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Prospered er ning in powerlh a‘ready been madeâ€" 00,000 0,000 ,000,000 00,000 0,000 )0, 000 ,000 000 the home )le, which : 1896 to >quivalent, endants of hose to ages give the creaâ€" iscal and roods. A manufacâ€" d her full istrial reâ€" is taken If the inâ€" employed nufacturâ€" f the adâ€" ic of proâ€" is creditâ€" Province. increased Canada‘s ‘mploying 0,.000 in ° trovrernâ€" nave been has been »mployed. crease in shown by i} n pOIicy, i stimulus nital emâ€" «h ive been , for the but the Act forbade a strike until a further settlement before a Board had been attempted. The machinery of the Act was applied by a tactful chairman, Prof. Shortt, recently appointed to the Civil Service Commission, and the result was a triumph over all difficulâ€" ties and the conctusion of a two years‘ agreement. This one agreement would have more than justiâ€" fled its existence on the statute book und the alight cost of administration. And this success is but one of more than two score similar successes that could be indicated, though they are not all of equal Importance to that of the Dominion Coal Company. The former Deputy Minister of Labor may well be congratulated on being the author of a measure s6 beneficlal to the indusâ€" trial community of Canada. The experience of eighteen months shows that this theory is wellâ€"groundâ€" ed. Not less than 50 disputes have been referred under the Lemieux Act, and in only two cases after an investlâ€" gation has taken place has a strike eccurred, one exception being that of the Canadian Pacific machinists now in progress; and the second, that of coal miners at Springhill, N.S. In each of these cases the findings of the Board had been in the nature of a comâ€" promige, hvo;t‘p. some contentions of each party. e findings in each case also had been accepted by the company and refused by the men. In the case of the Springhill strike the men, after a strike of three months, returned to work on the findings of the Board, and work is now being conducted on the basis of those findings. In the case of the Canadian Pacific and its maâ€" chinists, the company also put the findings of the Board into opera~â€" tion before the strike started. It will be generally admitted, however, that the amicable settlement of 48 out of 50 cases referred under the provisions of the Act is a very fair record, especiâ€" ally when it is taken into account that the machinery of the Act is new, and that the methods of working it best had to be learned by experience. Strikes Averted. In each of these 50 cases, the parties concerned made $worn statements that a strike or lockout would occur if the dispute was not settled by a reference under the Act. In all but two or three instances it was the strike, and not the lockout, that was declared to be impending, and it was the men who applied under the terms of the Act. In four or five cases the result is still pending. In all other cases but two the result of the reference has been to avert the threatened strike. (me example of the more important among the disputes arranged under the Act may be mentioned briefly. Seven thousand employes of the Dominion Coal Company of Nova Scotia applied for a Board. It was an open secret that the negotiations between _ the company and its employes had come to a deadlock, and that a strike of most disastrous character was pending. Neither side thought an amicable arâ€" rangement of the dispute possible, â€" THE CUONMUUEEINMS GF WEST ERN CANADA.â€"NO. 4.â€"THE FORTIFICATIONS. A sestes 0%$ aight cartoons drawn by AMrs,. C. W, Jefferys representing the con’u'o.t of Canada for civilization andthe men who are engaged im i 8 vnflmd&'lkumdl.oek. TD How CW. lerreey‘s U * on fevy / .(‘\.’, Â¥ m‘ s Wns "'.':-.‘:."""“ n gov es Nes «h Pps se 3 aâ€"_ / % Cboies ] 7 \~2) z_ f.‘-‘_{ 2 n s :'\_ ww A 4 V\ â€" i 7 :/f' 5A _ ‘X s “5~. A ~ ' 'z/}« P ) ’7‘ % s« "."'\{?; \_ o':_","llfig'l ‘:“:'I:“:’.‘ /‘ /[//\ [ ,\ -’Q\";\ /' :‘ / g"/; / 4,8% * o‘-. C :. £ 7 /:’:’ ;..