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R BRITISH NAVY’S PART IN WAR CD056" u; u....v_..V- over a hundred surface vessels in and l around the Bight of lleligoland dur-l in; the last twelve months. I In its main aspects the course or, submarine warfare has been revealed. to the public in the npeeches of Lloyd i George and the First Lord of the Ad- ! “any. The Germans have denied, the Admiralty claim to-have sunk at; leaat 150 submarines. The rejoindcri in nah in the form of a list of 150 aubmarine commanders who have been killed. captured or interned. That the IUt will be reproduced in enemy ennuiu' is unlikely. The Ger-am cannot afford to give their people so madam an opportunity of testing the relative veracity ‘of the British Gavel-amen} and at their on; l ‘ “-- an .n§‘van1'| D2t.tart't: FACIOR m SUCCESS OF' THE AWE Keeping the Ocean 'temu..--, Destruction of the Gun-- - aeo--RMe at Pee Fleet. tun -cr. um; ..---.V_' - vent such incidents as the raids on the Scandina-"an convoy, on the ftshirtg boats of the Tyne, or on the Dover patrol! or the attempt to bombard Dunkirk railway junctions but March Any night a few' German cruisers may. under coVer of darkness. make a hurried dash on the East Coast. But the“ enterprises have become rarer. and theylare not likely to increaee. The, are more dangerous than they we, and if the German Admiralty were candid it would have to admit- what the British Admiralty has not ehoeen to tsnnounee--the loss of welt over a hnndred surface vessels in and __ - - - - unra-_.a a...., Thare is an elbow of road Above the Firth of Forth from which the land slopes utecply sad the kindly land- mpe of Scotlnnd I: suddenly sum scaled by that wide floor of my water And the straddle of the an bridge and, it one should come to it In a ferrttmatthour, by such a vision of the apparatus of ac: power, the mu- chlnmy of Admiralty. as only Britain, in thy. tuve of her Mutiny, can dis- play. Iulucr, an“ ...-e. -..- ‘77,, maria search the Heligoland Bight and the enemy coast for signs of activity. Mines have been swept up almost under the muzzle: of ' the onemy guns, and British mines have been laid hy tens of thousands. Even that cons-1:33 activity could not 'St Ott the submarine issue in the main the namU:trugsrr-] of the last twelve month has turned. Since the Battle, of Jutland the German High Seas’ Pleat bar, not ventured into the North _ Son. It has bean content with an, occasional cruise in the Baltic. The) role of the German Fleet has been) the nvowed and the sound one ofi heoning the gate open for the sutw, marlnea. Consequently. the function of tho British Grand Fleet has been- ono of vigilant defence. for there is; no mutual known to responsible' naval shatczlzts of forcing out or, fortinrd harbors a fhset which has‘ determined to remain there. Bat St: has not been a passive defence. l Cour-w of Submarine War. l Not a il:ty passes but some units of l the Grand Fleet, and on occasion the; Fleet on a whole, hvro-been in the, North Sea. From the air, on the surface, and under the avatar in an»: has prom enemy in? the situati tor prosm prolonrsd odds. To, "or'.., tire be ”am Fear. "tht. they k to anti; against the All B him thd W" 0].. race between' L_.-.----- I Musical instruments composed . principally of wood suffer more from ‘the climate of India than any other I wooden strrctuns.’ I STRANGE GREEK FUNERALS tuirrodttetltdthod-etkasof "tying course, depending on the one 1tandtoemthehetttntiorttoftheGer- mm output, and ups the other on the demands undo upon the British naval sctivities in other spheres, not- ably in the protection of Tune-tha- tic convoys. On the whole, however. it can be said thnt the Navy he kept me with the Semen shipyards, end as protective duties diminish or no shared by the Allies, the sctusl re- duetion of the enemy submarine fleet will be resumed. The Allied Fleets. it Arthur It will be, noted that throughout “so“, on. we have referred to the British Na” in the I la! only. This has been due, not to any n it M lack of appreciation of the mutant l 'ie,",': t" and of the Allied Fleets, but P. the fact:I The govern: that almost the whole addltlonal bur- I statement to den imposed by war has fallen no: ferry Denice Britain. France, Italy, Greece "d (a, Englom Japan have fleets of practically t ”service means same strength " those with which; and wagons C they started the war. The effort 0 i from the rail the United Mates, great " it huleteamships I] been, is only now beeinnir.t.tt to bear; the Channel fruit. It placed its avaxlable T/ railway lines sources unrmservedly at the dawn 'means pause of the Allies, but even so its propor- , Channel withc tion of the total naval strength Inland good: wit British waters is {bout three 1"JG"i/t'iii'i is n cent. and in the Iredite.rranee about! the problem six per cent. There 13 a Tgr,',, l France and ii that in the 1ell, future the bur en: still necessar, wiil be lightene . . I r03 erit Tho British Navy can suryey It;§“nfll,h: Wgr t pact share in the war with pride an ianv details of 5‘s future with confidence. l..:,I_ “A “4.