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T «% Ing the couree of safety has boen furâ€"| ;,;::_a;o!:."\z: .!ic;";';"::n;':;mg; :’;fi nished by the patrol cutters of the * P United] States Coast Guard, according g::’g’r;o-.:h:hse(‘:i;:;" bxg?:‘:s:no:}::ediz: s y nab greeman 6 8 to infernationat sereement. [ trol is to broadcast information conâ€" The routes between the ports .of corning fog and ics to approaching western Europe asd those of the north vessels. Thereby the master of a Atlantic seaboard are traversed by a‘ steamship leaving & north Atlantic greater number of steamships than ply port has all the information necessary any other transocean route in th6 | 1o gecide upon a course that is safa, so world. _ The number of ste@MSRIDS | far ag iog and fog are concerned scaitered along the lanes at this seaâ€"| ‘Fhe o, which awirls sbout " Lo son averages between fifty and sixty R lnbar wike rnwrs £0ol n the «* any time, going and returning. At croppy waters of the north Atlantic, the present time the front of the ice t&kes various forms. The field of fHold Hew practically within canmon | l‘rozen sea water b"j”"‘k’ into huge shot of every one of them in passing | u.akus«â€".â€"the work of winter storms and t‘eo Grand Banks. h'xgh windsâ€"forming floo ico. Someâ€" l times the sharp friction of gale winds International Safeguard. |drives the floe against the coast, On April 14, 1912, the Titanic, O0®| crunching it into long windrows that of the biggest ships aftoat, crossed the | pile up fifty, sixty or even one hundred tail of the Grand Banks, When in a‘ feot high. In time the pack tce breaks | position of supposed safety she itmckf and floats into the area of Grand | an iceberg and joined the vessels that | Ranks, The broken masses of tho! constitute the greatest ocean &TAYeâ€"| pack, turreted and costellated in out. yard in existence. Other horrors had | line, are not espectally dangsrous to been shaping public sentiment; "““! navigation; they go to pleces quickly, of the Titanic was the climax. An in Stoamships which have struck them ternational convention at London in | how on have rarely suffored much the following year determined upon damage from the impact. an International patrol sorvice to cover tho danger srea,. and the American lceberg Menace. ‘ government was requestod to organize! â€" An fceberg is a different proposition. | and manage the patrol. By agreement | Iceborgs aro the products of Greenland } the expense of maintenance was divid-' glaciers; and most of the icebergs that ed among the signatory powers in proâ€"| float to Grand Banks are broken from | érifted from Baffin Bay close to the lanes whicl : by steamahips to and t portsâ€"or possibly that 1 bas intruded upon those r International Safeguard. On April 14, 1912, the Titanic, one " the biggest ships aftoat, crossed the ill of the Grand Banks, When in a Information from Arctic waters ro contly noted the presence of an fco barrier ome hundred milos in extent hovering in the vicinity of the Grand Banky, the great shkoal off the Newâ€" foundiand coast. The meaning of the dispatch becomes clearer by a stateâ€" ment that fee of vartions forms has érifted from Baffin Bay until it is close to the lanes which are traversed by steamships to and from British portsâ€"or possibly that the ico field has intruded upon those routas. ‘ thetic «he With The Ice Patrol In The North Atlantic By Samuel T. Dana, In the autumn of 1893, before lumâ€" boring operations started, perhaps five or six families were living on the site whaere two years later stood the busy town of Cross Fork, Pennsylvania. For some 14 years, Cross Fork led a feverish existence while the forest wealth was stripped from the surâ€" rounding hil‘s. ‘The HMfe of the town was, of course, the big sawmill, which tbad a daily capacity of 230,000 board foet and wes up to date in every reâ€" spect. In 1897 a stave mill was estabâ€" lished 2!so, and various other minor woodâ€"nsing industries existed at difâ€" ferent times. In its prime, Cross Forks had a population of 2,000 or more and was generally known as one Dr A Graphic Lesson in Forest Conservation | Town of Cross Fork, Pa. Ure 6 h OH . DOCTOR â€" DiD You HeA 5 L ABOUT JUDGE SucH 3 ROBE’;ERY? TY _ P . | \ Cl / BmR uym / 2 Easson Brown, of Toronto f the group of brill!ant young doctors, who are making im ontributions