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Te t it i <co ‘ at m Yet the to Cover crops in an orchard are an essential part of good orchard pracâ€" tice. As the mainternance of humus or organic matter in the soil is necessary to retain proper physical condition, and as manure is becoming more difaâ€" cult t3 obtain, and can be used probabâ€" ly to better advantage on other parts of the farm, cover crops fill a very useâ€" ful purpose in this direction alone. Crops that will make a good growth serve to increase the humus in the soil, but by selecting a leguminous crop such as clover, vetch or pea, not only may humus be added, but also it may \ hbe thoroughly protected. The y should be applied under a presâ€" sire of 125 to 200 pounds. At least four applications are necessary durâ€" # the season, but five or even six vill usually be found preferable. Parâ€" ticular attention should be given to the later applications. If these are nozlocted or are carelessly applied a late attack of late blight may cause more damage than if no spraying had been done. In the later sprays the} proportion of copper sulphate shouldi be increased, using the formula 6â€"4â€"40.| That is, add six gallons of the stock| solution of bluestone instead of four, and 30 gallons of water instead of 32. | Bordeaux mixture will also control, early blight and tipburn, and will act! as a repellant for the potato flea, beetle.â€"â€"J. R. MacCurry, Plant Pathâ€"| o oqmemnous on( oo s :Jr!;)n ‘C\hr-\_ s ,'i.‘:._ ue F‘\r\\nflr\nl TQ FULNXESS OF COVER CROPS nce spraying about the midâ€" ly and repeat every two weeks ut the season. _ When the re small 60 gallons per acre ufficient. This amount should ised as the plants grow larger. ayer should be equipped with zzles to each row,â€"two side pointing slightly upward and ting downwardâ€"so that both id lower surfaces of the leaves oliage may not be Injured «s of bluestone. A testing ay be prepared by dissolvâ€" { ounce of potassium ferroâ€" oneâ€"half pint of water. This _ a poison. Sprinkle a few is reâ€"agent onto the surface y mixture, and, if on strikâ€" face of the solution, a disâ€" n color results more lime idded to each 40 gallons of »r the control of potato adding water. Mix thorâ€" continue to add water until ontains 40 gallons. to keep out dirt and preâ€" ation, the barrels containâ€" k solutions should be kept ) make up a tank of spray se, transfer four gallons «olution of bluestone into ink and add 32 gallons of this dilute solution add 4 ic lime stock solution. This oured through a fine mesh remove all solid particles, ogging of the nozzles will e solution in the® tank kept thoroughly agitated 1e is being added. The tank s 40 gallons of Bordeaux e directions are carefully resulting solution will in the proper proportions and lime, but since the f lime often varies it is test the mixture in order age may not be injured of bluestone. A testing \TOES FOR LATE HT is the most deâ€" otatoes and in mendous losses. the factories in manufactured, the tubers proâ€" hould these facâ€" . any way the be reduced: In ht, loss results g of the leaves lwre of the tubâ€" OF etal vesseis indling@ this in ated that to use is re, of the nvenient ire is by solutions h gallor tain orte NT FANly ish the t1 given n for and These This Ap ind 10 This year to date, compared with the same period last year, sales of live | stock have totalled at the five prinâ€" ‘cipal markets as follows: cattle, 307,â€" |228, against 256,671; calves, 115,220, against 126,493; hogs, 502,429, against |392.474; sheep, 87,725, against 100,â€" | 209. It will be noticed that there has \been an increased ‘sale of cattle this | year compared with last year of 50,â€" ! 