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n up tn emlock dral of ‘ch seo ing sif above, F'l sug» in e ver col birch; tion. every» Lheld tion to our in tho old ap. urple long. ir beâ€" grasse ught : »iged ough over ould here ds. hed bly of elp rare cavy Hoots ould ving zing Am ady â€"atâ€" ind ver che ho. ns TS Nlate] he ntâ€" of K ere ©TOde shy, 1e away of nd ar ad 1@ ol It harg» vet dtâ€" by lly sub= in a f AlM Â¥as are the Bechives should not rest directly upon the ground. . Bricks, timbers or special stunds six inches high can be used for supports. Place a board #roimm the ground to the entrauce so that heavily ladon bees that drop near the hive can craw! up. ed y to kes the Lor tra Nf mss . folded It ! ‘e ay much attention to -lv| zs that are in realiiy of litt‘e >, and neglect other matters whick of the greatest interest to manâ€" i. That‘s because we are human, also, very often, obstinate. ‘hen a scientist says that it is posâ€" » for bugs to destroy the human », there is a loud haâ€"ha! and again ha ha! Even scientists have been v» to be right. Do you remember n you laughed at the idea of hearâ€" v»~es through the air without the No Lumps in 10 who do not laugh at the ones who raise the food : world. They know that verything produccd is deâ€" a milllions and trillions of n{est the fields. o You kxow? ow that the number of s is greater by far than necies of all other living eas 1eb ive Then put a ha ash on the rust it with a soske Vi 1( ust from plows, #‘c., round corn, wet it 1@ ints. put a piece of tom of chimneys BY CHARLES P. SHOFFNER. th a sosked sack wee days the rust : keep on active. of the saucepar are put on with els can be changâ€" ontainer is fled i the simple matâ€" 1 have us believe. actively boiling" : cereal is being is up over the BIRDS A ND BUGS lumps Torm As 1 into the liquid. it of water used | must be subâ€" vunt which the cook to bring to point. most 12,000,000 ind on one tree? iundry, use as napkins of the th Cereal. OT | for growing bit of a task directions are y ye lent. >.e8, nor can : do all birds U whit x then the «c h Th« leally in D1 he r VT . Aprons of Toâ€"day. days There is such charming variety in 1 of, the modern apron that some*.hing‘ item practical and attractive can be chosen ho‘ld. for every need. ‘ t beâ€" One of the best of the new "coverâ€" fineâ€" alls" is the comt style. This apron iling convenienty opens in front, and then 10o0th one side overlaps the other and ties ened around to the back. It protects best varm when cut full length to cover the frock then beneath. It is very easy to iron, for it ively may be laid out practically flat. It od. _: can be made with or without sleeves. iking One design has raglan sleeves, which ecret are easy to put in, for no basting is withâ€" | required. _A rollâ€"back collar, which h the requires only the addition of a straight it so band at the neck, is also easy to make ofiten | and gives the apron, when donned, the matâ€"| offect of a complete house dress. Inâ€" liove. | deed, there is no reason why this deâ€" ling" s«ign cannot be worn as such in warm eing | weather. In any case, it makes an oxâ€" the cellent apron for cleaning day, and tove,| percale, gingham, print or cretonne ively are suitable materials. pan, _ Still another convenient apron is the n as one with straps crossed at the back quid.| and sewed to the sides of the apron used in front. No buttonholes or buttons subâ€" are required to fuss with either in the : the making or laundering. _A bib and ig to‘ apron are included in the onepiece . design. wing‘ The latest design in rubber aprons task is the one with a beaded pattern decâ€" are orating one of the lower corners. Tiny | beads in contrasting colors are sprinkâ€" led thick!y into a gummed design, such I€ Any artificial check or change in the balance might easily cost a century of trouble before the slow forces of Naâ€" ture could make the necessary readâ€" justments. We have unset the state of balance in relation to bird life. We have careâ€" lesaly, thoughtlessly and arrogantly killed our birds, and have allowed the ingects to increase enormously. THME BIRD‘S APPETITE. We have seedâ€"eating birds and inâ€" sectivorous birds. The seedâ€"eating birds do much good by destroying weed seeds. The insectivorous birds feed principaily upon insects and these birds are now protected by law. ‘ace to any wellâ€"regulated farm, and cutting considerable vino with the |should be made to do pot service at flowers, they bore extra large flowers Ithe very first opportunity. | with extra long stems.