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(g* £% to Wallace township in Perth county was given publicity lately as having a very low tax rate, no debenture debt and no bank borrowings. _ The WoodstockSentinelâ€"Review points out that West Zorra‘s record is almost as good, there being no debentures outstanding except a few for local improvements. A g‘ance through the Ontario governments reports shows that there are (or were in 1938) many such townships in the province The heaviest township debt is that of York, which stood then at close to $13,000,000, but York is practiâ€" cally a city, though in name a townâ€" ship.â€"Toronto Star Weekly. 1arze y & s nowsparers state of the world may newspapers, ent. _ There the part of the blame It‘s one of t ONTARIO ARCHIVES TORONTO vcler, Perhaps their technique â€" or »"roach to problems is defertive. The â€" Leaderâ€"Post believes it is rze y & superfical view that the ‘wsparers are responsible for the ate of the world. The state of the orld may be respensible for the ‘wspapers, good, bad or indifferâ€" t. There is quite a tendency on & part of human beings to push e blame off on the other fellow. s one of the easiest things in lfe. As a matter of fact, there has been difficulty at all about writing the ove paragraph. â€" Regina Leaderâ€" M There are few more pleasurable occupations thar fireâ€"side gardening with its distinctive advantages of requiring neither labor nor money. It brings to those who indulge in it the promise of Spring. It marks in them the possession of Spring in their hearts.â€"Kingston â€"Whigâ€"Stanâ€" attain turns over its pages and considers what he will grow in the coming season he sees in his mind vegeâ€" tables reaching a perfection and flowers a uniformity of beauty and PROMISE OF SPRING Once again the seed catalogues for a new season are appearing in the mails to set the gardener building fairyâ€"castles of achievement for the coming Spring and Summer. They open out for him hours of enjoyâ€" ment by the fireâ€"side, laying plans and creating visions that gain a special joy and value from the conâ€" trast with the snow and ice outside. The gardener is one of the shining exponents of human optimism. He never reaches his goal fully but every year he hopes to do so; or, at least, to come closer to it. The seed catalogue is one of the perennial stimulants to his ambition, leading him to fresh planning and joys of anticipation almost as sweet as the joys of actual realization. As he turns over its pages and considers Mcst mothers advise dilfirhtet to irry a man she can trust and then t trust him far.â€"Brandon Sun. SENSE IN A gwed 103 and ilates that, not me, her recipe for long ‘sponse she exhibits rrv â€" the om that they ALMOST aASs GOOD FOR LE i the 0 good many folk who seem bent ite hours never consider the y they cause their parents. ) times the parents go to bed then stay awake listening and ng for the door to open and with the homecoming of the V OICE IBF man m m STAYING ma MOTHERS il 1 whe wpoint pressed. the sort Jap ers shorten he edit ded the THE WORLD AT LARGE @gests to writers of letâ€" »apers that they should orten up their epistles. e editor are always welâ€" d they conform to corâ€" ules, otherwise they are i source of trouble and th the press is mainly to ¢ news. If the news is : checriest, whose fault ‘ the blame should go ArC ons whose special j;f) ng to make the world s their technique or CANADA int TTERâ€"WRITE! wants thy. d Di1€ ew al sense than other cenâ€" ¢ommouly _ attribute ie fact that they have of whiskey or never rir. â€" Brockville Reâ€" t CENTENARIAN still active, a Windâ€" lied: "Le Bon Dieu not me," when asked or longevity. In such embod poorl THE PRESS OIT )lk r likes best to th a subject of t in which the _ clearly _ and enerally speakâ€" of â€" letter the seldom ADVICE H Wi it is not in ursive epistl LN ied _ enough y expressed, book.â€"Calâ€" T LATE great deal other cenâ€" attribute resolution if â€" ever, the the the the 18 ve of the Marie Iturbi, 18â€"yearâ€"olid daught. er of Jose Iturbi, Spanish pianist and orchestra conductor, who be. came the bride of Stephan Hero, 20â€"year.old violin prodigy, at Bedâ€" ford Hills, N.Y. Romance began three years ago when Hero was a pupil of her father. been The Government plans that in future days the farm labourer will be insured against unemployment. Praise the Goverrment, who have given justice at last to the lowliest and the most nceedy of all workers, Man lives by bread, if not by bread alone. Yet of all tn‘lors this ns us Congratulations to the Ministry of 'Transport on the decrease of 8%2 in ‘the totai of killed upo:: the 1oads in 1935. 