\ | -\\t:l‘ \* 4/ L A ”""c "'-".l“'-.féér/// y # c m P !q h t y Aasr T3 3z A, DX h **~ i oys / # ':':/"'3’1., ',’ 44 *4 1 Eiberal Government Has P Il‘ 4 + "l. U 4/ "hy ‘ id ETCP H" HQt W1 q It is generally conceded that the net result of the election, outside of Onâ€" tario, will be to give a large majority to the Laurier Government. Conservaâ€" tive prophets hope, or profess to hope, that the Laurier majority elsewhere will be destroyed by an overwhelming Borden majority in Ontario. or so far reduced as to render it impossible to carry on government. By no possible figuring can they make out a substanâ€" tlal, working © Conservative majority; the best they can figure out is a deadâ€" lock, or a _ condition approaching a deadlock. Even this result is condiâ€" tlioned upon the expectation of an overâ€" whelming Borden majority in Ontario, a result which could be brought about only by a large body of Liberals voting for Conservative candidates, or stayâ€" Ing away from the polls. Can Mr. Borden, or any of his friends, give the, Liberals of Ontario a reâ€"son why they should weaken and embarrass thelri own leader, efface themselves, cease to play an influential part in the manâ€" agement of the affairs of Canada, and at the same time run the risk of creatâ€" Ing a deadlock and throwing the busiâ€" ness of the country into confusion? A Contrast, Not a Paraliel. The Toronto News says that Ontario ought to do this because Ontario ga.vel Whitney an overwhelming majority, and is fairly well satisfied with the result But curely the cases present a contrast rather than a parallel. In 1905 No Reason for Creating a Situation That Might Approach a Deadlock * _ â€"No Possible Chance of Conservative Victory in the Approaching Contest. ONTARIO LIBERALS WILL STRENGTHEN LAURIER ‘"*And Mr. Borden has said that purity is the issue in this campaign. If that be true, I accept the issue. If that be the challenge, I accept the challenge.‘"â€"Sir Wilfrid Laurier at Niagara Falls. 1J : is . *X LX s ‘4, ';."’w Cc A. .L y l > 2 â€" t y * n C f» Pt. â€", § â€"Qfl’ alp2"°@, nc > _~ 3 ~"~ es \ Af F ‘ 1 s NX *A m s zB ( | ty / // 2 & // fy f 2A w ; P ~ AMLSTy L * [ , f f NP i' m) I /) / l\ \ /‘,‘V . ’[ f // (al i7 7 . P 4 R 4. f C w & » '\ L/ . "Ir"l.u J“f f / /'/ \ C m ' 2 UV Ls 1y 14e mc te "als. "I ACCEPT THE ISSUE." (0 1 " t Ontario Liberals might very well reâ€" gard the result of the Provincial elecâ€" tions with resignation if not with enâ€" tire satisfaction, because they put an end to a condition which was satisfacâ€" tory neither to the party nor to the Province. But surely it is the height of unreason to expect that those Libâ€" erals who acqulesced in the giving of & great working majority to Whitney in Provincial affairs will seek to weaken and embarrass Laurier in Fedâ€" eral affairs, and to run the risk of creating a deadlock, such as was the main cause of trouble in Ontario before the change. A party may be asked to subordinate itself in order that the country may have peace and ordered government, but surely it ought not to be asked to efface itself in order that the affairs of the country may be thrown into confusion. The wise Libâ€" eral policy in this case is to strengthen Laurier‘s hands, and at the same time, by electing a strong Liberal conâ€" tingent from Ontario, to give Ontario Liberalism its rightful share in directâ€" ing the policy of Canada during the next Parliament. Protected the Workers‘ Interests the people of Ontario put an end to a deadlock. Toâ€"day they are virtually asked to create a deadlock, such as existed in Canada just before Confedâ€" eratio.1, or such as virtually existed in Ontario between 1898 and 1905. The consequences of the former deadlock were so serious that the remedy was found only in a vital change in the constitution of the country. As to the latter case, it would be conceded that the chief source of the evil was simply the numerical weakness of the Governâ€" ment, the fact that it could not comâ€" mand a working majority in the Legâ€" Islature. Will Strengthen Laurier. LAURIER AND THE LARGER CANADA kenzie. It may provide playgrounds, bathing facilities, cheap and easy access to woods and rivers and lakes, to places of health and beauty. But always let it be remembered that this work should be done as a matter, not of philanâ€" thropy, but of justice; that the workâ€" ers of Canada are entitled, as a matâ€" ter of right and justice, to share in the heritage of Canada. This is/the work that lies before Liberalism toâ€"day, just as responsible government was the work of the Liberals of seventy years ago. In this sense we hope to see William Lyon Mackenzie King carryâ€" Ing on the work of William Lyon