â€"A. H. All birds at times will eat cultivated fruit. Generally this is caused by luck of their natural food (wild berâ€" ries, etc.) or by one sPecios increasing to above the normal limits. Some birds seem to do more harm than good. The crow, both fish and common crow, and the English sparâ€" row, an imported bird, are not proâ€" Second, teach the children the value of bird life. Put up birdâ€"houses, elimâ€" inate the enemies of bird life, feed the birds in winter and plant trees, shrubs and vines to supply the birds with their natural fruit foods. Remember that from the beginning of time, man has been the greatest natural enemy of birds and exterminâ€" ator of the various species. Man, with his gun, trap, cat and dog, has been directly or indirectly responsible for the great decrease in bird life during Cannas are gross feeders and great drinkers. Give them water during dry weathor, and if it contSin= libera; plant food, so much the botter, I have sunk a bottom‘ess bucket, or old lard can, half way up in the bed, whoere it was hidden by the foliage, and filed «is with manure. A pail or two of water on wash days, or at other times, pourâ€" od into this will give wonderful reâ€" sults. If you are running a drain pipe out from a kitchen sink, the end will make a mwice place to plant cannas. There is nover any danger of giving too much water or getting the soil too vich, and to get the finest tropical efect, they should grow with great luxuriance.â€"â€"A. K. as a butterfly, posies or fruit. As the rubber apron requires only a damp cloth to remove soil, the decoration wi.l last as long as the apron. Pretty colors, such as rose, pink, blue, ye‘low, wreen, lavendor and red are seen. For children, dainty litte rubber aprons are trimmed with contrasting fril‘s of pleated rubber in such combinations as rose and white, yelow and b‘ue, ‘avender snd greon. But the decoraâ€" tions are still more attractive, for they consist of handâ€"painted nursery motifs. such as bunnios, kittens and puppies Insectivorous birds eat an enormous imber of insects. The food of meaâ€" »wlarks consists of 72 per cent. deâ€" ructive insects and 20 per cent. weed »ds. Elftyâ€"one species of birds eat iiry eaterpillars and 38 species feed + plantâ€"lice. Most hawks and owls e great destrovers of mice, arts and rds e past century. We are up against a stern condition. 1s are increasing. The human race fighting for its food, which is its W hout Feed and Water Cannas. WIHAT SHOULD WE Do ‘st of all, do not begrudge a few les or a few of your berries to irds. They work for you faithâ€" â€" How long would you auto run roden vou become an unt of the damage they of the Every woman‘s desire is to achieve that smart different appearance which draws favorable comment from the cbâ€" serving public. The designs illustratâ€" ed in our new Fashion Book are originated in the heart of the style centres and will help you to acquire that much desired air of individuality. Price of the book 10 cents the copy. OW 10 ORDER PATTENS. Write your name and address plainâ€" ly, giving numbar and size of such patterns as you want. Encloso 20c in stamps or coin (coin preferred; ~rap it carefully) for each number, and address your order to Pattern Dept., Â¥llson Publishing Co., 73 West Ade imide St., Tororto. Pattorns sent by return mail. SIMPLE AND CONSERVATIVE ,son, who IN LINE. _ and whe Another proof of the popularity of l!’rOthOl'S "prints‘" is seen in this simple model,’"‘ t'h? n« ideal for morning or street wear. The | t:{’cti?:ai frock with a crossover effect is always l Edge of as fashionable as it is becoming, a“d‘Phamoh in this design the fronts overlap @ach | minister other well, and are held in place by sons, wa narrow string belts tying at the centre }92‘ Sheph back. There are patch pockets of plain in the ei contrastingâ€"color material to match \turies be the convertible collar, and facing of'“lc‘l’”f“‘ long revers. The long setâ€"in sleoves ::ct (:vh‘ii are gathered into little bands at thelness wh wrists, and may be cut short for house| come wh wear. No. 1345 is in sizes 34, 36, 38,\the sixte 40, 42 and 44 inches bust. Size 36 bust ) herd kin requires 3% yards 36â€"inch bordered and wer material, with % yard plain contrast.