain of Frigate, Commoâ€" dore, â€" Viceâ€"Admiral, Admiral and Admiral "of the Navy: | ..( Sya One branch of the Russian Army is totally unlike any force possessâ€" ea oy other civilized powers. It is, of course, the Cossack levy, which numbers 142,000 men. Every ableâ€" bodied Cossack is liable to service, without limit of age, He becomes liable at 18, and the liability does not ceaso so iong as he is able to Tide a horse or carry a gun. But only a proportion of the Cossacks serve at one â€" tims. The rest have unlimited leave or belong to the reserve. . f These raznks are adopted Trom the British Nary in the time of Peter the Great, and have remained unâ€" changed ever since then. The corâ€" vettes andâ€" frigates disappeared long ago, ‘but the titles are reâ€" tained. The Cossack feels ‘the burden of military service more heavily than any ¢ther man in tne world. At 18 he begins three years‘ preparatory service in the locality where he dwells. 6 After that is over he is draited into one of the three Cossack bands for twelve years‘ service in any part of the empire. He spends seven years with the colors and {five years with the reserve, a tThe men of this last reserve have to supply and maintain at their own expense their horses, arms, clothing and equipment. Thus a bighly important® addition to the Russian Army is kept up at the cost of the men themselves. After these fifteen years of serâ€" vice the veteran might be supposed to have done his duty to the naâ€" tion. But there is a still further reserve, which comprises â€" all ableâ€" bodied Cossacks not included in the other forces. The veteran has to join this body and remain in it unâ€" til he is enfeebled by age. A Cycione Defying Barn. A circular barn, one of the most unique structures ever evrected on an Indiana farm, has been completâ€" ed by James Sears, whose farm is near Lapel, Ind. The walls, or raâ€" ther wall of the barn, is 25 feet high and 65 feet in diameter, the roof running to a cone. There is no such thing as a post or pillar in the barn. In order to prevent the weight of the reol from spreading the wall, Sears, who is a practical blacksmith, forged three heavy steel hoops, and ‘with theso he encircled the structure as a band would be put around a big water tank. The barn is cyclone proof, for Boreas has no chance to get a hold on the structure. The stalls for horses and cattle are arranged in â€" a circle, there is a big feeding room in the centre, and a silo extends from the ground to the roof‘s cone. Mr. Sears claims that he can shelter more stock and stow â€" away more feed in the barn than in the ordinary The most practicable basket . for household use is fitted with a cover, and has compartments for soap, cloth and brushes. * The number of brushes is large, and for a few cents dif{erent styles may be had that are great aids in cleanâ€" ing water bottles, registers, etc., and a longâ€"handled, weighted waxing brush is a necessity where there are hardwood floors. . farm s{iructure. A rubberâ€"edged implement such as are used to clean the windows of ofâ€" fice buildings, will be found just as useful in the home. A similar one of smalier size will quickly and easily clean a sink, and a_ sink strainer, which keeps all soiled matter comâ€" pact, is a household necessity. 1 oS 1 IST . m x LC Ni h in‘ C t cndhy ds le Crmendiithus in id c t diol & A skillet, with a _ fryingâ€"basket, side on which the wire basket may be suspended to drain, is a great help in preventing greasy food. Por fish, a sheet of Russia iron with a handle at each end, is on view. This is greased and put in the dripping pan, so that the fish when cooked may be easily slipped from it to the platter without brqaklng. _ Fancy cookie cutters in innumerâ€" able shapes may be had for a trille, i;nd are especially pleasing to chilâ€" ren. & f For two dollars a housewile may get a set of five beating bowls ef white enamel ware, light in weight, with solid bases, and very durable. They are very convenient for mixing cakes and batters of all kinds. A goad catâ€"the kind you want to have in the house, il anyâ€"will have a round, stubby, pug nose, full, {at cheeks and upper lip, and â€" a we!lâ€"developed burp on top of the head, behird the ears, betokening goo(l nature. A sleepy cat, that nurrs a good deal, is apt to ‘be goo(l nature. A gleepy cat, that purrs a good â€" deal, is apt to be piavial and goodâ€"natared. | By all means to be avoided is a cat with thin, sharp mose _ and twitching ears. It must be rememâ€" bered, also,. that a gocl mouser is not necessgarily a gentle or desirâ€" able pet. Although any rood cat will catch mice if she i# not overâ€" fed, quick, full, expressive cyes genâ€" eraily betoken a good mouser. The greatest