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‘lling is Reâ€" iful Triâ€" MORIAL orVv CONFER. Pwr:& al 3 been a day se PV O# t an la et forces making â€" the startling a that he find a armies. He ha no king but Jeh arm‘es. He had thought they needed no king but Jehovah only (chaps. 7â€"8). When the king was chosen and the attempt was made to begin kingly rule, Samuel did two very important things. He chose and set apart the grea DW Ann:iversariecs, in general, are useâ€" 1 occasions on which to review the st, take stock of the present and form resolutions for the futur2 in e light of experience. On this, the rd anniversary ef Confederation, t us take an observation of our sition, write our logâ€"bock up to date id shape our course to avoid the ingers ahead, that the good ship ‘znada" may have as smooth and '%f k. W â€"*£8efIGUOR Nn f naking for unio tling and disqu find a king tc He had thoug! but Jehovah onl the king was was made to la hara iT ical organization. His & personality, and the ol his name and of his acter, were _ strong ‘or union. Then came id disquicting demand king to lead Israel‘s te sent ea an awiul 1 somewhat bat Taking Stock on Canada‘s Fiftyâ€"=Third Birthday th H ery important u_ large scale. le L H )es for counâ€" believed that specially the iip, would be anent than a rCi y m e throughâ€"| (8: and well.! bor n training, ful riest, and| gui ; as unifier| (ch naker andirea these caâ€"] and rue greatâ€" great who our model s5 manâ€" has the xtravaâ€" ‘an not gh al : judgâ€" of the ed his s and bring ; _ into years people endent ship of 1 false r this . â€" and d, and repreâ€" t men all emp J | Two great disappointments â€" and miel| sorrows came to aSmuel. The first He! was the misconduct of his own sons ighâ€"| (8: 1â€"5). The second was the stubâ€" vell.| born and childish petulance and wilâ€" iing fulness of Saul, who refused to be and| guided by the prophet‘s counsel ifiler| (chaps. 13 and 15), and who for this and | reason was rejected from being king caâ€" and another chosen to take his place. norâ€"| Saul, in breaking with Samuel, sepâ€" true arated himself from one who would who : always have been the wisest and most + to disinterested of counsellors, who had AT re re H to of ! king in such a way, by anointing with | holy oil, as to impress upon him the ; fact of the supreme lordship of Je-} hovah, and of the authority of His prophet. And he wrote in a book the | manner of the kingdom. That is to | say, he wrote the ancient laws which ‘ wuaranteed freedom and justice and the rights of the men of Israel as ‘against any usurpation of them, or exercise of arbitrary power, on the " part of the king. And so he made the / recognition of Jehovah *a fundamental | part of the constitution of the new | kingdom, and he gave to king and | kingdom an ideal character, as the ’ earthly representatives of the person ‘\ and rule of the heavenly King, an ‘ideal toward which the prophets of / subsequent times continually directed ‘ the hope and ambition of Israel "| (10; 25y. % | biggest per capita fire loss of any | country in the world. That is to say, i we are using up our plant and‘ equipâ€" | ment faster than any other people, | and a greater proportion of our new | construction is mere replacement and vithout depleting the parental stock. As regards .minerals, though, of course, once used they can never be replaced, we can, with care, indefinâ€" itely postpone the evil day of scarcity and exhaustion. Let us consider in a little greater detail how these desirâ€" able ends may be attained. Forestry Practice. As regards the forest, our own menâ€" tal attitude towards it is largely to blame. _ We have inherited from pioneer days a«â€"disposition to regard it as something to be cut down to make room for settlement. We must been seriousiy de started on her care magnificent â€" dower natural wealth. It are showing their baneful results toâ€" day in decreased yields and weedâ€" choked farms. _ Thus, the economic problems of the older lands have overâ€" taken this country in half a century. The remedy for this state of affairs is CONSERVATION. â€" We cannot a very strong hold upon the hearts of the people, and whose faith would have been a constant source of strength and courage. Saul was a good soldier, but arms alone cannot make a nation great. _ Saul with Samuel might have wrought great things. Some of the sayings of Samuel have been often repeated