| of the e ing. Price 20 cents. fii’r"f,’j The principle of an iceless refrigerâ€" ator is that evaporating water cools. The refrigerator itself is simply a framework surrounded by wet cloth. It should be kept in a shady place, but where there is a free circulation of air. A corner of your back porch that is always shady would be an ideal spot. Even on the hottest days in summer, it will hold a temperature that will insure butter, milk, and other foods coming to the table in excellent condiâ€" tion instead of in a hopeless, melted mass. Iceless Refrigerator Inexâ€" pensive. An iceless refrigerator at a cost of less than five dollars, is within the reach of any woman who has the knack of using tools, or a man in her family, willing to devote a spare hour to carpenter work. Properly located, it will save many trips to the baseâ€" ment, and much food. Four posts, four feet high, are reâ€" quired. Arrange them either in a square or a rectangle. Nail on a botâ€" tom of wood, and put four shelves of either wood or wire, about four feet apart. The top should be of solid wood and should hold an enamel pan. Over the framework put a covering of rustâ€"proof wire screen, and under this frame put four short legs, resting in a second enamel pan. _ Around this framework fasten cloth, stretched tight‘y. It should be long enough to Re lavish with your sweet peas and pansies when your friends come your way. It is a good plan to let no blooms fade on the plants, for the little see? pods escape notice more easily, and few pods maturing will stop the blooming. The pansies hide the seeds beneath the leaves so if the flowers are not picked they are pretty sure to ripan seeds, though the effect is not so quick or thorough as with the sweet peas. The perennial pea will bloom for a longer time and the flowers be much finer if the blooms are kept picked off. One year when we kept cutting considerable vino with the reach the bottom of both enamel pans. The closing down the side of this cloth should be made with snap fasteners, so that it can be easily opened. Heavy flannel can be used, or a white cotton blanket that has outlived its usefu‘lness will do. The water from the first pan is carried to the tightly drawn cloth of the sides, maintaining a low temperature within, even on the hottest days.â€"Mrs. L. M. T. Pick the Pansies and Sweet 1345 0 _ S.8. LESSON our | These treasure gi!iex, v. 11, or "store ms Cities," were, probably, strongholds on or near the eastern frontier for deâ€" 5‘? fence, and as depots for the supply of @, _ | provisions and arms in time of war. July 4â€"l8raet Ensiaved in Egypt,| Exodus 1: 1â€"14. Golden 1’0)(‘.â€"1'!\0i Lord wili not cast off his people.â€" Psaims 94: 14. ! lbrothors' and their dependants thfiro'! WRCH UHC 5‘ CHTCSD ytn:lv UZ lll'lllu‘ T4 |in the northeastern })art of that coun-& t;’lt:: hlav: fleleg,rl? serxlc?(, in.\ e;s;igat: |try, in a time of famine. It seems| mectric fire.oss Chokers;, !L yO lpractical] certain, from our lmowl-lhwe an acetylene lighting system, inâ€" edge of Egypti.an history, that thelvostigate the advisability of hooklng ‘Phamoh who made Jose;{ his prime up an acetylene plate; also weigh the minister and welcomed Jacob and his pros and cons of stoves operated by |sons, was one of the soâ€"called H%ksas. | gasoline and kerosene and consider the or Shepherd kings, who ruled in EEYPE) peace of mind with which you would }in the eighteenth and seventeenth cenâ€"| operate either one \turies before Christ. They were themâ€" °* * selves Asiatics, not native Egyptians,| After determining the kind of fuel and of a race akin to the Hebrews, & you intend to use bo sure to select a |fact which may account for the kindâ€" stove that will be large enough for |::::ev3‘};fc};‘ tg;‘?" ;’f&?