mistakeâ€"and probaâ€" bly the most common oneâ€"in the care of domestic cats, is overfeedâ€" ing ; particularly, too much meat. In _ wild Yifle the cat has exercise which enablesgs her to digest her food. In ‘the lazy house life the AGOQGL A21. NRRY ENe ATVPWT o BBF Eus same full feeding leads to stomach troubles and to fits. Sir Lauder Brunton, who has a SCiâ€" entificâ€"sourding name, writes to an Engiish paper that hbe has suffered from brainâ€"{fag, and that it occurrel to him that, if the blood would not come to the brain, the bost <thing would be to bring the brain down to the blood. "I laid my head flat upon the table," says the scientific Sir Lauder, "and at once my ideas began to flow." Here we have the first glimmerings of the scientific cure for intellectual indolence. When men are more â€" advanced they will stand on their heads, and the ideas will not merely fiow, but come ‘tushing out in a perfect ‘torrent. 1 Abcricha nlind. ~«irtegeist» Wihtninocteniin anntoes ts declares that women are less sengiâ€" tivo to pain then men, and actually feel leas of it in a given operation, Experiments of 100 women led bim to the conclusion that they were not more than ballf as sensitive to pain at the top of the forefinger as the average mere man. This is confirmâ€" atory‘ of a fact well known to surgâ€" eons and dentists. ;. ; . | j A European scientist of dlsflnctic_)‘n EiE Pn nnOmEL Ne (a c n e sirtraned phls Ch o ing a HouseCat. Housckeeping Hints. 20 |°"| For a long time woman met no end ®!of rebulf and discouragement whken °* | abe wanted to insure her life. Some h companies did take women as risks, ®!but severe conditions and specificaâ€" 28 i tions were entered on Ttheir policies. '3; A woman was compelled to pass a 91 | piisical examinaition evdn more rigld than that required ol men, ADd then, if accepted, was called upon to pay. an extra premium to cover any fatality that might befall ber, simâ€" piy, because ske was a woman. But a great ckange has taken place. PreJudices against women Lave been thrown outâ€" by some companâ€" ies only witkin the last yearâ€" and thke privilege of insuring them is soâ€" licited as eagerly; as if they, were men. . Witk woman‘s entrance into busiâ€" ness life ske has grown to look upâ€" on life insurance as a good investâ€" ment for Ler money. The books of all the large companies show that thke majority of the women insured by| them are self_-suppor:tlflg. 5 in . wl 1k t i6 canitetiisintos ons A PP PC 0w It will be seen by, thke following inâ€" . terviews just Lbow woman is looked. upon as a risk by life insurance comâ€" panies â€"Low she is received as a most welcome risk, and Low, after all tkese years of discouragement, ste is actually conceded to live longâ€" er than man. It has taken fifty years to convince some companies tkat she does live as long as a man. | | ; Some insurance men maintain that ttey always considered her as good a risk as a man if se could benorâ€" mally: selected. The normal selection seems to Lave been the open quesâ€" tion. but now thiat women have creâ€" ated a demand for themeelves as life insurance risks there seems to be no longer any dissension upon this point at least. < "aidad There is no man who has done more to bring about the present atâ€" titude df life insurance companies toâ€" ward women than Gage E. Tarbell; second viceâ€"president of the Equitâ€" able,. i + "I have always maintained That women were ‘as good risks as men, if properly selecteds," . said Mr. Tarâ€" bell. "In the past, companies did not agree with me, nor did our forâ€" mer expedience bear out thie preâ€" dication ; but now that wo are getâ€" ting a normal selection of women just tho same as men, it carries the proof that women are just as good riskc as menâ€"so far so thiat the extra charge of $5 a thousand forâ€" merly placed on â€" women‘s policies ~has been discontinued. _ _"This great revolution, IL might say, began about the year 1890, }whuch we cite as the beginning of ‘woman‘s age.‘ In other words, woâ€" men then began to enter the busiâ€" ness fields in competition with men. Toâ€"day in many vrocations the sexes are almost equal, and a â€" woman 'lms just as much right to insure |tnerself against the incompetences of GLAD TO INSURE WOMEN â€"NOW old ago, or place a valuation on life, ‘to be realized at her death by her children or those dependent upon ber, as a man. c * "I have always advocated this idea, but we muct possibly attriâ€" buto the present number of women policyâ€"holders to the great change which has taken place in woman‘s position. C i EC OBIUAUS T s "This new basis has opened up a tremendous field. Think of _ the teachers, think of the nurses, think of the secretaries, think . of the women who have