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about equal to fling value, acâ€" ding tests and it is customary > time when the f ftilled out. r.u threshed goyâ€" izh in feoding d satisfactorily L wintering dry tle. It is also in a Jiff g _ Money Back Sn l 53 Youge, & us wher rs please, o LADIES : pair sille + handkerâ€" tarl neck~ uisite arte © posiage. ush, order t 23L Steâ€" OPPEDB XIE c‘ng sold PRESCRIPTION: BERtSV ts amp es Long WHEEL. SALE 5e paid. urcroft, ry, another off and reâ€" file. Then sent back very to the shence the LADIES; omplicated One hands > the clerk e counter. off, and rceipt. Anâ€" > inches is as the ofâ€" Cel dv t pestage y in the it issued and two wide, the en cents. with this e 3 iAVE aying hick Ont. remâ€" ods, s of hish AT 10use nhurt show JN )R ed LC ma in 1862 by Joseph Hudgens, a soldier in the Confederate What is believed to be the world‘s oldest biscuit is owned by NEWSPAPERS ARE HISTORY The newspaper is current hisâ€" tory. Fifty years from now no man would dare to write a history of this moment without studying our mewspapers, for from no other source could he get such an acâ€" curate dayâ€"byâ€"day record of what is taking place. If it weren‘t for newspapers the public would be sadly misinformed, for ali it would bave to go by woula be what somebody thought they heard over NOT ABOVE THE LAW The very worst thing that could happen to law enforcement in this country would be for the impresâ€" sion to get abroad that soldiers are immune from prosecution by the civil authorities and that the only tribunal qualified to try them is a military one. lhat idea exists to some extent already and it would be unfortunate indeed if it were to gain strength. Ts NEEDED ON HIGHWAYS The railways have succeeded in reducing accidents to a minimum by the coâ€"operation of all their ewmployees in Safety First. Those boys ought to be out on the highâ€" ways for awhile. Hunters go away up north to shoot game while the cutest things in furs are seen everywhere walkâ€" ing along the streets right here. Victor W. Sifton of Winnipeg has been appoin:ed as acting masterâ€"general of the ordnance branch of the defence departâ€" meat, succeeding P. A. Chester, who will return to his post as general manager of the Hudson‘s Bay Co. Mr. Sifton will serve without salary and, like Mr. Chester, will serve as a civilian in the defence department post. GOOD HUNTING DOWN HERE The great increase recorded for the outlying group was 31.3 per cent. in the Panama Canal zone. The Virgin Islands had the smallest gain, 13.1 per cent. The Philippine Islands count,. an estimate based on censues taken in January, 1939, and Dcâ€" cember, 1918, was 16,356,000, «n increase of 2,843,000 or 21 per cent. The continental United States populztion previously had been placed at 131,409,881, an inâ€" crease of 7 per cent. The popuâ€" lation of territories and possesâ€" ions, excluding the Philippine Isâ€" lands, was placed at 2,596,445, a gain of 445,422 or 20.7 per ceat. tories and possessions, the burear reported, had increased three times as repidly during the past decade as i had on the mainâ€" laad. Biscuit, Aged 78 This represented an increase of 11,923,257, or 8.6 per cent. over the 1980 census, on the basis of preliminary figures. The U. S. census bureau late in Nov. placed the total population of the United States, its terviâ€" tories and possessions at 150,â€" 362,326. ' U. S. Population Now 150,362,326 New Ordnance Chief â€"St. Thomas Timesâ€"Journal. V OICE PR E S S Poterborough Examiner. r Cent in Past Ten â€" Includes Overseas Te 5W Neraine ; Xiney.