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is enough to produce serlous, !f not fatal, consequences. Of course this is still further diluted by the atmosâ€" phere in the street, but if there are thirty or forty cars crowded into a small area the dilution is not enough to make it harmless. Those who must continually breathe the air in the midst of automobile traffic that is much concentrated are likely to find themselves vulnerable to the attacks of common disease germs which they could easily resist if the air they took into their lungs were pure. The gases from automobiles contain from four to eight per cent. of carbon monoxide; but as little as one per cent. The site of the Mansion House, Lonâ€" don‘s official residence for its Lord Mayor, was formerly a fruit and vegoâ€" table garden. P ously, it seriously affects the general health, for it lowers the powers of reâ€" alstance and causes susceptibility to colds, grip, and pneumonta. life. But it has one drawback. In the course of combustionâ€"especially when the combustion is not completeâ€"the exploding gasoline produces & gas which, under certain conditions, is danâ€" gerous to health and even to life. That kas is carbon monoxide; it is one of the most deadly of gases, and it is 4isâ€" charged from the exhaust of every car whose engine is running, whether the car is moving or not. We have several times spoken of the danger of starting an automobile engine in a closed garâ€" age, and, though the warning against this practice has been widely spread by newspapers and health lecturers there are. a great many deaths caused by it every winter. Carbon monoxide is the potsonous constituent of illuminating gas, osâ€" pecially water gas, and it is also proâ€" duced in large quantities by burnifig coal. The air of stoveâ€"heated and furâ€" naceâ€"heated houses is often contaminâ€" ated to a dangerous extent with this gas, which escapes when the draft is poor. It may even pass through the wall of the stove if the tron gets red hot, and poison the air of the room sutâ€" fAclently to givo the occupants hend-‘ ache, nausea, loss of appetite, vertigo and a constantly irritable condition of the mucous membranes of the air pns-‘ ages. When the gas escapes continuâ€" The gasoline engine is a useful inâ€" vention, which has, through its serviceâ€" ableness to the automobile, gone far to revolutionize vur habits and modes of The gasoline engine is made in a number of forms, ranging from the engine with four cylinders in a line to the twelveâ€"cylinder, which is the Vâ€"shaped arrangement with six cylâ€" ind+rs on each side of the "V." Beâ€" tween these two extremes there is the engine with six cylinders in a line, the eightâ€"cylinder with blocks of four placed in the Vâ€"shaped and eight cylinders in a straight line. As to the arrangement of the valves of an engine, some types have both valves arranged on one side of the Dangerous Carbon Monoxide. To begin with, it should be known that engine types divide themseives along the folowing lines, arrangeâ€" ment and number of cylinders, arâ€" rangement of vailves and method of cooling. Most owners of cars will recognize where their own automobile engines come in for classification. FUEL TYPES DESCRIBED. « Considerably over 90 per cent. of automobiles are propelled by the gasâ€" oline engine. There are a few that carry storage batteries and use elecâ€" tric motors for motive powers. There is a still smaller number that use a stecam engine, the steam being generâ€" ated in a boiler which is heated by burning gasoline or kerosene. While it is no deep secret that there are various types of engines used to create power, it is safe to guess that jJust what these different types are is usually a rather hazy idea in the minds of most motorists. Yet it is well for automobilists to have some definite information which will lead to an understanding of this matter. There is no factor in motoring more nder, some have one in the top of important than that piece of mechan cy.inder and one in the side, some ism directly under the hood and known f have both valves in the top and a few as the engine. If the engine does not have the inlet valve on one side and go the car is quite use‘ess. Conse. the exhaust on the other. The arâ€" quently, it is important to se.ect, in