entered the cleriâ€" cal fields, of those who have branchâ€" ed out into business on equal fooitâ€" ing with men, and you have a fair idea of the proportion of women breadwinners, as compared with the m8t' 8 a u+ ® EDT "No," said Mr. Tarbell, in answer to a question, "we do not usually insure a woman for the henefit of her husband. Our rule is that wo ask the husband to insure for the benefit of his wife at the same time. Puk y + "We always carelfully â€" scrutinize such cases in regard to character, and there are many conditions and specifications which cannot well be enumerated here. If, however, it is the wife who has the income, or if her estate is entailed, we frequentâ€" ly issue a _ policy in favor of the husband. This company will issue policies on women at from $1,000 up to ‘the full limit we carry on a single life." t In the absence of President Mcâ€" Call, of ‘thie New York Life, who is in Europe, James M. Hudnut, as his representative, was asked to voice the attitude of the company toâ€" ward women. * "We certaialy welcome . women now," said Mr. Hudnut, "although a great many changes have taken place in this company with respect to them. In the past we always conâ€" sidered them a far greater rigk than men, and for this reason a greater premium was asked. Now we will take any woman who can pass a rorfect nhysical examination and has perfect physical examination and las a sufficieat income to meet her preâ€" miums. "We have this exception, . howâ€" ever : Tor women to insure their lives for the benefit of their husâ€" bands, or for a man to insure the life of his wife for his own beneâ€" fit. is still a question with us as far as the wisdom of such a course is concerned. Many companies will not entertain such a risk under any cireumsta oces. "These are always cases for closest investigation. If, however, a husâ€" band and wife insure Tor the benefit of each other we will issue the two policies. 1 8 C Eie ce uie P de Oa e E Nannes "We havre many mothers who take out 15 yenr policies as a means of educating their children. _If the polâ€" icy is taken out at the birth of a child, it will mature at exactly the right time to do the most good. Again, mothers in this way build up the capital with which. . a son or daughter can launch into business. "Professional men find life insurâ€" ance the only protection to the value ttey havo put into technical study and training. Why should not woâ€" moeon be allowed to jook ‘upon it in the same light ?" 4 â€""Is it true that tho mortality among women is considered greater than that of men?" was asked. . _"Our past experience has led us to lok on them as shorter lived," said Great Change in the Policy of the Life Insurance Companies. .. > . W is o9 (*ads. y Mr. Hudnut, "but after considering the average and comparing them with the men, we have placed them on an equaility with men, and « in many cases have {ound them to live longer. Woman hs a rule, however, cannot pass as perfect an examinaâ€" tion as a man, and for this reason is always looked upon as a greater "If a woman lails to pass the physical examination is she told the reason â€" why ?" "Xo, we do not give any reasons. We simply refer her to her family physician. In this manner she is often able to ~find out some ailment of which she was not aware, and someâ€" times a cure is effected. If on the other hand she has passed the examâ€" ination, #ghe knows she has the best hearith certificate that can be obâ€" tained." â€" George B. Woodward, Third Viceâ€" Pregsident of the Metropolitan Life "The greatest reason why insurâ€" ance companies used to discriminate against carrying risks on women, and somec till do, is because of what we call the moral hazard. By moral hazard we mean #gomething that makes us suspicious of the risk aside from the phy, _al condition. . _ "We have naturally grown to look up>on men as the breadwinners, and at their death there is necessarily a family to be taken care of, but when we find that a woman has really no reasgon to insure her life, that there is no one dependent upon her, that she is not a wage earner hersell, we investigate her cause for insuring very rigidly. This, however, pertains to the woman whose beire would be benelited only by her aeath. ‘The premiums on politiee maturing at death are much smaller than the enâ€" dowment premiumés. | . 