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King‘s Valet hag M He * bulk of #¢0â€"fuil © ~giment inâ€"Chie#, € special he Trin= k of the ho t He here must of therg, d not be ( be were He knows ibly, thar tants, form is He was d never 1 ships, Field rhiy a P ® d‘ e w 1 to ntil several Buckings airtight ‘nsignim win' he 64 Ce, bllec® wa‘le that gorb will aird ontainsg and is He h , public, used, fair, ~cheg in lregg‘t vÂ¥. t& to Ki arly 53 15 PORe answerâ€" o of hie Howlett, NOE ==e al busies# He He ces f the res cortamt hold im v WA tS, the at= may On« O% to * Moreover, the question remains to be answered whether there is any conâ€" nection between the aurora and these two layers. Radio messages take the shortest path,. When we sond a teleâ€" gram through the ether to Manila, the waves that carry the signals will, of course, travel in every direction, but those detected at Manila will have traveled along a great circle (always the shortest path on a globe), and hence by way of Alaska in those high latitudes where disturbances in ‘the re BHecting layers seem espocially likely Radio waves will be sent up vertiâ€" cally so that they may be reflected back. The time that it takes to hear an echo will make it possible to calcuâ€" late the height of the layer. By this method it has been discovered that there is not only a Kennellyâ€"Heaviside layer, which reflects the very long and moderately long waves from a height of perhaps sixty miles, but an upper layer, named after Professor Appleton, who studied it carefully, which sends back the short waves which are now being used in what is called beam transmission, as well as in other forms of transatlantic communication. Studies in the North ‘ It is supposed that ultraâ€"violet light trom the sun electrifies the upper Apâ€" pleton layer and that the properties of the lower Kennellyâ€"Heaviside layer are due to electrons. But suppositions are not knowledge. Hence the need of scientific study at Toronto and elseâ€" where. When Marconi, in 1901, sent signals standing for the letter "S" across the ocean, he proved that the waves follow the curvature of the earth. But why? Dr. Kennelly, now of Harvard, and Dr. Seaviside, an English mathematical physicist, showed independently that far above the carth there must be a layer of electrified particles which reâ€" fects radio waves to their destinations and makes it possible for them even‘ to travel around the earth. | When Marconi first decided to send wireless messages across the Atlantic, there were many physicists who were sure ho would fail. The globe is curved, it was argued. On the other hand light wavesâ€"and radio waves are only invisible light wavesâ€"dart forth in straight lines. It seemed logiâ€" cal to suppose that some of the radio wavesâ€"those sent out horizontallyâ€" would inevitably strike a curved hump not very far out in the ocean and never reach the other side at all. l There is the Kennellyâ€"Heaviside layer, for example. What is it? An invisible mirror of what is called lonized air surrounding the earth at a height of 60 to perhaps 150 milesâ€"a mirror without which there could be no radio communication over vast disâ€" tances. Science moves so rapidly that stud-I les will be made, during the Second| Polar Year, of phenomena which were‘ unknown a halft century ago. When the First Polar Year began, in 1332,, there was no radio; there had been no systematic exploration of the atmosâ€" phero by sounding balloons; there were no airships and airplanes flying over the Poles or anywhere else; and only a vague notion had come into beâ€" ing that sunspots had something to do' with our weather. In the development of new agencies of travel and com-“ munication, discoveries were made' that show how dependent is our tech-l mical progress on a bettor knowledge |. of the earth. ( Second Polar Year implies a First Polar Year. In 1875 Lieutenant Karl Weyprecht of the Austrian Navy, who had achieved some distinction as an arctic explorer, suggested that staâ€" tions be established in high altitudes and that at these the weather and the electrical and magnetic manifestations of the atmosphere and the solid crust be studied for a whole year by flclen-l tists of all nations. There had been no systematic observation of 'phen<] omena which, in Weyprecht‘s opinion, were worthy of as much attention in | the interost of humanity as the new' land that was claimed in the name of | an explorer‘s country. | "Second Polar Year" is the name by which this organized international et-l' fort is known. Despite the worldâ€"wide depression, some of the poorest conn-l tries have agreed to assume the exâ€" pense of sending out expeditions or en~’ gaging in work called for by the proâ€"’ gramâ€"evidence enough that the Sec~‘ ond Polar Year is an enterprise of the highest scientific importance. + Many Countries to Take Part The list of countries that will man stations in different parts of the world includes Argentina, Austria, Belgium, | Brazil, Bulgaria, Canada, Denmark, | Great Britain, Estonia, Falkland Isâ€"! lands, Finland, France, Germany, Hunâ€" . gary, Iceland, Italy, Japan, Mexico, | . Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Spnln,l‘ Sweden, Switzerland, and the Unlonf] 0f Soviet Socialist Republics and Turâ€"| f key. Even nations that do not appear* f o n this list are not indifferent to the q importance of the Second Polar Year.. t During this month scientists of thirtyâ€"three nations will officially beâ€" gin a systematic study of the earth‘s magnetism, atmospheric electricity, earth _ currents, auroral displays, weather and that intangible electrical mirror which is known as the Kenâ€" nellyâ€"Heaviside layer and which makes it possible for us to send radio mesâ€" sages around the world. l Studies_ to be Made Affecting Second Polar Year Interests All Nations Many Activities :) Soon the grim huntress spied another possible victim. This time ;1 it was a black and white animal with _’ a flaunting bushy tail, of a bresd : which she had never chanced to mect | before. The stranger did not crouch and run, but unconcer »d4‘y dug grubs " cut of a dead log, for the American | skunk fears neither man nor beast nor | bird. Its motto is: "Don‘t hurry ; ,, others will." A million years before ' the World War it learned the secrot of the gasâ€"attack. Like s flash of [darkness the great owl shot down | toward the unconcerned skunk. Swift , as was her sweep, the animal‘s deâ€" fense was swifter. Instantly thore ' shot upwards a cloud of corrosive gas, Ichoking as the rav fumes of amâ€" | rionia. The owl‘s eyes were blinded and her lungs strangled by the deadly vapor. Gasping and squawking she | retreated, while the skunk calmiy | vent on digging for grubs. Great | horned owls were nothing in its young | life. until with a frightered squawk she fell flapping into the air, protected no longer by the overhanging boughs. Before she could reach the ground the fierce bird was upon her, and her life went out under the owl‘s cruel claws. Then, turning back the feaâ€" thers of the fowl‘s breast, "the owl skinned it as neatly with herâ€"crooked Up and up the baffled bird soared, irtil the pure sky air drove out from her luags the last trace of the chokâ€" ing fumes, although her feathers would for many a long day bear the sign and scent of her defeat. High above the earth like a huge moth she drifted toward where the lamplight of a farmhouse showed warmm against the black cedars. As she neared the pace her keen ears caught the sleepy note of a turkey hen who had persistâ€" ed in roosting on a tree instead of in the barn. As the independent fowl settled down to sleep, a dark figure suddenly appeared on the limb beside her, and when she irew hor head out from under her wing she looked directly into a pair of baleful eyes. With a sharp "quit" the turkey moved away from the menacing bulk, only to find the dreadful stranger again close beside her. Inch by inch she was edged clear to the end of the branch, ’ For a time there was no sign nor | sound of life which .he sharp sight | and michrophonic ears of the horned | bird could detect. Then as she crossâ€" | ed a little clearing in the woods she | <pened her hooked beak and gave the | same menacing hoot which had shudâ€" cored through the air a few minutes l before. At the sudden sound two rabâ€" ; bits leaped high in the air and darted | tawards a tangle of green thorn,. If [they had kept still, not even the | vast black pupils of the owl‘s eyes | wou‘ld have seen them. Like a .",hndow‘ | the bird swooped; only the rabbits‘ nearness to the thicket saved them. ’As the powJer puff of the hindmost 'disappeared among lhe vines, the crooked talons of the owl gripped the ,empty air behiad it. Snapping her beak angrily, she curved up again ! and continued her hunting. | _ Toâ€"night, the female, the larger and more savage of the two, was winnowâ€" |ir.g the Barrens for the food which | her fierce blood craved. Like a shaâ€" | Samuel Scoville, Fr., Nature‘s Magaâ€" , zine (June, ‘32). "| _ As the last