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- new IliSiilfi lune (a. Tackle to drink stern rm Lord " the km A despatch from Liverpool says: The Daily Post publishes a report of tti) capture ot on. of Germany's Ingest super-yum”, 250 feet long mid carrying, In ndditket to torpedo tubes, four ml of fairly large cali.. Astronomer Royal Sir F. W. Dyson, ,.. ths. British Association's meeting m Manchester, said that the number .. F Mars in the whole sky was inferred ' v.. 1w between 1,000 and 2,000 millions. 'lhv mmparativo brilliance of starsj 4mm. extraordinary variations. He} puma! out that two faint patches of; light wen in the somber. hemis.sphere,; uhich are called Magellanic clouds,j contain a group of twentr-five 3181's,; which are 600 p1rles as luminous " the sun, and it has been ealeu1ated that they no 'tRt,tt00,000,000,000,1)00 miles from the earth. German $airerSihrariae Caught on First Trip 12:: Danube. Probably troops will hei Imhnrkml at M and landed new“ :v'ic.tra. .lwv-ml sittnithant as implicitly recog-f {Hing Russia’s right to send an (-x-i , mummy force to Bulgaria alnngg A Japan-h from Rome says: The Crzvrtran Minister at Bucharest has I'm‘nmlly demanded that two Russian mrpmlo boats moored in the Danubian par! of Turnu shall be disarmed and the new; interned. The Government hm refused. and notified the Minister Wu since the navigation of the Dan- 4,. mm free Romania's neutrality t m not violated. The reply is con- "'ls,s'IANH Tough' THE DANUBE ROUTE wru‘ shoulder to shoulder in the trench-.4. "These women are not afraid. No. body in Serbia is afraid, and the wo- mun in the ranks do not lose their nerve under tire." A despatch from London sayszi "There are nearly 2,000 women inl Serbia's any when I left and morc‘ women soldiers were .being organ- ized," said Dr. Gmitch, n Serbian, urmy doctor new in London. “The. women are not in special ttattalions,l Some of them wear the complete uni-I farm of a soldier for the sake of! mmforl, while others wear skirts with ', " blue tunic. The younger women ttoi with thAr brothers or their husbands. Thr, wnmon are af every class of the population. and we cannot prevent) (hr, m from serving. They Inspire the) mm. with whom they much side by; Jule, and with whom they eat and', SERB WOMEN BOMBERS CONSTERNATE THE FOE A despateh In. Inndon says: Al. A despatch from London says: The though it y not true that Germany is himis “neutrality Cabinet" has re- starvmx: it is certain the food crisis signed. defeated by the pro-war he is growmg.to skinning proportions. tion in the Greek Parliament headed [he high prices at prousions though-thy eX-Premier Venizelos. A vote oi cut the Emilie furnish a problem of eonthtenee was denied 114 to 147. It Ch." gravent nature. One necessity of had been asked by Zaimis as the cli- luc after another is engaging the an- max to a tilt between the War Min. gry attention of the nation. An en- inter. M. Yanakitsas, and Venizelos, lire page of the Frankfurter Zeitung the immediate cause, however, being li devoted to the new Imperial food the latter', opposition to the Govern. laws. The decree consists of 12 para- ment's foreign policy. kl'aphS- Pet explains the special po- The issue between Venizelos and tutu r"iru1ati.ons. Another gives the the War Minister was first raised at law,, concern-g fish and game prices, the Chamber's meeting in a contro- another the restrictions on the con- versy over proposed military lands. sumption of neat and fat. Venizelos, considering a certain re- T.he entire German press is arming mark made by the War Minister as against the scarcity in the necessities an insult to the national Assembly, of life. The printing of startlingly demanded an immediate apology. "rank admissions is permitted. The Premier Zaimis announced that M. Frankfurter Zeitung says: Yanakitsas had the full backing of "White our troops are ththtine like the Government. He then asked for the heroes " the classic ages, want a vote of eontidenee, which was de- i-. growing acute " home, where the nied him by a majority of M votes. people are beginning to interpret the By handing the resignation of his miserable existing