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15 the to and in all probability she did, but the er should pick over his seed by hand _ _I believe that life in the country is same breed of uen does better now in two or fln:. time:ral:;:::wbium' life at its highest, fullest and best. I the house properly ventilated with 4 damaged or diseased beans and those! believe that there I have the greatest square feet than her ancestors did not uniform in size and color. Even C"""C° t? 4ev@IOP into the womanly with 12, and where good ventilation is commercially hand picked seed offenf Tamsh 1 desire to beâ€"fine, broad, provided 4 to 5 square feet is enough contains many affected beans. While! sweet, true, wholesome. I believe for the average hen. a few discolored beans aro not objecâ€"| that the broadness of the country, the The first half of the chicks hatched tionable for household use, every such ruggedness / of the landscape, the in an incubator contain practically all seed when planted may spread disease|"""". * G°J‘# Browing things all of the best laying hens in that batch. to many neighboring plants. . In m_l around me, will mold and temper my They will grow more rapidly, lay first chasing beans for plantine a rermin. | Ch2racter;â€"will give me higher ideals, 1 W s ie e omm | 1°7°° 2 =mA OpPorCamty to InSpect tA The question of floor space for hens, ' fields or they can pick from the crear like many other questions connected| of commercial stocks instead of hay with poultryâ€"house construction, canâ€" ing to take whatever may be availabl not be answered definitely. The floor later. space which a hen requires depends on : Seed from carefully selected, clea: several things: (1) The breed of the pods grown in one‘s own seed plan hen; some hens require more spACe are safe. Once the beans have been than others. (2) The nature of the threshed it is difficult to detect al food and how it is fed. Hens that which have come from diseased pods are fed in a heavy litter during the It js possible, moreover, in the seed Winter where the getting of the food plant by planting the seed in hills anc entails considerable effort will obtain by spraying with Bordeaux mixture all the exercise necessary without too to protect the plants from anthracnose much space. _ (3) Ventilation.â€"The even at an expense not warranted in house poorly ventilated will not A¢â€" larger plantings. The grower should commodate as many hens as a house see that no one moves among the seed properly ventilated. _ A few years plants while tey are wet with rain or ago when poultry houses were kept dew, when scores of the fungus causâ€" warm, instead of being ventilated, it ing antnracnose most readily are was thought that each hen Mkl have spread. between 8 to 12 square feet of floor. | _ After the seed is threshed the growâ€" and in all probability she did, but the er should pick over his seed by hand same breed of uen does better now in two or three times and â€"throw out all the house properly ventilated with 4 damaged or diseased beans and those wuch. Clean, fresh water lessens disease amorg poultry. Filthy drinking waâ€" ter is the source of much trouble. Market in October roasters (crate|__"__", ", " ) P:"C" NaVIng sul fed}, last old Sens, reasting yourg room to keep chickens. ducks, 0‘** geese, old turkeys. femâ€"« In mixing a ration for crate feedâ€" Selecting Seed Beans. ing poultry, one of the first things to| Bean growers should take st consider is the palatability of the feed.‘ secure good seed for next year‘s If the birds do not like it, they will ing from fields known to be free not eat enough to put on the flesh.i.nthnmm and blight. Seed Next to this comes the composition of‘f plants killed by front before the the feeds and their cost. The ration| are dry should not be used. must be palatable and one that will l The use of good seedâ€"pre produce flesh without costing toolripened, plump, intact, and free Lo e > ’ If not commenced previously, crate fattening should be started in October, and all cockerels and pullets intended for sale carefully and systematically fattened . Answer:â€"The cause of the celery plants going to seed is that the habit of the plant has been changed. In its wild state the celery plant tends to be an annual. _ The gardener grows it as a biennial, that is, he tries to get the full grown plant without the seeds. You see the same habit in wheat when you plant winter wheat seed or winter rye in the spring. _ Very few of the plants serd up shoots the first year, but some do. If you select the seed from the plants which send up heads the first year, by the second and third generation you will have entirely changed the habit of the plant and A, MeE.:â€"I have quite a number of