to medical re )r. Brown was the discoverer taylens as a genoral anacs FOREST‘S DEATH KILLS COMMUNITY AOGndvaBiisaenty esc PW mNi Ieirore. ie c Aime line, are not espectally dangerous to navigation; they go to pleces quickly, Stoamships which have struck them bow on have rarely suffered much damage from the impact. Icoberg Menace. An lceberg is a different proposition. Iceborgs are the products of Greenland glaciers; and most of the icebergs that float to Grand Banks are broken from |_At the present time two cutters, each stanch enough for any sort of Arctic service, are employed. Each vessel is on duty in the danger area [ two weeks at a time. The relief cutâ€" tor begins its service almost immed!â€" |ately on leaving port for the danger | area, collecting information from every lxms!blo wource. _ On reaching the | vicinity of Grand Banks search proâ€" | gresses all along the possible position | of the lco fleld as far south as the 43d | parallelâ€"that is, about as far south as the latitude of Portiandâ€"iIn orderl to find and report upon the position of ice, The experience of the past h:xs' shown that the lUmits of dangerous fce |__A normal man‘s heart beats 92,160 ‘times a day. portion to the aggregateo tonnage of their ships. Thus was born the most important safeguard to marine transâ€" portation ever put into service on the high seas. Asked to name some botanical terms he replied: "Please, sir, I know only twoâ€"aurora borealis and delirium treâ€" mens,." It happened that the first pupll; solected was a newâ€"comer who had atâ€" tended only two lectures. ' Botanical Terms. A certain teacher, proud of the way in which she had instructed her class in botany, told the examiner to call on any acholar and to ask whatever quesâ€" tion he pleased on the subject. Ing hills. As it is, Cross Fork is now a quiet lMitle hamlet, the merest shadâ€" ow of its former self and without hope for an induatrial and useful future unâ€" ti! the timber grows again. became so frequent that the insurance companies cancelled their policies. Fiveâ€"room frame houses with bath were offered for sale for from $35 to $35 without finding a buyer. In the ’wlnter of 191213 the stave mill also ceased operations, and the next fall railroad sorvice, which for some time had been limited to three trains a. woek, stopped altogether. Toâ€"day the total population consists of but 60 perâ€" sons. If it had not been for the State, which bought up the cutover lands and has undertaken in earnest the work of reconstruction, the town would be as desolate as the surroundâ€" But the prosperity of the town was as short lived as the timber supply. In the spring of 1909 the big sawmill shut down for good. From then on the population dwindled rapidly. . Fires U.S. Forest Service of the liveliest, most hustling places in the State. A branch line of the Bufâ€" falo and Susquebhanna Railroad was built to the town. Stores of all kinds flourished. There were seven hotels, four churches, a Y.M.C.A. with baths and gymnasiuin, a large, upâ€"toâ€"date high school, two systems of water works, and two electric light systems. . Furnished by the the glaclers whose fronts are in the ‘fjords of the west Greenland coastâ€" | as a matter of fact, most of them origâ€" | Inate in Disco Bay. The front of the 'g]ncier is pushed out into deep waterâ€" far enough so that the uplift of the | water breaks it off. Berg ice is the densest and most solid form in which |ico oxists, Tremeondous pressure has 5sqm-ezed the air out of it and has |given to It a resisting power that is ‘\not possessed by any other form of ico, A steamship ramming an Iceberg \drawing several hundred feet of water \has but little chance of escape if strikâ€" ing it under full speed. Not aven an fceâ€"breaker can withstand a collision ‘wflh such an object,. _ The Titanic crumpled and broke at the impact. ’ ‘ Reaches Grand Banks. | Floes and massos of pack Ice are | the first to appear within the area of | the Grand Banks, This ics may boe formed anywhere from Baffin Bay to the waters off the Labrador coast. Tho ‘ Ice field may break as early as the . latter part of Januaryâ€"usually by | Fobruary. It is over the banks in! March and April. It is quickly broken into sludge of the sort that fills the ferry slips after a winter cold wave. | The icebergs are in evidence in April, | Stamps specially printed