conditions as the Cabinet to King Constantine M. Zai- dct’cat of the empire. We jeered at mis again places on the King the re- the blockade, but to-day we laugh no sponsibility of deciding the future ionizer. The sinister aspect of thingS, policy of his country. In London the certainly provides no food for laugh-Hirst impression was that the defeat ter. But M our worries increase, 80:10! the Government would mean the 42w by Jay grows our hatred against i immediate recall of M. Venizelos and the enemy who is responsible for thiSithe fulfillment of the original agree- misery. This hatred is 80 potent that " ment between him and the allied pow- " will nourish and sustain us and in- ers to go to the assistance of Serbia. .pirc us to hold on until finally we '-e--pm--- -9-------- l hack our way through, even though. , . , , “0 have drawn the belt so tight. FOOD VALUE IN FLO“ ERS. around our bodies that the mere act; . ' -__ . nf breathing becomes a trouble and Field Fs'ttuatsh Blossoms, are Delicacy, wvariness. Our hatred will enable l"; Nasturtiums Another. to show the world of what tenacity; The food value of flowers is a mat-l ur." vtuluranee Germany " capable. ter just beginning to interest the: when ”once they are sure of them scientific. world. Violets are said mi ""?yv. . . . . 'contain considerable nourishment] Maximilian Harden, editor (If D'eThey formed the basis of a refresh- Zukunft, says 'ttt the same subject: Ving drink, and in other forms figured "Let W3 frankly_ admit 1htt the conspicuously in the feasts of the Harman people are m distress. _ -.'.-.) 'S____r__, m " l‘p Ahove the World So High M) [ONGER JEER AT BLOCKADE Food Crisis h German, Growing Mar-in. Pt-tie- mined by Ger-u Pro-g. A despateh from Amsterdam says: Germany's m new (or peace have fallen flat in Holland, even the most pro-German Dutchmen con- sidering the terms preposterous. It is believed that the man behind the plot is Dr. Self, German Colonial Secretary. Dr. Sole recently visited Holland, preserving great secrecy about his identity, but his presence in the country became known to the Dutch ncwmpers. It was caudally announced in Germnnr that he was merely traveling to Brussels and had stopped In non-3d to vuiiiLGiitifii; Secret Ne otiations Set (l"i1RMhl, GERMANY iiiii"'iiiii-"=rcu'= AND muons RR EARLY PEACE Growing to NOW Thai One of. the curious phenomena con- has i netted with the sounds of flying bul- iir'lets is the apparently double report sian; from the shot of a Single gun. This and is observed with espeeial frequency by mm”the. Austrians .fightin.tr, in the Alps in". '; against t.ht.rtalens. They were dis- iii; f posed to believe the second report was lity ', the echo of the first, but the curious omgfact remained that the second was oh,". ( louder than .the first. Moreover, the ex.,', German soldiers fhthtintt in Belgium, mg: where the land lies as level as a table, M ', often heard two reports. i Set on Foot in Holland have Fallen Fiat Tbrc. The submarine was launched at VStettin a fortnight ago. I The Post states that within I few {hours after leaving her hue she we: , caught "in one of then traps we have "so skilfully' laid for these eritft some-‘ where in the German ocean.” I A despatch from Paris says: Two military aeroplanes collided while making a landing at Le Bourget. They caught tire and the four aviators manning the machines were burned to death. FOLK ,U'IATORS KILLED IN AERIAL COLLISION The explanation now put forward is that the flying bullet compacts the air in front of it, and that this produces sound waves which,when they fitust strike the car, give the effect of an explosion. As the small-calibre bullet of the modern rifle flies considerably faster -than sound travels, the main report arrives later, and js naturally lowler than the flrst. Curious Phenomena Found in War in the Alps. A favorite Italian dish now being introduced into the United States consists of fried squash blossoms. When properly prepared this food is both appetizing and nourishing. The yellow blossoms of the common field pumpkin may be cooked in the same way, and to some tastes are even more pleasing. For those who do not care