gleam of sunset faded, dl there came a brightness in the cast, â€": and a rim of raw gold showed above "" the edge of the world. For an instant ", the lonely Barrens lay still as sleep. "I "hen, as the full moon climbed the '-' sky, the wild, sweet melody of the * whippoorwill thrilled as if the moonâ€" li light itself had been set to music. But ! in the very middle of a note the singer "| stopped, as in the distance sounded: ‘| the ghostly call of the great horned : owlâ€""Whoo, hoo, hoo, hoo, ho9." â€"! Although it was faint and far away, l,an indescribable menace seemed to ‘| thkrill through the weird notes. A few | moments later, across the moonlight ‘ | drifted a shadow from whose depths | two dreadful eyes flared like fire.l | The next instant a great owl, some | two feet high, sat perched on a dead | limb of a sweet gum which overhung ’ the water. Its plumage was a blendâ€" |ing of black and gray and tawny, |with a broad white collar, while an ,angle of black feathers on its foreâ€" | head gave a scowling effect to the ‘bird's glaring eyes. At the bottom | of a large hole in the treeâ€"trunk her | mate brooded two white eggs the | size of a hen‘s egg but nearly round. dow of death she drifted above the treeâ€"tops, her earâ€"tufts showing like horns, while her broad wings muffled with soft down were noiseless. to occur. Not only science but the Ibnlnen man accustomed to send radio messages to distant countries is therefore likely to profit by the re | searches that will be conducted in this Second Polar Year. I want you to know. I want you know! â€"â€"Martha Banning Thomas. 1 want to tell you the hay is strown Under the curve of a knifeâ€"edged moon ; I want you to know that the clover smells In a reeling fragrance that sinks and swells As the wind comes up from the sea below, And the boughs of the spruce swing to and fro. | Night Marauder to Little Betty was sitting with her mother in church during the wedding of her elder sister. Halfway through the ceremony she noticed mother shedâ€" ding the matornal tears usual on such occasions, and whispered wonderingâ€" ly: ."Why are you crying, mummy? It‘s not your wedding!" With never a sound the great owl swooped into her nest. That night just as the whippoorwill called in the early dark, something, for which she had waited long and cagerly, stirred against her fierce heart. All that night the new life beneath her feaâ€" thers pulsed and struggled, until as the dawn came into the sky two downy white owlets freed themselvcs from the imprisoning shells and, panting ai+ quivering, nostled against the soft breast of their grim mother, who gazed down at them adoringly. l Swift and silent as the intruder‘s wotions had been, they had not esâ€" caped the watchful eyes of the male owl, roosting in a nearby pine. Just as the pointed head was about to disâ€" appear within the hole, there was a flash of wings and the snake‘s brownâ€" andâ€"white body was writhing in the _owl‘s punishing â€" talons. Doubling upor itself the snake rattled its glottis to imitate exactly the sound ol in: rattles of a timber rattlesnake. There are few living things that will interfere with a snake of that size scunding the deathâ€"note of the great pitâ€"viper. But as a matter of fact the pine snake has no fangs, and his pretense was but a poor protection agzainst the grim bird in whose talons he struggled. The owl made â€"short vork indeed of the harmless bluffing pine srake.. By the time the female owl returned all that was left of the invader were short lengths of neatly dressed, firm white meat. This is theâ€"season for Miller who wants to make While she was thus pleasantly enâ€" saged, the owl castle in the treeâ€"top was threatened. Aroused by the earty hsat a sevenâ€"foot pine snake wound its way among the thickets on a stillâ€" hunt for food. When the snake reachâ€" ed the foot of the owlâ€"tree, it seemed to sense the presence, high above it, of a nest of eggs and instantly began to climb the trunk, seemingly without an effort, almost in a straight line. _ A few days after the farmâ€"yard â€" raid came one of those sudden hot days found in every spring. The | brooding owl, in her winter coat of feathers, gasped for breath as the temperature within the gumâ€"tres rose steadily. At last she could bear it no louger. Warning her mate, with a doubleâ€"hoot, to watch the nest, she | flew down the stream until she reachâ€" ed a concealed cove. There, in the !dusk of the dropping trees, she sat l‘ke a brown stump . ; the water‘s !edge, staring inscrutably into its depths. At last, as if called by the ‘spell of that fixed gaze, a large catâ€" fish rose through tke brown water. I Slowly as the minute hand of a clock the black body floated upward till i was scarcely six inches below the surâ€" }face. Then with a pounce like the uncoiling of a spring, the owl‘s left foot ripped through the water and clamped its claws irto the smootk back of the fish. Shedding its slugâ€" gishness like a mask, the black swimâ€" mer struggled desperately, lashing the water with its long smooth tail while its enormous mouth opened and clcsed. Flapping her wings, the owl tugged with all her sinewy strength, and, little by little, raised the strugâ€" gling bulk out of the water and dracâ€" ged it into the thic: ect, where she feasted. beak as a man could with a knife, and came back to her nest fullâ€"fed. the â€"season lor'oceax; flights and here we see Kivy Kalep wants to make a recor_d‘ n}‘ht from New York to Greece. Another Transâ€"Atlantic Aspirant Love is never without its shadows of anxiety. We have this treasure in earthen vessels. | Ray The Schminkus detonating _ ray, sometimes called the "death ray," the invention of a young German, can exâ€" plode at a distance ammunition dumps, cartridges, bombs, hand grenades, sea mines, and all similar material in which explosives are used. The ray is expected to make all side arms, maâ€" chine guns and cannonuseless, as the ammunition can be exploded inside the weapons. The same will apply also to airplanes and tanks, it is beâ€" lieved. Heâ€""As long as another job." Sheâ€""You don‘t a vacation did you Heâ€""I wasn‘t going to take any vacation this summer but the boss insisted." The Schmin_lfus Detonating The young Earl of Egmont, son of Alberta back in Calgary among the hometown folks and cowboy contests. Young Earl of Egmont Arrives Back Home get?" it takes to find say? How long DEATH 3 % Death is not a break in existence; it is but an intermediato circumâ€" stance, a trapsition from one form of our finite existence to another.â€" Baron Humboldt. son of Alberta‘s late rancher earl REFLECTION Unreflective minds possess thoughts only as a jug does water, by conâ€" taining them. In a disciplined mind knowledge exists like vital force in the physical frame, ready to be directed to tongue, or hand, or foot, hither, thither, anywhere, and for any use desired.â€"S. Coley, chickens." The height of ability consists in a thorough _ knowledge of the â€"real value of things, and of the genius of the age in which we live. To know when to conceal our ability requires no small degree of it. "Suburbanites are divided into two classes." "How‘s that ?" "Those who think they know how to raiso childron and those who think they know how to raise Welcome _ disappointment! Thy hand is cold and hard, but it is the hand of a friend. Thy voice is stern and harsh, but it is the voice of a friend. _ Oh, there is something sub.. lime in calm endurance, something sublime in the resolute, fixed purâ€"| pose of suffering without complaln-‘ ing, which makes disappointment ofâ€" ten better than success.â€"l;ongfe!lnw,! The â€" critical cricket _ critic of Cricklewood criticised the cricket. They tried to tempt the tattered tramps to take the toothsome tarts. Where‘s the Frenchman‘s larthir:g Francis Fribble figured on? If Hugh chooses tubes of jufies, which will Hugh choose? Will Hugh choose this huge tube?" Here is a nice long tongueâ€"twister for you to try to say six times quickâ€" ly. You are sure to get in a muddle. Timothy _ Thrinkum . Thrankum threaded 3,333 thick and thin thistle threads. If _ Timothy _ Thrinkumâ€" Thrankum threaded 3,333 thick and thin thistle threads, where are the 3,333 thick and thin thirstle threads that Timothy Thrinkumâ€"Thrankum threaded ? Here is a tongue twister to try to say. _ Of course, it is easy to say once, and slowly, but see how you get on saying it fast lots of times. He picks up the pitchers and pitches down the pictures. And now try this one: Shirley sells seaside shells. ‘ #"a*~~* ~ jÂ¥ = sB m . a6>~ A Pnd M Rlad: : p I \NP aN+ "**% * > C \\ L SAQ\ J\&"'R' DISAPPOINTMENT ongue Twisters ABILITY 3 late rancher earl, is is seen here at recent on the cabinet when he took it back!" as in the world "I want to buy a wireless sot on the instalment plan," said the ousâ€" tonier. _ "Yes, madam," replied the client; "can you give us references?" "Oh, yes; the last dealer we bought The possession of great powers no doubt carries with it a contempt for mere external show.