- There are many different local cus- toms connected with burial. Almost everywhere a pitcher is broken on the threshold when the funeral leaves the house. In Corfu the house is not swept for three days after the funeral, and when it has once more been swept the broom is burned. Elsewhere all fires and lights are pat out and pot relit for a week, so there can be no cooking. and at the funeral feasts the guests bring their own prepared food. my or bone-house. Rows of these queer sacks can be seen in the ceme- tery at Athens. and they are all num- bered and registered for identifier tion. The bones of the poor are thrown into a common eharneMtouse. The body is dressed as for a festi- val. Civilians no dressed for burial in biack clothes and white gloves, of- tieers of the army and navy in full dress uniform, and ladies in white silk and flowers. .. Three years after the burial the bones are dug up, washed in wine, and preserved in sack} in tht gssu- A Noise Which Cannot Be Accounted: For in Naval Definition. i The first lieutenant has just been! relieved, writes “I. S. T." in the Lon-3 don Daiiy Mail. and was wending his! way from the dutroyer's bridge to! his cabin. Ii. was fairly calm but very f dark, an-l there was little to be/seeni but 3 line of waves on each side and: the dim form of a second destroyer inl station astern. Even for this "No. I"; had no eyes, for he had a weary mid-g die watch and bed was his only: interest. But ha did notice a weird tiqure, apparently human, crawling' about near the "bandstand" of the'; an: r gun. i But ghosts are extra noises and should be avoidable. Some misplaced or ill-fitting article or a loose screw may cause the noise, and with the ship's vibration it will knock or rattle with a regular persistency that will drive the most placid mind nearly to frenzy. and sleep will rarely be the victim's portion until he has left his warm hunk and found the “use of the trouble and the ghost is laid. Boy Carrying Coin Lid Always Reads a Funeral Carine. There are queer customs connected with funerals in Greece. At the head of the procession walks a boy carry- ing the lid of a eoMn, which is deeo. rated with purple gauze, Bowers and tinsel. Then, after a numerous com- pany bearing banners and candles walks the priest, and after him is carried the open eomn. "What on .arth are you hing, Doc?" he aslud, and got the brief unswer, "Laying a ghost." The 'irst lieutenant muted and disappeared below, leaving the doctor to insert I paper wedge between a rattling shell and the. side of the stand in which it was placed A ghost, in naval language, is a noise which cannot be accounted for. In a destroyer one becomes a con- noisseur in noises. The steering gear chinks heavily at intervals and the rhythmic beat of the engines is al- ways there, changing only when the speed is altered. In heavy weather the wauhing and beating of the waters make a, hundred noises, and if the full force of a wave suddenly breaks on the ship's side it gives a sickening thud. which may bring you bounding from your bed-for you never know what may have happened. ' Ile vent to investigate and found the surgeon probationer, clad in a (hi-mo. a leather overall suitrtn wrueh 'h' hm hm n weeping on the wax-dram: mm i; ketow- tot everyone must sleep anc or less clad, ready to turn out at a moumnt's notice. He was feeling about in thc dark, apimrentty in search of smething. NAVY “GHOSTS" High Tide in Dover Straits. , These railway ferries have, how- ever, little in common with a ferry 1 across the Straits of Dover. They all '; run in seas where there are no tides, iand as the rise and fall of the tides it-t Dover and Calais is about twenty ‘feet, it is clear that to run heavy (trains onto ships at either of these ‘ports presents dWeulties which do 'not exist in the Mediterranean fer.. ries. The passenger casually notes that on alighting from the train at (Dover he sometimes has to clamber ( up a gnngway to the deck ofastesm- Q boat, while at other times he descends .a steep gang's/3y onto a deck far lbelow him. In the Mediterranean or 'Baltic ‘the steamboat’s deck [would Inever be more than six inches or a foot above or below the railway line. ',, This dimeulty can be overcome by _ engineers, but it costs money and oc- (casions delay, and the public will be iglad to learn how far and by what a means the government had