557 and of hogs of 109,955, and a deâ€" | crease sale of 11,273 calves and 12,484 | sheep. This situation it will be found | is reflected in the prices, hogs in parâ€" | ticular baving gone down. _ Billed | through, this year compared with last | year, there have been 68,153 cattle | against 51,085; 353 calves against | 335:; 78,633 hogs against 26,886, and | 17.645 sheep against 21,213; an inâ€" | crease of 17,068 cattle and 51,747 hogs | and a decrease of 2 calves and 3,568 ' The fire loss in the United States last year due to matches and smoking ! amouneed to $25,992,000, against $16,â€" | 435,000 in 1918. The insurance men | are inclined to believe that the big inâ€" | crease in women smokers may have | caused this terrific increase in the fire be possible to increase the nitrogen content of the soil, thus obtaining a twoâ€"fold advantage from the cover crop. In the colder part of the country, where well ripened wood of the tree is necessary to ensure a chance of proper wintering, it is considered necâ€" essary to utilize a cover crop in conâ€" junetion with the clean cultivation system. For this purpose the crop is sown about June 30th, allowed to grow all sammer and fall, and plowed under the following spring. The cover crop will thus draw upon the soil for moisâ€" ture and food at a time when the tree should be ripening its wood, and will also serve as a means for holding snow, thus assisting in protecting the roots of the trees from severe conâ€" ditions. The use of cover crops in connection with bush fruit plantations has not been developed.to any appreciable exâ€" tent, but with the growing searcity of manure there seems to be no reason why a combination of fertilizers and cover crops could not be adopted as good practice on areas‘ where raspâ€" berries, currants, and gooseberries are being grown at proper distances. Such a combination offers many advantages, where cost of regularly applying maâ€" nure is becoming prohibitive. Following are some of the more important crops used for this purpose: Leguminous: red clover, crimson cloâ€" ver, summer vetch, field pea; nonâ€" leguminous: buckwheat, rape. Prices on spring lambs, opened strong in May when few were offered, but as supplies increased, quotations became lower. The top at Toronto was $20 compared with $19 in May, 1922, and $17 in the immediate April. Montreal high was $18 against $20 in May, 1922, and $12.25 in April this year, and Winnipeg top, $13.50 against $16.50 last year and $13.25 in April. o Exports of cattle, calves and sheep have been larger this year than last. From January 1 to May 31, 19,956 catâ€" tle were exported to Great Britain ard 21,874 to the United States, compared with 3,563 and 9,8355 respectively durâ€" ing the corresponding period last year. Export of meat this year up to the end of May was 9,888,000 lbs., against 7,150,400 during the same period last year. Bacon and pork exports were also larger. Although extreme top prices for catâ€" tle were rather lower at the principal markets in Canada during the month of May than in the corresponding month last year, as shown by the Doâ€" minion Live Stockâ€" Branch reports, there was an encouraging improveâ€" tnere was an encouraging improveâ€" ment over the condition of affairs in the preceding month. An extract from the report reads: "Despite the comâ€" paratively heavy weight of receipts, the quality of the butcher and export stock was of such a good character, and the demand for good stock so keen that the range of prices was increased by 50¢ to $1.25 per hundredweight. In the West there was a weaker tone at the close, whilst heavy cattle were inâ€" clined to drag, but in the last, good quality stock held reasonably stcady. There was a continued strong demand for good quality stock suitable for finishing for the British market and the domestic beef trade, in view of the steady increase in the movement to seaboard. Short keep feeders appearâ€" ed to be very popular with eastern farmers, who paid as high as $7.75 and generally $7 per hundred." Relative to hogs, the report says that receipts and through billing show an increase to date this year of 150,000 over the same period in 1922. ‘rhe supply was considered heavy for May, with the export bacon market showing considerable price reduction on acâ€" count of heavy Danish killings, and consequent difficulty in clearing. crease and a sheep. Live Stock Market Situation. Movements of Live Stock. | Those old, old apple trees you saw along the road in your neighbor‘s | orchard which his grandfather planted so long ago; did you ever stop and examine them? Did you notice how | the southern and western sides of trunks were decayed, gnarled and of an unheaithy color, while the northern and eastern sides were comparatively good? If the trunks of those trees , had been