for sweets, the gayly colored nasturtium offers delight to the palate. It may be used as a filling for sandwiches, mixed judiciously with other mater- ials in salad. Its delicious pungency appeals to the epicure, while phy- sicians say it aids digestion. a handful of rose petals; "iliisrrtii"'ii flavor of unparalleled delicacy to des- serfs of many kinds. The old Turkish confections made of rose leaves are declared delicious by those who have eaten them. A number of cooks have discovered that ancient Peréians. The modernwcg); feetioner trgt'tttllires thtm in sugar. By handing the resignation of his Cabinet to King Constantine M. Zai- mis again places on the King the re- sponsibility of deciding the future policy of his country. In London the first impression was that the defeat of the Government would mean the immediate recall of M. Venizelos and the fulfillment of the original agree- ment between him and the allied pow- ers to go to the assistance of Serbia. The issue between Venizelos and the War Minister was first raised at the Chamber's meeting in a contro- versy over proposed military lands. Venizelos, considering a certain re- mark made by the War Minister as an insult to the national Assembly, demanded an immediate apology. Premier Zaimis announced that M. Yanakitsas had the full backing of the Government. He then asked for DOUBLE REPORT FROM GUN. A despatch from London says: The z.aimis "neutrality Cabinet" has re- signed, defeated by the pro-war fac- tion in the Greek Parliament headed by ex-Premier Venizelos. A vote of eonttdenee we: denied 114 to 147. It had been asked by Zaimis as the cli- max to a tilt between the War Min- ister, M. Yanakitsas, and Venizelos, the immediate cause, however, being the latter's opposition to the Govern- ment's foreign policy. Zninis Ministry Resigns on Being Defeated, 114 to MT, in the q. "we were m nouand at the same time, including it is said Count von Radowitz, of the German Foreign Once. Before Dr. Bolt left Berlin he had interviews with the Kaiser and Chancellor von Bethmann-Hoiiweg. Those who saw him at The Hague gathered the impression that even in ofBeiat circles the Germans are wet sick and in a hurry to finish the con- fliet before Christmas. galleries. Dr. Bolt stayed three at The Hague and paid visits ' Dutch Foreign Secretary and politicians who are known t friendly to Germany. Other Ge of note were in Holland at the time, including it is said Conn Radowitz, of the German Fl B VOTED DOWN Sol! stayed three days and paid visits to the Secretary and Dutch known to be '. Other Germans _ Montreal. Nov. 9.---Corn--Ameriean No. 2 yellow. 77 to 78c. Oats-. Canadian Western, No, 2, Me; No. 3, 49e; No. 2 local white, 45%e; No. 3 loeal white, 44%c; No. 4 local white, “Vac. Barley-Malting, 661/2 to 67c. Flour-Manitoba Spring wheat pat- tents, firsts, $5.95; seconds, $5.45; strong bakers, $5.25; Winter pat- ents, choice, $5.60; straight rollers, _ $4.90 to $5; do., bags, $2.30 to $3.40. (Rolled oats-Bbls, $5.15 to $5.20; ,do., bags, 90 lbs., $2.45 to $2.50. fBran, $21. Shorts, $23. Middlings, $29 to $30. Mouillie, $30 to $32. Hay t_-tlo. 2, per ton, car lots, $17.50 to {$18.50. Cheese-Finest westerns, 16 to 161ie; finest easterns, 15% to IlNe. Butter-Choieest creamery, 82 to 82liet seconds, 81% to 813ie. iGiu"ir'r"iih,' 42c; selected, Me; No. 1 stock, 80c; No. 2 stock, 26c. Pota- l toetr---Per bag, cu- lots, 90e to tL10., Dressed hotrtsu-Auttolr killed, 818 to $13.50. Pork-Heavy Canada short mess, bbls., M to " pieces, $28 to $28.50; Canada short-cut back bbls., " to 55 pieces, $27 to $27.50. Lira"-" Com and, tierces, 375 lbs., 10lie; ,e'l'd'r'l'llt 20 lbs. net, 109te; pure; threes, 875 lbs., 12 to 12%e; pure, wood pails, 20 lbs. net, 13 to 18%e. i Honey-No. 1 light (wholesale), 10 ',to 11lie; do., retail, 12% to 15c; 'combs (wholesale), per dozen, No. I, "2.40; No. 2, $1.50 to $2. I Poultry-Chickens, 14 to 16e; fowls, ‘ 12 to 13e; ducklings, 15 to 16c; geese, 14 to 16c; turkeys, 20 to 22c. ' Cheese-The market is firm; large, 151ise; twins,_16%e. _ Potatoes-The market is firm, with car lots of Ontario quoted at $1.10. and New Brunswick, at $1.15 to $1.20 per bag, on track. United States Markets. Minneapolis, Nov. 9.