&;:d ltfl}{:"‘;(;lr;‘ your heaviest days of cooking. Even ithe sixteenth century, B.C., these shepâ€"| if the large ov]in and extr; }:lu;n'; “: \herd kings were driven out of Egypt,i"f‘ldm used, they are needed badly a and were succeeded by Egyptian kings | times, and satisfaction with your sumâ€" of the eighteenth am{ nineteenth dynâ€" mer stove often depends upon its caâ€" asties, one of whom was, no doubt, the pacity. Avoid buying this convenience ;flew#z,fll 08"9!' Egypt, who knew not| in a hurry. Talk with your neighbors oseph," v. 8. | who have stoves operated with the There is some difference of opinion kin(:,i 0? fuel you int-'flnd to use. Visit as to whether the king mentioned in t]:l" dealers in your nearest town and our lesson was Thothmes III of the) y°° ) pugy; * it the Boi i8 of the eighteenth dynasty, whose reign ex.} »°tome faminar wi C Ne O tended over the first half of the fif,: YAr10U8 makes so that you can "f‘l‘_’Ct teenth century (about 1503â€"1449 B.C.) the make best fitted to your individâ€" or Rameses II, of the nineteenth dynâ€" ual noeds. ANALYSIS. } I. THE FIRST GENERATION OF ISRAELITES IN EGYPT, 1â€"6. | II. INCREASE OF THE PEOPLE AND OPâ€"| PRESSION BY A NEW EGYPTIAN DYNâ€"| ASTY, 7â€"14. | InTrRrovuctionâ€"The book of !:xodml continues the history, in brief sumâ€"| mary form, through the long period of the Israelites‘ residence in Efy&t, and then, in much greater detail, tells of . the subjection of the people to & very| oppressive kind of bondage, their deâ€"| liverance by Moses, and their journey | through the wilderness to the encampâ€"| ment at Mount Sinai in the second year, of their departure from Efiypt.I The latter part of the book (chaps.} The latter part of the book (chaps.| 19â€"40) tells of a number of important events which happened at Sinai, inâ€"| cluding the giving of the law un({ the building of the tent sanctuary, or| tabernacle. The name "Exodus" is the Latinized form of two Greek words | which mean "departure" or "outward journey." The great central theme of! the Book is that of God‘s care for his| I)eo(fle, deiivering them from bondage,! eading them through the wilderness, {)rovldlng for their many wants, givâ€" ng them good laws and the beginning : of a national constitution, amt‘ dwellâ€"| ing himself in the midst of them. _ | _ Service in the field, v. 14, must have | included not only the makini of bricks, j but also the digging of canals for irriâ€"| gation, the making of dykes and em-‘ bankments, and the lifting of water | from the river and its branches in thei |\ dry season. The great dams, or bn'-| rages erected by British eng{neers in | trecent times, for the control of the| Nile water, have made unnecessary| much of this burdensome toil, and have enormously increased the wealth and | productivity of the land: = x There is some difference of opinion as to whether the king mentioned in our lesson was Thothmes III of the eighteenth dynasty, whose reign exâ€" tended over the first half of the fifâ€" teenth century (about 1503â€"1449 B.C.) or Rameses 1I, of the nineteenth dynâ€" asty (about 1275â€"1208 B.C.). The former opinion is supported by the statement in 1 Kings 6:1 that Soloâ€" mon began to bui‘d the temple in Jerâ€" usalem ‘"in the four hundred and eighth year after the children of Israel were come out of the land of Egypt." Solomon‘s rei%'n began about B.C. 970, and this would fix the date of the departure from Egypt under Moses shortly after B.C. 1450. Against his view is the fact that Thothmes T11 conquered western Asia, including Palestine, and established an empire which endured until the time of Ramâ€" eses II, and, therefort, that, if the Hebrews had sett‘ed in Palestine durâ€" ing this period, they would have been still s_ubfeect to Egypt, or in conflict The last chapters of Genesis tell the remarkable story of Joseph, Jacob‘s son, who rose t(;freat power in Efypt, and who settled his father and his with that empire as still holding power in Palestine. The whole matter is still in doubt, and the course of events may have been much more intricate and involved than that shown in our hisâ€" tory. The commonly held view toâ€"day is that the Pharaoh of the oppression was Rameses (or Raamses) II, and that the Exodus took place under his son and successor, Merenptah, about B.C. 1200. I. THE FIRST GENERATION OF ISRASL!TES IN EGYPT, 1â€"6. These are the names, v. 1. Compare the last given in Genesis 46:8â€"27. If we add to these who are named as the direct descendants of Jacob, all} those who had become attached to them by marriage, or who were their servants or‘dependants, the total number will appear to