and are well worth memorizing. _ For example: "Prepare your hearts unto the Lord and serve him only" (7:3). "Hitherto hath the Lord helped us" (1: 12). "For the Lord will not forsake His people, for His great name‘s sake" (12; 22). "Hath the Lord as great delight in burnt offerings and sacriâ€" fices as in cbeying the voice of the Lord? â€" Behold, to obey is better than sacrifice, and to hearken than the fat of rams" (15: 22). "For men looketn on the outward g&ppearance, but the Lord looketh on the heart" (16: 7). Samuel‘s greatness lay in service. He was a man of his own time, with the limitations of his age and time, but he was wholly disinterested and unselfish. â€" He sought no wealth, worldly honor or advantage. He might have been Saul‘s chief minister if he had not been true to his convictions and jealous of the honor and authority of his divine King and Lord. But as spiritual and national leader, ardent patriot, and writer of law and history he made a very grug:“hce for himâ€" self in the life of his o®n people, and a very great and worthy contribution to the good of humanity. na m ources, but it is not the It Then in OU th » keep the the waters the Fraser N ecome valuâ€" sible | April 23rd last was the sixtyâ€"ninth| gi» ff Montagu Allan, President, Mr. \ anniversary of Canada‘s first postageI D. C. Macarow, General Manager' aAad | stamp, the threeâ€"penny red. That' to the members of the Board of | stamp, designed by Sir Sanford Flemâ€"| pjrectors ‘ ing and bearing the picture of the| ',______,:,___ | beaver, was first put on sale for thel o s | benefit of Canadian letter writers on‘ Canada has 78 railways. | April 23rd, 1851. The first issue ofjwmm__‘ iCanadian stamps were this threeâ€"| |\ penny, a sixpenny with the Prince, Canada has the largest and | Consort‘s picture on it, and a twelve-: most beautiful Mountain Naâ€" |\ penny bearing a portrait of Queen: tional Parks in the world, thousâ€" |\ Victoria. The sixpenny was put on ands of square miles in extent, | sale in May, 1851, and the twelveâ€"| aptly termed "Sixty Switzer | penny in June of the same year. Only | lands in One," exceeding in naâ€" |1,500 copies of the latter stamp v «.4 tural grandeur all other parks | ever put on sale at postâ€"offices, in the world. Among them, | though the Government received over| Canada‘s Rocky Mountains Park \fifty thousand copies from the printâ€"| has an area of 1,800 square | ers. Where the rest went to no onei miles; Yoho Park, an area of | seems to know. The twelvepenny is 560 square miles; Glacier Park, ‘Cannda's scarcest stamp, good copies $ 4"°@ of 468 square miles; Revelâ€" | of it now selling at from four to five stoke Park, 95 square miles. | hundred dollars. l assimilate the idea that the forest is a crop and is to be cultivated as such. Perhaps it will not be necessary for us to prepare the ground and plant trees; if natural reproduction is suffiâ€" cient, so much the better. But we must give natural reproduction â€" a chance to act. In the first place, it is quite in order to tackle the virgin forest and cut down the bigger trees. Conservation does not mean mere preservation. . A virgin forest has attained its maximum growth; it is a ripe crop and needs harvesting. By taking out the larger trees, we give the younger ones a chance to develop. After such selective cutting, the growth will more than balance the decay and we are distinctly the gainâ€" ers by the process. It should not be assumed, however, that proper selection can be attained by the simple ruleâ€"ofâ€"thumb method of imposing a diameter limit, below which trees cannot be cut. Every tree in the forest competes with its fellows for light, air, moisture®and soil food. It follows that all unsound trees should be removed, whether maâ€" ture or not. Further, the spacing of the trees that are left must be conâ€" sidered. Each must have room to grow. Hence, what is needed is inâ€" telligent selection directed by trained men., Intelligently to cultivate the forâ€" est, it is necessary to know how long the crop takes to mature. This is not accurately known at present but growth studies, now being underâ€" taken by the Commission of Conserâ€" vation, are expected to answer the question. It will take three or four years, however, before the results can be determined. A â€" further â€" consideration â€" which enters into this problem is that the whole character of a forest can be changed by