celery plants which began to go to seed three weeks ago; 1 tried cutting off the seed top as soon as it appearâ€" ed but it merely grew up again. I sowed the seed of this in boxes the last of February, 1917, and set the plants out in the open ground 'abont; the middle of June in clay soil which had been an old pig yard before. We dug trenches ten inches deep putting! in the bottom five inches of rotted manure mixed with a little earth and: planted them in this. Now they arel grown to a good height, are kept hilled and look healthy plants but would like to know the cause of it going to seed and how to prevent it. too open and light, follow the sowing with rolling and then a light harrowâ€" ing. I have advised acid phosphate gince I believe you need a readily available form of phosphoric acid. and 1% potash. You have handled:i;. tl-!e lime and how the soil correctly in preparing it. 1‘Would it be better would impress upon you the importâ€" phosphate shortly be ance of giving the seedâ€"bed thorough,'mg, and how much preparation. If the soil tends to be|I/mix the lima and aai Answer:â€"The soil on which yo'J"inz lacking. are planning to grow your wheat is or a fertilize relatively low in nitrogen and will unâ€" ‘ tend to prever doubtedly give you a strong growth‘ E.O.P.:â€"â€"W of straw. _ I would advise you to add ,both lime and at least 200 to 300 lbs. of fertiliur’mg is to be carrying 10 to 12% acid phosphate | spring? Whe and 1% potash. You have handled im» tha H... . WHT SNO NSS DUCH UnNOPOURHE 3020 | and cultivated since. It 'is ’. -“ki:sh::tu i;’ly your ground is running with sand bottom. We had no fertiâ€" is the iin:’mmoma or mtrognn. This lizer to put on, and would like to know |the cel of plantfood which causes if a basic slag or a phosphate would plants ery stalk to grow. If the be suitable, either one or both. !ther are small and slow in growth Answer:â€"The soil on which you ing l.lc’]:l mtc in SSanpie Of nitrogen beâ€" are planning to grow your wheat is or a fe,-:l'f-' T‘-)e ldfhtmn C '9“““{ relatively low in nitrogen and will “n-ftend ts ilizer hlg_h in ammonia will d?ubtcdly give you a strong growth‘ E.O Px{re\:’ml;," advise s ; of straw. i umm y sowin of straw. _ I would advise you to add both lime and acid phosphate on land A.E.P.;â€"We are going to sow |it would be a oneâ€"season plant. The wheat this year on a piece of muck| only way to prevent celery from seedâ€" land. It has had timothy hay cut off : ing is to transplant it late, cause it to it for three years, a very good hay make rapid growth by balancing crop each year. This summer it was plantfood, and harvest it before it has ploughed as soon as the hykwu ‘t.akel \an opportunity to form seed shoots. w : cmd Ti us on . We ces t w o i s ie n Henry G. Bell Market Calendar The object of this department is to place at the uf-! vice of our farm readers the advice of an acknowledged. authority on all subjects pertaining to soils and crops. ‘ l Address all questions to Professor Henry G. Bell, in care of The Wilson Publishing Company, Limited, Toronto, and answers will appear in this column in the order in which they are received. As space is limited it is advisâ€" able where immediate reply is necessary that a mmrod and addressed envelope be enclosed with the quest on., when the answer will be mailed direct. EPCE TT ECTT 1DD 9 An gutomobile body made: of seven‘false standards. flat sections, which can be taken lp.fl:to keep myself : for shipping flat or Ntl;e-d if injurâ€" ; to live up to the ed, hasbeen invented by an ‘Englishâ€" "me; to nz‘ko t man in South Africa, innrinnn i par ies un w e mCP uit en ts auvistsintâ€" AB a. pptir mt dPammie.cin: Aetsicinsâ€"28. c akictsinnaditih. > â€"< in racter; 11 give me higher ideals, | more attractive by chasing beans for planting a gcrmiu-’:l.um“empt:‘ of thou'gh't and '.' dreading it. The be tion test should be made and only seed truer perspective of life, than I could |to go at it and get of high quality accepted. ever gain between narrow walls in a |quickly, %, Snemmmecallfp memmmmme city with its shams, _ pretenses and| dn Canada the pa: An automohile body made of seven ‘false standards. I want to tryâ€"always is restricted to 11 flat sections, which can be taken npon:to keep myself sunny, sweet and sane; {United States to 50 ; for shipping flat or Ntl;ad if i;ljur-kto live up to the very best there is in [tension of the parcel ed, has been invented an Englishâ€" "me; to nt:e the most of every opâ€" |Canada is one6f t] man in South Africa, ; ‘portuniv o grow bigger, broader and ‘needs of the country, " ECC Com RCaveipy SEURCS, ZHC EPCE IFOM 'disea-e-â€"is essential for securing 'large yields. _ It is crop insurance for growers to lay in their seed while: ’there is still opportunity to inspect thei ‘fields or they can pick from the cream | , of commercial stocks instead of hav-“ ing to take whatever may be available 'l later. Seed from carefully selected, clean pods grown in one‘s own seed plant are safe. Once the beans have been threshed it is difficult to detect all which have come from diseased pods. It is possible, moreover, in the seed [ Selecting Seed Beans. Bean growers should take steps to secure good seed for next year‘s plantâ€" ing from fields known to be free from anthracnose and blight. Seed from plants killed by front before the pods are dry should not be used. [ The use of good seedâ€"properly A good incubator should ,l,,}_‘;" proâ€" fitable on any place having sufficient room to keep chickens. half of the hatch will be lower in vitality and will be unprofitable to keep; the broiler or frying age is the time to dispose of these. Mark the last half of the hatch and dispose of them in time to make a profit. ‘ and prove the best layers and will be stronger than the others. The last By no means would I advise the mixing of the lime and acid phosphate, Such a mixture would tend to turn back the soluble phosphoric atid in the acid phosphate to a form which is much more slowly available. \ 'l! you have not manured your land just before the wheat, I would advise you to use a mixture of fertilizer analyzing 2 to 8% ammonia, which will provide nitrogen to start the early growth of the young crop, and 10 to 12% phosphoric acid, which will greatly hasten its ripening and tho‘ plumping of its kernels. ‘| Answer:â€"Lime and acid phosphate ‘|are both beneficial on land to be used for wheat in the spring. The benefit ‘ | of the lime is not so directly traceable ‘ in wheat yields but is clearly shown |if the grain is seeded with clover and |timothy or alfalfa. _ Lime may be f | applied any time this fall or through the winter, or if the ground is to be }left for spring plowing it could be apâ€" | plied immediately after the ground is] iplowed, just before it is disked (ndl harrotved. _ An application of 2 to ll ’tons of ground limestone or one ton per acre of airâ€"slaked lime will g'ivel , you good results. The acid phosphate can be drilled on at the time the wheat is sown. Modern drills are provided with both the seed and fertilizer dropping attachment. Applications at the rate of 200 to 300 pounds to the acre give good results. drill? phosphate shortly bel;»r;-oov;i;g wtvl; wheat, and how much per acre? Could hnix_ th-e lime and acid phosphate and » be sown to wheat in the When would you advise sowâ€" at one operation in a lime much per acre? to sow the acid from nfain, as in the past. The present! distress shows that the divine wrath‘ has not entirely disappeared; hence‘ the new E%titions. ‘ 8â€"18. & J)ulmht stands between his people and their God. â€" Ha awaita! Lesson I. Psalms of Deliveranceâ€" Psalms 85 and 126. Golden Text.â€"Psa. 126. 5. Verses 1â€"3. Jehovah‘s lovingâ€"kind. ness in the past. Brought back the captivity â€" Better, "restored the fortunes." _ In themselves the wordli | contain no reference to restoration from exile; but the psalmist may h&vo} in mind the change in fortune due to | the restoration. _ Sin arouses tho, divine wrath, the divine wrath prompts | the sending of calamity; hence the‘ withdrawal of calamity proves thnt’ the divine wrath is appeased, which, in turn, proves that Jehovah has forâ€" given or removed the people‘s sin. 4â€"7. The transformation has been f marvelous; but much remains to bo!‘ done. _If he only would complete his| work! Turn uzâ€"Batter, "turn to us," Second: proper soil tillage. _ The advantages of proper seedâ€"bed preâ€" paration are so apparent that it is unâ€" }neceasary to go into a detailed discusâ€" sion of the profit of good tillage in wheat production. _ If the soil is to catch and hold a sufficiency of moisâ€" ture, it must be deeply stirred and thoroughly pulverized. â€" Such tillage will allow for the desirable â€"circulaâ€" tion of air, which is required for seed WipebeataP VÂ¥A * intep es ‘alas : nlithsiniabd iris e Th s zind as a result, freezing about the ‘young wheat plant. Civilization is in the balance. At no time in the world‘s history has so critiealaperiodheedfiwpoopluot p.|the earth. ~The fundamental princiâ€" d.! ples of democratic nations must now lbe successfully defended . or deâ€" p | MOcracy is destined to vunis{ from the p, earth. _ The triumph of civilization n |depends upon \.men, munitions, food sâ€" | and a patriotic hevotion to the cause. d | Not one of these factors must be neâ€" * | glected or triumph will rest with our enemies. The farmers of this conâ€" tinent and of Europe have done nobly 'eiduring the past year, but gigantic "'problems face them in the coming’ "i months. | : The Canadian Commissioner of | ’Agriculture has recently made a stateâ€" g ment that Canada will be prepared to " |export at least 200,000,000 bushels of " 1917 wheat. The wheat crop of the & | United States will probably total 668,â€" , | 000,000 bushels, of which at least 450.