rangement of the valves has considâ€" buying a car, a vehicle that is equipâ€"| erable to do with the efficiency of the ped with an efficient motor. lengino, that is, the amount of power While it is no deep secret that there Which is extracted from the gasoline The Automobile STUDY OF ENGINE HELPS IN DRIVING CAR. MUTT AND JEFFâ€"By Bud Fisher. Colors have diferent effects upon us. Red and orange are stimulating, yellow is checring, green neutral, purple subduing, and volet depressâ€" inc. An explorer, travelling in the Malay Peninsula, has discovéered some peâ€" cullar creatures. There are fish that climb trees, monkeys that brush their teeth after meals, and birds that sleep upside down. Lions and tigers are too weak in lung power to run more than half a mile. The Bank of England was founded by a Scotsman who died in poverty. Dover‘s historic building, Maison Disu Hall, dates back over seven cenâ€" turies. It was built in 1203 as a restâ€" house for pilgrims on their way to Canterbury from the Continent. About twice as much power is roâ€" quired to stop an express train as to start one. Salmon, pike, and goldfish are said to be the only fish that never sleep. Fifty oxen, 70 lambs, 200 sheep, and sometimes as much as 10,000 head of game, 70,000 eggs, 300 birrels of flour, and 15,0001b. of fish are some of the items in the stores of a Cunard liner. It takes a healthy man four months to eat his own weight in food. An artificlal wool made from pine trees has been developed in Germany. Only one variety of bird is known to "shingle" its own feathers. This is a native of South America, which nibâ€" bles away each side of the tailâ€"feather to prodtice a curlousâ€"looking racket efâ€" fect. A crane is called a derrick from the name of Derrick, the Tyburn hangman, who made gibbets in the seventeenth century. Diamond is a corruption of the Greek word adamant, meaning untamâ€" able or refractory. The Greeks called the diamond adamant because of its excessive hardness. The amount of pressure applied by a planist to the keys in one minute is often anything upto a ton and a half, In that some minute the eyo has to read about one thousand five hundred signs and the fingers make about two thousand movements. At the top of Shooter‘s Hill, Blackâ€" heath, England, there stands a mileâ€" stone inside the church railings. On one hide it marks "$ miles to London." On the other, "130 miles to Ypres." Every year finds a tendency toward standardization in automobile design. Still there is enough of a variety of types to select from to suit the indiâ€" vidual‘s needs and tastes.‘ The prosâ€" pective automobile owner will find all types of engines well developed and effective in operation. In the airâ€"coo‘:ed motor provision is made for bringing sufficient quantiâ€" ties of air directly into contact with the outside of the cylinders. In this way the excess heat is carried off directly by the air. A large percentage of automobils motors are cooled by water, the cylinâ€" ders being surrounded by a jacket of water which avsorbs the excess heat. The hot water is pumped to a radiator placed on the front of a car, which provides for the heat being carried off by the air. Much of the heat generated by burning the gasoline is necessarily absorbed through the water jacket which surrounds the cylinders. The engines with the valves in the head have a regular shaped combustion chamber â€" which reduces the water jacketed surface to a minimum. Enâ€" gines with valves on the side of the cylinders have pockets that are offset from the cylinder proper, which must be water jacketed. The great majority of the engines use valves of the "poppet" type, that is, valves that are shaped like mushâ€" rooms, are pushed open by a cam and are returned to their seat by a spring. Peculiar Facts and Figures. HOW HEAT IS ABSORBED. | Canada is a land of vast grain growing areas and a wide diversity ‘of other vegetable resources. Canada is rich in minera‘ls, her animal indusâ€" tries are a leading source of national | wea‘lth, her forests products previde _ Canada has many admirers outside of her borders, largely due to the effiâ€" cient work of her energetic trade comâ€" missioners. They are putting Canada in the forefront as a commercial world power. Even in farâ€"off Straits Settlements, A. B.