removing certain species and leaving others. This process is actually going on in the pulpwood areas of Eastern Canada. The coniâ€" ferous trees, especially spruce and balsam, are being cut down, while less valuable bardwoods are being left because it does not pay to reâ€" move them, Consequently, these hardâ€" woods now dominate the cutâ€"over areas and retard or provent the growth of a second crop of pulpwood. The best solution of this problem would , be the development of some economic use for these hardwood trees. The practice of forestry is useless without proper fire protection. Since Confederation, it is safe to say that more merchantable timber has been burned than cut. The principal damâ€" age toâ€"day, however, is to the young growth, for the fires are mostly in cutâ€"over areas. An efficient fireâ€"paâ€" trolling force must be provided. But, as an ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure, proper slash disposal is most important. _ All the debris left after lumbering should be piled up and burnt under proper superviâ€" sion. There would then be far less chance for a fire to start and to spread. Our First Postage Stamp The following account of the origin of the term "Dominion," as applied to Canada, is given in a letter written on June 28th, 1917, by Leonard P. D. Tilley, M.P.P., St. John, N.B., to Geo. S. Holmstead, K.C., Senior Registrar, High Court Division, Toronto. Mr: Tilley is a son of Sir Leonard Tilley, one of the Fathers of Confederation: "I have your letter of recent date asking me if I can give you any inâ€" formation in regard to the question as to who suggested the name ‘Dominion‘ for the Dominion of Canada at the time of the drawing up of the British North America Act. You state that you have heard and read that my father, the late Sir. S. L. Tilley, was the one who suggested this name. You are correct in this statement so far as my knowledge goes. I have heard my fathet state how he came to suggest it at the B.N.A. conference. When the Fathers of Confederation were assembled, ‘=â€"ussing the terms (Concluded next week) How Canada Got Her Name Remarkable Year of Progress Shown by the ;vam ; Canada has the largest and !§$ most beautiful Mountain Naâ€" | tional Parks in the world, thousâ€" !? ands of square miles in extent, aptly termed "Sixty Switzer ! lands in One," exceeding in naâ€" tural grandeur all other parks in the world. Among them, Canada‘s Rocky Mountains Park : has an area of 1,800 square |$ miles; Yoho Park, an area of !$â€" 560 square miles; Glacier Park, I area of 468 square miles; Revelâ€" t stoke Park, 95 square miles. The Merchants Bark of Canada enâ€" joyed a very remarkable year of proâ€" gress during the twelve months ended April 30th. The paidâ€"up capital of the Bank was enlarged during that period by $1,400,000, representing an increase of 20%. Not only did the new capital immediately justify itself, so far as earnings we.e concerned, but it was accompanied by a growth in the total volume of business which was sufâ€" ficient to keep the ratio of capital to assets unchanged for the year. The assets of the Bank are 18.40% greatâ€" er than they were at the boginning of the year, having increased from $166,â€" 725,404.95 to $197,387,855.14. Of this growth $24,900,000 is accounted for by the remarkable expansion in deposits which largely represent the savings of the clients of the Bank and which are now over $163,000,009. The Bank was able to maintain a strong liquid position throughout the year. Quick assets at the end of April â€"were over $72,697,546.36, and were at a ratio of 40.81% to the total public liabilities, amounting to $179, 988,920.94. The Bank‘s share in the task of financing the commercial and industrial business of the Dominion was well aittended to, the sum of $113,â€" 198,913 being devoted to current loans and discounts in Canada. The sum of $3,587,491.69 was loaned to Canaâ€" dian cities, towns, municipalities and school â€" districts, and â€" $1,117,268.51 loaned otherwise than in Canada. The shareholders benefited largely by the prosperity of the institution. The annual distribution of profits was increased by the addition of 1% bonus to the 12% dividend regularly in force, while the shareholders also enjoyed the privilege of acquiring a large isâ€" sue of new stock at much less than its market value. The distribution of profits was, howâ€" ever, moderate in comparison with the