solved it. If the ferry service is tidal and the .hour of departure varies each day owith the tide. then the value of the 1 service is much diminished. This may _not be of so much inu1ortanee with ', goods trains, but it would-be fatal to _ an effective passenger or mail service ) to the Continent, and even trains con- veying fruits, flowers and other per- ,ishable'goods would lose half the 'vnlue of those which arrived at fixed hours to catch the morning markets. F DiiBeu1ties of Ferry Passage. ; Another dimeulty for an effective , ferry across the Channel is the stormy _and foggy sea to be traversed. The I present service of mail boats is only ' conducted with the greatest diffietuty , during the winter gales and the fogs. Small handy steamboats are then only iron. and they make the French har. , hers with considerable risk. How far a, ferry steamers capable of carrying a Efrain of heavy sleeping and dining {cars could cross in bad weather re- ‘mains to be seen. The French har.. ibors are so small. and the English ’slso, with the exception of. Dover, ;that ocean going steamship; could not be used unless an immense out2 {lay were incurred in creating a new port in France, and the time and risk 1 of building breakwaters is such as to I be an almost inseparable obstacle, for they would cost millions of money and 3 take many years' time. and in the end iwhen the tunnel is built, it will all lave been money thrown away. REASONS WHY rr IS DIFFICUL‘I‘ TO OPERATE Tami Project In 0-]: Elect“! Way of Connecting British Railway sme- With Conn-.8. Sir Arthur Fell, M.P., in an article on "The Channel Ferry.” published in the London Daily Graphic, uh: “Doe. it (ii-penis with the tunnel project?" and says: - - - The government bu permitted the statement to nppear that 1 Channel ferry service is now in operation be.. tween England and France. A ferry service means that railway carriages and wagons can now be run directly from the railway lines onto rails on sleamships and be convoyed across the Channel and run out onto the railway lines in France. By this means passengers can cross the Channel without leaving the carriage, and goods without breaking bulk. The question is raised whether this solves the problem of communication with Franco and if the Channel tunnel is still necessary for the future trade and prosperity of this country. The War Oftke has not published any details of this Channel ferry ser- vice, and whatever may be known by individuals, the matter can only u discussed generally from the knowl- edge we have of railway ferries in operation, and which are well known to travellers. There are such ferries in the Baltic. from Germany to Den- mark; in the Mediterranean, and on the Great Lakes. These ferries are running successfully, and that across the Straits of Messina, uniting Sicily with Italy, has proved a great benefit to Sicily and enabled the oranges and lemons of that country to be export- ed at a profit to Italy and to Central Europe The last and greatest diff1eulty is,', however. the' fact that n Channel, terry will have no effect on the pain- : ful bugbear of seasickness. That is; the real deterrent to foreigners visit-; ing this island. They will not make; the sea voyage here when they canI travel to other lands without discom- 2 fort. The ferry ateamboats with the. trains on board will pitch and roll as the present ones do, and seasick; neg: will be just as rife among the passengers in a railway carriago' which rises and full: as among thoseI on the deck or in the cabins of Bl steamboat. To continue in a nilway; carriage under such conditions. or to; travel afterward in it to Paris or I Switzerland, is unthinkable. Thel ferryboats. however, will have cabins.l and the pomngers will alight an!” shelter in them or on deck during the I passage. I Tunnel in I Necesxity. . The only benefit passengers will derive from the ferry service will be the saving of the trouble of leaving tho train with the hand baggage and walking on tho steamers, and the “me on the arrival at the other side. For goods traMe it will be a great GhlililillHlliilt2lf heir,tutdttwtiirarttr meet the Italian demo for beloved We: ifthernmtotradewtthtminstead of with the Central Powers. London will never be the railroad centre of Europe and the terminus of the great express service to the European upltele. unless the trains can run throughout on nilwayl, and not have to be delayed mdrbroken up for a m voyage an be? after they hove started from Lori on. These seem to bojomo of the rea- sons why a Chanel ferry can at but be no more than a stopgap or substl. tut. for the link which is necessary to eonneet tho British railway system with that of the Continent. The mili- tary side of the -questlon