have been considerably more. This is implied in the phrase, Every man and his household. All that genâ€" eration. The total period of the resiâ€" dence in Egypt is given by the historâ€" ian as four hundred and thirty years (Exod. 12:40: compare Gen. 15:13). In Exod. 6:16â€"20 there are just four generations from Joseph to Moses. If these passages all come from the same original source, a generation must have been reckoned as about one hunâ€" dred years. If Joseph and his people settled in Egypt about B.C. 1600, or ear.ier, we can reckon, on this basis, the Exodus as taking place about 1200. II. INCREASE OF THE PEOPLE ANp OPâ€" PRESSION, 7â€"14. A new king, v. 8. The fact that one of the treasure cities, built by the forced labor of the Israelites was caled Raameses, would seem to point to the king as bearing that name. But compare Gen. 47:11, which may be held to prove that the name was given at an earlier time to that part of the country. The site of Pithom, and probâ€" ably that of Raamses, has been i«fianti- fied, and the bricks used in the walls are found to have been made of Nile mud and chopped straw. Both cities were in the northeastern part of Egypt. trcte 3 t "With what rigor the system of All agree that during hot weather some kind of cookâ€"stove other than the coal or wood range is an absolute neeâ€" essity in the farm home. The kitchen troubles of the housowife affect the family through the frayed nerves and disposition of the cook, and no woman can be comfortable, happy and conâ€" tented in an overheated kitchen. Sometimes I think that the unrest of farm women so much talked about by students of sociolegy had its beâ€" ginning in a case of prickly heat brought on by cooking day after day in an inferno heated by a coal range. Yet, in the busiesst season when the demands of the farm are greatest on her strength and resources, many & housewife works in such an inferno, a place into which none of the rest of the family ventures, unless obliged to do so. No house can be kept cool with Fow foks fu.lly appreciate the real value of a hornet. There is the comâ€" mon whiteâ€"faced hornet, for instance \.â€"the largest member of our social ‘ wasps. With the exception of buzzing around our heads once in a while, \there is liitle damage done by them. | Their food consists large‘y of insects. . In fact, their habit of preying on pests like the houseâ€"fly classes them amon# our most valuable friends. A colons of hornets dweliing close toua rcsiâ€" ‘ dence will so closely patrol the premâ€" ises in search of houseâ€"flies that the owner may feel safe even without | screens in his doors and windows. But \the timid soul would rather have flies | than hornets. â€" a coal or wood range going full blast in the kitchen. Heat will travel and the temperature of the other rooms will be raised to an uncomfortable degree. The summer stove should heat up the house es little as possible, yet do the large amount of cooking and canâ€" ning so necessary in the average farm home. Before buying a stove for this| purpose, whether it uses electricity.| acetylene gas, gasoline or coalâ€"oll, de-' termine which kind you can operate} with the greatest peace of mind. If| you have electric service, investigate the electric fireless cookers; if you have an acetylene lighting system, inâ€" vestigate the advisability of hooking up an acetylene plate; also weigh the pros and cons of stoves operated by gasoline and kerosene and consider the peace of mind with which you would operate either one. forced labor was employed may be jJudged from the fact recorded by Herâ€" odotus that one hundred and twenty thousand workmen lost their lives in the construction of a canal connecting the Nile and the Red Sea in the time of Pharaoh Necho (seventh century Much progress has been made by the manufacturers of summer stoves. In many homes where tha kitchen stove is not also required to heat the kitchen in winter, they have become the year ‘round stove. You will find a type and style to meet every need. There will be the oneâ€", twoâ€" or three burner plate and leg styles with portâ€" able ovens, and there will be the atâ€" tractiveo whiteâ€"enameled ranges with builtâ€"in ovens. Of course, the prices vary, ranging from only a few dollars to a hundred or more. B.C.). In modern times