---Wheat-Do. Eststir--piieo, aidttrrn;GiGiure, 30 to Sie per dozen; selects, 32 to 33c; neg-laid, 3ft to 49p,_case lots. Butter-Fresh xiry, 27 to 28e; in- terior, 22 to 'dire; reamery prints, 32 to_§3c; dl., _solids, 80, to M%e. _ Millfeed--car. lots, delivered Mont- real freurhu---Bran, per ton, $21; shorts, per ton, $23; middlings, per tl'.': $25; good feed flour, per bag, 1.40. Ontario flour-New Winter, $4.10 to $4.40, according to sample, sea- board or Toronto heights in bags, ”99.99 Shipment». A Manitoba flour-First patents, Jute bags, $5.75; second thi','.',,",: jute bags, $5.25; strong akers', jut; bags, §5.05, C1'oropto. RyeL-No. 1 iaineidiii/iiiiriiii,. rye, tough, 72 to 77e, according to sar_n_plq. _ -- w "tsuck-what-r-tGiard, car lots, 77 mime, aSeortlimr to freiOtrputsiide. BarlefL-orod' Editing barley, 56 to Me; feed barley, 47 to 54e, accord- ing, to_fr_eights pytside. Peas-Ni. 2, nominal, per car lots, $1.90; sample pens, $1.25 to $1.75, acgordjng t? sa_mple: _ _ 7 Ontario wheat-No. 2 Winter, per car lot, 94 to Me; wheat, slightly sprouted and tough, 90 to 94e, accord- int to sample: _ - Ontario odts-.New crop, No. 3 white, 88 to 39c; commercial oats, 37to Me, according to heights out- side. Canadian am-No, 2 yellow, Tee, track Toronto. ManitoLGiiii2No. 2 C.W., tough 48t, trayk lake ports, American GrU-Uiio. 2 yellow, 73e, track Toronto. Breadstutfs. Toronto, Nov. 9.---Manitoba wheat --New crop, No. 1 Northern, $1.11%; No. 2, $1.08%, track lake ports, im.. mtdy'at.? tshipment., The Leading Markets - - -"- _-___ "a.-. "5......" "W allvuuvs- o _ Austro-German forces on the northern front are making slow progress, and are waging a war of extermi- nation. A Serbian force has been despatched to deal with the Albanians, who are also attacking. If the Serbian army can hold out for a short time yet, the Anglo-French forces are likely to join hands with them, and check the invading armies, before Serbia is entirelyoverrun. The new political crisis in Greece complicates the situation in the Balkans, and the actions of both Greece and Rumania are still problematic. A strong British force is now approaching Bagdad, while a Turkish army is reported on its way to defend that ancient city, and it will be a race between the two columns. On the Russian front, the enemy has made no protrreM, while the Russians report several local success- es of some importance. The AustrO-German troops are being withdrawn from this front to assist in the cam- paign against Serbia. It is expected that the Russians will have their opportunity against the weakened line of the enemy, and that important results may be looked for on this front in the near future. On the Southern front in Serbia, the French and British troops have met and defeated the Butttttriantr, and driven them across the frontier. Further north, however, the Bulgars have mode considerable progress. and are now bombarding Nish, the capture of which is imminent. The Serbs are offering heroic resistance, even the women Joining in the fight against the invader. . _ Austro-German forces on the northern front are making slow progress, and are waging a war of extermi- nation, a Raw-lain“ (mum km. '-.. JA_.._A,L I ., ;,,. ... .. ... . A As a result of statements made in the British House t the situation in the Balkans has been made somewhat more mined to do their utmost to save Serbia, and the landing troops are also reported to have been landed at Kavala. Outside of the Balkans there have been past week. On the Western front the Gem have been prodigal of men in-their attempts every point, and the Western battle-line is a has been little activity, infantry attacks being to local artillery duels. On the Isonéo “1};th the Italians have times successfully. ' Business Country Produce. in Montreal. .