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OPULATIONS R AS$ () it A$ M al WORLD TRADE _ | ON MEAL It is impossible to estimate with nny degree of accuracy the number of cattle, sbheep and pigs in the world, because in many areas the figures are either incomplete or entirely lacking. At a rough estimate, u,;' the summary on "Meat" just issued by the Imperial â€" Economic Committee, the total number of cattle may be in the region of 6006 millions, of which about twoâ€"fifths are in the British Empire; sheep may number about 750 millions, with between oneâ€"third to E11 T ELEA TB 5.200 s ced tres ie tA c niive ie iwo fifths in the Empire, and pigs not| quite 300 millions, of which not more thin 5 per cent are m Empire eonn-| trics. In countries with reliable data it would appear that cattle numâ€" bers have tended to decline since 1925. _ On the other hand, the numbers of sheep and pigs in these eountries have expanded during the same period. * > goour mn. PXCORCC doST pounds, and mutton, for 30 pounds.! CGermany eats more pork than beef;| France more beef than pork, and|, neither of them any material amount|. of mutton, their aggregate consumpâ€" tion of all meats being approximately 110 pounds per head for Germany and 90 pounds per head for France. A recent feature of the beef trade has been the successful inauguration of nilled beef exports from Empire eountries. _ Prior to 1932 this trade was negligible, but shipments apâ€" proached a quarter million hundredâ€" weights in 1934, Canada, South Atâ€" rica, Southern Rhodesia, Australia, and New Zealand all participating. The total United Kingdom imports of chilled beef in that year were eight and a half million hundredweights. With regard to mutton and lamb, there has been an appreciable exâ€" pansion in world trade within the past ten years» while the internaâ€" tional trade in pig meat is dominated by the movement of bacon and hams to the United Kingdom. _ The main : 4 00 i naetene * uies feature of the trade CSVSs period has been the developme! imports from European countrie: the decline in supplies fron United States. Denmark supplic per cent of all bacon import 1934, but the United States is the principal source of the smaller imports of hams, an counted for twoâ€"thirds of the im in 1934. The Empire share of U Kingdom imports of bacon and has been declining for a numb years and comprised under fiv cent in 1932, against over 2 gent in 1395. Since then, the P! tion has risen substantially» chiefly to expanding iryports Canada, as provided under the wa agreement. In 1934, Empiré plies accounted for 17 peÂ¥ cent « total Acidity Tests 1 Being Offered Harrow.â€" LhE FUU"""" Sbhora T mental Station at Harrow offers its, services, upon request, in conductâ€" ing soil acidity tests to determine whether application of lime is re quired, and the amount necessary. "When the question of â€" liming arises, the first step should be a soil acidity test." official bulletin of the| station advises. "An ufiveâ€"nddity‘ test together with a knowledge of' crop requirements a" to soil tyPe, and acidity will determine to a large, degree the suitability of soils for various crops." Such a test will indicate auite deâ€" fin tely whether lime is required. Where lime is needed, the quantity , required to reduce the acidity of a * ‘ * sa a suitable "‘.fl‘ ERHPRCCCC particulat soil to 0# uV 2 ommÂ¥ for a specific croP can be detemin-; ed. This is one of the services renâ€" dered by the Dominion Experimentâ€"| 2+ Station. here, upO® request. | nived . BIDBUCCCC 2 f the trade during â€" this is been the development of ‘rom European countries and ne in supplies from the tates. Denmark supplied 56 of all bacon imported in t the United States is still cipal source of the much imports _ of hams, and a¢â€" for twoâ€"thirds of the imports The Empire share of United imports of bacon and hams i declining for & number of id comprised under five pet 1932, against oveT 20 per Cank‘ Gmee thenm, the proporâ€" cou! Eh o Sm d under the Ottaâ€" 1934, Empire supâ€" +7 wey cent of the Dominion Experiâ€" Li arâ€" | Considering how many opportunitâ€" ies we have or making mistakes, even the worst of us do fairly well. due from First Friend: â€" Hear about the Seotchman who went insane? Becond Friendâ€"No, what was the matter? First Friendâ€"He bought a score card at the ball game and. neither side scored. When we get wisdom teeth it does not mean we are wholly wise, but just learning a little more about teeth, Short engagements are better, The bride hasn‘t time to wear out ber finâ€" ery showing it to ber friends, Kelley and Cohen were having dinâ€" ner together. Cohen helped himself to the larger fish and Kelley said: Kelle‘yâ€"â€"_Flne manners ye bave, Coâ€" hen,. If 1 had reached out first I‘d have taken the smaller fish. Cohenâ€"Vell, you‘ve got it, haven‘t you? One