to comâ€" memorate the anniversary of the Portugalâ€"Brazil flight last year have brought the Portuguet Government quite a good sum of money. The stamps were on sale in Lisbon for three days only, and wore eagerlyl bought by collectors. BY JACQUES W. REDWAY Limits of Arctic Ice Field. The area east and south of Newfoundland known as Grand Banks is approximately the area covered by the shifting limits of the Arctic ico field â€" the ico which drifts southward through Davis Strait in spring and early summer, In the opinion of many marine hydrographers, the great shoal bearing that name is the product of the icebergs themâ€" selves, which are carrying to the Banks yearly tons of bouldâ€" ers and gravel, estimated in milâ€" lions, from the Greenland glaâ€" clers. Certain it is that the iceâ€" bergs born of Greenland glaciers are dropping their loads of rock waste upon Grand Banks year in and year out. Small daughter â€" "Why, Emamma‘ they‘re all the feet I have!" Limited Supply. Mother (to small daughter)â€""You have your shoes on the wrong feet." NO FEAR OF THE BOLSHEVIST MOTH Britanniaâ€""This good old flag is mothâ€"proof." IN RABBNBOROQ P s y 4‘””” E(/fl . d f .â€"-‘.t.. S# “3.?."3_ 7( %fig‘ ie M)) ,a»--fi P nt 1A £G0rs Asl ! N8 /3 y P lt OH!_YOU ARE A CASE DOCTOR WHITEY !â€"â€"I PON‘T KNOW WHAT TO MAKE OF "YOW 1 * o oonncvaess |__The Labrador current carries theIg;::n;a:me?o b;:eaaifiit',n}i(;fe o;lz ice which constitutes the greatest menâ€" | ; j North determine the movements of ace to ocean travel and commerco, The | description here givon represents the ptola]r lca in transâ€"Atlantic traffic lanes; _ most recent information obtained by | 1“3 arey is bhordh upriaining the the Cosst adard pairol Wiiy floe and | character of weather conditions in the berg hover about the Banks is a ques . ;;:,l.ffr part, of fhe northern hebile: tlion which can be more correct! an-f swered foday then a rey yearsyugo. fs The Coast Guard is asking Uncle In the area roughly Iimited by the 43q | flam i ce o pnd eguip an observa. parallel on the south the wind drift | bon Mesigpit Gnck aniing beres y of the Gulf Stream checks a further | 1? l " "l aelt preeripie pasition foutherly drift of leo. Although in tnis | S520}°2: PDC TOGuest cortainly is rea. latitude the Guif Stream has lost 1ta”$? ;e. Te re?ulred for a bere own inertia of movement, its drltt}t m mal? thethani o protty wel d« possesses the inertia of strong andj elx]';nli’ned. o T onch sailing master constant â€" southerly winds, and the | v;; (be‘ op ooik oft If he knows force of these is sufficient to z)r‘t‘cezat“t ?‘numbor €1 nolee hn ds iisely io further progress of drifting fce; it supâ€" l‘h1~ C es §olng . af coming: and plies also the essentials which créate :h:lls::ds nrf passznv(gie:‘s, knowing fhat the woenld‘ cate y are safeguarded as never before, orld‘s greatest fog blanket, which | wili not be made unansy, £ \; | _ The Arctic Ocean is almost an in-! | olosed basin. Its widest outlet Hes beâ€"| tween Greenland and Europe. Thei ocean itself is comparatively smnll,i but its watersied embraces approx|â€" | | mately oneâ€"third of the land of the , ’northm-n hemisphere. The rivers ofi the great northern plains of the twol contineonts pour their waters into lt;’ _Still more, ico from the moisture of thel air, accumulating during the long Arc-‘ tic winter, melts and adds to the volâ€"; ume during the Arctic summer. East Greenland Current. The greator part of the accumulated waters is crowded against the Greenâ€" land coast and forms the East Greenâ€" land eurrent. This current, however,| does not discharge directly into the north Atlantic; most of it flows around the south of Greenland into Baffin Bay, |. There it joins local movements and l finally flows out through Davis Strait 4 as the Labrador current. $ One important fact has been fairly waell established. The amount of field ico floating through Davis Strait is directly in proportion to barometric presure in the region north and east of Hudson Bay, The groater the baroâ€" metric pressure the stronger nre the offshore winds which drive the field Ice away from tha whore and into open wator. May and June. They usually hover about the Banks until they melt, but occasionally thoy drift furthor south. A Pity. Flyâ€""What a pity to waste all that good sugar in home brew!" Better be silent than speak