-Corn--Ameriean to 78e. Oats-- No. 2, 50e; No. white, 4lilhe; No. t yo. 4 loyal white, karts there have been no notable developments in the various war areas during the 'estern front the Germans have resumed their attacks in the Champagne district. and men in-their attempts to break the French lines. They hatre been checked at almost lestern battle-line is absolutely unchanged. On other parts of the Western front there infantry attacks being almost completely suspended, and the fttrhtintt restricted solely in In tn man East Africa, oh and»: a. 11t German lost twentr-itre native l0- diers killed. The British losses were four natives killed und nine wounded. Nigerian forces occupied Bgmoildu, b the German Kamei‘uns on October tit. The British captured ',,i,iiii, in Ger- man East Africa, oil Oeto B. The A despatch from London says: The Colonial Ofhee reports that the 3mm: Nigerian force: occupied Bgmuidu, in the German Kame'rtms. on October tit. BRITISH TRIUMPH m A despatch from London says: Field-Marshal Earl Kitchener, the Secretary of War, has received one of Lord Derby's invitations which have been largely circulated to men of mili- tary age to join the army. This amazing blunder was disclosed by Lord Derby himself, who, while ad- dressing 3 meeting of middle-aged recruiters, said nobody mould be lur- prised if they received an invitation, as one had been actually lent to the Minister of War. 1 I A despatch from The Hague says: J. German submarine in distress was I (owed into Terschelling, a Dutch [island in the North Sea, by a Dutch [lifeboat A Dutch torpedo boat saw Ethe rocket signals gent up by the sub- (marine. and escorted her to an anchor- page. The undersea boat is being "l'elosely guarded. The Week's Developments in the War Areas. INVITED KITCHENER TO FIGHT FOR EMPIRE The' German submarine, towed into Terschelling, is the U-8. She had stranded at Noordergrond. . Toronto, Nov. 9,--Best heavy ,‘steers, $8,'25 to $8.60; it,'!,', heavy asteers, is to $8.15; butc ers' cattle, , choice, 7.60 to $7.75; do., good, F $7.25 to $7.50; do., medium, $6.75 to $7; do., common, $5 to $5.40; I butchers' bulls, choice, $6.25 to . $6.75 do., good bulls, $5.75 to $6; do., irough bulls, $4.75 to $5.25; butchers' Vows, choice, $6.45 to $6.75; do., :good, $6 to $6.75; do., medium, $5 ito $5.50; do., common, $4.25 to $4.75; feeders, good, $6.50 to $6.75; stockers, 700 to 900 lbs., $6.25 to $6.50; canners and cutters, $3 to, $4.50; milkers, choice. each, $65 to) _ $110; do., common and medium, each,‘ $85 to $50; Springers, $50 to $100;I light ewes, $5.50 to $6.50; sheep, heavy, $4.25 to $4.75; do., bucks, $3.50 to $4.50; yearling lambs, $7to $7.50; Spring lambs, ewt., $8.05 to‘ l $9; calves, medium to choice, $7.25 toI $10.50; hogs, fed and watered, $8.85. ,to_§9.1o; go, far.tt., $5.50. I LIFEBOAT BRINGS IN Montreal, Nov. 9.--Butehers' cattle. $7.25 to $7.50; do., medium, $6.25 to $6.75; do., common, $1.50 to $5.50; canners, $3.25 to $4.25; butchers' cattle, choice cows, $6 to $6.25; do., medium, $5 to $5.50; do., bulls, $4.50 to $6; milkers, choice each, $85 to $90; do., common and medium, each. $75 to $80; swingers, $65 to $70; sheep, ewes, $5.50 to $5.75; bucks and culls, $5 to $5.25; lambs, $8 to $8.75; hogs, off car, $9.25 to $9.40. a in the British House of Commons and the French Chamber of Deputies, an made somewhat more plain. Both Grent Britain and France are deter- Serbia, and the landing of troops continues steadily at Saloniki. Allied cember, 97%c; May, $1.01%', cash! LrF'EBOAT MADE OF PAPER. It l hat-g, f/dl/h; No. 1 t't','r'ttl,"i,r,ti - acto 1.0 ; o. 2 ortern‘v I hat . . 94% to 97%e, Corn-No. 3 yellow“ esse T a Is Ian Improvement Over 63% to 64e. Oats-No. 3 white, 84; Al Others. to i'ee. Flour reduced; 2r..y .etr; A paper lifeboat that can be packed 51233 l', first clears, $4,75; secondiaway in a space of about one cubic N iii; York Nov. (h-Flour firmer: l foot, but which, when inflated, is sen- Spring patents. $G.80 to $6.66; i7iiywfrrthy end durahle, is the invention ter straights, $5.15 to $5.35. Rye'of a retired admiral of the Japanese flour firm; fair to good, $5.60 toiPvy. The boat is constructed from $5.75; choice to fancy. $5._80 to $5.95. ( Japanese paper called "hatrhikirazu," Hay firm. Hops quiet. Hides steady. , which is treated chemically to make it Leather, firm. (waterproof. The paper_comes from __ lthe mulberry tree. It is unusually Live Stock Markets. _ lurable and possesses great strength