‘Muddiman is workâ€" ing in the interests of Canada, and no doubt as the result of his efforts the Singapore Free Press has the foilowâ€" ing to say of this courtry: "At present Canada‘s industrial future has hardly begun. Great towns do exist and some big indusâ€" tries, but for the present and for many years to come her energies will be absorbed by the conquest of tho land and the bringing of it into cultiâ€" vation. Looking at the spirit of her peop.o and the past history of the United States, there can be no hesiâ€" tation in recogmizing in Canada one of the greatest world powers of the future, an achievement in colonizaâ€" tion of which the British people can be immeasurably proud." ‘ G. G. Van der Kop, editor of the "Interocean," the only magazine pubâ€" lished in the "Middle East," and who once visited this country, has had many times a good word to say for Canadsa. The Natural Resources Intelligence Service of the Dept. of the Interior at Ottawa says: Natural® Resources Bulletin. 1â€"A necktie ; 5â€"To nip @â€"An obstruction 11â€"To demand payment 13â€"To fortifty 15â€"Obliterating implements 17â€"â€"To be under obligation 19â€"A dandy s 20â€"Penetrate 4 21â€"An oath 22â€"Informed 24â€"Measures 25â€"Simple 26â€"Horse 28â€"Female sheep 29â€"Underground worker 30â€"To make insipid 32â€"Midday 34â€"Minute organism 85â€"Twisted 36â€"To filter through 38â€"Bitter plum 39â€"Runs away 42â€"One length of a course 44â€"Long, narrow plece ; 48â€"To tear 49â€"To drive oakum into seams 61â€"Mentally sound 62â€"Finish 63â€"Big steamship 54â€"To refrigera*y 55â€"Eroded 56â€"Like milk 58â€"To weaken 69â€"To Imitate 60â€"Negative P 61â€"Quarreis @@â€"Inclined £ SUGGESTIONS FOR SOLVING CROSSâ€"WORD PUZZLES Start out by filling in the words of which you feel reasonably sure. These will give you a clue to other words crossing them, and they in turn to still others. A letter belongs in each white space, words starting at the numbered squares and running cither horizontally or vertically or both. HORIZONTAL . VERTIPAN in large surpus for export, while the :greater portion of the product of her ‘factories find a market outside Canâ€" ada. The quality of her products is ; interesting world consumers, and it is ‘but natural that the thoughts of these foreign consumers should turn to a |country that is capable of such proâ€" | duction. The water buffalo of the Orient can draw a load weighing. more than a ton. "What‘s he been doing?" asked the man in blue kindly. "Oh, you‘ll easily catch him!" exâ€" plained Winnie triumphantly. They‘ve just carried him into that drug store." Theâ€" prisons of England and Wales row number oniy about forty in a‘l. More than twonty prisons have been closed since 1914. * "Oh," wailed the child, "he‘s broken up my hoop with his nasty bicycle." ‘HMas he?" said the constable, preâ€" paring to go to the scene of the crime. "Well, where is he?" 3 "Clarence," said his wife, "the maid has given notice because of the rude way you spoke to her over the ‘phone yesterday." ‘"My dear, I‘m so sorry, I thought I was speaking to you." Do we as Canadians fully appreciâ€" ate what we have, and are we doing our part in making them known? With tears on her baby cheeks little Winnie ran up to the policeman. . "Please, sir," she sobbed, "will you come and lock a nasty man up?" 8â€"Floating structures °l 10â€"Sheolif 11â€"To make more profound 12â€"A duct 14â€"Basis 16â€"To cook In liquid 18â€"Carried as bodily covering 23â€"Ousted 25â€"Oldâ€"time dance (pl.) 27â€"Ventures 29â€"Philippine natives 31â€"Protected sige 33â€"Night bird 37â€"A fish 38â€"Ill temper 89â€"Something abnormal 40â€"Religious perlod 41â€"To make beloved _ _ 43â€"Relative 53 45â€"Dried grape 46â€"Ancient Peruvian ruler 47â€"Looks Blyly j 49â€"Sudden, sharp noise (pl.) 50â€"African cattieâ€"pen â€" 56â€"To place *J t3 $7â€"Alkaline solution 2â€"Specimen 3â€"Poem 4â€"Allowance in weight (p1.) 