â€"Garfield. TWO woORros The heaviest words in our langâ€" uage are the two ibriefest onjes, yes and no. One stands for the surâ€" render of the will, the other for denial; one for gratification, the othâ€" er for character.â€"Theodore T. Munâ€" ger. If thou wouldst read a lesson that will keep Thy heart from fainting, â€" and thy soul from sleep, Go to the woods and hillsâ€"no tears Dim the sweet look that Nature wears. â€"J anofallaw And the lost opportunity That cometh back no more to thee, In vain thou weepest, in vain dost yearn, Those three will nevermore return. â€"Constantina E. Brooks. If thou art, worn and hard beset With sorrows that thou wouldst for The spoken word so soon forgot By thee; but it has perished still In other hearts ‘tis living still, And doing work for good or ill. Remember, three th back : The arrow sent upor It will not sweryve, it Its speed; it flleg to ; ° *8. The magnetic survey revealed ‘the presence of a shallow shattered area contairing meteoric material Inbove the deeper and more concenâ€" trated zone, indicated by the electrical 8t »vey," "The first hole, placed in the centre of the favorable arca indicaied :y the geophysical survey, ran into the zone containing meteoric fragmonts at a d.upth of 414 feet. At 675 feet further progress was halted as the drill be-} came lodged in the upper part of the more _ concentrated meteoric zone.' _ The existence of the metcoric material was further proved by analyses which | showed the presence of nickel. "The second drill hole, as far as it kas been carried out, revealed similar cunditions to the first. l "These results are evidence of the| reliability of modern methods of gooâ€" physical prospecting. In the field of ordirary â€" miniag exploration, â€" the problems rarely present such difficulâ€" tr‘es. Such geophysical sludies will secure subsurface geologic data that can be obtained in no other way, ex-] cept at prohibitive sost." [ "1. Geological examination shoawed that the crater was meteoric rather than due to a stcam explosion. It disclosed evidence that the meteorite still existed at depth in the southwestâ€" ern part of the crater. Geologic eviâ€" dence placed the age of the crater to be measurable in terms of thousands of years, probably apout 50,000. "2. The eloctrical survey located the meteorite in the so ithwestern part of the crater, and indicated it to cunsist of a shallow fragmentized zme, surrounding a more concenâ€" ‘rated main mass occurring at an efâ€" fective depth of 700 Jeet nelow the present crater floor. P "The origin of the crater has for many years been the subject of disâ€" cussion. Two theories have been reâ€" garded as the most probable explanaâ€" tion. The first, not proved correct, held cha‘ the crater as formed by a meteorite, or swarm of meteoric maâ€" terisl, striking the earth at high veâ€" locity, and burying itself. The other theory held that the crater was a result of a ‘steam‘ explosion, attriâ€" buted to the accumulation of hot soluâ€" tions or gases." ‘ Brisfly, the reports gave the survey results as follows: ter has lo and is vi of people ter and 600 feet deep. The d is surrounded by the crater stands about 160 feet above eral level of the plat.au. Me "Meteor Crater, which lies in the high plateau of northern Arizona, about twenty miles southwest uf Winsâ€" low, is a bowlâ€"shaped, almost circular depression about 4,500 feet in diameâ€" Reliable estimates place the cost of this search at more than $500,000. Recently, Meteor Crater Mining & Exploring Company, the present opâ€" erators, drilled for the meteor at locaâ€" tions recommended as a result of studies conducted during the summer of 1930. These drilling operations have proved the correctness of the results. 20â€"Year Over of Crater Placed at 50,000 Years For more than twenty years search has been directed toward location of the buried meteorite at Meteor Crater, near Winslow, Arizona. getâ€" has long been a M GREAT PoWEer . IN THE woops »unded by the crater rim that about 160 feet above the genâ€" el of the platcau. Metcor Cruâ€" long been a Mcoeca for tourists visited annually by thousands THREE THiINGs ear Search ’ Latest Titâ€"Bits Reveals Meteor, From S. America .$5.