Toronto, Nov. 9,--Best heavy f when the stresses are in the direction steers, $8.25 to $8.60; good heavy j of the fibre. l, won difficult positions from the GERMAN SUBMARINE EAST AFRICA 5232" gneOWIng to, the strength and iiirht- ', do. lth‘ss' and {ts waterproof qualities ti.iiir ." paper " evidently adapted to il 5 to 'i. wide range of uses, among which are each,fu;: making of coverings for aero- t7f:,i)l'l'lll.','. Wings and for dirigible bal- "Bow did you begin life?" N didn't begin it. It “I here when I art-Nod." -..ji'ttlt Isle (after being punished) " papa in dropdful. Wu he Well Shaken, When Taken. Fir-t Autout-Rmr'ig the road? Rough? Socond Autoiab--Well, I'll say it’s no phce to trult ty cheap dentistry. have - it t V Ptqton---How much longer than two years will I live if t refuse to Surgeon-You'" live two years if you consent to this operation. A despatch from Montreal says: Miss Vivienne Tremaine, the Canadian nurse reported in despatehes from London to have attended King George after his accident in France, was born in Montmorency. and received her training at Quebec Military Hospital. Her parents now reside in West- mount. She went to the front with the first Canadian contingent. CANADIAN NURSE A despatch from Paris says: The! French league for the defence of the} rights of man and the Franeo-Arrnen-': ian Committee have made a joint ap-.: peal to President Wilson to use his? influence "for the salvntion of what' remains of the Armenian race in Tur-) key." I APPEAL TO WILSON TO SAVE ARMENIANS The result is a life-saving craft practically immune to wreck, for even if one or two of the pipes are punc- tured or broken the boat still has sufficient buoyancy to be seaworthy. f A thin sheet of paper that is strong when stressed in any direction is lmade by pasting together two sheets with the fibers crossing at right an- gles. This is the way in which the paper boats are constructed. The first boat manufactured by the admiral consisted merely of a large pillow with a depression in the centre, the whole being inflated with air. Because of the ease with which paper can he' punctured it was necessary to change the method of construction, so several , pipe-like bags were made and placedI side by side in the form of a raft,! which finally was modified to the form of a boat. 1 A paper lifeboat that can be packed away in a space of about one cubic foot, but which, when inflated, is sen- worthy and durable, is the invention of a retired admiral of the Japanese Austrians, and their offensive con- The Important Question. Ain" yet; air -irr, t, ATTENDED THE KING “Providence is always on the side of the last reserve," is given as his union of the trite phrase, and even this is not credited to him freely, but only "attributed to Napoleon I." Some fifty years later came Vol- Mire, who wrote in a letter to M. le niche. "It is said that God is always on the side of the heaviest battal- ions." That letter we: written in 1770, when Napoleon was but one year old. They we on” to him whole maxim it is Ld to Le, hut {are the reference books help us but ittle and help Napoleon leu. I In the first place, we can trace it back to Tacitus, who, in the fourth book of his history, written some- where in the second century, says: "Dem, fortioribus adesse" ("The gods are on the side of the stronger'W. From Tacitus we lump to M. Bunny- Rabutin, a French litterateur who lived in the seventeenth century, "God is generally on the side of the large battalions against the little," he wrote. From him, or more prob- ably from her mother-wit, Mme. de Sevixne. his contemporary, wrote: “Fortune in dways on the side of the - battalions" l: “Providence Was on Side of Big Bat- uliona" Only Adopted. “Napoleon's maxim, that Provi- dence is on the side of the big bat- tations." The phrase has cropped up frequently of late, but by what right it has become the property oi the Lit- tle Corporal is not quite clear. Though he may have acted upon it, he did not invent it, and it is his merely by right of conquest. Thus, if you reckon an object is between 200 and 800 yards nwny from you, your final "shot" should be 250 yards. In judging even