5â€"Utters low murmuring sounds 6â€"Inspector (abbr.) 7â€"Divided in @tnt intcrnationat synpicate. Nasty, Nasty Man VERTICAL His Error. O o Je Hirrompaigo % +. a +4 ONTARIO ARCHIV TORONTO I' The airplane will be discarded as ; scon as a practical helicopter is develâ€" !oped; gas bas supplanted coal in many ‘industries because it is cleaner and | does better work. i We muct look to the future, or we are liable to find our business a "has ibeen" a decade or so from now. Not one person the brains he has capacity. We need research. We also need to keep an eye to the future. In this present era, the foundation of success is chiefly judgment and yision. Laber does not crate; nor does capital. It is mind that creates. The real wealth of our country does not le in our laboring class, but in our thinking class. The worthâ€"while executive‘ls the felâ€" low who can ask brassâ€"tack questions, each one of which leads to darkened corners where the unassembled facts are hidden. It is not a question of brains, for the average person has more than he knows what to do with. Not one person in a hundred uses the brains he has to as much as half In ten years from now our per capita consumption of certain articles will be double what it is toâ€"day, while the conâ€" sumption of cther commodities will be no more than half of what it is at preâ€" sent. The announcement in the morning paper of the discovery of a new maâ€" terial or the unexpected development of an ingenious device may change the ntire outlook not only for a few corâ€" porafion‘s, but for an entire industry. Never bas there been a time when it was so necessary for the industrial executive to exercise vision. We have come to a day when a business can be mad or ruined over night. When the necessary thickness has been attained, the pulp is taken off the roller, opened out and dried. In this state it is termed "half stuff boards." The top stone revolves, and the pulp is fed through a hole in this, being fineâ€" ly ground between the two stones. The refined pulp is passed over a wire gauze cylinder on to a felt conâ€" veyor which passes it to a pair of steel rollers, the top one taking up the end of the web of pulp and gradually windâ€" ing it upon itself. Our "tree" is now ready to take on its first appearance in the form of a "sheet." The good pulp, still containing imâ€" purities, is now subjected to a refining process in a machine resembling two huge grindstones placed one on top of the other. This pulp contains all the impurities ufter the first grinding, so it is strained through a wire sieve, which allows the finer pulp to pass. The woodâ€"pulp, as it is called, is made in this manner. The trees are cut into logs, about two feet long, split and the bark and knots carefully reâ€" moved. A sheet of paper is a sheet of vegeâ€" table fibres matted together, dyed, and surfaced according to requirements. And it is from wood that the fibrous part of the paper is obtained. The logs are ground up by revolving stone wheels, water being supplied to keep them cool, and to mix with the wood to form the pulp. It Was Once It is a big jump from a plece of wood to a sheet of paper, but this page probâ€" ably started its journey paperwards as the trunk of a tree in some northern forest. You see, toâ€"day, the forests of Norâ€" way, Sweden, Canada, and the United States furnish the bulk of the world‘s paperâ€"makng material. Answer to last week‘s puzze: Little Ikey Goloberg Shows OF for Jeff‘s Reneft. Business Changes. THIS PIECE OF PAPER! Was Once Part of a The gregariousne:s of most contemptible and aspoct. See how they other like sheep, not .. â€"â€"Thoreau. The hasty pluck at the sleeves of the deiibcrate and want to know when they may expect to see results, They pretend to put a premium on quick decision; but, as 2 matter of fact, they never learned the virtues of paâ€" tience and precaution, and others sometimes must pay for their headâ€" long rashness. It is right that those who get things done should be extolled when the achievements are worth while, but it does nct mean much to Set in motion any process of producâ€". tion without prefiguring the cost and irying teâ€"ascertain the outcome. Nature did not intend that we should forever be on the go. Sleep. solitude and relaxation are of her ordainment as certainly as vigilance, associative toil and strenuous effort. They who know how to rest and when to hbe still are the ones whose accomâ€" plishment excels the frantic gyration of those who hustle without a plan, save to keep on hustling; Those who make a great show of business withâ€" out getting much done are impatient with those who take time to think and who believe in cireumspection before