1t is the bigges: drop â€" since these lugubrious statistics were pubâ€" lished, and it is the more important because there has been an increase of, 160,000 in the number of _ motor vehicles upon the road. There is a colossal task still ahead. Further improvemeint» can be secured by reâ€"| sponding enthusiastically to the apâ€" peal which Sir Malcolm Campbell makes when he urges courtesy, conâ€" sideration, and civeumspection on all (|l'i\'el's~unselfishness, in fact. That is the ultimate path to safety.â€"Lon-l don Daily Mail. ® social notes and so on, and "the largest display of advertising" in the unique ‘paper‘s existence. The type is sizeable and easily read. There are several fullâ€"page and smaller adâ€" vertisements from dealers in nearby towns.â€"Windsor Star. ihe otar is in receipt of a copy ; of a recent issue, the pages of which are only six by four inches in size. There are 12 pages which contain| * cleverly condensed reading material, Ff never failed t« other Saturday The Star is about 25 families. These two lads embarked on their publishing venture nearly three years ago when each was only 13 years old, and the paper has never failed to "go to press" every newspaper", in Central Grove, Nova Scotia, a _ farming community‘ of about 25 families. These two lads SMALLEST â€"NEWSPAPER When it comes to boyish enthusiâ€" asm and enterprise, a word is to be said for I. A. Shortliffe, editor, and R. E. Cann, assistant, who produce the Tiny Tattler, "Canada‘s smallest A LITTLE MIXED A Goderich bank clerk out of force of habit is said to have adâ€" dressed a letter "Halifax, N. S. F." The young man must have gotten confused between Nova Scotia and Alberta.â€"Stratford Beaconâ€"Herald. The news gathering services mainâ€" tained by the newspapers supply the news which comoes over the radio.â€" Peterboro Examiner. Radio stations do not maintain a staff of reporters or news editors to gather their material and then put it in shape for use. News is first gathered by the staffs of newspapers all over the country;} it is then forwarded to the central stations for distribution by wire service to other‘ newspapers. Let us try and make this point clear, ‘The radio companies are not news gathering agencies. They get their news from the newspapers or from associations‘ of newspapers like the Canadian Press or Associated Press. l RADIO GATHERS NO NEWS It finally gets under the skin to hear it said "The radio seems to get its news faster than the newspapâ€" ««s" ... . ‘ In Musical Wedding eft FEWER ROAD DEATHS3 A FORGOTTEN MAX THE EMPIRE lice at last to the lowliest most needy of all workers. _ by bread, if not by bread : of all to‘lers this one has naked to the charity of his PRES S CANADA, THE EMPIRE For the woman wko doesn‘ zo in for srducus skating there is a suit in brown, white and putty plaid tweed, which is worn with a blouse of brown suede. The revers, cuffs and pockets of the fingerâ€"tip coat are likewise trimmed with patches of brown suede. Eilher a divided skirt or a full skirt can be worn, with a double kick pleat in front andl back to insure sufficient freedom of movement, | Less military and more feminine is a skating dress in hunters green wool, which is trimmed with a high, rcund neck poke of string embroidâ€" ery in red, white and green,. _ A wider band of the same embroidery trims the waistline ard a tiny skull cap of red, white and green string with gloves to mat1 rounds out the cutfit. A green leather belt encircles the high neck and the flaring skirt is cut cireular. The cape is lined with feecy sheepskin, as is the attached cowlâ€"like hood. The cape fastens securely at the neck and has slits for the arms in case the weather is cold enough to necessitate wearing‘ an extra wrap while skating. PARIS.