protected from the sun these ‘ past years they would be sound toâ€"day. The Growing of O.P.V. Silage. If mixed farming is to be follov«re(li in Northern Ontario, and the keeping of live stock to build up the fertility of the soil a cheap and succulent feed must be available to bring them through the winter. Up to the present time it has been found at the Kapusâ€" kasing Experimental Station that O. I. V. is one of the best feeds for this purpose, although greater tonnage has been obtained from sunflowers, and at a much less cost of production. The O.P.V. has its advantages over sunâ€" flowers, as it can be sown at a much later date, requires no intertilling, is a much more satisfactory crop to handle under field conditions, can be cat by the binder and the blower will handle the full size sheaf from the wagon, where it can be fed to the blowâ€" er as fast as it can be taken care of. When it is cut at the proper stage for silage purposes it makes a very sucâ€" culent feed and is readily caten by stock of all kinds. When the oats are at the dough stage, and the peas well formed, is the proper time to cut and ensile, right from the binder if possible. It has been fourd that when shrinkâ€"| age takes place there is overâ€"fermenâ€" tation in the silo, with resultant musty silage. At the Station it is usual to keep a light stream of water in the bloWer and excellent results have alâ€". ways been obtained, but care must be exercised as too much water will cause injury. 0. P. V. generally grows very rank under favorable conditions,‘ and smothers weeds of any kind; and early fall plowing gan be carried on when the crop is removed, which is a great advantage in the north owing, to the short season in which to do the work. Every advantage must be taken | of silage crops that maturs in time, for fall plowing to be done, and O. P.| V. has the advantage over both corn| and sunflowers in this respoct. | Nature did not intend the trunks of those trees to be in such a deplorable condition at the age they are. Nature caused the limbs of the trees to spread down and out so the foliage would shade that portion of the tree. Grandâ€" father, through necessity, pruned those protective limbs away so he might plow closer to the tree. Then the trunk, without any protection from the sun, felt the first stages of decay set in. O. P. V. will grow to maturity in from 90 to 100 days under good growâ€" ing conditions. As sunflowers and corn take a much longer period to fully maâ€" ture, the harvesting and silo work is extended into really cold and unpleasâ€" ant weather; and where fall plowing is as essential as it is in this region this is a big handicap. The clay soil is much easier to work when fall plowâ€" ing is done, and it also means earlier seeding, which is equally essential where such a short growing season obâ€" tains for the cereals which follow a hoed crop. This crop can be highly recommended for the settlers of the clay belt. Where they have no silo it can be cured as hay, makes good feed for live stock and will bring them through the winter in good shape. The sun seared the tender bark of the tree trunk. The sap, flowing just beneath, was checked on its journey to the leaves. The bark began to peel, crack and check into furrows where dampness held. These damp furrows furnished a culture place for the spores of one or more kinds of fungi which came quickly and began to send their "roots" into the tree to rob it of Spare the Whitewash and Spoil the Tree ResiAm CALcRSs BY J. B. MeFARLAND. The water supply should be fresh and clean, and the vessels kept in the coolest possible place. The white of the egg contains 80 per cent. water, and the yolk 52 per cent., hence the necessity of water. Summer feeding must not be so heavy as winter feeding. A grain raâ€" tion of two parts each (by measure) of wheat and oats and one part of corn will keep the fowls more comfortable than when more corn is used. A sole diet of corn is injurious, for corn is heating and too fattening. It is an ideal winter grain, but must be used with caution during the summer. Mashes should be made of two parts by weight wheat bran and one part each of wheat middlings, cornmeal, ground oats and meat scrap. Feeding the mashes dry instead of moist is