-’ _ | 000,000 will be necessary for their own | B'needs. Recent reports from the Inâ€" |; l’ ternational Bureau of Agriculture,| .| Rome, indicate an increase in wheat| r[for British India, of over 16%. Favâ€" Iforable wheat reports came also from \ Italy. A year ago a vigorous camâ€"|, :‘paign for larger wheat acreage in the 1 }’United Kingdom was successfully |carried out, but unfavorable weather |; l,hu damaged the British wheat crop | ; | to so great an extent that in July it / c â€"ranked 94% as against an average | j | crop estimated at 100%. It is obvious i ‘then that the entire people of this |e | continent must exercise every energy |a / in conserving food ; farmers, every inâ€"| 1 | telligence in producing more food;|t] Iblkera. every economy and device in |f, ‘ making the food stock go as far as w possible so that the needs of our own w and allied people may be met. al } Methods of Increasing Crop. :Vi The question the farmer is asking‘in toâ€"day is, how can I economically inâ€" or crease my wheat yield? My answer p1 is in five divisions; first, by drainage. th Winterâ€"killing is frequently caused nc by surplus water not being able to run is off or percolate through the soil, and |,,, ‘The Country Girl‘s Creed INTERNATION AL â€"LESSON OCTOBER 7. ECONOMIC PRODUCTION OF WHEAT _ INâ€" RELATION TO FOOD PRODUCTION By Henry G. Bell, BV c en ts Ts g:: Bread ; al1 |by the ad my |â€" A disag ils, | more attr a |dreading : ild |to go at a |quickly, nd| iIn Cana ys is restric e; Iumea Ste in |tension of pâ€" |Canada is dreading it. The best thing toâ€"do it to go at it-ndgetiiâ€"ontofthewuy quickly, & In Canada the parcels post system is restricted to 11 pounds, in the United States to 50 pounds. Anex-l tension of the parcela maut awetam. i. _ Bread pudding is greatly lmbroved by the addition of raisins or currants; A disagreeable job never becomes more attractive by sitting down and dreading it. The best thinoe +a dn is !better; to reach out always for higher and finer things m%.hlleve in good hard work and pi y of it. I glory in the brain and the musclo with which to accomplish my task of striving and overcoming, that I may be ready for the harder things which are to come, | terfcrence are exhausted. Streams About $838 for the first year and $28 in the Southâ€"The South is the arid for the second. Cost accounts of region to the south of Judah, called raising calves by the Ohio, Masâ€" Negeb or Southâ€"land. The streams sachusetts and ~Connecticut Experiâ€" t:}::‘-fl figclscg:n:"dt:; g“g:fl ?1:9 rAINY ment Stations and the U. S. Departâ€" momEo uring the sumâ€" t of Agriculture were used as the mer; followlng the drought the lifeâ€" !"°" giving water returns, fllliggg the people P2#i# for these figures. “ P eE mt T ARRTET * i /talnretlihrnt Aistiviiie es dcticatitics ts hi h 4 i presents . tha _ Tawqu.; _‘ _ "AIOUâ€"Reâ€" of dairying: It brings in revenue for the first year and $29.08 for the Bfi?fitin?i e pi:i‘:i:go comx:aunittoy‘;l every month ‘of the year, and in ,",.y]' second. _ At present high prices the ood to be true." â€" Said theymâ€"'l'he sup. month the dairyman knows just what net.cost for two years rises above $100. fect is indefinite; equivalent to "it was "!" Income from that source is going| Economy in dairying and care in rsaid." Even outside nations re. t9 be. There is another ‘ml”m“tibw' only good stock are thereâ€" cognized the wonderful tramsformaâ€"‘ point: Dairying is a sefe line; there fore necessary. The heifer from a tion. _ Verse 8 represents the comâ€" are fewer ups and downs and fewer| lOWâ€"Producing dam and an inferior munity as uppropriatinr the words of exceptional losses in it than in any S!r0 Will not return the cost of her 3:: :::il?m and :lsn:ecn ling the joy of other branch of farming. |production and maintenance. ‘ . Di::p;:g:tmenct.'hu some! and, What does it cost to raise a dairy| Fast milking pays. The man who there is need of a new manifestation heifer to one year and to two years can make the milk fairly boil in the of the divine lovingâ€"kindness. _ APurn : 4 |pail and raise a lot of foam usually againâ€"The benefits of the former in.| _ Feed alone at mediumâ€"prices costs is getting the maximum flow of milk }er{innge are exhausted.