of the most senseless things jmaginable is criticism when all facts and factors are unknown, stenographer. Passenger (to captain of sinking ship)â€"Captain, as there are no more lifeboats and all the boats are tull, will you teach me to swim? Angry Wifeâ€"Now that I have an electric refrigerator, see what you can do about getting a mechanical Pretty Girlâ€"My, how very DasMi®" you are! Young Manâ€"Yes, 1 take after my father in that respect, I guess. Prett; diil;-Wi;n y{mr father bashâ€" ful? Young Manâ€"â€"Was he? mother says it Father hadn‘t been so darn bashful, {HAV I‘d be four years older. Smile, and the shadows, Trust, and the mists will roll away; Give, and the heavens will shine with glory; Love, and your life will be one glad One little boy was asking what headstrong meant: "‘That‘s when ma makes up her mind to dbave a new hat," he replied naively, Man:â€"I‘ve just been reading some statistics bereâ€"Every time I breath a man dies. Friend:â€"Gosh, man! Why * don‘t you use some of these highly adverâ€" tised mouth antiseptics? Marriage hasu‘t failed. It isn‘t the school‘s fault if a lot of pupiis exâ€" pect to pass without working at it Windy? Windy Wolf:â€"I‘m not reading the news. I‘m looking for a job. Ragson:â€"It appears to me that are reading the ‘Female hbelp wanted" column. F7 ui onl o13 ie us e _ Windy:â€"Well, male? The man who always "says what he thinks," says it down town. At home he‘s careful to think what he says, Junior:â€"What‘s & debtor, Daddy? Father:â€"A man who owes money, Junior: â€"And what is & ereditor? Father:â€"The man who thinks he is going to get it. day, Ragson Tatters: â€"What‘s for Artists and Authors AUTHORITATIVE COUNâ€" SEL ON WINNING PRIZE CONTESTS | is the title of an article by one who is A consistent winner. This article _ and monthly listings â€" of Prize Contests, Syndicate Markets and Marâ€" kets for Hlustrations f‘or lr)‘i- signs, Greeting Card D¢â€" signs and Verses, Stories and Poems, supplied for a yearly ueARD Â¥ VCRRTY CCUPEO OO 1 0 I subscriptio.;xr of $2.00. PRIZE CONTESTS #+a Girlâ€"My, how very bashful 1 OV sun will plerce the ain‘t my wife a fé the news, o# An Indian Village was an interestâ€" ing feature of the Scout Forestry: Demonstration Camp at Angus over the 24thâ€"ofâ€"May weekâ€"end, The vilâ€" lage was made quite picturesque with a couple of painted tepees, a rustic cabin and decorated Indian war shields. A council ring with log seats and central fireplace completed the scene. The village was in charge of Basil Partridge, an Algonquin Park Indian. Ottawa Scouts interested in stamp collecting have organized a Scout stamp club to foster their hobby. The club meets on alternate Saturday mornings. Over 300 Cubs, Scouts, Rovers and Scouters gathered at Nassau Park for Peterboro‘s Third Annual Scout Field Day. Together with eight Peterboro Scout Groups there were present Scouts from Frankford, Coâ€" bourg, Lindsay, Oshawa and Canâ€" nington. The well diversified proâ€" gramme was in charge of District Commissioner John T. Hornsby. When Scouts of the ist Arvida Troop visited Quebec for the Badenâ€" Powell rally, they were shown through the various departments of the "Chronicleâ€"Telegraph" newspaper plant. Simcoe, Ont., Scouts were guests of the Kinsmen Club at a banquet at which the guest speaker was Joe Primeau, of the famous "kid line" of Toronto‘s "Maple Leafs". The fun of accompanying the local firemen on one of their weekly practice runs was the high spot of Canada Passing Pioneer Age in Art Cultural Progress Viewed By National Council Toronto.â€""The era of pioneer work has practically passed for Canada," said the report of Miss Elizabeth S. Nutt, Halifax, convenâ€" er of the arts and letters committee, to the National Council of Women recently. "Canada is also so far adâ€" vanced in her industrial and manuâ€" facturing life experience that the cultural ere has naturally risen well above the horizon." The first art exhibit in British North America was held more than 100 years ago in Halifax. Art exâ€" hibits are now plentiful throughout Canada, the report said,. His Exâ€" cellency the Governorâ€"General in founding the drama festival has given fresh impetus to _the drama. "Growth in every department and an increasing interest in fine arts and letters is the chief good which has come out of the depression," said the report of the Vancouver convener. â€" For Manitoba "reports show the development of practical trends." _ Sixteen nationalities are represented at the Winnipeg Handiâ€" craft Guild. The largest musical festival in the Empire was held in Music also had found a secure place among Canadians, and a disâ€" tinctive national note "is now found in both the prose and verse of Canâ€" adian writers." y eneEWT ons c ds is An arts and crafts exbhibition and handicrafts hobby show were New Westminsterr‘s features of