Macâ€" We need have no anxlety as to the material progress of Canada. . That progress is assured. The prosperity which we now enjoy is only an earnest of the prosperity to come,. The reâ€" sources of Canada, its fertile soll, Its minerals, Its forests, Its water powâ€" ers, have only been touched. _ But greater than all these things is the condition of the people of Canada, of the workers in the fields and the forâ€" ests, the mines and the workshops. The Work of Liberalism. Canada will have great cities, great in pepulation and wealth, in huge facâ€" torles and magnificent residences. But there is shame as well as pride in great cities. There are dark and filthy tenements. There are places where the natural and healthy instincts of childhood are repressed, and where stealthy vice may easily take the place of honest play. Canada. having before it the experience of the cities of the old world, and even of the United States, may guard against thesoe evile. Mr. King has had a training which peculiarly fits him for the career of a tribune of the people. His regard for the people has not evaporated in sentiment. He has done things, He has been confronted with the diffiâ€" cultlee which lie in the path of the advancement of the people, and has overcome them in a practical way. His friends will be deeply disappointed if he does not carry his popular symâ€" pathy and the fruits of his experiâ€" ence into his new career, and we do not believe that such disappointment awaits them. REFORM BLOOD IN HIS VEINS In nomiriating _ Mr. Mackenzie King, the Liberals of North Waterloo show regard for the future as well as the present. It is important to win the present election and ‘t is still more important to sénd to Parliament men who will uphold the basic prinâ€" ciples of Liberalism, men who will not tamely follow but lead, men of originality and independence, who will bring to the Liberal party not merely a vote on a division but new ideas. Thera will be many elections after this, and.many Parliaments, and MÂ¥ King, as a young man,. may be exâ€" pected to take a part in public life for many years to come. Mr. King is the grandson of one <f the liberators of Canada The part played by William Lyon Mackenzie and by Robert Baldwin and others in winning responsible government for Canada ought never to be forgotten. But Liberalism cannot afford to rest tpon the achievements of the past. Those achievements ought to be, not reasons for inaction, but sources of inspiration for earnest endeavor, for new deeds of courage and sacrifice in the neverâ€"ending battle for the rights of the people. R_es_pqng!ble‘gc_)yffpflefis Burke says that there never will be a time when liberty will not be obnoxâ€" flous to certain classes and interests Enemies of liberty are never tired of quoting Madame Roland‘s saying: "O Liberty, what crimes are committed in thy name!" For one crime comâ€" mitted In the name of liberty a hundâ€" red have been committed in the name of authority, of privilege, and of class interest. was not the end but the beginning of that battle. It removed one great obâ€" stacle to â€" selfâ€"government. Edmund Liberalism*Is Proud of the Prosâ€" pective Minister of Labor, Mr. W. L. Mr. King‘s Training. anth id in m n neJ Riudbniias..c5 Awek as anrs o. So much has been said of the antics of a few fanatical Doukhobors that many have concluded these make up a large proportion of the new arrivals in the West. As a matter of fact the fanatics are a Where They Came From mere fraction even of the This table shows the countries from which most Doukhobors. The great | of the 130,000 immigrant farmers who have settled in bulk of the new arrivals | the West during the last five years came : from abroad who have | United States.â€"+«++«>+++«++««++«+++*++++«*+»+»» 60,000 settled on Western farms Great Britain . â€"+«>+*+«>+«++@+«+++«@«++*+*+*+*+»»» 21,000 re of our "owh bloog. | SoRooeath in oi Mn Nearly OBeâ€"SIiXTH CADIE | GeH#hYy â€"...â€".â€".......reeel0200..0n000n... i:qoo from the British Isles. | Belgium and Denmark »........... .......