~ Streams 2bout $88 for the first year and %28 from ench cmwâ€" whila am. _3 / L. "" MHE! tra) stt eP etttt 27 TC67} Cuange in the text makes possible the transâ€" lation suggested above which flvea exâ€" cellent sense. _ Jehovah‘s righteousâ€" ness, as defined above, prompts him to bless his people, who will enjoy peace fol'l’ow‘ing y‘i& gfgriot_u manifestation. Cmm oo uy _ .B CCC PECETYY The thought expressed in the first line of verse 10 is repeated in verse 11, that of the second line in verse 12. ‘Vers‘: 13 is obscure. A slight change n 4 kassk: seurens ul on e es m . the covenant relation between himself and Israel, will become active. This will result in the wellâ€"being of the fagg_lful Ll‘l!:orl:g his people. _ ‘ righteousness, t!:t is, his fidelity to e sns L cag Th uuulure 1775 WHesat Helds, " sSorl ol ~history bee,, like a spelling, Homeâ€"Maker: â€" A _ wellâ€"balanced ,_! ‘ * Lwegtock manute supplies three of , bee. _ The prize should go to the child‘ dietary supplies bodyâ€"building, heat-‘for.} |the important constituents of plantâ€"| who can tell the greatest number of | andâ€"energyâ€"supplying and regulntinx'lon‘ ‘|food, nitrogen, which causes the historical events correctlyâ€"for in-'subntance- in the right proportion and ho se |wheat straw to grow; phosphoric acid,| stance, who were the generals at the | in sufficient quantity. Simple meals Tok |which hastens the ripening of the crop‘ Battle of the Plains of Abraham, who | can fulfil all requirements. â€" It is 8°"° anq plm.nps the kernels; and potash,| was Sir Isaac Brock, who made/wiser to spread the vu,riety of food foge w_'hxch gives strength to the crop to re. Ottawa the capital of Canada, Whlt‘over many days than to provide many ‘ (o i | .sut plant diseases and hastens the fill-" event are awe celebrating this year, ’ kinds of food in each meal every day.‘ kind |ing of the kernel. A shortage in any etc. The prize should be something / Following are examples of simple but feved one of these constituents of plnntfood’that has to do with the warâ€"a wnr!well-balanced meals:â€"1. Fruit, oatâ€"‘ ues produces wheat .of poor quality. In picture or a small silk flag. The'mul and whole milk. 2. Egg, bread ‘MX" this connecti.on it should be carefully ; other games should all have something butter, fruit or vegetable. 8.’Bre.d” T noted that livestock manure, while it to do with the country or the war, and,| cheese, tart fruit. _ 4. Baked beans,| famm, is good for most crops, it is somewhat ‘ of course, the singing of "The Mlple’brown'brud apple sauce. 5. Mutton: ! hgrw lunba]anf:ed for the production of Leaf," "Rule Britannia" and “O!potntoel, uc'ond vegetable, fruit blt-’P“mr wheat, in that it carries a relatively , Canada" ought not to be omitted. Be-’tgr pudding. 6. Milk loup'corn bread heln * larg? amount of available nitrogen, g;fore they leave the children should and syrup. 7. Whole w’heat bread ,to‘f.h‘e n'ledmm supply of potash, but a relaâ€" sing the National Anthem, all standâ€"! whole milk prunes. _ These are not" f tively short supply of the constituent ing at attention. ‘ ideal for al’l ages and conditions, but w:o?d }o'f plantfood ths'\t-caqseg the crop to| Sara:â€"1, Cornmeal dumplings may | they meet the needs of healthy a'ctive sintl ripen, phosphoric acid. Investigaâ€" be made as follows: _ Scald a quartlndults io sol :ions have shown, therefore, thatâ€"the m‘hv; t armer can very profitably supplement ~I 4 {was a Hittle girl named Evelyn Vail.‘;....." farm manure with an addition of acid * 2 a CCA © ;J'\.r:Iy.n lll&lie.gll:; ?':o.ifieE;:lty:ov::L harnes phosphate. __ _ Such= an addition reâ€" Amg A2 () liked the dog excgpt herself "‘w 8 duces relative stru;v growth and inâ€" c e ip }. One day Dorothy‘s uncle bt;ught her"fidn’t creases the production of grain. é,m&'s a little yellow chicken. _ It*wa ts â€" (Concluded next week.) " T220 o o PWn ICWICROTL / _ ACWBSs 80;~ «Byi & e h o C Ee Sm c Ee EC023 a e t mote GCRCAmE CC THC which hastens the ripening of the crop ‘ Battle of the Plains of Abraham, who and plumps the kernels; and potash,| was Sir Isaac Brock, who made which gives strength to the crop to re. Ottawa the capital of Canada, what sist plant diseases and hastens the fill-" event are we celebrating this year, ing of the kernel. A shortage in any etc. The prize should be something one of these constituents of plantfood that has to do with the warâ€"a war produces wheat of poor quality. In:pi_cturo or a small silk flag. The ’xu consumption by the plant. Second, be decorated with the flags of the every grower of wheat should as fnr" Allies. _ For one game you could have as possible, manure his wheat fields.