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land" ues Old ums W 518 LB ns *3 ane Various explanations have been offered as to the origin of the use of a ring in connection with marâ€" rlage, It was an ancient Icelandic cusâ€" tom at the betrothal ceremony for the bridegroom to pass his four fingers and palm through a large ring to receive the hand of the bride. Wedding rings appear to have been used by the Jews before the dawn of the Christian era, the ring being worn on the index or forefinger. Swinburne has stated that the Book of Genesis indicates that Rebecea may have been the first bride to wear a wedding ring. Egyptians Used Others hold Egypt to be the Cradle of the wedding ring, Egypâ€" tian hieroglyphs representing eterâ€" nity as being round or endless, and the ring denoting the unendâ€" Ing flow of mutual love and affecâ€" tion between man and wife. In early Roman times a ring was given to mark the betrothal, probâ€" ably merely as a pledge that a contract would be fulfilled. At first these rings were made of iron, but in the second century the gold ring was introduced. Before the Reformation, the wedâ€" ding ring in England was commonâ€" ly worn on the thumb, as is the etstom in India today. The choice of the third finger as the ring finger is said to have resulted from an old fanciful conceit that from that digit a vein or artery ran dirâ€" ectly to the heart, and the choice of the left hand is said to result from the thought that the left is the hand of‘ dependence, while the right is the hand of authority. A MERE SPOONFUL Four hundred and sixty thousâ€" and gallons of cod liver oil conâ€" sumed in Canada in one year . .. Now will you complain about taking one spoonful? NO SIGN OF APPEASEMENT By the way, has any reader ever seen a picture of Winston Churhill with an umbrella? BOTH NOT UNCOMMON A traffic officer, says that speed exceeding 72 miles an hour is not uncommon on the Queen Elizabeth Way. Nor are the acâ€" cidents uncommon nreither. should be so. In fact, the ministry of the needed more thanflit j And what‘s more Ann Rutherford knows what it is. Never does the starlet make the mistake of putâ€" ting perfume on clothes or ever her hair. She puts it right on her skin. Behind the earsâ€"on the paim of the hands and just a whiff across her lips. In this way the young acâ€" tress knows that the true scent of the perfume remains intact. tc THE SOIL DRAWS THEM Seventyâ€"five thousand people saw the concluding performances at the International _mplowing c‘%m- petition near St. Thomas. Was this evidence of curiosity only, or of keen interest in observing the basic industry engaged in its most important business: Tilling the land? There are few activities more artistic than an expert P r n wawn coine about his work. plowman Various vExplanati?ns of Orâ€" igin of Ceremony Have Been Offered â€" Gold Ring Introâ€" duced In Second Century V OIC E PRE S S n going about Toronto Globe â€"London Free Press. â€"Hamilton Spectator. Timmins Daily Press. â€"Oshawa Times. never was and Mail. been (NO. 15) KEEP OUR LAKE TROUT Fish, like other creatures, must be adjusted to their habitat or the‘ivr race will not survive. A warm water kind cannot long exâ€" ist in cold water and one that is used to plentyof oxygen will die if placed in a stagnant pool. Our lake trout is a good example of this. It must have cold water, well aerated, for normal life but as it lives in our lakes, which warm considerably at the surface in summer, it has had to go down into the depths for part of the year. Often the deep waters lack oxygen so we find that the trout live at a medium depth where the water is cool and yet above the stagnant bottom. Protect Spawning Fish Lake trout are allied to the speckled trout. They grow large and 25 to 30 pounders are not uncommon. Their main food is herring and whitefish, though perch will be taken where these first two are lacking. These food forms can live in the depths and in cold water so the trout finds food throughout their habiâ€" tat. The angler, to catch these fish, must use a heavy spoon and a copper line, sending the lure down to where the fish live. Lake trout are found throughout Ontario in all suitable© waters and are the mainstay of a conâ€" siderable commercial fishery in the Great Lakes. The conservation of the lake trout depends on the protection of the spawning fish and on the stopping of overâ€"fishing. They spawn on gravel or stony bars late in the fall and the poachers use gill nets to catch them over the shoals. Such