â€"Skating costumes have gone military along with the rest of feminine fashions. One practical enâ€" semble in green wool consists of a longâ€"sleeved dress and a loose cape. The dress is made with a fitted bodâ€" ice, which is doubleâ€"breasfed and fastens with twin rows of military brass buttons. ? | Evidence is produced to show that in certain â€" maternity â€" institutions this task has been brough near to achievement, The work upon which the results are based has been largely carried out at the Bernbhard Baron Memorâ€" ial Research Laboratories of the Queen Charlotte‘s Hospital Isolation Block at Hammersmith, supported in part by the Medical Research Counâ€" cil and by the Rockefeller Foundaâ€" tion of New York. 1 Skating Garb Is G one Military ; The technical . difficulties of the f work are very great and at times it almost resembles â€" pure "detective" activity, It was shown, for example, that apart from microbes in the nose and throat there were other dangers. The sreptococeus responsible for a patient‘s illness was traced once ‘to the ear of a child of the patient, and on another occasion to the sepâ€" {tic finger of a child of the patient. ' The microbes were founa in the nose and throat of doctors and midâ€" wives attending the patient in some instances, while© in others it was The gréat importance of these reâ€" sults is that their acceptance will reâ€" sult in the development of methods of preventing contamination of the mother. traced to the handy.womafi. thg hu:- band, child, mother or father of the patient. Broadly speaking, the results go to show that the microbes lurk in the nose and throat of the patient or of those in coniact with the patient and that the identification of such germs obtained on swabs from the nose and throat), with those actually causing the septic condition of the patient can be proved in a high proâ€" portion of cases. \ This figure of 64 per cent. is basâ€" ed upon the research dealt within the Report, which mainly consisted in tracking down the actual source of the infection of mothers admitted to hospial, Of these deaths, 900 are attribuâ€" table to a particular microbe called the haemolytic streptacaceus, and it is estimated by Dr. Colebrook that 64 per cent., or 576 deaths, is definâ€" itely preventable, together with the nonâ€"fatal illness of over another 2,â€" 000 women., SoOURCES OF INFECTION Of the 8,000 maternal deaths which occur in England and Wales each year as a direct consequence of childbirth it is estimated that 1,200 are due to "sepsis," that is to say, to blood poisoning and other serious forms of infection. British Woman Doctor‘s Report On Maternal Mortality An important contribution toâ€" wards solving part of the problem of maternity mortality has been made by Dr. Dora Colebrook, and the results have been issued by the British Medical Research Council. PREVENTIVE MEASUREs You rich towns! Defend the labourâ€" ers! They are worthy of your hire! Vote the farms the prices that emâ€" able them to pay a decent wage! â€" London Daily Express. o employer, The land is good, but life on the land is hard, Driven down by foreign competition, the farmer pays the best he can, but it is little enough. 43 us get ready for living." â€"i:d;l-n' Markham. "Let o have training in hygiene and eugenics. Let us have training for motherhcod_ and fatherhood. Let "Change is .one of the most periâ€" lous things in the world.. There is only one thing I can think of more dangerousâ€"not to change." â€"Harry Emerson Fosdick. "Only fools fear crime; we all fear poverty."â€"George Bernard Shaw. "Pruning is indispensable in growâ€" ing fine plants, thinning too; is it not possible to leart, from Nature a basic and irrefutable lesson?" â€" Eva Le Gallienne. * Broadcasting the culture of other nations helps us to understand their thoughts."â€"Guglielmo Marconi. "The Good Samaritan has always fascinated me. What fun he must have had!‘"â€"Sir Wilfred Grenfell. "We are no longer so much inâ€" clined to feel that if something is foreign and unintelligible, it must be good."â€"Lawrence Tibbett. _A university degree is not a favor, it is a responsibility. It is not a gift, it is a debt."â€"Harold Bell Wright. ‘"Marriage is a case of give and take. I regret to admit that from the American woman‘s point of view it is often much more take than give." â€"Elsie Janis. "The capriciousness of the motion picture public is amazing. â€" Why should they want the things they do and why should they want them when they do?"â€"Lionel Barrymore, "There is no such thing as unimâ€" aginative scientific man." â€" Dean Inge., "The most vulgar beh: sible anywhere in public is purposely attracts attenti one does or says."â€"Emilv "There are so many small pleasurâ€" es and so few big ones that the part of wisdom leads us to pay close atâ€" tention to these little ones." â€" Burris Jenkins. "The theatre, it seems to me, is as various as the world its drama reflects, and as constantly changing." â€"George Jean Nathan. "America is being steadily driven to the closer and closer coâ€"operation with Europe, both economically and politically."