they leap. Whatever the place, whenever the time, the tongue, the mind, the feet and han‘s must never be still. The beauty ana the blessedness of quictâ€"â€" aye, and the vital necessity, tooâ€"are never recognized and conceded. Life must be fcrever a rush and a &%r, a fret and a fever. In contact with such a disturbing incendiary spirit, one longs for a presence whose comâ€" ing is tranmquility, whose tacit symâ€" pathy is a benison, who can afford to trust to silences more than is in the power of words to convey. There is a febri‘e temperament, not unfamiliar in domestic life and the social circle, which demands that there shall always be something going on. There is no rest or peace with such a spirit. If the talk slackens or seems to approach a lull, the resâ€" tive one feels that it must be replenâ€" ished as fuel is thrown to a wood fire on a winter night. If a guest is enâ€" tertained, it is thought that his every moment must have an occupation found for it. As the paper comes from the last drying cylinder it is wound upon reels, which contain in some cases, miles and miles of paper. This belt, now coated with a wet sheet of pulp, is supported by brass rollers, moisture being extracted from the pulp by suction. The pulp sheet next passes under a roller which renâ€" ders the surface smooth. At this point the wire belt makes its return journey under the rollers and further molsture still is extracted from the damp sheet of pulp as it passes over some steamâ€" heated cylinders. In this reeled condition it is cut to a required widthâ€"ready for use. The paip is strained carefully and conveyed to the paperâ€"making imaâ€" chine, running on to an endless belt of wire mesh, about forty feet long by eight feet wide. To produce an even eurface the corâ€" rect proportions of the "half stuff boards" are loaded with china clay and so on; and to ensure a white color a solution of blue is introduced into the machine. Sizing material is also addâ€" ed. This prevents the ofl in the printâ€" ing ink running when the paper is printed on. _ We are well on our way now to the finished sheet of paper. + t The boiling process extracts the imâ€" purities of the wood, and breaks it up into pulp which is then drained off, washed and made into "balf stuff boards" as already described. chanical woodâ€"puipâ€"to wse its trade nameâ€"would be too coarse and imâ€" pure, and would quickly discolor and turn brittle. It is therefore invariably mixed with a finer grade of pulp which has been chemically prepared. The better quality, instead of being ground, is cut into small pieces, and boiled in a solution of sulphite of soda, in buge vats. But paper made solely from this meâ€" uis uns Something Going On. 1.nowing wany men is their discouraging follow eacn HoliGay makers followed "Lorna Doone" io Exmcor and lifracombe, and Combe Martin in the same district rose to fame as the scene of Marie Corelli‘s "Mighty Atcm." Next to a popular novel, a popular song is probably about the best free advertisement for a holiday resort, The adjective "glorious," for example, will probably be associated 11 people‘s minds with "Devon" for many years to come> on Account .of the otliad so Yermouth has benefited groctly @â€" ing to Dickens‘s "David Copperfic‘d." Hall Caine‘s novel, "The Doomstor," sent ters of thousanis of people flockâ€" ing to the Isle of Man, where the scone is laid. For Dress Doesn‘t Clothe. "Yorr wife must spend a terrible amount of money on her clothing." "You‘re wholly wrongâ€"she spenas it ali ca her dress." d A holiday resort cvan bave no botter advertis cment than a wide‘yâ€"read bock wv:l}tgn by a popular anthor. Last year it is estimate1 that over $5,000,000 worth of furs, $2,000,060 of which represents the value of polts sold through the fur auction and the balance private sales, were handled in Winrnipeg. While the fur sales held in Winnipeg are not in the same clas« with those of Montreal, New York or London, for the reason that the sclecâ€" tion of furs put up for sale is someâ€" what limited as they are largely made up of the natural production of the country, the collections offered are purely Northwestern furs and are not mixed with inferior grades. This imâ€" portant feature of the sales is becomâ€" ing more widely recognized and is reâ€" acting most