4 "»snouldâ€" a woman take out an enâ€" dowment policy there is much else to consider. She does it as a money inâ€" vestment or as an assurance for old age. The only epecification enforced here is that she can pass her examâ€" ination and be able to meet her premâ€" iums. 1 "This taken into consideration, we will ingure women as readily as men. On the life of a woman, however, up to the age of 48 we charge $5 a thouâ€" eand extra on whole life and twentyâ€" year payment. On endowment and tenâ€"year payment we charge nothing extra. Our experience shows that womet generally live longer than Lifte insurance also supplies a proâ€" fitable field of work to women now. Toâ€"day countless women who yesâ€" terday struggled along on a pittance are writing insurance at large proâ€" fit to themselves. â€""No company, if it could insgure 100,000 women as indiscriminately as imen, would refuse them. ']Q?ey would be glad to get them, but, unforâ€" tunately, so far, this seems to be imâ€" possible. _ 1 ak y 3 tion." IIt a woman is particularly bright and energetic she can command an income of $5,000 a year, devotâ€" ing only half her time to the busiâ€" ness Her commissions dep>nd wholâ€" ly upon herself, and if she is what is called a "good closer," which means that she is quick in closing a deal she is bound to pile up a bank acâ€" count with astonishing rapidity. "Ordinarily we do not carry such large risks on women as upon men. If we were satislied that a woman was a saie risk, for instance if she was a woman of independent wealth, we would then make no discriminaâ€" There is possibly no woman in New Â¥York more enthusiastic about life inâ€" surance, or who knows more about it from a woman‘s point of view than Miss A. L. Amendt, assistant to Mr. Tarbell. She has had long experiâ€" ence and is known all over the counâ€" try as a successful life insurance woman. + j * "The possibilities for women in life insurance as a business are limâ€" itless," said Miss Amendt. "With all the women who are working at it now, and mapy of them are making very great commissions, it is still very great commissions, it is still a virgin field, and it is utteriy imâ€" possible to tell what the developâ€" ments eventually will be. "From my exp>r.ence with the work to my mind life insurance is the best business a woman can engage in. It opens up an entirely new life to her, she is absolutely independent, ani bost of all, she ksows the is makâ€" money. Furthermore, she is able to lift herself out of the rut of women‘s occupations in general. | i "In life insurance a woman has the most broadening experience. Fhe meets all classes of people, and and commands respect wherever she goes. .| "Ir a short time she develops enâ€" tirely new facuities. She learns to read buman rature, which is the tel!â€" ing part of the business. She meets many busy people, and it is generally loft to her to diagnose the wanls and needs of a person, just as a docâ€" tor prescribes for a patient. She must know what kind of insurance a client needs, and must be able to suggest the most profitable for his or her invesiment. 5 "I have always been the greatost believer in women â€" devoting | their best energies to éome kind of pro{fit. This should be the ambition of every woman, and if I ever see an intelliâ€" gent girl struggling along on a small salary, I am only too anxious to inâ€" spire ber enthusiasm toward taking up this work, for it not only broad> ens her life, bu tgives her a splendid income. l ind ag "She is no longer tied down to ofâ€" fice hours, but can come and go as she pleases. Of course the work is on commiksion, and it depends upon the girl herself as to the size of her inâ€" come, but I have women in mind now whose yearly incomes would hardly be believed. [ "As soon as a woman secures her contract, ahe is immediately put with someone who understands the busiâ€" nese, to be coached and trained into a fullâ€"{ledaged worker. While there is a great deal to be learned in the | business, and one could work in it | for years and learn something new every day, yet an ordiznarily lntelll-‘ gent woman can start right out and earn money the first week. _ _ "Fopr her own benefit I should adâ€" vise anoy girl or woman whose cireumâ€" stances bhave compelied her to be a breadâ€"winner to grasp these excelâ€" lent opportunities. It will oniy reâ€" TORONTO aeyl o 7 the European Trade. A emaill vessel arrived at Bergen, Norway, last month, with 300 tons ot coal from Bpitzbergen. It was obtained on the southwest coast of that Arctic land, not by mining, but by knocking to pieces the oulcrop which is found ajJong those shores, The coal was found to be excellent both for steam purposes and for the manuflacture of gas. It buros with a sg,h flame anpd is extremely comâ€" bu le. A coal mining expert who accomâ€" panied this vessel has made a very favoraple report, on the basis of which it is now planned to send 5O miners to Spitzbergen early next summer. It is said that mining may be kept up the year around, but of course the coal can be tru;ported only in summer. It is believ that 25000 tons may be ready for shipâ€" ment next