earnings, which were at the rate of 20.48% on capital stock, or 10.64% on the actual investment of the shareâ€" holders, when the Rest Fund is taken into consideration. Of the remaining profits $100,000 was written off the Premises Account, and $700,000 added to the Rest Fund, but a portion of the latter amount was derived from the profits of previous years, as the Profits carried forward now stand at $260,774. â€" Both the shareholders and the general public are indebted to the management of this old and conservaâ€" tive, yet enterprising institution, forâ€" the constantly increasing services which it is rendering to Canadian business. Its progress during the past year must be highly gratifying, not only to the shareholders, but to Sir H. Montagu Allan, President, Mr.‘ D. C. Macarow, General Manager, and and conditions of the Confederation,' and the drafting of the British North America Act (this is the story as I have personally heard him tell it), there had been considerable discussion the day before, and many suggestions as to what the new United Canada should be called, and no conclusion had bean reached. The discussion on the name stood over until the next day. The next morning, as was Sir Leonard‘s custom, he read a chapter from the Bible, and that particular morning he read Psalim 72, verse 8, ‘He shall have dominion also from sea to sea.‘ When reading verse 8 of the said psalm the thought occurred to him, What a splendid name to give Canada, the word ‘Dominion‘ of Canâ€" ada. When he went back to the sitâ€" ting of the convention that morning he suggested the word . ‘Dominion,‘ which was agreed to, and Canada was called the ‘Dominion of Canada.‘ This is the version of the matter as I understand it." f 1919â€"1920 Was Almost as Large in Proportion as Inâ€" crease in Capital Stock. Shareholdérs Had a Very Satisfactory Year. Balance Sheet Exbhibits Bank in Strong Position. Merchants Bank of Power produced on Canadian side _ Canada entered the war with a debt of Niagara Falls, 400,000 horsepower; of $42 per head, and emerged with a 125,000 is exported to United States. debt of about $250 per head. f LASZ Makes Harness and Axles, 5427 M ap on tge e ons t gop 2 Milking Time = Don‘t You Drecd It ? Imperial Eurcka Harness Oil remains in the leather (unlike vegetable oils) and prevents cracking or breaking of stitches. Keeps siraps and tugs pliable and strong â€" preserves the harness against the action of sweat, moisâ€" ture and dustâ€"wards off insects. AImparts a rich, black lasting hainnded intieipeatsnit We i DPEA ( ++ 202 THE cow‘s ADboPTEp CHILD it‘ different. For the Macartney Milker not only tekes all the drudgery out of milking time and makes 4t the most pleasant work on the farm, but it is a big moneyâ€"maker and a big labor saver. The Mac« artney does its work thoroughly and completely and pays for itselt in a short time. â€" Furthermore, it is so patural, uniform and gentle that the cows are quieterâ€"more contented, the milk fow is greater \thas under harsh hand troatment. â€" THE_ Fom;ng and evening drudgery on ‘that hard, shiny milk stool, the tired arms and aching wriateâ€"the daily grind of an! uncomfortable distasteful year ‘round chore? Small wonder you dislike it, And the tows like hand milking no more than you do. But with The Macartney Machine Milker 22 O Canada, my country and my love, O Canada, with cloudless skies above, Where‘er I roam, where‘er my home, O Canada, O Canada, â€" God pour His blessings on thee from above, O Canada, my country and my love. My heart goes back to thee. 3 Thy lakes and streams, thy boundless dreams, _ Thy rivers running free. ___â€"â€"Caron and Lt.â€"Col. F. G. Scott (First sung in a Y.M.C.A. tent in Belgtum), Learn all about the exclusive features of the Macartney Machine Milkerâ€" put your name and address on the coup>n below and mail it toâ€"day. There is no obligation invoived and we feel sure you will be interested even if you do not figure on purchasing a "niliker" iinmediately. Game as Their‘ Name EKn 4A / SeKk Canada, My Country . TIRES Known Everywhere Imperial Mica Axle Grease smooths the surface of axle and hub with a filling of fine mica â€"relieves the cause of friction â€"»coats and cushions with a layer of highâ€"grade lubricating grease. Lessens the strain on harness and horses. Cutsdown repair bills. Sold in sizes from a 1 lb. tin to a barrel. / Gent le menâ€" * Please send me fuil pariiculers