Mohammed Ali‘s canal from the Nile to Alexanâ€" dria cost twenty thousand lives." Ax heives get broken sometimes. In putting in a new one, soft wood is bast for the wedge in the hoead. Hardwood will spring out easily and make trouble, but a pine wedge will stick closer than a brother. The hornets and wasps which we are acquainted with are known for their social habits. Not social when it comes to getting »long with boys and girlsâ€" but social among themse‘ves. The horrets and wasps are very closely reâ€" lated to gach other and also are distant cougins of our honeyâ€"making bees. They live in colonies, whother these be in holes dug in the ground, on trees or under tlx eaves of a shed or house, From a softary life which the queen starts in spring, they develop into large numbers uriil fail, when most of them die and the surviving queens hide away for the winter. but social among themse‘ves. The _ At first the nest may look like a horreta and wasps are very closely reâ€" small parasol anchored to the l!imb of lated to gach other and also are distant a tree. As one storey is completed, cousins of our honeyâ€"making bees. together with its many hexagonal cells They live in colonies, whether these be for ho‘lding eggs and infants, the walls in holes dug in the ground, on trees ara extended; sand finally when the or under tlxea\'es of a shed or house. hornet‘s house is completed, the outâ€" From a softary life which the queen side wall or roof is brought together starts in spring, they develop into at the bottom, with only a small openâ€" large numbers uniil fall, when most of ing left as an entrance. The outer them die and the surviving queens, wall, or roof, is made of sheets of paâ€" hide away for the winter. per which often bear beautifw) markâ€" Fow foks fu.lly appreciate the real‘ings. The partition walls are united value of a hornet. There is the comâ€"|at various points and a number of mon whiteâ€"faced hornet, for instance, oblong airâ€"chambers are left. These â€"the largest member of our social are very important for the physical wasps. With the exception of buzzing welfare of the occupants. Each comb around our heads once in a while, of the hornet‘s nest resembles the nest there is liit‘le damage done by them. of a banded wasp, but the wasp bas Their food consists large‘y of insects.‘ but one storey, or platform, which is In fact, their habit of preying on pests : left open. like the houseâ€"fly classes them amon#> _ Both hornets and wasps pay much our most valuab‘e friends. A colouv attention to the rearing of their young. of hornets dweliing close to.a vcsiâ€" The babies are fed on a food known dence will so close‘y patrol the premâ€" as "pap" which is composed of the ises in search of houseâ€"flies that the, juices of fruits, insects and even raw owner may feel safe even without meat, Watermelons and cantaloupes screens in his doors and windows. But| are favorites foods, also berries and the timid soul would rather have flies fruits. Whenever you see a hornet than hornets. |light on a plece of fruit and then dart Hornets are intelligent creatures. In away with a small morse! in its tiny fact, long before man discovered the| insect mouth, you can be sure that the art of making paper, hornets chewed baby back home in the paper cradle wood pulp and mixed it with subâ€" will get something good to eat. stances similar to the sizing used in| If there is a hornet‘s nest near your the manufacture of our own pumb. kouge or barn, don‘t destroy it. Unâ€" day. Did you ever watch a mlhu folks lose their heade and strike build its nest? If not, keep an ey@) at wasps and hornets, they will do mo open andâ€"instead of chasing the Httlé harm. So be kind to the bornet and fellow away, watch it light on an old | do not bother lts nest, . ; . _ SUMMER STOVES FOR FARM KIICHENS OUR FRIEND, THE HORNET BY LUCILLE DAY, | By all means, choose a stove with "‘i | glant burner. The rapidity with which | |such a burner heats water is a great| 'convenience, and it is especially fine | ‘for jellyâ€"making and ironing. Forl 1ordimry cooking, transfer the kettle | to one of the small burners after the: {boiling point is reached, thereby savâ€"| | Iing fue!, The triangummp«f' cookâ€"| {ing utensils which come in sets of| | three and fit closely together over one