ls not re- ferred to; but it ls obvious that ferry steamers will in war he liable to " tack by warships and submarines, and the value of safety of the tunnel com- munieatt"ort will be lost. It msy also he noted that it would require 3 Beet of more than one hundred ferry boats to carry the trains which could pass thrangh the tunnel in a day. Kermit's Shrine Located on Top of Shayla: Boulder. Sightseeing in Burma is apt to be one pagoda after another, -- and at that the tourist misses most of them. One that he usually does not see un- less he is especially energetic, or has an insatiable taste for pagodas, is the Kyaik-hto-yo pagoda, one ot he mos holy 31:0: in Burma in he eyes of he Buddhist Burmese. The Burmese say that the builder of the pagoda was a hermit]: theory which seems probable enough, for it is built on the top of l steep hill in a location which could appeal only to one of solitary inclination. Even the crest of the hill must have been too close to the world for the holy man, for he located his shine on a huge boulder, which may have been steady enough in his day, but which now seems ready at any time to slip off into the valley several thousand feet below. Assured by the Burmese guide that the rock has rested at this criti- cal angle for many centuries, the visitor, almost breathless from the reckless ascent of a Burmese hill, ciimbs a swaying bamboo ladder to view better the old pagoda. The great rock, with its shrine forming a tiny pointed cap, seems even more unsteady from here, but the guide feels no uneasiness. He. is confident that somewhere below the pagoda is In the early spring pilgrims from all over Burma journey to this for- saken spot to place flowerr, on the rock and offer their prayers and gifts. Jewels and othttofreriryts are tossed with an invocation to Buddha into the chasm below the rock. As they have they place lighted candlés outside the shrine and, as they cross the plain in the. evening they can still see tiny points cf flame mark- ing tlv, sacred spot for other pilgrims who may follow them. Of Many Tteztefieent Acts Mly Be Mentioned That of Ihttrldtthwomen. There was a time when people were fond of teaching their children a cer- tain little song about "Little deeds of kindness, little. words of love"---" must he that those children are the men and women of to-day who are. laterally, going about the world doing deeds of mercy instead of singing about them. For it is a Net that every deed of frightfulness to-day is matched by thousands of deeds of touching kindness and mercy. The best verses of that simple little song are being set to music that sings itself into tho hearts of those who needed the kindness more than any- thing else in this world. Because the workers are so sincere few persons know of their song. aiocicuof bdddr.res hair, and this alone they: the boulder from its fall. V VHowever, it hapfisns that two Eng- lish women, sisters, have been doing a work for which, no doubt, many a Canadian woman will bless them. When Belgian refugees began pour- init into England those two sisters, the Misses Tebbutt. began distribut- ing chocolate and cigarettes to Bel- gian soldiers who landed at he docks of Southampton. It was not long be- tore a hospital ship arrived bringing British wounded. Ever since that day, these two giris, unaided, have met every hospital ship (with very few exceptions) and have given to each soldier and officer this thought- ful little greeting. They wear no uniform and are the only women on tho berth. They never get in the way and always manage to greet all the men. Considering that one sister has to do a whole ship alone when two ships happen to dock at the same time it is my to see that their self- imposed mission is not an easy one. Speeitt1,boyef have been made car- rying several kinds of cigarettes and chocolates and fastened to this is a pouch with many. pockets holding post cards, pencils: matches and news- papers. At tlrtrt the entire cost was borne by these splendid girls and their friends but now the plain cho- colate and cigarettes are from a fund collected in the town, while the milk chocolate. post cards. pencils. ete., are still the contribution of the Japan has been added to the coun- tries using motion pictures for edu- cational purposes. sisters LITTLE DEEDS OF MERCY BUDDHIS’I‘S HOLY SPOT id for the holy) The use of the words "fly" and his shine on a "flee" in our war journniism has also may have been i been confusing to 80me. "rt"l,v"rnettnir day, but whichito move with wings, while "flee" is my time to slipfa general term, and denotes moving everal thousandfwith rapidity. In speaking of the (Kaiser and his people's conduct, how Burmese guidg' many cf us make any discrimination