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Rural Libraries. It will not be enough to send back the unemployed to cultivate the soil; we must take steps to keep them there, to make them contented with their new situation. and to put In end to the idee ot returning to urban cen- " " soon u the present crisis is Inished. This is here the run! lib. rary come. in to " an important role. Very may of those who here left the town to to heck to the term have ec- enired the habit of reedm, end will quite naturally went to so on "ttstr/ m that mm. How on they g6inq tel do no it they he" not. easily eccen- Trumpet-tailor: by Arooplane. The manner in which are machines are commencing to invade not only passenger travel, but also mail service was recently made manifest in the Old Land. From Croydon aviation tteid a giant liner left on route tor India with 24 people, some freight and let- ters having a total weight or nearly 3 ton. The incident passed almost with. out comment. but it was nevertheless very signiitcant.-Branttord Expositor. A Difficult Question. A property owner in this city has been compelled to ask municipal relief because he can ttnd no work and can- not pay his taxes and mortgage inter- est. He has ilve houses, including his own. but his tenants are in the same plight " himself. Rather than evict them and install new tenants who would pay him, he has asked tor tem. porary help from the city. Will those who object to granting it tell the city what they would do in such a eager.-. London Advertiser. Family Settlement. So far. very few families have been taken from relief lines in the city ant placed on farms where they have an opportunity to become seltopport- ins. " is necessary to go to Manitoba to set a better View ot what can be done. Alberta will do well it its an- thorities expand the back to the land scheme here also. as a part ot the 1933 relic! program. Every tamily tUtnty on its own and permanently " rolls! in a real ndvance toward the Inn] diminution ot unemployment.--. Edmonton Journal. m The substantial number of persons applying at county centres for Can» dian naturalization is such as to at- traet general notice. but probably few (-itlzens realize the increase which hat actually taken place in the past few years. In the ttseat year ending in! March, 32.517 aliens obtained naturall- zatiun in Canada. This total is I Mt per cent. increase over that tor the prwedlng year, which was only 21,392. In 1929-30 it was about the same " 2!.221 and in the preceding year was only 13,090. In all the years mention. only 13,090. In all the years mention. ed. a great majorlty obtained naturall- Inlion through the county courts; In fart, the number dealt with under other sevtiuns of the Act has been de- creasing trom year to year. and in 19314:: was only 9.'l3.---Wootutock Sen- prim of shoes. .r.r..w. Three new mines in Ontario producing gold. ..r..rm. Bur. tttttt of Statistics announcing we have 74 radio sets per 1,000 people. All this in a dar-ottawa Journal. of the Bank ot France. ........ Premier Bennett dining with Rudyard Kipling, describing him as "Poet Laureate ot Empire." ...rw... Belgium and France tor. ming new Governments. ...-... The po. lish Minister to Washington explaining why Poland can't pay. ........ Amy John. Ion failing to make a record on 1 South Africa to London night. ........ Mussolirtiahreatenintt Jugoslavia. ........ Sir George Periey olering New South Wales Canadian buuaio. .'rrrmm. England announcing that her birth rate has de. clined. .rr.wrr. A New York geophysicist discovering a new method to detect minerals. .._. Fr' Canadian wheat exports touching a new high. ..__.... Manutaetl urers announcing an increase in the) " MU On the Gold Standard. farmer with a ten-acre woodlot couple of husky boys has a gold haw days.-Exeter Titnes-Adro. Naturalization Record Port Hope-Commenting on a rec- ent deepetch that a mail driver had travelled 153,000 miles, William Beat. tr, veteren driver at R.R. No. 2, Port Hope to Bewdley, points out that he he! been in the service for " were and has travelled 170,810 miles in de- livering His lustre mail. For 10 veer: he bu driven e at and before that used e hone-drawn vehicle. Wittnipeg.