iburner are also fuel savers. It is we‘d‘ | to remember that vessels kept free, | from soot heat more quickly than those| ‘hnving a sootencrusted bottom, such| Iu is sometimes found on teakettles. | FPOLLOW DIRECTION®. | _ Having decided upon a stove, have | the dealer show you all he knows about | | operating it before it is delivered, A| |book of directions comes with ¢every | stove, Study this book and carefu‘ly | follow all the "do‘s" and "don‘ts." In | one book of directions the manufacâ€"! turer frankly states that neither his| | stove nor any other make will bot {found foolproof, and urges the purâ€" | chaser to use a fair degrse of caution and intelligence in its operation. |_Never, never attempt to refill a} lighted kerosene or gasoline stove| without first turning off all the burnâ€"‘ ers and taking the tank outside (unâ€" less you are looking for trouble). True,| | you may get through without disaster| _ once or twice, but not always. Not]| any kind of stove will do good work| unless it is kept reasonably clean, rand| }you will find your summer stove no‘ ;oxcep_tion to the rule; in fact, euch| stoves require a greater degree of| !clenn‘.iness in order to function. Any' ikind of a summer stove (of a reliab'.o} make) will prove to be an ange! in disguise in assisting you in your ldb] | chen during hot weather. | in a coal or wood stove sometimes have! _ Aunt Katie found the young mother difficuity in using other methods,. If almost in tears, "My baby is so handlâ€" tl:.rrtabh oven is a good ons, interâ€"| capped," she confided, "the poor little Ii with asbestos so it retains the fellow has no nursery to himself and heat, this is soon remedied. Rememâ€"| we have no verandah where he can get ber to place the food as near the top fresh air. I have to dre«s and take of the oven as possible (as that is the him to the park every day no matter hottest part) instead of on the bottom what eise needs to be done. And as as you have been in the habit of doing. for those things they tell us to do at Also, turn on the heat for the oven so | the Mothers#‘ Club, a poor mother simâ€" that it will be hot about the time you| ply cannot afford to do half of them." will need it. A fHittle experience will) "It seems to me," Aunt Katie reâ€" goon determine the time needed for marked mildly, "that your baby is the oven to reach the desired temperâ€". ature and if there is a thermomotcr'. for indicating the degrees of heat, so, much the better, Use shallow pans. Heat can not easily reach the food when the sides of the pans are too. Keeping the oven running for sevâ€" eral hours will raise the temperature of your kitchen decidedly, so plan to do as much of dyom' baking at one time as r;i»ocdblo and not to light it unnecesâ€" sarlly. A small portable oven to be used on top of the stove will soon pay for Itself in fuei saved, even if your stove is provided with a large portable oven or one which is builtâ€"in, The paraffin which we use on the tops of jJelites may be made to urvo! again and again if when it is removed it is washed in cool water and storedl away in a dustless receptable. For! this storage nothing excels a small} granite pot. Having a lid, it keeps the | contents perfectly clean. When needed,| all that is necessary is to place the pot' over the fire a few minutes and then pour from its accurate little «pout, the melted paraffin. This absolutely limâ€"| inates all dripping and makes the usâ€"| ing of para?fin a pleasant, rather than | an annoying process. | 0| board roof, or on a weatherâ€"beaten fenceâ€"post. See how quickly it scrapes up the loose fibres in its jaws, and with the forefeet rolls them into a small bail. If there is a hornet‘s nest near your houge or barn, don‘t destroy it. Unâ€" less folks loge their heads and strike at wasps and hornets, they will do mo harm. So be kind to the bhornet and do not bother its nest. i F28 Paraffin Hints. destroy it. Unâ€" also causs rust. After wiping off al heade and strike of the kerosene very carefully, put o%. s, they will do no!om the parts, or wipe with an olly rag. o the bornet and| Crude oll is also very good to remove ONTARIO ARCHIVES TORONTO | "It seemse to me," Aunt Katie reâ€" marked mildly, "that your baby is ‘blessed in baving two strong young | parents. Of course it would bo nice |if