red at this criti- i between the words "erime." sim" and centuries, the , "viee." Yet each have quite difrertntt tless from tttel, meanings. Burmese hill,’ Our old, well-worn friends, “Nigh- mboo ladder tol ty" and "camouflage," hardly need pagoda. Thef reference. but the ftrst named in shrine forming' doubtless derived from "bi!ati," the earns even more ', Hindu word fur home, and brought to but the guide; this country by our soldiers from He is eoniident,' overseas. "Camouthute" is a French v the pagoda is l, expression, meaning literally, 'tto blow hair, and this i smoke into mother's e.ves"--therurore Mor from its; a very effective temporary "blind".' l “Going West” is another which has n profound and poignant "nifleants. [In ',','/Q in doubtless from Nome. _whm North America," 1nd " ipoculin aprr1ieatri1ity is soon as one ithinU of the sun sinking to ita rest at evamttde behind some of the eternal hills. “According to plan' is a mili- ' tary idiom which has been frequently xused of late, and has much sitrniG I can“. Sone War Words That Witt I". 1 PM Place In Our lam-(o. The English human is a very "einatfe" one. and ever receptive of gay vegan mg! ply-uses, say: in Eng- nun writer. At the present time it in coding 'aturated with tonne of milk tury. French and American origin in pnrticulet. The use of en expressive word in: indeed become " work of national importance." This term itself ll one of the best evolved in the present crisis, end its pdwerful, unmistakable meaning uniteeted us I“. Among the phrases which have come to any is that striking French one: “Ila ne passer-out pas" (They shall not eral). It tells of grit and perseverance on the .purt of brave men egainst fearful odds, and will ever be an inspiration bo future gen- erationn. Much discussion has taken place recently over the meanings of words "deeimated" and “offal." The that word is frequently used try war cor- respondents to express great slaught- er, but really it only means one In ton, being derived from the Latin "decimus," a tenth. “0331." again, has a very dispicasing sound to most cars. as meaning just refuse. But if we divide the word into its parts-- "off" and "fall,"---" loses its offensive quality, and denotes simply good waste meat. With Dover Tunnel it Would Link England With South Africa. Interest has lately revived in the saeherne for a tunnel beneath the Straits of Gibraltar. which has. like that for a railway link between Eng:- land and France, made an appeal to engineers for a generation or more. Some of the technical aspects of the project have been under discussion before the French Society of Civil Engineers, and it does not appear to be thought that there are any ob- normal Mft1eulties on the engineering side. Owing to the depth of water and ehnraeter of the sea bed and the underlying strata, it would be neces- sary to construct such a tunnel at a depth, it is believed, of some MO metres; and the length between Tar- ifn, the suggested point of departure on the Spanish side of the Straits. and either of the alternative points of emergency on the Morocco coast, would be ebout 16% miles. The scheme now put forward by M. Henri Bressier does not differ in its essentials from that planned by Ber.. lier twenty years ago; but it is felt that the case for the tunnel has been strengthened in the interval, and it is believed that the capital could now be found. without seeking any f1naneia1 aid from either the French or Spanish Governments. It is assumed by the advocates of the scheme that tie cost of construc- tion would not exceed fl10,000,000, but necessary port improvements would call for an additional £4,000,000. There can he no doubt that the link- ing of the European and African rail- way ayatems would give a great stimulus to French and Spanish trade and on the nssumntlon that the tun- nel beneath the Straits of Dover is constructed, the tunnel would provide over the Trans-African railway a through route between England and South Africa. A o you that still have rain and sun, Kisses of children and of wife, And the good earth to tread upon, And the mere sweetness that " life. Forget us not, who gave tdl these For something dearer and for rout Think in what cause we crmued the was! Remember. he who fails the ab“; lento Fails us, too. Now in the hour that ghows the __ tstrong--. _ The you] no evil powers ttthar-- Drive straight agnimt emb-ttled Wrong: Faith Jammy but one. the hardest On. to that 1rymr'sprtat overthrow! We are with you, of you; we the pain and Victory share. Endurc; ihe and is worth the throe, Give, give; and dare, and attain GIBRALTAR STRA ITS TUNNEL BAITLEFIELD LINGO The Dead to the Living. M. TROOPS" ', IBliullli0lM,killi ENEMY MYS'I'IFHED BY YANKEE Waged the Foe. A make~bollm forest lam!