‘ & sort of "history bee," like a spelling Livestock manu?e supplies three of , bee. _ The prize should go to the child the important constituents of plant-‘ who can tell the greatest number of food, nitrogen, which causes the historical events correctlyâ€"for inâ€" w&eat :tr.w to grow; phosphoric acid, | stance, who were the generals at the en xt B op Es ui o Tw Sanl UR bet iss aSuk o t U First of all, the farmer can give the soil the most careful tillage, as alâ€" ready stated, which operation will of course bring as much of the soil plantfood as possible into shape for its consumption by the plant. Second, every grower of wheat should as far ~â€" The fourth method of wheat increase is by proper soil fertilization. â€" Men cannot work without food, neither can crops. _ The tiny wheat plant must 'be supplied with a sufficiency of suitâ€" able, wellâ€"balanced plantfood just as much as the fighting soldiers at the front must receive an abundance of wellâ€"balanced diet. The Question of Plantfood. What can be done then to increase crop yields through attention to plantâ€"‘ food ? | crop with strength to withstand the cold weather of autumn and winter. The third method of increasing the wheat yield is by the selection of proâ€" per varieties of wheat and highâ€"grade seed of those varieties. ~Soft wheat produces, as a rule, weak flour. Sound, plump, flinty wheat of gither spring. or winter varieties produces flour that rises well in the pans, and produces bread of fine texture and quality. | manure should be allowed | that are found in a 8â€"12â€"2 mixture but "" 22 °"" #et IProut Of the way|â€" Poultry manure should be allowed t are a 0â€"12â€"2 mixture + $ to dry as quickly as possible. and b,leonly oneâ€"fourth as concentrated . nada the parcels post system|kept dry. . In this condition it wil} hi nninionnter in oc aiee w ricted to 11 pounds, in the, lose but small amounts of its va]uabh‘ * States to 50 pounds, â€" An exâ€" lcomtituents. Like ordinary manure For Afighting lumber yard fires a of the parcels post system in‘ it ferment; rapidly whin mois*â€"and monitor hose nozzle has been designâ€" is oneâ€"6f the very greatest| will lose thereby a largo percentage ed to be mounted on lumber stacking ‘ the country, ofâ€"its nitrogen, worth o1 the market machines_ I growth with the eonsequent' d;re_l;;; ment of a strong crown, which in itâ€" self goes a l_on[ way to providing the germination, and for the life of the beneficial soil bacteria at work in the area where the grain roots stretch out in quest of food. Thorough stirring of the soil allows for maximum root is worth $5 per tonErv:e-n“v;h;n";;;- duced in small. amounts â€"such material is wel!_worth careful preservation. f ,_VsC of Poultry Manure 25 or 80 cents a pound. Since much ‘_ There is no natural manure pro.|Of its potash, phosphoric acid and duced on the farm as rich as poultryj"“’mnn is soluble this manure may manure, according to the College of ®UTr Sreatly from leaching, | Agriculture, yet it receives from the | Caustic lime should never be mixed farmer the least attention of any of @irectly with poultry manure as it the animal excrements. Average mix. lib@rates mitrogen as ammonta, ‘ ed horse and cattle manure carries 10{â€" POUltry manure is rich in nitrogen pounds of nitrogen, 5 pounds of 204 low in phosphorus, These two. phosphoric acid and 12 pounds of COnditions may be corrected by dilut-t potash per ton. Poultry manure conâ€" : ing and reâ€"enforcing the manure as tains in comparison 82 pounds of ‘Oll0ws: To ten pounds of the manure| nitrogen, 85 pounds of phosphoric acid 204 Six pounds of sawdust (or some , and 18 pounds of potash. Whm"m' dry material) .l:d four pounds | ordinary farm manure has a fertilizer i of acid phosphate. This gives a tufl-' value of $1.50 per ton, poultry manure , lizer carrying 8 per cent. of nhro‘:.,' is worth $5 per ton. Even when pro. 380 per cent. of phosphoric melid n Labor, interest and miscellaneous overhead expenses must be added to this feed cost. The twoâ€"yearâ€"old I wonder what my dolly dreams ’ When she is fast asleep? I s‘pose She dreams she is a princess doll With, ‘stead of her old clothes, A golden crown and satin dress All edged with snowy fur. Sometimes she dreams of me, I guessâ€" I often dream of her! & i Patriot:â€"1. The new Trench Cap is | not nearly as long or bulky as the old | & | "Balaclava."~ It reaches just to the| ";neck, and is designed for wear under | ° , the tin helmet by day, and as a lloep-} t ing cap by night. â€" You will require | >‘ about a quarter of a pound of woolâ€"’ : | Canadian Khaki yarn at $1.75 a pound, | ¢/ or fiveâ€"ply Beehive at 28 cents a skein | ‘jwould be suitable. _ Here are the| |directions: Cast on 98 stitches, 82 on | ‘{each needle. _ Rib 2.and purl 2 for 25| ‘, rows. _ Knit 6 and purl 2 for 22 rows.