qets are deâ€" structive and can take almost every adult fish in a lake if set throughout the fall. So, protecâ€" tion against poachers should he the first step, then, we must see that only a Imiited number of trout are taken from each lake. Long continued angling is as deâ€" structive as poaching, shorter season and lower bag limits ure necessary if we wish to preserve our lake trout. SCOUTING . . . To Boy Scouts fell the honour of providing a guard of honour for His Excellency the Governorâ€" General, the Earl of Athlore, upon his first official visit to Monâ€" treal, October 7th. The sturdy, smartly uniformed party of 150 First Class and King‘s Scouts made a fine impression as they lined up in the Windsor station concourse to receive the Chief Scout for Canada. His Excelâ€" lency formally inspected them, and complimented District Comâ€" missioner Robley Mackay upon their appearance. A practice of reciprocal visits between Canadian and American Boy Scout troops having the same troop number this year brought 30 members of Troop 8 of Detroit, Mich., to Chatham, Ont., as guests of the 3rd Chatâ€" ham Sea Scouts. The visitors were met early on a September Saturday at the city limits and paraded to & camp site at Vicâ€" toria Park mear the Chatham troop‘s headquarters, where meals were served them. A civic welâ€" come was extended by Mayor Hubbell. They were entertained with games and competitions, and on Sunday attended a church parade of Chatham Scouts and Girl Guides. The Bronze Cross, the Boy Scouts Association‘s highest reâ€" cognition for gallantry, was awarded Scoutmaster G. Keene, for saving most of an ammunition train struck by a bomb during an air raid over southern England. The Scoutmaster called for vo‘iâ€" tnteers, and in spite of flyinz shell fragments uncoupled and pushed out of danger all but six of a string of 51 trucks loaded with shells and explosives. Seouts representing Fort Wilâ€" liam and Port Arthur Troops were hosts to a party of Ameriâ€" can Boy Scouts from Duluth anc Superior at the annual Lakehead International Labour Day weck end getâ€"together. The camp of 13 tents was erected in the Doâ€" partment of Highways Park at Little Falls The programme comprised a Sunday Scouts‘ Own service, hikes to points of interest, boating and fishing, and finally a big campfire. The Canadian Scouts were under _District Comâ€" missioner H. W. Ellard and the American lads under Scout Exâ€" ecutive Sig Kilender of Daluth. Because most of t}@ wood for tobacco pipes came from the Mediterranean countries, manuâ€" facturers may try to revive the popularity of the oldâ€"time clay oo e o es in Sfi o ic en utss Narrowly missing an important Berlin railway station, an R.A.F. bomb created this crater in the capital of the Reich. The "Battle of the Mediterranâ€" ean" was rudely elbowing the "Battle of Britain" off the front pages of the world‘s newspapers last week, as the scene of war shifted southward and it became evident that for the moment the main Axis drive was for control of the eastern Mediterranean and the Near East. The great showâ€" down test between the seapower of Britain and the air power of the Axis was about to be witnessed. After Greece, What? The Italian invasion of Greece was seen as but one item of a comâ€" prehensive program, the first parts of which had already been executâ€" ed â€" the occupation of Rumania and Italy‘s preparation for a transâ€" Ezypt drive on Suez, Other steps, involving the remaining Balkan naâ€" tions, were expected immediately the outcome of the Greek campaign was decided. General Goering‘s newspaper, The Essener National Zeitung, predicted the next Axis step would be an attempt to sever British connections with Europe, Asia and Africa so that no port step would be an attempt to sever British connections with Europe, Asia and Africa so that no port in those continents would be open to British warships (ambitious unâ€" d@ertaking!) Other sources said that France and Spain would also have a role in this plan. The Axis‘ new grand strategy undouwbtedly was agreed upon by Hitler and Mussolini at their meetâ€" ing in Florence which followed a lightring trip by Hitler down into France to confer at different points and times with Franco, Laval and Petain. to British w dertaking!) that France have a role The Axis undoubtedly Hitler and M .Hitler‘s Greatest Gamble Was Hitler embarking on the greatest gamble of his career? K he could break Britain‘s control of the Mediterranean he would be able to pile upon her a disaster