â€"Viscount Cecil. This coming kid plays left wing with the Toronto Leafs and does a mighty fine job of it. This young war hird speaks very little (no fault), probably he believes in that old adage _ "Action speaks louder $ .ce ue us than words" a feature that enables him to take a pass Irom any position without great _ exertion, Weighing _ 170 pounds Red Metz of the Infant Line is a wonderful backâ€"checker and a good shot either way. for a fe Metz, a former St. Michaels Col. lege player got his break in big time hockey when Joe Primeau was forced out of action. Nick filled his position â€" between the great Charles Conacher and Harâ€" vey Jackson making a very favor. able impression on the hockey au. thorities. av‘cnoias Join "RKed" Metz, who has won himself the name â€"of "Pokerface" due to the fact that hever smiles or cheers even though his mates might slip in a dozen gcals at one time, was born in Wilcox, Manitoba. Metz is Nlcholas_ John "Red" Metz ‘IHE youncssteEd wo 15 MAKING GOOD IN j SO THEY SAY ! years, his supplganevs;"l‘)eing re in public is that which tracts attention to what says."~â€"Emily Post. vulgar behaviour posâ€" a powerfully built lad By KEN EDWARDL the t "36 During the year samples of allegâ€" ed treasonable or seditious publiâ€" cations, many of them in foreign languages, covering shipments of 17,157 copies were received. _ y‘ It is particularly desired that colâ€" lectors and others continue to forâ€" ward to the examincr of publicaâ€" tions any book or periodical of a doubtful _ character. Delivery _ of such importations should be withâ€" heldgin all cases until a report is received thereon. Close co-open-‘ tin is essential, During the calendar year 1985 the examiner of publications receivâ€" ed 2,300 letters. The number otf individual books sent in for examâ€" ination â€" was 1,380, representing shipments totalling 5,290 copies. In the twelve months official memorâ€" _ anda prohibiting importation of 95 individual titles were issued. A meâ€" morandum is sent to collectors only when a book or magazine is likely to have a general circulation. In many cases obviously indecent books, phoâ€" tographs ,etc., are ordered to te seized and no memorandum is issued as their importation is not likely to be of a general character. The question is someiimes asked as to the methods employed to preâ€" vent the importation of indecent publications. _ Collectors of Customs are constantly â€" forwarding â€" sample copies covering importations to Otâ€" tawa for the attention of the examâ€" iner of publications. In addition many organizaions and individual citizes draw attention to undesirâ€" able books and periodicals. C to this Act is prohibited; and any such goods imported shall thereby become forfeited to the Crown and shall be destroyed or otherwise dealt with as the Minister directs; and any person importing any such prohibited goods, or causing or perâ€" mitting them to be imported, shall for each offence incur a penalty not exceeding $200." Canada of any goods enurilre-;'lâ€"t'e-tvi'. described or referred to in Schedule Section 13 of the Customs Tarifl' Act reads: "The importation into Item 1202, Schedule C of the Cusâ€" toms Tariff, Classifies as prohibited goods: "Books, printed paper, drawâ€" ings. paintings, prints, photographs or representations of any kind of a treascable or seditious, or of an immoral or indecent character." In order that the matter may be made clear, _ the following details are given: _ It would appear that some misâ€" conception exists regarding the powâ€" ers of the department in this reâ€" gard. Censorship is not by â€" any means a new thing. Power to preâ€" vent the importation of immoral or indecent publications has existed in all tariffs since Confederation, and was incorporated in the tariff schedules of the provinces prior to 1867. It is therefore not a new deâ€" parture. During the past calendar year, as in former years, a considerable degree of success has attended the efforts of the department in preventâ€" ing the importation into Canada of indecent books and magazines. Vigâ€" ilance by collectors of customs and other officers has resulted in the inâ€" terception of large quantities and there has been constant coâ€"operation by all concerned with the official examiner of publications at headâ€" quarters. _ Many books and magaâ€" zines were â€"after examination proâ€" hibited importation by departmental memorandum, _ Others were seized or returned to the exporters in other countries. Our Official Censor Explains His Duties Question: R.P. Wellingtonâ€" Question:â€"My orchard of spies and a few other varieties is not doing well. I have manured it pretty well, the past couple of â€" yearsâ€" placing the manure around the tree, fairly close up. There are a From the National Review _ _ Through this column rarmers may secure the latest information pertainâ€" ing to their difficulties. To introduce this service Professor Bell has prepared the rollowln’ typical probemns to inâ€" dicate the information which should be given in order that a satisfactory anâ€" swer can be made. If answer is desired by letter enclose stamped and addressed envelope _ for reply. Address all inquiries _ _to Proâ€" fessor Henry G. Bell, Room 421, 0 T8 Adelaide St. W., Toronto. Ontario. 1 The business of farming is yearly becoming more and â€" more dependent upon facts that have been gathered reâ€" garding livestock and livestock manageâ€" ment, crop production, soil management, disease and inssct control and business organization of the farming industry. Individual problems involving one or more of these, and many other phases of agriculture, engage the attention of Ontario farmers from day to day. Durâ€" ing the winter months there is a little more time for study of the most acute problems. with the Conducted by Professor Henry G coâ€"operation of the various departments Ontario Agricultural College. arm Problems Herald 1208 HUW €18NT woolens, sheer crepes, etc., are other good medi. ums, It‘s simplicity, itself to make, Style No. 8330 is designed for sizes 16, 18 years, 36, 38, 40, 42, 44 and 46â€"inches bust. Size 36 re. quires 44 yards of 39â€"inch â€" ma. terial with %% yards of braid. HOW TO ORDER PATTERXNS Write your name and address plainly, giving number and size of pattern wanted. Enclose 15¢ in stamps or coin (coin preferâ€" red; wrap it clulullQ and adâ€" dress g:ur order to Wilson Patâ€" tern rvice, 73 West Adelaide Street, Toronto. Lightweight _ woolens crepes, etc., are other # A sinart and lovely model which is suitable for matrons and young. er women, is today‘s pattern. If carried out in crepe silk (like the original), it will be charming for afternoon wear, and could be worn very effectively also for in formal evening affairs, Every farm product has its day, The farmer who raises the same product year after year is sure to be on the right side of the market sometimes, while one , who keeps shifting from sne line to another may miss most of the good market :‘ turns, besides notg Jearning all theul is to know in any one line. 1 Mrs. Cole said she had been able to spell words backwards since early childhood. She received internationâ€" al recognition for her unique ability and was a popular figure at spelling bees in this vicinity. She was born in Burlington, Ont, but had lived here for more than half a century. ROCHESTER, N.Y. â€" Mrs. Mary Lewis Cole, 77, a native Canadian who claimed the world‘s championâ€" ship in spelling words backward, died here recently as she was about to enter a hospital for treatment. She collapsed on the sidewalk in front of the institution and died of a heart attack within a few minutes. Champicn At Spelling Backwards lot of small greenish apples that do not ripen up well. The orchard soil is a stonéy loam. What can I do to improve the apple crops? Answer:â€"To obtain a good crop of apples it is usually necessary to follow an "all.round" or balanced programme of proper spraying, soil management, pruning, and thinâ€" ning. Mature trees in good vigor' should make a annual shoot . growth of 6 to 8 inches in length. Poor growth may be an indication of a shallow or fertile soil and will result in poor crops. If the soil is deep and well drained, npplicationl‘ of manure should improve the | growth. The manure should be apâ€" | pliedâ€"from about 2 feet from the | trunk out as far as 2 or 3 feet beâ€" yond the spread of branches.. l E. A. H. Banks, M.S., Dept. of Horticulture, O.A.C A heavy crop of small apples inâ€" dicates a need for heavy thinning. The apples should be thinned to 6 or 8 inches apart as soon after the June drop as possible. Slenderizing Model of _ine names splashed over es of history are not thos lives were happy or easy; h es never made history," â€" Barton Cutten, °* °* PPcomes possble to say that the man who is given to fying into a rage has a type of mental a@ctivity that is easily interrupted. The phi~». ma‘ic type that does not blink when & firecracker is set off under his chair represents the other extreme, In be. tween we find the perfect balance between response to excitation and self.control that marks the safe and sound personality, , This conception of . ables Pavioy to class ’stems into strong, m« and weak in terms t perhaps the first time ness" has been scie ed. It becomes possble man who is given t« rage has a type of â€" that is easily intarrnn 2nd Toughi _;‘_“...