short distances the I beginner should not be disheartened? if he finds himself one hundred yards' or so "out" in his calculations, but with practice his margin of errorsl should not exceed ten per cent. It isl a good plan to make two estimates,, and then to take the average, or mean, between them. y l, On the other hand, distances are under-estimated when the sun is be, hind the observer; when both the background and the object are of dif- ferent colors, and again when the ob- ject is large or is seen in a britrtt il.i.ttht or clear atmosphere. Should lthe intervening ground be level, or {covered with snow. the object will ap- lpenr nearer than it is. The observer ishould also add tive to ten per cent. (e his original estimate when he is llooking over water or a deep chasm/ 'or, again, when looking upwards or) I downwards. i The fact that we hear the thunder after we see the lightning is a famil- iar example of this truth. Thus, if three seconds elapse between the flash of a distant gun nnd the sound of the report, it is safe to say that the range is roughly 3,800 ylrds. In the case of long ranges it is use- ful to remember that sound travels at the rate of, roughly, 1,100 feet u sec- ond, whereas light is practically in- stantaneoua. Further, in long streets, avenues, and ravines, things look farther away thqn they really Ire. Distances ere over-estimated when the observer is kneeling, tsitting, or lying; when both the background and the object are of a similar color; when heat in rising from the ground; when the ground is undulating or broken, or when looking over a valley; when the object lies in the shade, is only par- tially seen, or is viewed in mist or a bad light. i These are useful practices, but to become an expert you must carefully study and note the clam of over- estimating and under-estimating dia- amen. are only partially visible 1th yards, and quite invisible at 200 yards. For example. you will find that at, any, one hundred yards you can clear- ly see fetus/rt his clothing, which yards or thereabouts, and you can then estimate a longer distance by reckoning it " being so many times one hundred yarda. . ( To Study and Note. Another useful exercise is to get a friend to tshow himself standing, kneeling, and lying down at various known dietaneea. You should then carefully note and memorize the dit-' ferent appearance he presents "cord/ ing to the distance he is away from} you. Insure out a distance of, any. one hundred yards, and earefulty study it. Then pick out objecte in other direc- tions which in your estimation ere one hundred yards away. and teat your Judgment by actual pacing. In thin way you will come automatlentlr to recognize a distance of one hundred The beginner stairitart by farni- lisrizinc his eye with short distances. up to 800 ysrds. This can easily be done. this, judging ditrtanee is quite I fas- cinating pursuit. It is very interest- ine to learn by experiment how the condition of the atmosphere, the char- octer of the ground, or of the distant object, and other eireumsuneea, all tend to deceive the eye. A aim; life 'lGTiiiis hang on his ability quickly and accurately to esti- mate the magic! a foe. Apart from “I! or talu- Every nun who is akin; up arms in defence of his country should " once set to work to make‘himaolf a [09d judge of distance. 'GETI'INGTIERANGE (hl'rflllliMiilIIlf 80MB USEFUL HINTS ON JUDG. tNG DISTANCES. NAI'ULEON'S MAXIM. this” Are orer-Eiumnted When the Dinner In Kneeling. Sit. Sight Cttmes First ONTARIO v.lty fuming when-o growinx to the Iwail. Thr [Tufted States consul at ISandlknn says that only a few to- Peso emu: nre new mnlning.but itut no Ion than an rubber mm, ”averaging 26,360 an: each and a ;capiul of ”1,970,000. are under cut. itivntion. Ind " of ch. an produc- ; ing rubber. Within them in" nor. now use! out will be ready for topping; In 1914, 1,373,000 pounds of cult!