preferable, especially during the sumâ€" mer. There are two reasons: the fowls can eat at will, and there is no danger of the mash souring, which would be the case with moist mash left over. Besides, I do not think fowls will so quickly overfatten on a dry mash as they will on a wet one. Green food is an important item in the bill of fare. Where fowls are conâ€" fined to runs, green food, such as lawn clippings, vegetable tops, weeds, cabâ€" bages or sprouted oats, should be fed. I have noticed that at no time of the day do fowls seem to enjoy green food so well as in the morning, and it then seems to do them the most good. § Milk is an excellent summer food. No matter in what formâ€" buttermilk, skimmilk or sour milkâ€"it is always relished by the fowls. Some poultryâ€" men give milk as a drink, while others use it for mixing the mashes. Best results, I believe, are obtained when they can have it as a drink, as in that way they get more of it. Storing eggs in cellars is not adâ€" visable unless there is good ventilation, for it is important that the air be pure and free from bad odors. Even when trapnests are not used, visits are made every two hours to the nests so the eggs may be gathered beâ€" fore much heat has been imparted to them by the hens. Care, too, is taken that they are kept in a sweet, dry atmosphere, that they may not become contaminated by bad odorsâ€"which eggs quickly abgorb. I onee had a dozen eggs in a paper bag standing overnight a foot away from a pound of tarâ€"camphor balls also in a paper bag. The next day the camphor flavor was so strong in the eggs that they could not be used. The weed that is killed before it sees daylight helps make the harvest. sap and destroy those cells functioning as sap conveyers. These destroyed cells formed a place where a moth depositâ€" ed a nest of eggs. The mother moth new that when the larvae hatched the healthy cells adjoining would furnish a continuous meal for the larvae. There are many ways to protect the trunk and unshaded limbs of a tree. Nature does it with foliage, but when grandfather cut those limbs away to facilitate cultivation Nature was deâ€" feated. If grandfather had applied whitewash or had taken paper, cornâ€" stalks or an old sack and wrapped it around the trunks, those trees would now be strong, healthy and vigorous. More and more orchardists are usâ€" ing whitewash as a protection for their trees against sunburn and insect enemies. Whitewash has many merits to recommend itâ€"its inexpensiveness, ease of application to any desgired part of the tree and its value as an unâ€" natural surface which insects abhor. Then, too, a whitewashed tree is cooler than one without a white coverâ€" ing. The sun‘s rays are reflected and not absorbed as in the case of a darker surface. One authority says that there is a difference of at least a@Roulin? THE BEST PROTECTION Lesson SETTINGâ€"This week we Matthew are there. So also are the study the life and character of Matâ€" new friends of Matthew there. See thew. In the Gosfih' of Mark and the rare courage of Matthew. He holds Luke he is called Levi. This is acâ€" this feast to introduce his new Master counted for by the fact that the Galiâ€" to his old companions. Matthew‘s sense leans had often a strictly J ewish name of loyalty to his friends compelled him &‘Lew) and a Galilean name (Matâ€" to brin%{to them the best he had to ew). \bring. His sense of loyalty to his new I. MATTHEW, THE DESPISED PUBLICAN, M:l:arhti‘omreilleg l‘:i,m to sgov;{fplli':llg $ MATT. 9:94. . wha s friends lfil and life ha V. Qa. As Jesus passed . . . from been in the past. He makes w clean hence. Jesus had been in Capernaum, b'?h:k ‘“: ‘;};‘Y break with 5"“ past. where he had healed the paralytic W d n the is "“"l:' saiw. ‘i')sf‘sh?' borne of four friends. In the course UNCCT CODS mt observation by MS of ‘this miracle he had rebuked the @hemies and they lose no opportunity scribes and Pharisees in fearless fu. Of accusing him when he makes what shion. From this time onward the they think is a false step. They said scribes lost no opportunity of accusing "‘:‘“ h"d disciples; ml:“.