- shut the ads. of the mad " the entnnee to the America: caanottfiatte nation here. It looks as natural u the red woods along-the fhrhtintt front, with the chiny silver bark of the beaches. the 'rurh, Jaggod trunks of the old Maple treat. nnd the sprouting tops of the dwarf willows, says n war cor- respondent. - Shel Com in lake-Believe Forest Conceal Hidden Men Who Yet, every tree in the earrtouflagrs forest has a steel core within which an observer peers forth to watch the movement. of an enemy or a machine gun is located to sweep forth from its hidden recent. They ere only one of the many strange devices to de- reive and mystify the enemy which this earnoufUge station is sending forth to tho army. Camouflage in one of the distinctly new products of the war. even in the name. which was used for the first time by General de Castlcnau, Chief of Stat? of General Jotrre.. The word is not good French, but comes from tho argot, or French slung. the verb "cutaoutter'utMsiutr used by French po- lies to indicate any disguise used to rt,tfdegigott.t, For example. a do tective camou ages himself by dras- ing " a coachman. Follow Allies’ Methods. -Farty in the war the famous oar- trait painter. Giron de Shela, con- ceived the idea of disguising batteries and 1wildings by painting them in fantastic patterns blending with the landscape. He laid the plan before General de Castlenau. who, struck with the practical value of the plan, exclaimed "camuutltrtrs." And from that time the word crew and with it grew into a tremendous magnitude this art of misleading the enemy. The American nrmy has been mak- ing full use of the atrange new wee- pon of warfare and the eatnoufiage plant is one of the most complete in existence with a working force of nearly one thousand and a staff in- cluding many of the well-known mural artists. and decoratovs and sculptors of America. all of them en- geged in producing these curious de- vices by which military art deceive: the enemy. But there must be samething mere than stage properties in the produc- tions of these artiste. They mast be practical and suited to the mes of warfare, and it is the put of. Colonel Bennlon, head of the eamouftaee ste- tion, to keep these artistic produe- tions within practical limits. They Were [tinned Up Near Front Line But Ridden From “on. Just how the armored tractors, med for the first time by the British agninst the Hum, were given the name "tanks' is told by Hence Gaul, a veteran ol the war. “I was sent across with Canadian troops shortly after the outbreak of the war," said Mr. Gaul, “sa s mem- ber of the Eighth Battalion, First Division, the 'Little Blank Devils.’ In the front lines we used to get our supply of water from smell tanks vonveyed from the purifying punts to the trenches by motor csrs. In a few months we began to hear the sound of rivets being driven. This went on day and night for months, and when we asked what they were making they told us 'tanu.' Por t your thls went on. and we began to think they must have had enough tanks made to carry nll the water in the world. “One day there came I huge, lum- bering steel fortress on wheels. It went right across No Man's Land and Hannah up 3 party of Hunt. Right then and there they were christened 'tanim' by the men. end that name hue stuck to them ever since." In order to meet the enormous} army demands for meat in Italy, the i naught" of cattle for the civiliani supply has had to be reduced from the pro-war consumption of TO gram- I men a day per person to 6 iriiGiGl, a day. The extreme Ihortlge of beef I has reacted on the consumption ofi substitutu no that there is now a very i greet demand for these, eepecinlly tUh of all kinds and pork. Then han' also been 3 diminution of over 50 per cent. in the production of milk, butter and cheese. Another argument for more Canadian girls going in for dairying. What in described as the o'des'c'eoar.tar dycl, the dycrs fell back on timber in the world thh luts been the old-time colon, which fetched used by man in found in an ancient racy. prices for a while. But. uuor.. tomple of Egypt. This timber is uud tunatel.v, they did not know how to in connection with stone work, which use them. The ancient rocipeu wen- i- known to be more tUn 4.900 your! lost and the craftsmen who under. Il,','; This wood-and the oisV W°°d1tood them wen long dead. ployed in the eoetatruetlon of tho} u, "timid dye quite qui- Indigo tample-O in a” form of ties which {whine or udder for red. The an. holdtheondotonowonetouothu. {.mdmood forbtaek. {my TtsetusarPeartottertamarhF.,of 10M u an unwind W whieh the ark "- eonrtrueted. {which "tltleial blacks as. Mad. Oldest tuber in the World. Food Situation in