the year. Moose Jaw held an exhibition of Indian art. Saskatoon Local Counâ€" cil "are to be congratulated on their activity in cultural lines; valuable Indian research has been continued." home grown flax is being woven inâ€" to home made linens. ‘ Interest is increasing in the treasâ€" ures of the Ontario Museum, Miss Nutt‘s report said. . Toronto was particularly active in art, literature, drama and music. Kingston "reports an ever increasing art consciousâ€" ness." h ag s o April, with 1350 entries. HCSS, The â€" Maritime provinces have‘ formed an association for educating the public by regular exhibitions and lectures. A summer school in paintâ€" ing is an extension of the N.S. Colâ€" lege of Art. West Algoma Council reports "the little theatre movement has been most active." IN CIVIC LIFE Need of a dignified and colorful ceremony each year for the young men and women coming of age, to make them ‘"realize their duty and responibility to their community and country" was recommended in a reâ€" port on citizenship by Mrs. A. J. Holman, convener, Niagara Falls. From all parts of Canada, Mrs. Ho} man reported, came word of activity in civic and educational life. Edmonton, with a woman elected to the school board, had a working committee of seven keepi:: “i'n Edmonton, with a woman @!C€CLeC to the school board, had a working committee of seven keeping in touch with civic affairs. Twelve members form the citizenship comâ€" otasbas in Moose Jaw and a study VCE es s m "I members form the citizenship comâ€" m.ml{gonhvwd a study wroun was formed. Women are on ; Here + There 7 Everywhere A brother to every other Scout, without regard to race or c_rnd sCOUTING | the training of Scouts of the 1st Beamsville, Ont.. Troop for their Scout Fireman‘s Proficiency Badge. The boys tested hydrants and couplâ€" ed hose in most efficient style, acâ€" cording to the firemen, The inclusion of twelve King‘s Scouts in the troop membership is ;‘élvni'm for distinction of the 49th ‘Fforonto Troop. It is believed to be a record in Toronto Scouting. An increasing number of fraternal lodges are backing Boy Scout troops, or helping them in various ways. The problem of an adequate headquarters for the 1st Montague Troop, P.E.I., was recently solved by the placing at their disposal of & large room in Oddfellow‘s Hall by the 1.0.0.F. Over 2,000 trees planted was the record of this year‘s weekâ€"end reâ€" forestation camp at Miller‘s Lake by Scouts of Halifax and . Dartmouth, NS. A number of district Scout troops have permanent cabins in the Miller‘s Lake reforestation and wild life conservation area. The initial hike of the new 141st Toronto Scout troop, composed of coloured boys from a downtown secâ€" tion of the city, was a huge success and created great enthusiasm. The boys went to Armour Heights for instruction in camp fire making, cooking and camping. The the school board and city council. In New Westminster an unemployâ€" ment office oganized by the citizenâ€" ehip committee found positions for 170 persons. Women have been elected to a number of civic bodies in Regina, while in Saskatoon plans are being made for a committee to arrange public ceremonies for reception of naturalization papers. . In Victoria and Vancouver, the latter with a study group forming, women are lserving on municipal l:gdies. Niagara Falls and Hamiiton reâ€" ported increasing number of women in civic positions, while for the first time a woman was elected to the Ottawa Collegiate board. _ At the Halifax â€" meetings discussion . was heard on a proposed civic ceremony for those reaching their majority. In Â¥armouth, N.S., the committee looked after lighting of parks, and attention was drawn by this body to untidy premises. In Truro, N.S., where an adult study class was formed, an annual homor prize was established for the county academy girl student who gave promise of the best future life of citizenship. (By S. P. B. Mais. Condensed from Passing Show, London, for the Magazine Digest.) Almost the only way to come into‘ contact, with things past is to walk back into them. For instance. I should never have met the Dark Lady of the Sonnets, you remember, Queen Elizabeth‘s proud but _ disâ€" solute Maid of Honor, Shakespeare‘s unfaithful Mary, the wanton Mary Fytton, had I not been hiking through Cheshire, In a lovely village called Gawsâ€" worth I came across a medieval recâ€" tory, the great hall of which is open lto the public at a charge of a shillâ€" ing. The rector‘s daughter showed me over the house and paused before a carved oak mantlepiece containing the mottor of the Fytton family, "Fitonus leve." "The same." replied the girl,. "She was born here, shut up in this house for kicking over the traces, went to court andâ€"" she shrugged her shoulders. Mary Fytton is not an easy WOâ€" man to visualize. And yet of all women, this dark, cold