“‘ 4 loe l““"‘: Jesus wherever they thought they saw them an undermine their loyalty t an opportunity. Saw a man, named J°8US: They that be whole, A ,phy:[" Matthew. Secing men waswith Jesus C‘an cannot choose his company. He more than a physical and mental acâ€" must go where the sick are. Jesus is tion. It was a spiritual estimate, an 4 physician of souls. He must go unerring moral judgment. Sitting in where needy souls are. Lceorn what the place of toll (Rev. Ver.). The Roâ€" that meaneth . . mercg. and not sacm» man government did not collect taxes fice. Jesus not only defends himself, directly. Wealthy capitalists under. PUt attacks, What the Pharisees were took to raise the revenue from the dif. E!Ving to God was only the mere outâ€" ferent provinces and districts,. Whatâ€" ward forms of religion, mere religiâ€" ever they raised over and above the osity. What God demands is the sp.n!l sum of money that they undertook to Of Mercy that should prompt all reliâ€" pay to the Roman government for this gious service. privilege, was their own. It is easy APPLICATION. to understand how this system put a _ 1. A Man with a Dangerows Calling. premium on dishonesty and extortion. When he became a publican, Matthew The men employed by these capitalists threw in his lot with men who were to do the actual_gathermg of taxes far removed from the highor infuâ€" were called Publicans. All over the ences of life, He took up a calling empire there was a bitter cry against which had few, if any, refining possiâ€" greed and unscrupulousness of these bilities and which made worthy living agents. North of the Sea of Galilee difficult. Vocations do affect charâ€" there was a great rogd leading from acter. Every vocation has its own atâ€" Damascus to the Mediterranean coast. mosphere, and it exercises a definite At the point where the road passed influence upon those who breathe it. from the territory of Philip the tetâ€" There are callings which exalt men rarch to that of Herod Antipas, there and increase their selfâ€"respect. There | was a customs house where goods were are vocations which degrade mon, and examined and duty collected. Matthew can only be followed at grave spiritual was probably at work here. peril. Matthew had chosen a calling II. mattHeEw, Tu® cHoSsEN piscipue, Which tended to dwarf the higher atâ€" MATT. 9:9r. tributes of the soul and to develop : | _V. 9b. He saith unto him, Follow me, "°X"°CINE lust for money. It was strange that Jesus should call 2. /: 1'-\{'»"/‘1"("\;'.,&“}'&“' B(,‘Cff}‘.“"h," e humble fishermen to be his disciples,â€" a‘ PC “?.“’ P : ies patatey 1 James, John, Andrew and ‘ Simon &ANC "* l 8® religion was concerned Peter. It was stranger still that he What possible ’,'."‘.“"“fit could a pub should call one who, as a taxgatherer, 1,/'?3"?}‘!‘8"9 ":‘ 5"‘;“‘1“"." l]j‘k" SA e T belonged to a class that the people #8°CAOUS N2 definitely cut himself thought of as belonging to the same off from the patriotic and rgh‘:xpix» order as "heathen ASe8SsINS, Fobbers." Jews who hated Roman domination He never dealt 'wit.h‘ c men: by their The publicans were given a wide bert} massiheation, but by their individual U" the}1 fellow fountramien ) [. ) . echaracter. It was always the indiâ€" Man Waiting to he Called vidual that he "saw" as lhe passed hv_‘W}_\en Jesus called Matthew, how It was always the individual that he qm_r,-tlidy Pe rfi‘,“zm,]dfd', ”";' ha,d, beei called. He arose, and followed, Luke waiting for that very call, It may havi says, "He forsook all, and rose up and heefi thtat dhe\hhad tf’ft"';'l ho""d) ]"\'f‘: |followed him." His reason was like :liir'e SO?O s'an-\; aceri.\;‘qzx ‘tx!“,~()‘i; |that of the Galilean fishermenrâ€"withâ€" word fad gone right to his heart. He {‘out question, without reserve, without . ." 6 K wad P i delay. It is not difficult to assume is ]r;mre than ready to obey when Jesu: that there had been some previous pre-‘ca“s‘ Maithew‘s Oratimnd d J {paration in the heart of Matthew. i peneone enmalthide is havaly the 0V IMathew may have henrd of Jesus.;‘Perhaps gratitude is hardly the wor iThe message of Jesus was always for| :2 e:p;'es's. ?