il1. ONTARIO ARCHIVEs TORONTO â€"From the Passing Show. on a passage to New York. The map |enabled the sailing master to stoor |the vessol away from a storm area. | The preparation of the daily weather | map is now & matter of vroutine on | many liners. Observation Station Needed. x A more important matter, and one Iwh!ch' affects humanity in general, ls‘ the necessity of Arctic weather staâ€" tions from which meteorological conâ€" ditions may be broadcast. Not only! does barometric pressure in the Far: iNonh determine the movements of | | polar loa in transâ€"Atlantic traffic lanes; l | it also is a factor in determining the . character of weather conditions in the | greater part of the northarn homigâ€" | | phere. | | _The Coast Guard is rsking Tincla The work of the Coast patrol bas suplied many noesds essential to the designation of courses of safoty, Inâ€" formations of fco and fog were the first warnings broadcast. It quickly becama evidenrt that storm warnings also could be sent out, B. C, Kadel, an official of the U.S8. Weathor Bureau, domonstrated tha value as well as the practicability of a dally weather map to the sailing master by making one also is the most serious menace to the world‘s chief traffic routo. Polar Waters on Surface. } IAeutenant Edward H. Smith, of the Coast Guard, notes the opinion hoereâ€" tofore held to the effect that in the latitude of the Banks, the waters ot[ Arctic currents dive below the surface and continue as undercurrents. Lieuâ€"| tenant Bmith finds that, in general,| this is not the case. On the contrary,| the evidence gatherod by the patrol | shows that the tendency of polar | waters is to spread out upon the surâ€" ; face. I ‘G@imming control switch, ihis situa M Th;?e drivers overlools the dapger! tion reguires a driver to constantl: I'fl wdlqh the},l" p!nce their own lives." lean forward in order to turn th . a driver who is ap‘pronchmg * ©Ar/switch, and detracts his attention with the lights blinding him so that hat 1 hisâ€" drivi Whe he cannot see where he is going ho AQDCWNAL {tom mMs driving. .. gong . driving in the country where dimme may turn to the right, turn turtle in lights are most important the car a ditch and either be killed or infured. | dBot uve met in the mrht 1 ap On the other hand this driver ma n o Oe e 2l ~oh int ns hnot aP A Y to be so numerous but that the cour turn to the left and crash into the im approaching machine, with serious reâ€" te::rd o:ddllmmufg -lighh_a (‘:nn 'be' pr:c sults to all concerned. ; ti thout serious inconvenience. Ga% 5 USING BRIGHT LiGHTS. AVTO B LIGHTING SYSTEM. ‘ Driving at night in the city is ar The electric lighting system of an entirely diÂ¥ferent proposition. _ Here automobile is generally of the form the street lamps and the elcctric lamps in which the current is obtained from and electric signs usually give suffi a battery which is kept charged by a cient illumination so that the driver generator. The main lights of a sysâ€" does not need any lights on his car. tem are two large white lights in Of course, to comply with the law he front which are supposed to deflect must keep his dimmed lights on or use the beams of light to the ground. The side lights if his car is equipped with theory is that a strong beam of lights them. No capable driver will use his will be thrown on the road ahead but bright lights except on a country will not reach the height of the cyes highway. of the driver of another car or oven _ Lights should be turned on oneâ€"half of a pedestrian who may be walking hour after sundown. During the first along the highway. |hour after this time the lights are umentes on â€"ommermemencemeve mc commenemsepen en omemere un saveccomes ) !usua!ly valueless. Care should be exâ€" | ercised nevertheless to turn on the a | dimmed lights. This twilight period is a n lC | the worst time of the day for driving, for it is too light for the lamps to be of much use and too dark to see the road ahead clearly. l In regard to lights, motorists are divided into two classesâ€"the considâ€" erate and the inconsiderate. The inâ€" considerate think it too much trouble to be constantly dimming their lights as they meet other machines on the road. chine out on the road after dark his head lights display the highway ahead. They help him to find his way without difficulty. They should not hinder other motorists from