- vated rubber wns produced. ua of realm mittfO nuke. W to-' lance. Coco-nut growing our“. ,rfthboth,tmdi-ttingit'mttatotho aqua-ion. of rubbi- reauetsea. l all. .e-me- All be rubber, ind In a»; " Brilish North little. Esau-n Are Growing It” Weed. Strange are the capers of compe- tition'. As far away .6 British North BorneoAhe rubber estates Are gradu- Though the Tsar enjoys a stroll in- cognito. he is guarded at his various residences in the trlosost possible mam ner. Count Rodi-hams room at the summer palace WI! situated FO that, on a all from the 30le apartments, he could rut-h it immediately. Dur- ing six hours each day he haul to any at the door of the Royal apartment, to follow the Tar whenever he It“ it.-London Answers. later in the day the Tsar and the scout took part in I wedding they ifound in progress in the cottage of . jhumble fhrhergnnn. They were greet- ‘ed at the gnte by the host, who min, Ittok them for wedding guests, but, when they explained that they were J,'l','.'12',' he aslwd: Nevertheless, the two distinttuishod tourists attended the wedding. and drank with the bride and bridegroom; and the next morning the Tsar mm a present to the bride, consisting of . fine service of silver. I tive-hundred- rouble note. and a personal montage, which run: "I congratulate the newly-Weds, and send my wedding-present. -' - an Nicol-s L" " know pretty well from their np- pearunce." aid the old mum. smil- ing shrewdly. "I know from your face that you are either a eommercud traveller or an nun-m for a dmpvry house." The question was a confusing one nnd the Tsar hesitated. Half An hour later his Imperial M.. jesty and his bodyguard sat down at table with the pennants and parted: heartily of I roput of boiled cab: and tea, of which the Tsar afterwards said that he had never enjoyed a men! more. “I'm sure your money doesn't grow on trees," he replied. "You buy the cubs from the man and pay me fifty comb for boiling them, and l shull be tsatisfied. I don't wiah to be too greedy." The {Innkeeper looked at the speak. or with surprise. "But suppose I pay you ten mu- bles?" punished the Tsar. “I Inverno time to boil you "au," quad: mine host. "rt you are hungry eat herring and drink vodka." But all the innkeeper had in the house were some old. dried-out ham, herrines, and eggs. However, one of the peasants had a ttttload of crabs, and the Tar naked the innkeeper to buy 3 couple of dozen and boil them. "We wunt something to eat," said the Tar. Kine host was direp in a discussion of politic: with a number of peasants that had stopped on the way to man ket with their produce to drink vodka. Enjoying m. Neal. When the droshky came they drove into the country, enjoying the sun- :hino and the delightful rural scenery, until they came to I typical Russia! in, where the Tsar stopped the horse, nnd, announcing that he was hungry. entered the hostelry. Sentinel- Were Surprised. In civilian attire the Tar AM " bodymrd walked put a wing of tho place, and, through on open window. hard voices. They approached, and. looking in. saw about a dozen unti- nels seated at I round table, drinking vodlu nnd playing cards. One of the men was telling his companions of a love Join at which they I“ laughed handily. The sentinel: spans to their feet, saluted, and presented The Tar smiled. “How do you do, boys? Go ahead, Mid don't be disturbed by me," he revealed. - One of the ottieers, closest to a. Tssr is his personsl bodyguard. This position us held two yesrs It. " Count Simon 1todiattodr, end after h relinquished it he gave to the world msny persons] stories of his Input” mster which otherwise would - have become public. _ On one occasion his _ II- nounced his desire to hsve n m brought. so that he might go tor I drive in the country incognito. “no Count Bodienol went to inter- be necessary members of the new“ of the lapel-bl wish, the Tsar mill- ed in the park. When the balms! me upon him, shout hell in III later, he wss helping s gnrdetter to lop otf the dead limbs from A tree. IH‘HHER Ul'S'I'S 'rt mu " '0 With the Kaiser it is . an of "power and publicity." With the ut. tle Father of all the Russian It SI . Cttibe of mighty iMuenee, "my“ bg 0 man whose personal side is all. The In: of Russia, unlike " ugh enemy, the Cerium Wot. . man whose life is lurgely itrxsuded in magm- Im1liFh1lllllii" 1I,I,11EitItrWG "What In Your Business? THE TSAI MOVES AMONG ms PWLE. Ill Bedread {at l Tell-80mm "