second in magnitude only to the smashing of England itsolf â€" so great that it likely would determine the outcome of the war. Failure to achieve this goal, however, after his inability to crush England by bloody bombing and invasion, could just about write his finish. To Byâ€"Pass Turkey? The only other power (aside from Britain) conceivably in a position to aid Greece was Turkey, a large part of whose army was last week massed against the Bulgarian fronâ€" tier. But several factors militated against Turkish fulfillment of her mutual defense treaty with Greece. For one thing such action could THE WA Râ€" W E E Kâ€"Commentary on Current Events e Td What Happens When R.A.F. Raids Nazi Capital MAIN BATTLE DEVELOPS IN THE MEDITERRANEAN REG‘LAR FELLERS â€" Free Demonstration â€" Byâ€"Pass Turkey? y other power (aside from conceivably in a position eece was Turkey, a large NWY Sss s n io ht 1 t ?‘!:{‘.;\‘t 2 313?35‘1?5 n tanar : e mpun ie Sm o t ceE e e t bring Nazi troops storming into Turkey from Bulgaria, and preâ€" cipitate a general Balkan war; for another thing, Soviet Russia‘s polâ€" icy of nonâ€"involvement in war might operate against Turkish parâ€" ticipation. But supposing the Axis powers didn‘t attempt to take the Dardanelles, byâ€"passing Turkey inâ€" stead by way oi the Dodecanese Islands and Syria ... would Turkey allow herself without protest to be surrounded, and her dominance of the entire Mosleim world challengâ€" ed? If Turkey moved, the entire picture would change overnight* Moscow Meditates For the time being, Moscow was silent on the Balkan situation, But preâ€"occupied, as diplomatic rumors which trickled through suggested, with consolidating the Russian posiâ€" tion on all fronts, A new agreeâ€" ment with the Axis powers was seen as not unexpected; but more likely to come would be the signing of a nonâ€"aggression pact with Jaâ€" pan. (Moscow obviously was not forgetting for a moment that Japâ€" anese troops still lined the Soviet Manchurian border; that between 80 and 90 German divisions faced the Red Army along the eastorn European fromt). U.S. â€" Britain â€" China â€" U.S.S.R.? That Stalin might be induced to join an antiâ€"totalitarian bloc conâ€" sisting of Great Britain, the U. S. and China was the considered be lief expressed last week by Chinâ€" ese circles in Singapore. These same sources declared that Stalin would be interested in seeing the German and Japanese positions rendered desperate by such a coalâ€" ition against them, Positive knowlâ€" edge was claimed, said New York Times correspondent Hallett Abâ€" end, that China‘s Minister of Finâ€" ance was in Washington for the principal purpose of convincing the United States of the advisability of joining such a coalition. U. S. Aid To Britain Although the United States had by no means yet declared war on Germany, Secretary ofâ€" Commerce Jesse H. Jones reported last week that the U. S. had shipped $780, 000,000 of goods to Britain during the first year of the war; and from New York it was learned that the U. S. was sending warplanes to Britain at the rate of nearly 500 a month, and that the number was increasing . .. With the elecâ€" tion over, anything could happen. e n Webs UIRAMIMI OME WeRIM ACHID RCCCC correspondent Hallett Abâ€" hat China‘s Minister of Finâ€" was in Washington for the pal purpose of convincing the 1 States of the advisability ring such a coalition. U. S. Aid To Britain ough the United States had means yet declared war on ny, Secretary ofâ€" Commerce H. Jones reported last week he U. S. had shipped $780,â€" ) of goods to Britain during irst vear of the war; and C en e nt n aid New York t Hallett Abâ€" inister of Finâ€" ngton for the convincing the ie advisability Before Parliament reconvened at Ottawa this week, it was learned from Washington that arrangeâ€" ments had been made for an imâ€" mediate survey and other prelimâ€" inary engineering work in the St. Lawrence Seaway project ... Sad Losses At Sea "Twas a sad day for Canada whon news came through that the Canâ€" adian destroyer Margaree, which replaced the illâ€"fated Fraser, had been sunk in the North Atlantic with the loss of 140 officers and men; and that the Canadian luxury liner Empress.of Britain had gone down as the result of enemy acâ€" tion, with 45 missing. The Week In Canada Official and semiâ€"official anâ€" nouncements on @miscellaneous matters of varying interest to the Canadian public featured the week: that young farmers whose military training wasâ€" postponed in October would respond