you had a porch or a yard of your | own, but maybe the lack of them is a |blessing. Too often women put their babies out for fresh air and stay inâ€" doors to work. As it is, you have to go to the park and so get the : benefit of the Kuh air yourself. If | you take along a bit of sewing or a “,g:ok, the time is not wasted." | _ To Keep Dust Off Shoes. It is amazing how much dust will lcolloct in & day or so on a pair of | shoes that has been thrown carelessly into a corner of the closcet, In the case of shoes for ordinary year it | makes not quite so much difference, for they can be brushed off or polished in a few minutes; but those interded for dressy occasions shou‘d receive especial care. Dust is never good for shoes, and they do not look as wel! | after being cleaned with any preparaâ€" tion as they did before this was nece> 'nry; so it is best to keep them like ‘\new as long as possible. To Remove Rust. _ When any part gets rusty put keroâ€" sene on it, but be sure to wipe it off | after it has stood awhile. Kerosene is ‘useful in rewmoving rust, but it will "That is true," the mother nodded. "and I‘ve made several good friends at the park. Friends are hard to make in a big city." "All the books epprove of nurserâ€" ies," the young mother reminded. "Yes, but a nursery is generally unâ€" derstood to include a nurse, the mother part of the time, or at least other children." p "Did you see Eleanor‘s baby last time you went home?" Aunt Katie Inoutred. "Yes, and he is such a lifeless child. He does not seem interested in anyâ€" thing." "I have wondered," Aunt Katie mused, "if she keeps him alone in the nursery too much, Eleanor and Charles are «uch Mvely, interesting "I had not thought of that." "When taking a nap," Aunt Katle continued, "a n«fi\fld needs to be in m quiet place, but when he is o‘d enough to notice, I believe it is well for him to be where he can observe other peoâ€" ple when he cares to. When there are no older children for a baby to watch, he is not hurt by watching older peoâ€" ple when he is not busy playing with his toys or his toas." A good way to protect them from dust is to make a number of pairs of canton flannel "overshoes" with which to cover them. Cut these in two plecos the shape of stocking feet, with the seam lengthways through the centre of the foot. These covers should be large enough for the shoes to «lip in easi‘v, and should fold over at the tops. !f wisher, a snap or two may be attached to kaep them fastened. "You are right, Aurt Katie. Books recommending nurseries presuppose companionship there of some sort for the baby, part of th» time at leastâ€"of course many homes kave several chilâ€" dren. Really the thing I need to do is to adapt the nursery idea only as far as it fits my cireumstances. 1 rather suspect thet folowing this same pan with regard to the things they sugpest at the Mothers‘ Club will give me many good ideas for my baby. I bhave been trying to do things just as told to me, rather than finding the underlying ideas and mdapting them to my needs." If the covers are made ot differe: colors, it will be easier to identify t! ghoes within. If there is not room in the closet for a shoeâ€"shelf or box, get a piece of wood 4x4 inches and as long as noeded, and Grive nalls in it, letting the heads stand an inch or more above the surâ€" face. Have the nai‘s about five inches apart. Pasta~ this rtrip in the most suitable place in the closet, with the nalls almost against the wall and standing up. The heels of the shoes can be caught over the wood, and the possibility cf their falling can be preâ€" vented by small loops ettached to the heels of the covers and caught over If shos trees mre not used, when shoes are taken off, catch the heel in one hand and the toe in the other and straightan each sole, then smooth the vamps with the fingers, * If there is room in the closet, keep a part of one shelf for shoes; it is beatter for them to be up off the floor. A closed box is a good place for them, but the top should be made of wire and covered with some material that will keep out the dust, but allow venâ€" tilation. When putting shoes away, be certain they are clean and perfoctly dary. the nalls BY MINERVA HUNTER. been trying to do things just to me, rather than finding the ing ideas and adapting them