>â€" 1,000 ‘Almost oneâ€"half are from the United States. Considâ€" erable numbers, as shown by the adjoining table, came from the Sceandinavian countries and Belgium. These are all good stock. Even the Galicians are provâ€" ing industrious and frugal settlers, and are rapidly becoming assimilated with our own geople. Indeed, competent observers predict that they will prove one of the very best elements in the new communities which are being molded in the West. The story of the two periods is before you, which do you prefer? A continuance of progress under an active, aggressive Governâ€" mentâ€"â€"â€"a Government that does thingsâ€"â€"or return to a period of stagnation under a party, the abilities of which are exhausted in soil. Nearly 130,000 imâ€" Increase in Farm Population by Immigration migrants from other counâ€" Immigrants arriving in Western Provinces and tries settled on farms in settling on farms in five years ending 1906 : the West during the fiveâ€" MaDitObA «+++«.«++««ssresssssrrsrssssr+++«.. 18,000 year period ending with AIDCTtA ++ +s es sw e s es en es se esn e e r es se se ss+++> 45,000 1906. Of that total Maniâ€" Saskatch@wWan â€">+«..s...s««+«++s.s+s++!+++«+> 66,000 toba received 18,000; Alâ€" TOtilesarassrerrars rsiaritri81 s*8si1161»s lz;;a berta, 45,000, and Saskatâ€" chewan, 66,000. It is to the wealth produced by these new arrivals that a very great deal of the prosperity since enjoyed by all Canada is due. Nor has the stream of immigration which has poured into the West found its outlet in the towns. Most of it has gone upon the landâ€"to till the _ _A change came in the late nineties. Under a new and progressive Govâ€" ernment the transportation service was improved and charges lowered; tariff anomaliese were swept ::.::zz,r :;31 g:g:re;lflc%? Population of Western Provinces: ditions were made such | 199Lâ€"+++>++...................... 419,000 that our own people were 1906. @saa k a% s s + s »++++* ++ â€"BOGAG00 glad to remain at home, Increase in five years.......... 390,000 and a vigorous campaign was inaugurated with a view of bringing the cream of the population from other lands to this. The result is seen in the figures given. An increase in the population of three Provinces, in 5 years, not so muchless than that which took place in all Canada in 10 years. The story of the ten years from 1881 to 1891 is buumed into the memory of every Canadian of middle age. Debt was increasing, the burden of taxation was growing, and there > was nothing to show for it Population all Canada : all. There was stagnation Te e se SEEELATF Ha t s 8 8 ¢ i s a n ied s n 4,324,000 everywhere. Immigrants 1891. ww a aouli s a k tb DE BAE 4 bik A & & 6 6 +# x 4,833,“)0 landed on our shores, but Increase in ten years............ 509,000 they passed through to the United States. Some , d Â¥ people from older Canada moved to the Canadian West, but the trails were soon eut deep by a second movement across the border to the south. From factory towns and Ontario farms there was a steady exodous to the cities of the Republic. The whole country seemed smitten by blight, and gloom settled on all when the census of 1891 showed an increase of but half a million in all Canada in the previous ten years. The history of Canada of late years naturally divides itself into two chief periodsâ€"the dark days from 1881 to 1891, and later an era of brightness and prosperity which began shortly after 1896. Increase in Farm Population by Immigration 1 Immigrants arriving in Western Provinces and ‘ settling on farms in five years ending 1906 : < Manitoba a 4 e e e 0 e e e e enb e be n e en hn e 6 6 60 0 6 6 8 a a » Is,m . AIDEKL3 s cxsrersearierrrrnkrrarskE48si4kk +s +Â¥ 44 + a 45,000 | SAUKALCREWAIH ++ +« a1n+sraararikrrirrsit1121s 1 66,000 1 Totllccoocnoooooo-no--o-.oooo.oo--.o- 129'000 I d in e h i d t 4 ( wo Periods in Canada‘s | History ulation all Canada : srririarrrsssss++++++++*» 4,324,000 on e v e en se t t s e se se es se e + ++ 4,833,000 in ten years............ 509,000 They Are Producers The Break of Dawn Good Stock, All ONTARIO ARCHIvEs TORONTO Where They Came From This table shows the countries from which most of the 130,000 immigrant farmers who have settled in the West during the last five years came : United States, » ++« «+«++«++«+«+«+*+***+*>»*»»»»» 60,000 Great Britain .â€"+«>+*+>+>>++«+s«>@«++*++*+*+>»» 21,000 Austroâ€"Hung@Ary ..9>>sss+sssssssss es se reeses 24,000 Norwayâ€"SWEdGCNM » + +« >« +s+* +s sssss+sss++*+*+*+» 7000 GE@TMANY \+>>>>+ +s +ss« s« s##n se +8 se se se sesees _ 4,500 Belgium and Denmark â€">+«+>>+«*«+«.« â€"+.««.+.*++ 1,000 Dark Days es : 419,000 809,000 0,000 Le # «hm