to the call Novemibâ€" er 22 . .. that Canada was sendâ€" ing 400 motor vehicles a day to the United Kingdom . . . that Otâ€" tawa was keeping a wary eye on the French Islands in the gulf of St. Lawrence, St. Pierre and Miâ€" quelon . . . that internees and members of illegal organizations were ineligible for public offico in Canada ... that Canadian soldiers were holding an important sector of the English coast, right in the front line . .. that Canadian troops might be sent to the Near East at a later stage in the Battle of the Mediterranean . . . that Canâ€" ada had enough grain "to meet all Britain‘s needs for three years" .. that private buying must be curâ€" tailed in Canada if the war proâ€" gram was not to suffer . .. Election Soon In Ontario? The Ontario political pot, quiet for some time past, was last week seen to be simmering again. There was a good deal of talk in Ottawa that Premier Mitchell F. Hepburn intended going to the people someâ€" time within the next year (reâ€"electâ€" ed to power in 1937, the Ontario Liberal administration does not have to call a vote before the sumâ€" mer of 1942). Within the past month three Dominion Cabinet minâ€" isters have visited Mr. Hepburn Yukon‘s Many Wild Flowers . . . Onfario Conservatives, too, were getting busy last week ... There are orchids in the Yuâ€" kon â€" the Siberian,. a large purâ€" plish pink bloom with white spots and a rare White Orchidâ€"all to be found in great variety beneath the "slide" near Dawson. Our authority, â€" writes the Ottawa Journal, is Martha Louise Black, former Member of Parliament, whose second book, "Yukon Wild Flowers,‘ has just been publishâ€" ed. Coâ€"starring with her in s preparation is her husband, Hor. Head bandaged, a victim of Nazi bombs, LEFT, sadly treads over a pile of rubble as ho sa‘.agos belongings from his London home. With a temporary dressing around his head, another air raid victim is led away by an A.R.P. warden after being dug from from the ruins of his home. He is carrying his dog who managed to get into a crevice of wreckage and more or less escaped injury. He was rescued with his master. it sn unds s To oo .. o To * * ols & W" oo l . ol ue ’8 a & $ % Ts % 5 w : k a Te 5d 4 ; i 4 _ ... e . YCt £.. x2 _ t * q *# 2 _ +0 | i _ @eldl c‘ oo = w 4 . e o5 me _ _ t ok ts .z Te & wievke 2<_ 2t iB § s & lywits"â€" 4 l in*"" * uh99 ue / m s . ’. "a':\ & t3 20h , A 1e e ks 3 a*" * d uagle & &N :. Cld s 2 e "" ~ a J i. gf * % ho ~ . ES wR o j f bous M tuus o k k t . s SSR s B k h * s * Tigks TT 2 7 E. 2 l k *,1"‘ Sm . ols 32. 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Te E_ se P *A 4 4.’\W e S C & } i m A M 4:")('3“ f‘ # Shmimaitin \b Mc â€" aa% ‘ 4 sjuth j LONDONERS WHO WERE VICTIMS OF NAZI BOMES te‘ye 4 NA \_ . . "p [ JUS‘ A FEW MORE AN‘ IM THROUGH / é es hn |~ I AN‘ WHATS THat ° \~ ROLL OF. TAPE FOR? ONTARIO ARCHIVES f TORONTO o ‘y#a'r‘i‘:a’-‘.’?%?r%i Di t C 4 M Parag George Black, K.C., M.P., who personally took the hundred phoâ€" â€"tographs which illustrate the volâ€" ume. "From the beginning of March, ‘when the days begin to lengthâ€" en,‘ we Yukoners are alert to disâ€" cover the first sign of the Pasque flower or Northern Crocus thrustâ€" ing its furry nose through the thawing ground, often still coverâ€" ed with snow or ice. These brave flowers vary in shade from deepâ€" est purple to mauves and pinks, "Within 20 minutes‘ walk of the heart of Dawson," writes Mrs. Black, "even a fairly careless obâ€" server of Nature‘s handiwork may gather at least a hundred varieties of flowers, ferns and mosses. LIFE‘S LIKE THAT AGzeat Energye Food HiVve '§,.Â¥Rup..,. 2 L Wls "Iae . i i / We T. 7///; /// _youRr _ $ y â€" ‘"Yesterday I was to be a success . . . Today I‘m a failure .. Pretty fickle scales, I‘d say! !" ; > A.;;,/,/ _ 1‘~ 2 G e o o q e * metns Almdinae By GENE BYRNES ie hx 9B 3 oog with an occasional ‘spot‘ of purâ€" est white. Of the anemones or *windâ€"flowers‘. ther are numerous varieties, ranging from this Pasâ€" que flower to the tiny yellow Water Crowfoot common in our sluggish streams. "The brilliant cerise shooting stars, the saucy Dutchman‘s breeches, the wild Bleeding Heart â€"a tiny prototype of the cultiâ€" vated variety we all knew in our grandmothers‘ gardens â€" all these and many more are upon us in bewildering array as soon as sumâ€" mer sets in with its 24 hours of continuous sunlight. The floral colors of the north are largely pink, blue and magenta, with generous splashes of yellow. #h By Fred Neher ~~ m ~<a~<a~am> <dnch