finding their way. Unfortunately, this latter conâ€" dition does not always obtain. does not have to let his imagination run far to picture the chaos that would ensue if care were not equipped with head lights. MOTOR LIGHTS ACT As Head lights are not placed on an automobile as an ornament. They serve a very practical purpose. One tss $ § PA f e 4J i=\ l" ‘ \AUVItt® % [ A Pyz an auto owner takes his maâ€" WELL â€" WH§ ELL â€" WH A HusaAmfi Reforming an Abuse The Copâ€""Hey! You ain‘ to throw bottles at the umpir The Fanâ€""No#" The Copâ€"â€""No. You mig one on his dome an‘ they cos Roturn ‘em to the boy an‘ g. brick in exchange." "Mummy, what‘s the palsy ?" "Oh, it‘s & disoase, darling, that makes you shake all the time," "No wonder the poor man was sick of it!‘ ‘ A spotlight, although against the law in some parts, has its good points in night driving in the country. lt.s‘ beams can be thrown ahead of the regular headlight beams, giving just the additional distance of illumination on the road to permit driving safely |at a fair rate of speed. When meetâ€" | ing a car the headlight can be dimmed | and the spotlight thrown to the right 'to illuminate the ditch on that side. | In heavy traffc the tail light of |the car ahead is a good guide to the road. For a car behind enother to | put on heavy lights makes it difficult | for the driver of the car ahead. Lights that can be tilted down close to the | machine are very saiisfactory, espeâ€" ‘cially in heavy traffic. EHAPRBITE P* C U0C0I00 against glaring lights is a shield of opaque or translucent material placed in the leftâ€"hand corner of the wind thield, behind which the blinded driver may hide his eves, But better than this would be more thoughtfulâ€" ness and courtesy by drivers on the country roads at night. l In going around a corner or up a hill headlights are sure to throw a glare in the cyes of the drivers going in the opposite direction. Special care should be exercised in such places. The most effective protection collc, eey â€" ie _ _ One reason why some drivers do ‘not dim their lights when mecting cars is because of the number of cars on the road and the location of the ldimming control switch, This situaâ€" | tion requires a driver to constantly \lean forward in order to turn the ‘switech, and detracts his attention somewhat from his driving. When driving in the country where dimmed lights are most important the cars that are met in the night are not apt to be so numerous but that the courâ€" tesy of dimming lights can be pracâ€" ticed without serious inconvenience. 1 USING BRIGHT LiGHTS. Driving at night in the city is an entirely different proposition. Here) the street lamps and the elcctric lamps| and electric signs usually give suffiâ€" cient illumination so that the driver does not need any lights on his car. Of course, to comply with the law he must keep his dimmed lights on or use side lights if his car is equipped with them. No capable driver will use his} bright lights except on a country‘ highway. ' Lights should be turned on oneâ€"half! | Another light in the system is the red tail light. Through an attachment ‘ to the clutch or brake pedal it is posâ€" sible to throw the word "Stop" on an |extra tail light which in the night \gives the warning to those following ‘ that the car is slowing down. Some }cars are also equipped with two extra ‘ white side lights in front for use in city driving, where the regular large ‘lights are not necded. ‘RAOAQ“. While lenses may accomplish this desirable resvit if the bulb is focused properly, the vibration of a car may jar the light out of focus on some cars or the light may be focused wrong by an inexperienced or an inâ€" competent driver. laring lights is a shield of ‘ translucent material placed ftâ€"hand corner of the wind Sick of the Paisy, Â¥1 _ You ain‘t allowed f‘,t, the umpire," might break cost money. t‘ get half a __John was the son of parents who were sufficiently popular | to receiye more invitations than they could con veniently accept, In the course of a general knowledse lesson, the master asked: "Can any boy tell me the meaning of the lettors RS&V.Pp.;» John‘s hand shot up. "Well?" said the master, "It means," explained John, "rush }n..'lhh hands, and venish pleasant» w That city was London, Ontari you know what contribution you: community is making | toward Canadian section