beneficially to the fur trade of Western Canada. ~ With this large and everâ€"growing setâ€" tler, trapper and Indian population in the West, it is not surprising that Winâ€" nipeg has again come to the fore as a fur centre. Many large fur companies of international scope have their headâ€" guarters there and also have trading posts established throughout the nort be«fi land. These companies handle the raw product direct from the trapper to their retail stores in the more importâ€" ant British, Continental and American cities. The settler trapper is to be found in larger numbers in Western Canada than in the older established farming districts of the East. This is probably due to the fact that many large lumâ€" bering camps in the East, operating throughout the winter months, absorb the surplus farm labor. On the other band, the industrial activities of the West have not yet reached a point where they are capable of offering emâ€" ployment to the farmer during the slack period of farming operations. Therefore it is essential to the active farmer, who is desirous of increasing his income, to look to other means of employment, and in trapping he finds work which, in good seasons, often returns him considerable profit. Since the earlier days of settlement fur trapping has formed no insignifâ€" cant share of the revenue of the setâ€" tler, and at present, in some districts away from largo communities, it is still the practice of the farmer, after he has garnered his crops, to goâ€"into the bush and set out his line of traps. Quite frequently the trapping grounds are a considerable distance away, and it is not unusual for the settler to be gone all winter and return with his catch only when the spring thaws hav@ set in. industry of Canada in recent years has tended to overshawod the value of this gource of raw fur peltry. In the northâ€" ern areas of the Dominion trapping is largely the chief means of subsistence of the inhabitants, and as the catch is marketed thfough trading companies or commission agents, its importance perhaps is not generally fully appreciâ€" ated. ’ £ mW PRRRIOCCOMOCC D for furs in Canada, is the claim now being put forward by Winnipeg as &A result of the outstanding position that chty has recently acquired as a shipper of furs,. Fifty years ago the trade of Winnipeg was largely in furs, but with the gradual settlement of the Prairies and the encroachment of ctvilization on the haunts of wild furâ€"bearing aniâ€" mals, agriculture and manufacturing became of more importance. Of recent years, however, Winnipeg has again become a prominent furâ€"recoiving point and the establishment of the Winnipeg Fur Auction Sales Company two or three years ago definitely placed that city in a position of some consequence insofar as the fur trade is concerned. One of the most important contributâ€" ing factors to the growing importance of Winnipeg‘s fur trade is the more pronounced activity of the trappers. The rapid expansion of the furfarming The Settierâ€"Trapper Increasing. Boomed by Books. L3 The ay end hay weholar 0 claims th on about youngsie that," know 4f 1 w of a 1 m to ] PVeiGâ€"M Cvyrus 1 Enzliand that they tention. failed to awcross t! in Englis Lady Byng C The secret preference 1 and the beau bhouses rather marks recepi during the governorgen popular lady Lady B fowers a: she came no less th the beaut home. A There is story told Depew, th« €ginner of : #ociation. A strang lage, and d The only # against the "Pretty marked. "There replied cemetery "Have y« the strange *"Not yet After tha According tish humor But Sir Har Ing Yankee many dry 8 That n several a with him : and | then "Bank prc *"Would 3 , Mr. B1 | *Well, 1 est, dis rest in th therto ev It concerr dent in Ariz @ll the mon then posted tution: "Ba: husband -Qll pres way here, other." . me of th ile awai ner. Bhe finis} greete{ The Mars This mis "Oh," anewe e wiloot mer meuch, but, D e‘s no whit | Jamlet." The famou inck, tells a ig a wealth; dinner part iends. MHis wife w lan, and a ” to one s1 ime along th« ence all round. A fairly wellâ€" ppearance in H uly increased. rdience was di d Beot say to . "Weel, Jock, ing rem , Mr. Will Pyf comedian, tol t that hap; a theatre he s boyhood. Ordinarily, pric #»» STORIES OF WI KNOWN PEOP Didn‘t W What An Ame Disappoint Intere