beauty who tore Shakespeare‘s heart in two, is surely one of the most interesting. But 1 should never have associated her with a remote, almost unknown village in Cheshire. + In the village of Neston in the same country I came across the birthplace of another famous Engâ€" lishman‘s famous mistress â€" the lovely redâ€"haired daughter of s blacksmith who was known first as "Emy" Lyon, later as Emma Hart, who then married a Hamilton was loved and painted by Rommey, and lived with Lord Nelson. â€"___ _ ig Trips Into Historic Places vnsung, bat in her lifetime she was as fiercely desired and as passionâ€" ately loved as Mary Fytton. Another Mary usually dogs my path as I wander to and fro over the face of Britain, also fiercely loved, and in her latter life most unhappy. 1 came upon Mary Queen of Scots first in Derbyshire. As 1 was walking over the hills near Crich 1 came to a tiny hamlet with a large and ancient oak outside a{ medieval church, and in the inn I was told how the boy Anthony Babington of Dethick, having once gazed on the face of the hapless queen as she was brought to. Riber Manor on her way to Wingfield, thought of nothing else than ways and means to rescue her, and acâ€" tually started to dig a tunnel from Dethick to the manor in which she was imprisoned. He was caught and hanged, and Mary once more moved on. This time to her final prison at Fotherâ€" ingay. It was through hiking that 1 came by accident on the birthplace of the fair Rosamond, mistress of Henry II, a remote twelfthâ€"century manor house in the tiny village of Framyâ€" tonâ€"onâ€"Severn. Lancashire is an ideal land for the hiker in quest of the mysterious. I came upon the place where the Lancashire witches used to perform their unhallowed rites and where they are ultimately burnt at the stake for their sorceries. I also saw Bashall Eaves where King Arthur fought a battle and the fairies built a stone bridge in & single night to help an aged woodâ€" cutter to escape from the broomâ€" stickâ€"riding witches. § Only by walking through Lancaâ€" shire do you realize how little it has changed through the centuries in spite of the great industrial â€" deâ€" velopment and upheaval. _ De Hoghtons still live at Hoghâ€" ton Towers, and Townleys still hold sway in the Brough of Bowland, one of the finest mountain pass walks in England, just as they did in the days of the Wars of the Roses. The passing of Bonnie Prince Charlie seems only yesterday to rural Lancashire. Ir the house where I spent the night on my way through Wigan I was shown a claymore bearing Ferrara‘s own inâ€" | scription that had been dug up in the garden, a relic of the Jacobite f advance or retreat, _ During my walks I am always coming . across | traces of this romantic Prince. 1 am just home from a faseinat-‘ ing excursion into the unknown, 1 went out with the idea of wander-l: ing along that piece of the Fdsse Way, southâ€"west of Cirencester, that is just a wide green track heading straight for Bath. I passed at Pinkney a glorious gabled manor house that I was told was haunted. R ETTE C 0 WCCCCC C house that I was told was haunted. In the seventeen hundreds two disinterested brothers came knockâ€" ing at the great door and when their heiress sister opened to them â€"they stabbed her forthwith, but she, seeâ€" ing their intentions, made one last wild grab at the door to get back to safety, too late. Her fingerâ€"prints, covered with blood, made . so deep an impression that in spite of washâ€" ing and repainting they still apâ€" pear after two hundred years. ECV U euleb t oo cce . > §ia% EPeSTCAEAECEOD T ENC â€" aadnen C I entered the tall iron gates that led into Cirencester Park. For the first three miles I had the forest smiling old lady curtsied past me, and I came to two temples, then to a clearing with a monument to Queen Anne, and, on the right, a stone Summer house with the words "Pope‘s Seat" inscribed â€" on it, and a castellated house â€" covered with ivy. Pope wrote most of his poems in the houses or parks of rich friends. And he always seemed to make his friends build quite retreats for him in the loveliest places. Cirencester was of importance | long before the Romans turned | it into one of their great strategic cenâ€" tres. It was known to the Britons as the "town at the head of the waters," and if you don‘t feel like following any of the Great Roman roads out of it, the Fosse Way or Ermine Strest, try the much less wellâ€"known track as the White Way iwhicb leads to the grand Roman villa at Chedworth. It was in 1864 while a rabbiting party was digging for a lost ferret in the woods on the banks of the Colne that this villa was accidenâ€" tally discovered,. It dates back to the second century A.D., and you can now see in addition to the baths, kitchens, and other rooms, & fine Issue No. 27 â€" one â€" last eollection of