of the world‘s I mosaic,â€"Boctal Bervice Counc Canada, j °P °0+ "Vu neipeq ihem to dey | the habit of conforming to these, | | established five Wel Baby Clinics : | which babies report weekly 10 weighed and meesured and exami generally, whilo the mother and : burse in charge discuss diet and cl ing and temporatures and ventilarin, and other kindred matters. ‘The bab: gots every posstble chance to b. bealthy and happy and wellâ€"trained But if the nurse fAnds that he show signs of departing from the straip and narrow road that leads to a lit, health, off he #oes to the Sick 1:a> Clinic, where he is put under the can of a physician, â€" Last year the fou; trained workers in tho baby ~clinics reached one quarter of the childr under five years of age in that ci( and made 5,327 visits to the homes 0: children under supervision, _ _And the city has reason to be proud of its experiment and of the establishâ€" ment of this new public utility. The education of the citizens thus being promoted has resulted in the infant mortality rate being cut in halft within three years, Here are tie Agrres 1 1919 the death rate among infants was 116.7 per 1000 live births ; in 1920, 104 Per 1000 live births; in 1921, 80.7 per 1000 live births; in 1922, €5.5 per 1009 live births. expectant mothers were taup simple lawe of tealti and p« hygiene, and helped them to a Have you noticed that little sq that a Canadian city has contriby: Solid as any in the whoe! pattern hope. It is a city that is building health of its people on the founda of a vigorous infancy. _ Only a years ago its record was a little than moderately good. In 1919, to, stance, it lost 116.7 infanis under year of ago out of every thou:s babies born. That is to say more : one out of every ten died before pleting the twelfth month of life, city had, by 1919, begun to waken however, and 1t did a number of thi without delay, Of course It bega; forming an association,. It also aside an office for the work of tha sociation. And then it took hold of infant mortality problem. 1t »« lished a weekly proâ€"natal clinic wh the yearly almanac and buys up of them because he‘s sure ho ha the symptoms they describe; the a Montevidean lady sitting at 1 wrapped in an uncom{ortable com tion of furs and hot water bottle: causo she thinks artificiai hoat h; injurious; there again is an In medicine man creating an in« noise for the purpose of aqauieting ; lirious patient. From all corner the world contributions are mad this interesting pattern. Parts of mosaic have crumbled, othors a» glnning to show signs of wear: every now and then a marvellon: plece is added. You have seen them in Italy, course; old imosaics chipped a broken and crumbling and picturesq with here and there a group of lit squares and hexagons that have wi stood the ravages of time and the « ments, fascinating the travellor all : more because of the decay and imp fection of the broken tesserae about ‘"Here‘s a perfect bit," you say; a you stand wondering at its heay Why did it outlast the rest of 1 mosaic? Better material? â€" Bet: workmanship? _ Both perhaps. . A your mind goas travelling inquiring back over the centuries and loses self in a maze of vague wondering. You‘ve looked at mosales eIsewho tooâ€"and laughed at them, no dos There‘s that odd mosaic of health | liefs, for instance, that is so fascin ing. Here is a person who reads ; the patent medicine advertisemen: Phone Without a Mouthplece, A telephone without a mouthpiecce termed a laryngaphone, has been in vented in England. The sounds are transmitted from the larynx as shown in the picture. i ic ave Po: .1 % ;;;“.:; ";;' :A *‘& s Â¥]2 fls ‘ n Rrak en mss in 36. s John‘s Verstan ent and of the establish new public utility. Th« the citizens thus being B resulted in the in(a~ ) being cut in halt with n Here are tie Agrres: in i rate among infants was ) live births ; in 19°0 104 London. Ontario, 1»)) of ine world‘s healt Bervice Council < [th month of life 9, begun to wak did a number of : Of course it beg .O8BRICS. #T d1 t] Qu M du ope 119 d« in Nov 11 Â¥,e year 192 gaged in t which a tot vested . T ment to a t ceived in w of $4.081.06 total Canad that year s Of the total in Quebe toba, 4 Columbia The pr du i W The leather industry somes within the thirty 1 Srie‘ activities of the D it ithe Dandelions Outw t 64 t} 1 t ir il of 4 Industry 11 Uri Mower Mn