°°-0~00T Spentâ€"Age ‘ _ Buenos Ajres â€"After a period of upon its track th'ng. come ONTARIO ARCHIVES will not stay wound or slay The depression Iworld. If a man would prove hg right to be in the world, he mus 'llo- tm Mll in his place as well Having a place in the world is one thing, but being in one‘s place in the. world is quite anothor tbhing. There is a place for every man, but not every man is in his pla_c,. And the man who is out ofhis place in the world *is out of place in the _And what companies are they?" "Well," said the actor, "there‘s the electric light company, the gas comâ€" pany, and the telephone company." _If you want me at all," said the actor, "you‘d better put me on the A man applied to a famous film nflucor for a super‘s job considered unassailable both â€" quality and cost of production ing day and night to keep up with the demand. Much of the future prosperity of Argentina depends, howâ€" ever, on cattle and agriculture, and at present all eyes are on the Otâ€" tawa conference, and the possible outâ€" come of the "economic imperialism" of Great Britain, by which tariffs may be imposed on Argentine beef, wheat and wool, to the advantage of British colonies trading with Great Britain. However, Argentina â€" is able to produce these products far cheaper than any other country in the world, with exception of Russia, and as regards beef, her position #s a comparative optimism in businesa circles, There are also facts and figures that confirm these first imâ€" pressions, such as the official trade figures for the first four months of 1932, which show a favorable trade balance of $114,020,485 â€" Argentine gold. Also local industries conâ€" tinue to forge ahead, most noticeabts among these being the cotton spinâ€" ning industry, some factories workâ€" _ was in force, the consensus admits ‘that Argentina has at last a stable government which is tackling the ‘problenu in hand with a determina. |uon unprecedented in the annals of | the Argentine Congress. The budâ€" get, new taxation laws and patriotle | loan bill, have all been dealt with , with astounding rapidity, which has |glven rise to the hope that lengthy debates are things of the past. Durâ€" ing ‘the ordinary sessions in the Chamber of Deputies, there was a re. markable concord of opinions and m total ahsence of mud slinging for 'whlch the Argentine Congress was _so renowned in the past. Comparative Prosperity Argentina is one of the few South American countries that have not doâ€" faulted on their foreign debt ser vices, and there seems to be a firm determination in Congress to con tinue this honorable tradition. There is an everâ€"increasing flow of trafic, continued building _ activity both of factories and business premises, and "It a man who risked all in an endeavor to awaken the country from a lethâ€" argy that had enveloped it during the malaministrations of two former regimes, and although many mis. takes were made during the cighteen months the provisional government The conviction js gaining ground that in time General Uriburu, Argenâ€" tina‘s exâ€"Provisional President, will be recognized as one of the country‘s greatest patriots. Jt is felt he was to the Salon Muller on inauguration day. ItQ‘ pect, one of its best features being the long string of "oneâ€"man shows" by foreign artists who exhibit their paintings in small pcture galleries in this fashionable _ street. The first exhibitions this year are by some of the most successful presentday artists. _ ‘There is a display of color woodcuts by the Austrian artist, Mrs Bresslern Roth, mostly of animals treated in a delightful decorative style; an exhibition of Oriental pic. tures by the Polish artist Adam Styka, whose excellent handling of sunshine effects strikes a sympathetic note among the inhabitants of sunny Argentina, and an exhibition of the works of the Japanese artist Fouâ€" gita, which brought a record crowd cess of an opera season in a cosmoâ€" politan city like Buenos Aires. Among the singers are some of the young er artists who have made rapid strides during the last few years, as well as a good sprinkling of Argentine sing. ers who have lately qualified to sing in the "first theatre of the Ropublic." With the advent of winter, Calle Florida resumes its interesting asâ€" ten matinees and aight Saturday functions. _ The program is necesâ€" sarily restricted by the smaliness of the budget authorized, but happily the operas are well chosen to sult many tastes and nationalities, which is the chief requisite for the sucâ€" Buenos Aires.â€"After a period of uncertainty as to the continuance of Argentine Opera, the municipality finally decided to finance the Colom Opera for another season, There will be sixteen gala performances, A PLACE IN THE WORLD Recognition Por Uriburu ALL THE RAGE Calle Florida Art Shows fuF |£