‘f‘uh(‘t“i 4. feel]ngfi“ Th("" | the outcast and the despised. As Mar. MUS* NAYS, NCCN 5 pasi an eloment o | A glad surprise that Christ should choos \thew listened, he would hear the new 7 ; i o | : himâ€"the man who had forfeited th Inote of sympathy in strange contrast Tight 4o be called a s f AIsracl 1 to the note of scorn in the words of US ‘Hhoaey * papink maw o t Ithe scribe and Pharisee |was a new sensation. He gained hi ‘ * |gelfâ€"respect and passed over from th III. MATTHEW, THE BRAVE MISSIONARY, receipt of custom. _ Soon after, h | 10â€"13. tshowed his rratitude and newâ€"foun« The Sunday School Lesson ’N Matthew the Publican, Matthew 9: 9â€"13; Luke 5: 27â€"32. Golden Textâ€"I came not to call the righteous, but sinners.â€"Luke 5:; 32. V. Jesus sat at meat. Luke Puts it, "Levi made him a great feast." The home of Matthew is opened to. Jesus as well as his heart. Many publicans and sinners came. Note how "publicans" and "sinners" are used as if they deâ€" scribed persons of the same moral standing. Sat down with him and his disciples. All the old companions of Whitewash formulas and recipes are numerous, each locality having one or more considered standard because of its proved worth. It is not the object of this article to dissuade any person from using what they consider a good whitewash. There have been numgrâ€" ous objections made to the slaked lime whitewash because of its disinclination to stick for any length of time to a smooth surface and because of the labor and care needed in its preâ€" paration. ’ . dunge 1 qi ies h it Cl P chobestuietit Of the many recipes tried for makâ€" ing a good whitewash the followin‘t has proved the best for one orchardâ€" ist who washes more than 5,000 trees each year: Carpenter‘s glueâ€"dry chip glue; outside wh‘te coldâ€"water paint; lead arsenate; bluing. To one and a half gallons of water add a generous handful of the glue. Put on the fire and heat until the glue is dissolved; stir occasionally to keep the glue from sticking to the recepâ€" tacle. Set to one side and allow to cool. Take three quarts of the dry coldâ€" water paint and add a heaping tableâ€" spoonful of powdered arsenate and mix the two thoroughly, Now pour clear water ihto the dry powder very slowly and mix thoroughly until the mixture is the consistency of thin baiâ€" terâ€"cake dough. The whole secre: of this whitewash is to add the water slowly and mix thoroughly until every particle of the powder has Gen disâ€" solved. 10 degrees. Extreme heat is depressâ€" ing to growth. Now add seven or eight tab‘lespoounâ€" {uls of the clue which has bScen reâ€" heated back to its water thinness, stit eriskly for a half minute and »dd the c:;aivalent of a half ball of bail bluing which has been dissolved in water. The whitewash should now be tested with a soft clean brush, a regulation paint brush is preferred. If the mixture flows and leaves a coating very similar to a good oil paint it is ready for apâ€" plication. _ The reason the lead arsenate was added to this mixture was be:ause of the hundreds of insects that dislike a THE break and a clear break with his past. When the Pharisees saw. Jesus is under constant observation by his enemies and they lose no opportunity of accusing him when he makes what: they think is a false step. They said! unrto his disciples; seeking to taunt, them and undermine their loyalty to Jesus. They that be whole. A physiâ€" cian cannot choose his company. He must go where the sick are. Jesus is a physician of souls. He must go where needy souls are. Leorn what that meaneth . . mercy, and not sacriâ€" fice. Jesus not only gefends himself, but attacks. What the Pharisees were giving to God was only the mere outâ€" ward forms of religion, mere religiâ€" osity. What God demands is the spirit of mercy that should prompt all reliâ€" | whitewashed tree there are two insect |larvae in particular to which a whiteâ€" | washed tree means nothing in their | young lives. The baby flatâ€"hearded ‘appleâ€"tree borer and the similar apâ€" ‘pearing oak tree girdler are the two. ‘The orchardist who has used the whitewash formula just noted has ifound that the addition of lead arsenâ€" ‘ate has reduced the invasion oi the ‘borers more than 90 per cent. \ In applying whitewash it is recomâ€" ‘mended that the mixture be spread an ‘inch or two below the surface of the §soil. This may require the use of a hoe, but it will be well worth the effort ‘in that those insects hatching at this !location are guarded against. 