-Finding that cattle hides could not even be given away, a Ukrainian settlement in Alberta plans to establish a tannery and a shoe factory in the near future, G. W. Slkevich told an audience here in the course or his report on a tour ot the prairle provinces. speaking on emigration. The process ot manufac- turing shoes from raw hides to one with which Ukrainians are thoroughly familiar in their homeland. Melbourne, Australia. - Leaders ot the meat industry in Australia said last week their itrma were busier than at any time in the past 14 years and attributed increased activity to operation ot the Australian-United Kingdom trade pact, signed last sum- mer at the Ottawa Economic Confer. ence. They said improvement ot prices in their British market was worth £900,000 annually to them and that increase in home prices was worth an additional £5,775,000. The capital value ot all Australian cattle and sheep, they estimated, was £30,000,000 greater now than before the trade agreement was signed. AMERICAN. Gandhi's Contribution. It was Gandhi, however, with his ascetic posturing, his quaint dishabille and his goat, that led the world to a better understanding ot the Indian pro. blem. that was what he said he wish. ed to do; but the understanding is lit. tie to his liking. The world now under- stands that British rule in India is more nearly right. just and tolerant, than had been supposed before Gam dhi staged his 'show-oth-iaith, Times. Australian Meat Industry Has Improved, Say Leader Tommy's New Kit. The new equipment is lighter and better arranged than the old, so that a soldier in full marching order may feel less like a human furniture van. But his looks! Gone is “spit and polish," gone sartorial harmony and the appeal to the young female heart. The comments of the editor ot the Tailor and Cutter, which we have seen. are coustic. Those ot the adJutan'o and sergeant-majors ot the old school, which we hare heard, are unprintabie. --New Statesman and Nation (Lon- don). British Films In Trinidad Now that British tilm makers seem to hare abandoned that insular outlook which made their pictures too foreign tor the tastes ot other countries, there is every chance, provided other tae. tors ot box oilice success remain pre- sent. ot their capturing a great and constantly expanding market in the Caribbean, just as they have expanded it in other parts of the Empire. Next year they are promised a quota to aid them in this Colony. Perhaps a quota is not necessary. At least, it can be looked upon rather as a reward tor their efforts, than as a protection tor their tilms.--Trinidad Guardian. The Egyptian State Railways Ad. ministration has at last reaped the re. ward of enterprise. It has made dras- tie reductions in fares and trelghtage along various routes, and the resulting revenue has produced startling figures. in lowering the treightage between Suez and Cairo from 140 piastres to 75 piastres per ton, a forty-day period ot receipts Jumped from f E 265 to fl E. 2,8t9.--C'airo Sphinx. To Make Own Shoes 170,810 Mile Record Lomion.--Princesss Etizatie"th's play. house, which the people ot Wales gave to her, has been fitted with water and electricity. It is on the grounds ot the Royal Lodge at Windsor Great Park, the new ountry home ot the Duke and Duchess ot York, tttsr par- ents. Pelping, C"hltta.--Henry Pu-Yi, Re. gent ot the State ot Manchukuo, and once the "Boy Emperor" ot China, is to have the best Chinese cookery in his extensive mansion at Changchun. It was disclosed when eight cooks and a number ot assistants left for the new capital. All of the cooks were in the em. ploy ot the former Chinese imperial household. Princess' Playhouse - .Fitsed WitMpplia-nm A surplus estimated at 5.000.000 lbs. created a serious pituation a month ago. In co-operation with the grow- ers, thé Government took steps to ar. oid flooding the market and causing a drastic decline in prices. Regent of Manchukuo Has Eight Expert Cooks Toronto.--Hon, T. L. Kennedy. Mitt. ister of Agriculture for Ontario, re- turning trom an all-day motor tour ot the tobaeco-growing districts of the province, reports that the alarming cropsurpius situation ot a few weeks ago is now largely dissipated. No more than 1,000,000 pounds of unsold tobacco now remains in the farmers' hands, he said. The speaker, Andrew Thomson of the Meteorological Service of Canada reported on "polar front" theory of the Norwegian physicist, Bjerkness. According to Mr. Thomson, investi- gations in Europe of this "polar front" system are proving st.ccessfu!. "It may soon be possible to predict the hours at which the weather will change," he said. Toronto-Possibility that within the near future the weatherman in Canada may be able to forecast rain at four p.m. tomorrow instead of pos- sible showers during the latter part of the day was brought to the attem. tion of the Royal Astronomical " eiety of Canada here last week. Accurate Prediction Of Weather Conditions? N. C. Kelkar of Poona, India, ar- rives at Buckingham palace, Lon. don, as the king receives the In- dian round table conference de. legates. Tobacco Surplus Reduced Sir Charles Kingston! Smith. recently knighted Amtnlmn airman h ahoire, here In the role or mentor when members ot the Sydney model aeroplane club gathered About to quantum hm. Kingsford Smith Answers All Questions M'Curtain, okla.