‘,‘ billie. % iouiine c cA o _ there! But 1 got his goat. CNVE Jabe PE Paviovy recognizes still & third in, terruptive effectâ€"one which assorts itself when the stimulus exceeds the limit of endurance, There is a com. plete cessation of mental activhy. Pavioy regards this as a means of automatically protecting the proto. plasm when it js threatened _ wiin irreparable injury or destruction "The A dog whose mouth waters at | mere sound of ®% bell soon bees» unconditioned. _A time comes wh no saliva flows when the bell is ru Mere we have an outer interrupt effect. If a dog conditioned (o wa at the mouth when a bell is ru suddenly encounters a cat and ber to chase it there is again an int ruption, meaning that the s3 ceases to flow ing to Pavliov. Excitaion and in terruptionâ€"nothing more. Theore an outer and inner interruptions. Pay lov takes the utmost care to exe‘nd the outer ones, _ Hence the sound proof rooms of his laboratory, â€" t suppression of lights and odors. [ turns out that the inner interrunt. tions occurs in stages and not ol a once. n vil adIVONX AXD INTERRUCPTION How are we to explain hith pas. gion, anger, melancholia? _ A me» combination of two effects, accord. It turns out that the conditionin: |signal need not be some hing out llnlde the body, like a bell or+a lisat lFor example it may be an irritation |of the lining of the stomach, Pav‘os Jand his assistants injected a ce culture of bacteria (staphylococcus) in‘o the peritoneum (lining of th« abdominal cavity) of a rabbit, wi definite physiological and â€" chom‘c} effects. Next they preceded the in. jection by sounding a bell, After ten or fifeen repelitions of the ex. periment the sound of the bel! alone was enough to bring mbovt preciscly the same effect, Dozens of other experiments hay been _ performed _ which convin« Pavioyv that every action can be trac. ed to the brain and that all our liv ing and thinking acvities are pure. ly chemical and mechanical, We are Still far from understanding the mech. anism of the body, which includes mind, but to Pavlov‘s way of think. ing we are well on the road. EXCITATION AND INTERERRUPTION In Vestnik Akademi Nauk US8$3JL (Communications of the Academy of Science U.S.S.R.) and Priroda‘ (Naâ€" ture) Professor N. A. Podkopayey and G, P. Zelnyi respectively sumâ€" marize the more recent work of Pay. lov and his school in this attempt to weld mind and body into one. ' Paviov, it will be remembered, is the discoverer of conditioned reflexes. ‘ Automatic swallowing, winking of the eyes, the involuntary kicking of the lower leg when it is lightly struck below the knee are examples of unâ€" condiional reflexes. But give a dog food and at the same wime strike a bell, repeat this association over and over again and the time will come when .at the mere sound of the bell the dog‘s mouth will wa‘er just as If food were laid before him,. Hero we have the classic example of conâ€" ditioned reflexes. | The moment is near whwen physiâ€" ology and psychology will be united, when the painful contrast between my body and my mind will be removâ€" ed forever," wrote Professor 1. P. Pavioy recently, The old distinction is largely metaphysical and originatâ€" ed with Descartes. For decades psyâ€" chologists, led by Paviov, have been trying to break it down, BIGNALS MaAY BR INTERNAL Paviov‘s Attempt To Weld Mind and Body Into One ""~" spiashed over the pagâ€" ory are not those whos> happy or easy; happy livâ€" made. history," â€" Geor~o "5"/2 amterrupted. The phi~~. e that does not blink when ker is set off under his chair s the other extreme, In be. e find the perfect balance response to excitation and 1 that marks the sate and Cpuon of a maximum en. Y to classify nervous sy. strong, moderately strong n terms of excitation â€" first time that "nervous. scien‘ifically Cefin , he still has his â€" George i1 t h old« }¢ Wal N M Mother and D M be MRS. JAMES LL EMILY TILT, i HAM RCE streng rudiment he make thie Iy ten Palmerstonâ€"â€" Play Offs T: VOL L Calder‘s CUSARETTRsS mi€ JENNY CH M aJ ers Emil Manitoba e Hope pl 200 Ths, ind build of the After Thu bi LB ther an Micted â€" Mre. a y ol age a i good thiint y M of he N A17 ldrer wedd be they to th da CC Dau 1che