| . ‘/ Narrow second stitch on each end of | . ‘ needle until you have 4 stitches on C ‘|each needle. _ Then thread the end of ,I "the wool with large darning needle i i and buttonâ€"hole around the 8 left, | i jleaving a small opening on top ‘of cap. | : 2. I offer the following suggestions for |1 the elevenâ€"yearâ€"old brother‘s birthdlylt party which you wish to make a ) s ‘ patriotic affair. _ Write. the invit&"p ]tions to the party on plain white | a paper, with a small flag in one corner, : t |Have your table set with red, whitn"c‘ and blue place cards, a white eloth | I: :lnd a centerpiece of red, white and n blue flowers. The birthday cake may I c P ~cordlally Invited to ‘write to this Mothers and daughters of all ageo are cordially Invited to write to th department. initials only will be published with each question and its answer as a means of identification, but full name and address must be 1Mn in Oleh" letter. Write om one side of paplcr on:y. dAvan will be malled direct stamped and addressed envelope is enclosed. Ap:dreu all correspondence for this department to Mrs. Helen Law, 233 Woodbine Ave., Toronto. rAro en of Poultry Manure Doll Dreams Dillyâ€"Dally g)g}/f BCÂ¥ * ts d UDPACZ]1SWEze 3.6 per cent. of phosphoric acid and «45 per \cent. of potash, or about the same proportion of plant food elements that are found in a 3â€"12.2 mixture but only oneâ€"fourth as concentrated . ‘ We may be certain that milk and is products will command relatively higher prices after the war than will | grain and millfeed#, which are now at ‘a premium. < er, no matter how particular and faithful he may be, often fails to get all that the cow would let down to the fastâ€"milking expert, from each cow; while the slower milk.â€" a a,pe| ", 5 SWVE 2P 50 Aoner‘s for the day. |heifer must be credited with a calf |_ "Well," finished Mr. Libby shameâ€" and the manure produced during two facedly, "that‘s about the whole of it. years. The net cost at medium pricu;hko and Wendell managed not to is then given in the bulletin as W-"‘mke fun of me right to my face, and for the first year and $29.08 for the| I turned it off best I could. I told ‘em second. _ At present high prices the I guessed they‘d have to go home to net cost for two years rises above $100. { dinner, bein‘s my wife‘d gone away. Economy in dairying and care ml‘B"t it‘s too much to hope they‘ll keep breeding only good stock are thereâ€" still ‘bout it; so I‘m willin‘ to tell you fore necessary. The heifer from a|the rights of it myself. But Fll ell lowâ€"producing dam and an inferior‘ you one thing: if there‘s a woman in sire will not return the cost of her| Dilmouth that lacks for wood again, production and maintenance. lh..- name won‘t be Mrs. Jotham Fast milking pays. The man who Libby." When her uncle heard of this he bought her another chicken, and we may hope that Dorothy will take betâ€" ter care of it than she did of Fluff. This taught Dorothy a severe lesâ€" son, and now she has lost the title f Dil_l!-Dd!y by being always on time . Fluff. _ Her mother told her to keep: it in the little chicken coop that her| brother Jack had made for it. â€" One day Dorothy‘s mother told her to run‘ out on the lawn, because Fluff was out‘ of the coop and was running all| around. _ But Dillyâ€"Dallyâ€"for this‘ was what every one called her because she always was lateâ€"took her time‘ and when she got there she found that | Evelyn‘s dog had eaten her beloved‘ chicken. | One day Dorothy‘s uncle bought her a little yellow chicken. _ It*was so i?tllld, fat and fluffy that she named it l!mul,ormughwmkeultifldoulh."m: e"Cook for five minutes, stirring d“"lhi- * from the bottom. ‘Take from the fire, | 4 -tbeat in oneâ€"half cupful of powdered ; aud : suet with a tablespoonful of salt and let whe - J it get perfectly cold. ‘Then add three| i .’egg-, beaten light, with two t,nble-'he linpoonful of sugar, nfl, lastly, a tableâ€" | The »Inpoouful of flour three timeslc.h ‘Iwith half a tablespoonful of baking lotti !powder. _ Make out into balls the size Stov of an egg, flour your hands, wrap in any! clean _ cheesecloth squares. The, C Idumplingl wil} double their size in| «9 ‘boiling, so make all allowance in tying Mre them up. Boil one hour hard.. Dip he ‘ into cold water for a second, turn out own and serve with hard sauce. 2. An apâ€"| To |plicltion of hydrogen peroxide will‘he & ltako scorch stains out of silk. Potasâ€"‘ I be sium permanganate followed by sule iy; in] "phuric acid will also remove them. I thi am sorry to say, however, that with ea';‘ the removal of the scorch stains the :he 4 color of the waist is apt to be injured.‘ Enov If you find that this is true, it will be)" n necessary to dye the blouse. 38. You!