1. A Man with a Dangerons Calling. When he became a publicar, Matthew threw in his lot with men who were far removed from the highor influâ€" ences of life, He took up a calling which had few, if any, refining possiâ€" bilities and which made worthy living difficult. Vocations do affect charâ€" acter. Every vocation has its own atâ€" mosphere, and it exercises a definite influence upon those who breathe it. There are callings which exalt men and increase their selfâ€"respect. There are vocations which degrade mon, and can only be followed at grave spiritual peril. Matthew had chosen a calling@ which tended to dwarf the higher atâ€" tributes of the soul and to develop a narrowing lust for money,. 2. A Neglected Man, Because he was a publican, Matthew would be left alone as far as religion was concerned. What possible interest could a pubâ€" lican have in religion? Like Matthew, Zacchaeus had definitely cut himself off from the patriotic and religious Jews who hated Roman domination. The publicans were given a wide berth by their fellowâ€"countrymen. 3. A Man Waiting to be Called. When Jesus called Matthew, how quickly he responded. He had been waiting for that very call. It may have been that he had often heard Jesus, as he stood shamefacedly on the outâ€" skirts of a crowd, and the. Master‘s words had gone right to his heart. He is ])‘nore than ready to obey when Jesus calls. 4. Maithew‘s Gratitude and Joy. Perhaps gratitude is hardly the word to express Matthow‘s feelings. There must have been at least an element of glad surprise that Christ shou‘ld choose himâ€"the man who had forfeited the right to be called a son of Israel. It was a new sensation. He gained his selfâ€"respect and passed over from the receipt of custom. _ Soon sfter, he showed his gratitude and newâ€"found joy in a very practical manner. He prepared a feast to which were invited many of his old friends to meet Jesus. It must have been a sort of public acknowledgment of his discipleship. Then it sprang out of a double sense of loyalty. He was loyal to the men whose calling he had shared. He wantâ€" ed to put them in touch with Jesus, An experiment is reported by the Dominion Animal Husbandman to deâ€" termine if water kept before the pigs at all times in addition to the regular ration of meal and milk is instrumentâ€" al in the production of increased gains. Two lots of five Yorkshires each were‘ used. Both were fed a meal ration consisting of one part each shorts, middlings, corn and oats, and five per. cent. tankage. Lot No. 1 had water, before it continually. In addition both lots had buttermilk. The experiment covered sixty days. The pigs in lot 1 made an average gain each of 99.4 lbs. during the period and the pigs in Lot No. 2 an average gain each of 79 lbs. The fact, says the Dominion Husâ€" bandman, that snow was accessible to the pigs during part of the experiâ€" ment detracts from the accuracy of this result, and further observation is to be undertaken. Apart from this, he remarks, the fact that the lot reâ€" ceiving the water made a materially better showing than the lot receiving no water would appear to indicate that the availability of slightly warmed water in cold winter weather, where it is freely accessible to the pigs, is deâ€" cidedly beneficial. â€"In this connection, it seems reasonable to add, continues the Husbandman, that the supplying of fresh cool water to hogs while on pasture in the summer is very desirâ€" able and has proved decidediy beneâ€" [BolaL. | Free Water Beneficial to Pigs in Winter Feeding. _ ONTARIO ARCHIVES SUS Man has learned to do some remarkâ€" able things with organic life, both aniâ€" mal and vegetable. He must do the work experimentally, for, although he has found out much about the laws that govern heredity, he cannot acâ€" count for some of the things that hapâ€" pen or fail to happen when living stocks are blended. But still he usuâ€" ally finds a way to get what he wants from Mother Nature. Let us consider, for an example, Marquis wheat. Northwestern Canada is a land of widespread prairies well adapted, so far as soil is concerned, to wheat farming: and too far north for any other crop that is nearly so profitable as wheat. But you cannot grow winter wheat in the West. The