about the Mecerincy Milker, ‘The Macartney Milking Machine FILL 1N AND MAIL THIS COUPON OW ONTARIO ARCHIVES _ As early as 1700 the maple was looked upon as a fit emblem for Canada. In 1812 the British and Canâ€" adians, when fighting in the woods, concealed their scarlet uniforms by cutting slits in the breasts of their |tun~ics and inserting leaves of maple. Miss Carnahan notes that the Royal Canadian Society at Grimsby designed a banner and painted on it were large autumn maple leaves, which was carâ€" ried in procession‘ October 13, 1853. In 1859 the maple leaf was placed on the regimental colors of the 100th |\ Regiment. As the fioral emblem of ‘Clnldl the maple leaf dates from \ 1860, when Edward VII, then Prince | of Wales, visited th‘s country. Sir | Daniel Wilson, late president of the 1Toronto University, relates a most interesting Indian legend. The Chippawgs believed the mother of their tribe was a great Manitou made out of a tree. She had three sons at a birth.. The first became a beaver, who built his lodgo by the river; the second, a fish, who swam swiftly down the river and was lost in the great lake, and the third beâ€" came the father of the Chippawas, One day while out hunting, the third son waz met by the Great Spirit, whe told him to shoot the first living thing he saw, and he would never want for food thereafter. We hunted several days, but saw nothing, and returned home to his lodge. His mother cama to meet him, quickly told him he had not obeyed the Great Spirit, and then fled. Suddenly remembering she was the first living thing he had seen, ha raised his bow and shot her. Immeâ€" diately she turned into a sugar rqaph tree. When the Indian withdrew his arrow from the tree trunk the sap flowed out"and he quenched his thirst and gave of it to his brother the Beaver. The Coat of Arms of Quebec grantâ€" ed by Royal Warrant, May, 1868, shows a sprig of three green Maple leaves on a gold background comprisâ€" ing the lower third of the entire shield. * Barlow Cumberland (History â€" of the Union Jack), says "the Maple is heraldically recognized as the emblem of Canada, but has no definite place on the coat of arms of the Dominion. It merely appears on two of the four provincial shields." The Government sanctioned in 1870 a green garland of Maple leaves on the Dominion arms. Ordinary civil usage has given our emblem a larger freedomâ€"on _ our coins, . poslage stamps, Northwest and Canada servâ€" ice medals and in our poetry and song. Its beauty and strength have not escaped the poet‘s eye. _ Such men as Roberts, Ascher, Campbell, McColl and Kirby, Sangster, Lovell, Emerson and Muir have not failed to grasp its true emblematic meaning. And what could be more significant toâ€"day than the words of the poet Johnson? "And when its leaves all crimson There is an English superstition respecting the Mapleâ€"that long lifo will be conferred upon the children who are passed through its branches. Droop silently and fall, Like drops of life blood welling From a warrior brave and tall; It tells how fast and freely Would her children‘s blood be shed, E‘er the soil of our faith and freedom Should echo a foeman‘s tread." Shy bird of the silver arrows of song That cleave our northern air s clear, Thy notes prolong, prolong, I listen, I hearâ€" "Tâ€"loveâ€"déarâ€"Canada, Canada, Canada." O plumes of the pointed dusky fir The total number of Canadians capâ€" tured as prisoners of war on western front, 236 officers and 8,511 other ranks. Of these, 28 officers and 278 other ranks died in captivity; 1 offâ€" cer and 99 other ranks escaped. Screen of a swelling patriot The copse is all astir + And echoes thy part! Now willowy reeds tune their flutes As the noise of the day dies And silence strings her lutes, The Whiteâ€"throat to crown O bird of the silver arrows o Shy poet of Canada dear, Thy notes prolong, prolong, Canada‘s field crops record, 1919, both in value of crops and acreage, was highest on record. Value exceedâ€" ed 1918 by $75,217,580, or 5 p.c., and 1917 by $308,517,517, or 21 p.c. Cannda‘s field crops yield, 1919, totalled over a billion bushels of grain and over 20,000,000 tons of hay and corn. We listen, we hearâ€" "Jâ€"loveâ€"dearâ€"Canada Canada, Canada." C’Mx is the world‘s chief producâ€" er of nickel, asbestos and molybdenite, Canadian Corps Pigeon Service employed 1,000 pigeons during the war. The Whiteâ€" Throat By OWEN STAPLES ~â€"Theodore H. Ra