« «y can remove match marks from white ;nwl paint by rubbing them with a piece of of th cut lemon. it NC M of milk, stir in three cupfuls of Indian TORONTO ‘CE" ‘#stepped into the kitchenâ€"and, Kellup, * f I hope I‘ll never have another feelin‘ > |like I had right then and there. There B ‘”, wa‘n‘t any signs of dinner anywheres. , Y°)The stove was stoneâ€"cold, and on the betâ€" front of it she‘d stuck a big placard: A + | No woodâ€"no fire! no fireâ€"no dinner! * _ | I‘ve gone up to Abner‘s for the day. calf| "Well," finished Mr. Libby shameâ€" two facedly, "that‘s about the whole of it. _ . You never can begin to live until you dare to die. t mostly due to the oil _ . _ C rienment as a fresh herring. The more costly saimon and turbot should be bought by those who can afford them. ~‘The salmon, indeed, gives better value than the cod at present prices. The tinned salmon is mnlllnourMle‘ The sardine has a high fond walna || writer, everyone should buy fresh fish | so far as means allow, as it is a valuâ€" lilblo and digestible substitute for |meat and eggs. The herring, the | sprat, and the mackerel give much the ,beat vahio. The saited herring is easily first at 10 cents a pound, or 5 cents each for goodâ€"sized fish, A {zrut number of salted herrings have 'unully been exported, but should now | be eaten #t home. They must be soak. | ed in water three days, the water beâ€" ing changed four or five times a day, 'or left in a basin in the sink, with the tap running slowly for a day or more,. ’Thlo'y must t.lun’b:“bdhd. and are exâ€" cellent served, failing potatoes, with rice or beans u..:l butter. _ If soaked are also quite m. baked or grilled. A bloat. er or a kipper gives the same amount of nourishment as a fresh herring writer, In a seri6e of articles on "Food and How to Save It," written at the roâ€" quest of the Food Controller, E. I Spriggs, M.D., FR.C.P., writes conâ€" cerning fish. In_tho_.o days, says the | _ "But when we got to the house, ‘bout famished," Mr. Libby continued glumly, "it was fetched home to me ‘all right. I took the harnesses off‘n the horses and fed ‘em while Jake and Wendell went into the house to get ready for dinner. When I come out of the barn they was both out on the worch lookin‘ kind of tickled and red. I had misgivin‘s that minute, but I never had any idea what was wrong. " ‘Well, boys,‘ s‘I, ‘come along in and we‘ll eat, and get back to work as soon‘s we can.‘ And with that, I | "I made some answer, and kep‘ on , harnessin‘. I meant to do it when I got them fellers set to work, but I 'd'ldn’t charge my mind with it I | never tboqght of it again till noon. ; he admitted with a touch of pride. _\ Then he colored a little and faced ©"iCaleb with a sheepish grin. "I ain‘t BE .lottin‘ on lettin‘ my wife get out of 'i: stove wood againâ€"not for one spell, h.‘anywuy." A ' Caleb composed himself to listen. ‘"\! _ "What‘ve you been doin‘ now that ;‘ Mrs. Libby‘s had to train you for?" lt’ he demanded. _ "You might‘s well :.‘ own up; if ye don‘t I shall ask her." " ‘1 want you should get me some wood ‘fore you go away,‘ s‘she. ‘There ain‘t hardly a stick here. I‘ve got to do some bakin‘ if you‘re cal‘latin‘ to have them men stop to dinner.‘ Piper and Wendell Cooper comin‘ to help me for the day, when she come toj.hs kitchen door and hollered to me. never done anything till yesterday. "Yest‘day mornin‘ I was out to the barn, gettin® the harnesses onto the horses early, ‘count of havin‘ Jake , be ashamed," he began haltingly, "and |I be ashamed. I don‘t want you to think I ain‘t. â€" But there‘s so many things to do on a farm this time of year a man gets into the way of doin‘ ithe things that crowd him wust; you ; know how ‘tis yourself." | M_r; P:uloe agreed heartily, tered and encouraged, "I‘ve got into the habit 'of thinkin‘ that ‘twa‘n‘t so much matâ€" ter if I didn‘t tend out on the stove for every stick of wood that was burnt long‘s there was so many other things to do. Course I cal‘late to keep wood ahead for my wife, but she‘s always gone out into the yard and got ‘nough together for herself if I didn‘t happen to do it, and I guess likely Fve got kind of slack. _ Of course, she‘s sputâ€" The better to see over a growing pile of stove wood in Jotham Libby‘s yard, Caleb Peaslee craned his neck. From the farther side of the pile came the sound of an axe plied ‘T‘Ifi ly, and then the perspiring and shoulders of Mr. Libby came into view, Caleb grinned as he watched. "Gittin‘ quite a pile of it manufacâ€" tured ahead, ain‘t you, Jotham?" he inquired. Mr. Libby started nervously and let his axe fall upon the block as he did so. _ He removed his hat and puffed audibly as he approached the fence where Caleb stood. "Well?" Jotham reddened again. «J ,THE REVOLT OF Food Value of Fish, ve got quite a pile, that‘s a fact," with what she‘d do, food value, '.dl“h which it i1 "I ought to visibly #5 @4 +7 4 it