severe winters are sure to kill any plants that hawe sprouted and begun to grow in the fall, Canada must have a springâ€"sown wheat, and if her people are to tahko adâ€" vantage of the fields that spread up to the Peace River Valley within a fow degrees of the Arctic Circle, it must be a rapidly growing variety, one that matures within ten weeks of planting. There are other qualities that a useâ€" ful variety must have. It must be able to resist drought no less than cold, for western Canada is often both cold and dry; if it is to sell at a good price, it must mill well and bake well; and it must produce a high yield to the acre. There have always been varieties of wheat that have one or two of those five essential qualities, but until ®eâ€" cently there was none that combined all of them. That there is one now is owing to the long and patient labor of Dr. William Saunders of Ottawa and owing to the long and pale Dr. William Saunders of O his two sons. Beginning with a Russ that will ripen in a latitud than sixty degrees north, t it with the wellâ€"known Red which has superior milling When they had got a hyb that would ripen within se and make excellent flour the it a Caleutta wheat that is â€" p1 ro Al ho A perusal of the market reports isâ€" sued by the Markets Intelligence Dâ€" vision of the Dominion Live Stock Branch makes plain the fact that none but the best really pay. Take for inâ€" stance, the Winnipeg report for the last full week in June. Here we find that the top prices of steers and calves were not only 75¢ and $1 reâ€" spectively better than for the corresâ€" ponding week of last year, also that the better grades of becf steers and heifers were exceptionally strong selâ€" lers and that the best butcher cows met a good trade at strong prices, but that plain and medium kinds were inâ€" clined to be weak and draggy. The market was topped by a consignment of yearling steers and heifers of deâ€" sirable quality and finish at a price of $9.25 per hundredweight, while comâ€" mon steers averaged as low as 85.02 and common heifers as low as $4.25, an actual difference of #4 and $5. Calves showed a similar discrepancy between the best and the ordinary, Of the Toronto market we read that, of a heavier run of cattle, the majority were only half finished, and that butâ€" cher demand was weak, while expor.â€" ers had enough on hand. A+ Montreal good quality stock sold well, but medâ€" ium cattle were inclined to drag. There was a material diference at each centre between good and common. not nnswer and that another tried on the offâ€"chance would *answes very well, until at last they had produced a stable sced that would produce wheat with every desirable quality for subarciic culture, That wheat they call Marquis. Incidentally the Saundorses estabâ€" lished another variety that they called Prelude. It will ripen in eight weeks and has been raised at Dawson within three dogrees of the Arctic Circle. It may perhaps be grown even in the lower Yukon Valley, It does not proâ€" duce heavily, however, and for that reason is not worth planting where any other variety will grow. The service of the Saunders family not only to their native country but to mankind as well is worthy of more recognition than it has received. They are men who have done better than those whom Dean Swift praised so highlyâ€"the men who make two blades of grass or two ears of corn grow where only one grew before, They have caused whole ncres of waving grain to spring up where before none would grow. They have pushed forâ€" ward the domain of civilized man in the face of cold and drought and given to Canada new homes for her people and new sources of inexhaustible wealth. Clean, oil and paint machinery beâ€" fore the close of the season‘s work, so that during the months when the maâ€" chinery is less used, it will not rust or deteriorate. More Bibles are in farmers‘ homes and in the homes of villagers than are found in city homes. More than 660,â€" 000,000 Bibles have been printed in all languages, throughout the world, since printing was invented in the middle of the fifteenth century, + The Best Stock Pays Best. ductiveness and ist drought. And y worked away ation after anot 1 rejoecting that MARQUIS WHEAT 48Â¥ t es ‘ w Li 7