Italy. NAM F, FOR TANKS ONTARIO ARCHIVES TORONTO NIK- DEPEAY INTO VICTORY BY DARKNG DEEDS Bone Samples ad the Mag'titieent gmgun during an battle a Cam- brai t A “tenant of a New South red. lent, Andirt. the dance of his brigade held up by heavy machine. gun he on both funk: end the thick, uncut: win ntitl before the enemy trenches, crawled forward alone through a hail of tire. He found e mull cup and through this he led hie men, outlining bombing partien. The enemy counter-attacked in forest, and, running short of bombs. the compay found incl! in I critical situation. Although wounded in the head. the Lieutenant went back alone to our attacking line. and going from wmpmy to company, gathered a 'tup- bend. the Lieutenant went luck alone to our attacking line. nnd going from wmpnny to compnny, gathered a my ply of beam. Be received a slight wound in the side during the trip. On 1in return he found but a mere handful of men. but Immediately or- ganized them and thcn ant-ted bomb. ing the enemy out of his defame sys- tem, which here consisted of numer- oul an]! detached grandma. a few feet long. lie was. therefore, obliged to emu-go over the top from one to mother. but tvacceedod in during the system himself, killing eleven Were Obtained From Natural ObieeU, an Plants and We. What did people do for dyes bo. fore the days of coal-tar derivatives! Dr. Louis J. Mam says that dyer: were aecuatomed to rely upon the Indigo plant for blue. madder root for a brilliant (Turkey) red, aafllow- ers for a beautiful pink and Hilton for yellow, aupplemented by logwood, Brazil wood, “lac," buckthorn berries and "kermas" for crimson. There were other kindl of tropical wooda and barks; alao turmeric (a plant of the glnnr family) for yellow, and, by no means to be forgotten. eoehineal. Cochineal, la: and kemea were Hand are to-day) derived from tiny i!yrlrtr-rPt first-named being com- it'ye'lT propagaoed on a species of actua. their natural food plant, culti- GTii for the purpose. _ - 3 Those were dnys when the nrt of ‘dyeing held many secret: that were ). handed down from father to son. with g'vdulble recipes for coloring wool, motto: 5nd silk. . . . I When the In: brought a famine of cod-tar dyel, the dyer: {all back on the old-tine colon, which fetched fancy. Prices for . while. But. unfor- "unateir, they did not know how to use them. The indent recipe- wen lat and the emftamen who under. "tood the. were long and. - _ and taking twenUr-five prisoners. Be Iteadhstly refused to be evacuated. retaining with the camp“,' for two dtx.vs, until badly wounded in the back and gassed, when he was ordered out by senior Micera. a made his report and then collapsed, having been sustained only by hi: pagaionatu devotion to duly. “allied at Critic-l Junelure. In the same battle a Captain of I light infantry regiment assumed command of a buttalion when the senior ofBeers became casualties. At Tilton on September 80. when three commnies on the left were badly disorganized, and were even begin- ning to withdraw from positions so hardly won, he went forward. rally- ing men at, this critical juncture and succeeded in penetrating to their ob. W. By his cheerfuineas and Im- llagcins energy and utter disregard of (linger, be so inspired all ranks that they willingly followed him ‘thrmh a most intense shell and m- chim gun tere. It “'15 entirely due to lull tntteniftttettt work that pert of Ttttor, which was of critical strategic tmpoetariee, remained in our hind: on that by. - A Captain of a mounted rifle hat- Ulion, when his men were being deci- mated by machine run fire, ai- though wounded, dashed forward alone into an enemy machine gun nest, and armed only with rifle and bayonet, killed four ad took eight prisoners. Be gathered his men to- ttether and under a withering fire organized a party to 60 in the pp on the flank and reinforce the troops attacking Tilioy. Hearing that the Commander: of two other companies dancing on his right were cunni- ties, And seeing that the stubborn re- sistance of the enemy was holding up the entire line, he undertook. amid . storm of fire, the reorganiza- tion of theme platoon, and, “king command of our lending waves. con. tinned to dunes. “in mgrettitteantt bravery Ind heroic Readership turned an imminent defeat into victory. From the woods were derived reds and browns mostly. They were ground or raped to I powder out! sold in this tbsp. to the dye". who boiled than to get the colon, the mum.» thus obtained being called "liquors." Bere m mm we: of personal 0F CANADA'S SONS DYES OF EARLIER DYE8 attirrereDme_tkMiem. nettlr-tivo prisoners. He efused to be evacuated. th the compuny for two dly wounded in the back when he mu ordered r aim-era. 6 made his Leader. ii fl {A "