year. _ I l The expert reports that the coal may be mined to excellent advanâ€" tage. There is no costly ground to buy, no property considerations to interfere, and transportation from the mines to the ships will be inexâ€" pensive, the situation of the mines favoring the towage by rope of railroad cars loaded at the mines. He thinks the cost of the coal deâ€" livered in Norway will not exceed The coal fields found in southâ€" western Spitzbergen are far larger and more promising than any other yet discovered in the Arctic regions, though coal beds have been found near the sea in Greenland, and the fuel has been exceedingly uselul to a few Arctic exploring expeditions, Hunt Goats From a Boat. Only in Ireland does one find buntâ€" era stalking wild goat in boats, says the New York Journal. Almost any fine day along the northern coast of the Gaelic Isle, the visitor may see parties in skiffs cruising near the bage of the immense cliffe that face the Atlantic, waiting for a good shot at the goats which inhabit the "rung" of the cliffe. * To bring one down requires not only good aim, but a certain amount of luck, since the wounded animal is quite as likely to fall dead on the unapproachable run as it is to drop into the sea whence the hunter can pull him into the boat. M ustt It Has Just Made~Its Appearance in Probably the first question that presents itsel{ to strangers is how the goats ever got where they are â€"on narrow lodges hundreds of feet below the top of the clifie and hunâ€" dreds of feet above the foot. ‘The workings of nature, the huntsmen will tell them, put the goats there. The constant eating of the ceean at the base of the cliffs, causes freâ€" quent falling of rock from the face of ‘the crags niching them with with ledges. On these the goats have for centurics been tumbled with the rock s@lides from above, and once there, they are unable to get either up or down. Undisturbed for years, they multiplied in number until now the ledges or "runs," as they are {,ermed locally, are well stocked with hem, _ make money, which is the patural bent .of* all business women, besides having phnt{':‘r' outdoor life. EL women only it, it is the roppor= tunity of their lifetime." Â¥ >R golre a ahort time to see if she is fitâ€" ted for the work, and if so, she will on people who never even had warts. Lots of pretty poor poetry goes through the mails as iirstâ€"class matter, _ Some p'e';)‘pl;wfit'\t on so many airs that they become reticent just because talk u. " en | n o Some people never talk about their neighbors because they are too busy talking about themselves. After all, dyspepsia has its comfortâ€" able side. A man may attribute it to a naturaly ugly disposition. Mrs. Mugginsâ€"f hear you havea new cook. Mrs. Bugginsâ€"Oh, no; she‘s been: with us for mrearly two weeks. Nature is not always kind, Yet must be obeyed. Poets bring the thought to mind; They are born, not made. Wiggâ€"You Bjones looks like a deep thinker. â€" Waggâ€"Well. if he is, his thoughts must be so deep that they never get to the surface. _ o o c aget _ Any pugilist will tcll you that a punch in the bow! is worth two in the mouth. C pessd _ There would‘t be so much conceit in the world if we could see ourselves as others see us. <+ 9 Ofi Whcntniga‘s n Blobbsâ€"Harduppe is a very plausible sort of fellow, isn‘t he? Slobbsâ€"Yes; he can actually make you feel that he is doing you a favor by borrowing your money. # The New Yorkerâ€" of Philadelphia was delphianâ€"Oh, that‘s Noellâ€"Before thes Nellâ€"Before they wi used to say she could him. â€" Belleâ€"And â€" now finds it quite easy ? Boston Trangeript, Lucky the literary man who can incur imperial dGdispleasure! _ The German lHeutenant who was cashierâ€" ed a short time ago for writing a novel that dealt disparagingly with army conditions is reported to be living in Vienna in great comfort from the royaltics of his book, and the fact that Emperor William has ordered also the suppression of Count Tojstof‘s pamphlet, "Thou Shalt Not Kill," will not ouly fatten the agâ€" thor‘s purse, but will give widespread publicity to the peace doctrines which are so dear to Tolstoi. , A A child oi 5 shoulid weigh fortyâ€" ore pounds, be forty.ont and ones ball . inches }nt helght.hanél h:ve ny cbest girth of twentyâ€"threc and oneâ€" Lbalf anehes.~*~ ~ 4 "The best way to manage a wife," says the fellow who has never had one, "is to let her think she is hays ing her own way." ; : e h flls wee renes PP vo fls b Aoieh 10 Te ciul 200 i d c dn c n dnks Normal Weight of Children. Advertising that Pays. ARCTIC COAL, CLIPPED I thought the press muzzled. The Philaâ€" only a gag. wore married she uldn‘t live without ow 1 suppose â€"she t# tap Riddhop on atc® â€" 6 P# Â¥4