tessellated â€" pavement, pottery, coins, carved altars, tools, daggers, and bones. I know three of these Roman villas well, and 1 have discovered each of them by hiking. I once took a walk over the|: smooth chalk down to Dorset past that queer stone known as Crossâ€"| inâ€"hand on Batcombe Down, where Alec D‘Urberville made Tess of the D‘Urbervilles place her hand and swear never to tempt him, to Dorâ€" chester where there is a vast Roman amphitheatre known as Maumbury Rings where the Roman Gladiators held their games. And it was while I was doing this walk that I disâ€" covered the enormous earthworks known â€" as Maiden Castle where there are ditches and ramparts 60 feet high, and the outside tripl}» line of defencesâ€"is nearly two miles round. In places there are five or six of these ramparts â€" overlapping and covering each other. 1 It is the most stupendous British earthwork in existence and covers 115 acres. How it ever came to \be built by men of the stone age is beyond our power of conjecture, but lit must have given even the Romans | pause to see how gifted in the art | of defence were these barbaric isâ€" | landers. It is not necessary to hike far to get back thousands of years into our island history, but it is necesâ€" sary to hike. i Maiden Castle‘s contours are best seen from the air, but Maiden Castle‘s spirit can only be shared by those who have stormed her ramâ€" i);r(s in person and Astronomical Work Being Completed By Mme. Flammarion Parisâ€"The monumental work of mapping the ruddy, canalâ€"streaked planet of mars, started more than half a century ago by the late Camille Flammarion, "poet of the skies," is being completed by his second wife. Mme. Gabriclle Flammarion, foreâ€" most woman astronomer of Europe, is working 15 hours a day on this gigantic task, in accordance with the last wishes of her husband. His body lies buried in the garden beneath the observatory, beside that of his first wife. Nightly, â€" conditions . permitting, Mme. Flammarion mounts to her powerful telescope overlooking â€" the two graves and focusses it on the red planet that is mars, studying and photographing the planet that h>r bhusband loved more than any other heavenly body. In rainy weather, she charts and computes her vital findings, filling in the hitherto unknown spaces of mars for science. â€" She knows the canals better than she knows the streets of Juvisy, the Paris suburb in which she lives and works. In an interview, Mme. Flammarion said she took up astronomy because as a girl she had a passion for stars and admired a bearded astronomer who lived next to her school. He was Camille Flammarion. & Left an orphan while still in her ‘teens, she went to live withk . relaâ€" tives. _A wealthy young man proâ€" posed marriage and they advised her to accept. _ She wept and said she had rather be an astronomer. The next morning â€" according to this tale of romance and science â€"â€" "GUID ECONOMY" MAPPING MARS 90 LARGE PLUG | Thrifty men will tell you, DIXIE PLVG SMOKING TOBACCO on foot That "Dixie" The Plug that lasts much longer, And costs but twenty cents. TORONTO she ran to the great Flammarion and asked for a job in his observatory. He made her his secretary and she learned so rapidly he soon came to depend on her in his calculations in mathematics and other phases of astronomy, When he became a widower in 1919, she married him, although he was old enough to be her grandâ€" father. Mme. Flammarion, aside from her work on mars, edits the Flammarion Annual, and help publish the month« ly Astronomical Society Bulletin. UNCLE SAM Old Metal Tested And Paid For According To Purity ' transported the gold legally. MELTING AND WEIGHING The affidavit proving to be in orâ€" der, the work of appraisal begins. Any article that contains less than 200 parts of gold is 1,000 is reâ€" jected at once. Then come tests with the file and with acid. If these are satisfactory the heap is weighed, A receipt is handed out. BR EPRRRNEY CC ESE Your lot of gold is melted down separately, just as if the assay <fâ€" fice had nothing else to do but atâ€" tend to you, and poured into an in« got balf an inch thick, three inches wide and six inches long. The weights before and after â€" me‘iting must agree. Two samples are snipped â€" frow the cold ingot, each about the size of a 45â€"calibre bullet, Three assay* ers test them for their gold. After they have made their report â€" you8 yeceive a letter telling you to call for your check. You look at the check. Too little, you think. Then you learn that a deduction is made for the work the government . bhas done. Classified Advertising meeseses n C OC C s BONDE AND CURRENCIES 1d _ Austrian . goven rencies wanted. M David Davis, Queéen en 00 1MPERIAL RUSSIAN, GERMAN Austrian government bonds, rencies wanted, Mighest prices M Cayllas Cw BUVS COLD and York, Toron #¢ ¥¥, &