-Choctaw Indians in this vicinity have banded together to learn the white man’s modern meth. ods ot farming. Thirty-eight Choctaw men and women are members ot the first adult Indian farm club organized among the Five Civilized Tribes. P. B. Durant was elected president. The club’s work is supervised by W. C. Smith ot the Indian Bureau's farm ex- tension division, and his assistants. Owned by its employees, the system is one of the few tram lines on the continent showing a profit. But it was not always outstanding. For years it kept up with the best-mr worst - ot them in the money-losing business. It was just about a year ago that the employees, facing unemployment when the Cape Breton Electric Com. pany went into liquidation, pooled their savings and bought the rolling Mock and operating rights ot the com. pany. There were thirtrthree in the group. Indians Study The newspaper "Zwoeitahr Blatt", sald General Balbo, who led an Italian air squadron across the South Atlantic two years ago, would “start" the 20 planes ott from Italy and that General Aldo Pellegrinl would be in command. muu runegrlm would be in command. The Chicago tiight was expected to take two months, with eleven Mops en route. Sydney, N.&--The value ot co-op- eration was emphasized when Cape Breton Tramways, Ltd., announced a 10 per cent. salary increase effective immediately. Captain ron Gronau. who had a long conference with General Balbo, a visi- tor here, made stops in Iceland, Green. land, Labrador. and at tho cities of Montreal, Ottawa, Detroit and Chicago when he began his. world tiight which ended last month. -.--H Berlln.--General Italo Balbo, Italian Minister ot Aviation, diselosed in a recent interview that the mass iilght ot twenty Italian planes to Chicago next spring will toll0v the northern air route taken by Captain Wolfgang von Gronau. German round-the-world flyer. Rail Line Shows Profit Afttr3mployees Buy It AIIDIHEF attractive issue is a series issued in Latvia illustrating the con- quest of the air from mythology to the present day ttring liners. The United States, with the Wash. lngton bi-centennial series and the Olympic Games Stamps, has also tak. en toll ot the collectors' pockets. Gt. Britain, however, has issued no new stamps since 1929. Italians To Follow Northern Route in Spring Italy. too, has been guilty ot keep- ing the stamp printing presses running and has followed the series of 20 stamps to commemorate the tenth tur. nlversary of the march on Rome. Another attractive issue is a series Some of the commemorative intros no on sale only tor a day and stomp collectors pay an annual tribute ot about £1.000000 to the vol-ions Gov. ernments in Europe alone. Next year. for example. the Russian Government will publish nine Cotnmetttoratire la- ys. The stamps will be issued to ark the titteenth anniversary of the creation ot the Red Army, the ttttieth anniversary ot the death of Karl Marx, the murder of the 26 Communists " Baku, the murder ot Uritsky, the foun- dation ot the Order ot the Red Ban- ner, and so on. This sort ot thing costs collectors money. Parts-Professional and amateur stamp collectors from all parts ot the world lre sending protests to the In. terttatiomu Postal Union “that the printing ot too may commemorative stun”. They point out that to be or any value collection: must be complete and must Contain each ot I series. Sumps, in tact. are a source of con- siderable revenue tor Government: since there are millions ot collectors. Profusion of Sump. Mddern Farming It was no revolutionary proceedi..g to equip the Conte di Savoia with gy- roscopes. Some forty vessels, most ot them yachts owned by men who would never go to sea it the price of ocean luxury were illness produced by rol- ling, have gyro-stabilizers. The Conte di Savoia is merely the first passenger liner to be provided with stabilizers ot the gyroscopic type. Breathing Electrified Air. Some air seems to be ot more bene- fit than other air, not because it is free from smoke but because, like rad- ioactive water, it has properties pecul- iar to itself. In an address which he delivered before the Franklin Institute ot Philadelphia. Dr. Lewis R. Holler attributed these to ionization. In other words, air is electrititsd. Some ot its atoms have an electron remov- ed. The loose electrons dash about. seeking mined atoms which they can repair, and the ruined atoms become tremendously excited until they have made good their loss. Radium, x. rays, the cosmic rays. ultraviolet light from the sun, lightning-ttum, are but As soon as the Conte di Savoia starts to roll. the plane ot rotation ot the gyroscopes is disturbed. Their vertical axes tip forward. or precess. The efteet is to counteract the increase in buoyancy on the side ot the an tproaching wave. It is Just as it a weight were shifted from one side ot the ship to the other-Nat enough weight to offset the roll. However, in this case one nicely adjusted force is opposed to another force. to feel the wave and Mart to tilt. to feel the wove and start to tilt. Moreover, when it has started to tilt its inertia may keep it moving. This is one reason why exerts to use the gyroscope in Germany before the war were not a complete success. The late Elmer Sperry hit on the ingenious idea of using a small control gyroscope to tell the by gyro what to do and when. in other words. the control trgsl roscopc. being small, responds to the, beginnings ot a roll almost instantly.‘ Through an automatically started ?e-) trlc precession motor the response is communicated to the big gyroscope. Hence the big gyro begins to process sooner than it would it it had tirgt to; overcome its own sluggishness. 1 The reason why three gyroscopesl with three smaller controls can steady] the mighty Conte di Savoia is to be found in the very nature ot wave action. One wave does not make a ship roll. It takes a succession ot waves to do so. Hence, it the first; sign of a roll can be checked there is} no cumulative etteet to overcome. In. stead ot rocking from side to side the huge ship rises and falls slowly while the waves pass under her. These treaisiekmstrts-prtmsetting subl- lizers are like ordinary tops in prin- ciple, except that they are mounted in bearings, which are fastened to the ship's frame. As long us it spins fast enough any top stands upright. Try to push it over and it wobbles as it slowly recovers itself. That is, its ver- tical axis describes a wide circle which grows smaller and smaller until the top stands upright again. The wahble is called the top's precession. The Top Principle Applies. The top stands up because. like every rapidly rotating body, it resists any force that tends to disturb its plane ot rotation. Mount 9. top or trr- roscope on a vehicle with only two wheels arranged in tandem. The ve- hicle will stand up so long as the top is spinning. Push the vehicle over and the spinning wheel will bring it back to an upright position. l This Week’s Offerings of Science Device That Steadies a Ship At Sea The new Italitut liner Canto di 8.- Tttia displaces 48,000 tons. Yet three spinning tops or tirnrttee1s weighing 660 tons or a little less than 1.6 per cent. ot her total dltrpucement, con- trol her perfectly. Moreover. they do this with an expenditure of not more than 1,900 horsepower, or 1.5 per cont. ot the horsepower of the main engines. Gyro-Stabilizer Prevents Roliine--Aid to Seasick Passengers --Electrifring Air Indoors-New Creaoelesl Rayon TORONTO SWEDEN CUTS LUXURY IMPORTS I 'toehhoittt.--mremn imported " pie cent. leu luxury urticlel from Juno to September this year than in the same period of 1981. But import; of necessities showed an increase. ae. cordlnc to n artalrtsia by the Swedish Board at Trade. ' _ men: originally val due GGini, when It wu pontoonod. . ----H v... .v-vulll. Munich, Pnanattr-AntrounoenrGi was made here that payment to the United States, ot $7,500,000 remaining on the Bavarian nun: than M m" _ . F-ee .-............ on the Bavaria state debt ot 1927 but been postponed tor mother ttix month, at 6 per cent. interest. Pay- III-n. A.._1_-u, - - - _r_--'-. v-v-uvu: on the day before ,Christrntus, Mutin- lquo is the island on which the Eln- preu Josephine ot France was born and brought up. L Bavaria', Debt to U.S. .i.tfoeirsned Six Months Kltchener.-A new 013me weigh: lifting record. the lightweight two- hand class and jerk lift, was made by Jack Russell ot the London Y.M.C.A. in the recent Ontario weight lifting championships at the Kitchener Y.M. CA. Russell raised 260 pounds in this lift to surpass the previous mnrk ot Atari Barbeau ot Montreal, which was 244 pounds. The London boy easily won the championship in his class with a total ot 600 points. Norm " ler ot the Toronto Central "Y." was second with 540, and Harry Moule all Among the test objects was a mini- ature blimp, one half ot which was impregnated. When the tire was star- ted, the unprotected portion blazed away in a thrice, the impregnated halt, shut at by a bulkhead, also impregnat- ed, remaining entirely unscathed and kept the whole structure afloat. New Canadian Record BeNin.---A chemical first preventive, invented by Dr. Arthur Eichgruen. the inventor ot artit1eia1 silk and the in. fltunmatiort-retriistinr ”cellon." bids air Judging trom the tests. to rid aviation ot one of its hazards. Wood and tex. tiles, even the most delicate. appenr to become notrcotnbtltstitrte on impre- gation with the new solution. This acts in such a way that on the - pronch ot the name it sets tree gases which extinguish it. From the accounts that have reach- ed this country the resin permeates the fiber through and through. The mere coating of the fabric. in accord- ance with waterproofing principles. will not do. How is the eifect obtain. ed to be explained? Not by a tttiftett. tng ot the fiber. Apparently the resin enters minute pores and imparts, a cer. tain resiliency, so that when bent or crushed the tiber springs back to its original shape. Natural tibere can also be treated with synthetic resin to in. crease their resistance to wrinkin: and eruslting.--Waldemar Kaempifert in The N.Y. Times. From Manchester, England, comes the news that rayon is to be treated with synthetic resin and thus render. ed creaseless. The resin is synthesized from carbolic acid (phenol) end tors malhehyde. We are familiar with it in the form ot tripetstetms, table tops, handles for knives and the like. Four. teen years ot laboratory research are said to lie behind creaseless rayon. Increased Air Safety Seen In New Fire Preventive A foundation has been laid for the air-conditioner by Professor Dessauer ot Frankfort. who has been treating the sick with high and low concentra- tions of ions. Striking results are said to have been obtained in cases ot neu- ralgia. high blood pressure. bronchitis, neuritis and gout. Some apparatua like Dressauer's will probably be adopted by engineers to ionile the treated air of dwellings and auditoriums. What with ultraviolet lumps to tan us indoors. and ions to electrlty the " and make it at to breathe, Indoor life becomes more complex than ever. open. Certainly it is not enough to supply a room with " that is merely washed and that is merely of the pro- per temperature and humidity. The air must have 'tite." And it is iottig- tion that imparts lite. n few of the tonne of energy that ionixe nir- Air in tt room is less prone to be ioniud than lit in the open. Ordinor! window gloss cuts " the unto-violet light. Lightning, of course. is _atr.ent. X-nye are scattered about only in hospitals and physicians' omen end ore then carefully enclosed " lead. lined walls, ceilings and Mora. - possible precaution seems to be token indoors to prevent this ionisation or electritietttiott ot nir. Dr. Koller eug- geets that the tsir.conditionert' may have to eiectrify the artittcitU otmos- phere that they create in order to re- produce the exhiliaratlon tint camel when we take a deep breath in the Creaselsu Cray-u. ,7,..._ - - ', Usefulness ot forests " natural rs. F servoirs for feeding underground ', wster supplies snd misting rsinfsll L mum and stream ttow is shown by '. tests conducted by the Forest Genius. Virgin forest soil st the depth ot on. ' inch absorbed forty-six times " much wster s minute as soil st the an. i depth in sdJscent ttelda. I ----+-- 1 70-MILE ROAD HA. " TUNNEL‘. f Weillnston. Nt-t seventy-Inns .,rsuwsy tron tttmate to him-n- Jnu which has can thirty nus to Hum hss boss mod. " now ins [twenty-Ive mush. Forest Soil ”Men-nail, the - ,~_V -. awullC. I'll the put that they must play in pre- venting [meets from mun; possession ot the with. It bu remained, how- ever, tor Dr. E. Jucob. I German. to give us the exact menu, quuluuvoly and quantitatively, or a “meal. bird, Biologists have examined the slou- Iclu ot dead birds and thus for“ some conception not only of the uncut of food that they require, but They are looking tor weapons. Ind when they have the weapons, believe me. they will then ask tor the roe-tor. ntion ot lost territories and last col- onies, and when that demand in nude it cannot an to shake, and possibly Blake to their foundation. every one ot those Cotuttrhm l hue mentioned end some countries I have not Mr 1- tioned It nil. All those bands of splendid Teutonic youth marching to and tro in Germany with the lint ot desire to suitor tor their tatherlnmt in their eyes, they no not looking for sums. (By Winston Churchill.» Germany bu paid since the war an indemnity ot over one thousand mil- lion pounds ot sterling, but the In borrowed " the nine time two thon- und million sterling with which to my this indemnity and to oqui " tnctorieo. Now also ha. come to [AI- Unne freed virtually from all then reputations. At the same time tho commercial debts my wall pro" " timltely to be irreeoveratrie. Now the demand u when should be allowed to ram. Do let us dolude ourselves. Germany. country ot music and pro greasive engineering, has now can“. ed the two and built an "eccordioa' street car. It may not plmuce any music. but it in so tuxttrie that it can twist end wriuIe around corners like a lizard. The interior continues as suming new shapes as the car swing- around a curve. At time its rear end may be out of view, because it is still behind the corner. This is made not sible by dividing the car into three sections, which are closely coupled and connected by accordion bellows. The interior creates an impression of one car. The wheels are mechanically steered so that the screeching in the curves is said to be avoided. Both the driver and conductor are provid- ed with seats. Radio tans. moreover. were pleased to learn that this electric car is titted with a device which will keep it from disturbing the reception of their sets. " Mrs. Helen Wills Moody, popu- lar American tennll tar. urin- tmek In New York, wearing . Paris dupe“. The Voracious Swallow What Germany Wants ToBeUsedinGermuly um; mend a fe “animation - loser by t one“! W I rode, it v rm able ode 'toch h; pun nor. Th tha 'r pro Ouch:- Ichool f.otl III C that om: hm M try " ks be [Ti I" m m tuebe Up he I but td