% VCE ""J"‘m.s'_ xéher, 2NA E!v@“‘ Meves h park .. Ts sn ie on oo t eitine â€"Oshawa Times. â€"Brandon Supn. An in the termâ€" Army. When he enlisted in a home defence unit at the outâ€" break of war, he gave his age as 64; he was really 69. The Correspondence Conservaâ€" tory of Music, Toronto, has receivâ€" ed many enrollments from musical aspirants throughout Canada. Its progress is due to the unique musical courses writtenr by Capâ€" A private in the Royai Sussex Regiment is claimed to be the oldest soldier in the British ada‘s most outstanding musicianâ€" There is no intention of teachâ€" ing Canadain Boy Scouts to fly. Two new Scout Airman Proficâ€" iency Badges recently inaugurâ€" ated, the "Flying Lions," were adopted with the object of genâ€" erally instructing Scouts in the principles of aviation, but parâ€" ticularly with the purpose of qualifying them to give landing directions and other aid to flyers circling to find an emergency landing place. Special attention in the instructions is given to proâ€" cedure to be followed and help to be rendered in case of an aeroâ€" plane crash. Wide publication in Canada of a Louisville, Ky., dispatch anâ€" nouncing that two experimental troops of Air Scouts were to be organized by the Boy Scouts of America brought inquirie to Dominion Scout Headquarters concerning such plans for Canâ€" ada. Not forgetting, in spite of the war, the Scout‘s promise to be kind to animals, the ist Harâ€" mondsworth Boy Scout Troop, England, has converted its cycle trekâ€"cart into an animal ambuâ€" lance, and is helping look after animals, particularly cats and dogs, injured during air raids. A number of British Scout Troops have suffered the loss of their meeting places "through enemy action." In one recent week two Troop Headquarters were struck by German bombs and reduced to ashes. 17,000 used medicine bottles of the desired size were collectâ€" ed by the Boy Scouts of Saint John, N.B., for the district hosâ€" pital unit of the R.C.A.M.C. SCOUTING . . . The brown trout is a native of northern Europe. Two varieties have been widely introduced into the streams and lakes of eastern United States and Canada. Most of the original stock came from Germany, hence~the name "Gerâ€" man brown," but some lots of eggs came from Loch Leven in Scotland where a somewhat difâ€" ferent variety of brown trout was native. These Scottish fish are known as "Loch Leven trout" but are indistinguishable after on or two generations in our waters. The nonâ€"native species are the rainbow, the steelhead and the brown. The rainbow trout orâ€" igmmally lived in the mountains of western North America in the fast rivers and streams. In Onâ€" tario they are fourd in several rivers flowing into the Georgian Bay and Lake Supgfior and in some northern Ontario. streams. The steelhead trout is not a true species for most biologists now regard it as a seaâ€"going rainbow trout. This last has a tendency to run downstream after spawnâ€" ing and where the rivers are short, as on the Pacific coast, they sometimes reach the sea where they find plenty of food. And Nonâ€"Natives The steelhead is a rainbow trout that lives permanently in salt water except when on the spawning runs into the rivers. Both the United States Burueau of Fisheries and the Ontario Game and Fisheries Departmert have planted steelheads in Great Lakes waters where they have largely reverted to the rainbow type from which they are indisâ€" iinguishable. mind other kinds; perhaps rainâ€" bow trout of the West; steelheads of the_Pacific coast or brown trout of New York or Pennsy!â€" vania. However, there are in Ontario no fewer than three inâ€" troduced nonâ€"native species and four indigenous kinds. _â€"_ By G. C. TONER Federation of Ontario Anglers (NO. 197 QUR NATIVE TROUT Mention trout to the average angler and he thinks of only two kinds, the native speckled trout and the native lake trout. If the angler has fished elsewhere the word "trout" will recall to bis Invasion Still Possible Some experts in London last week held the view that growing British war strength, especially in bomibers, and prospects for greatly increased American aid, might cause Hitler to abandon other plans in favor of invasion of Britain this winter. Profiting by the period of heavy fog which greatly restricts flying activities, the Germans might be tempted to risk an invasion withâ€" out the usual air preparations, counting on the element of surâ€" prise and the difficulty of dislodgâ€" ing their troops once firmly enâ€" trenched. Hitler, they evidently beâ€" Heved, might be feeling that the risk of a winter invasion was now How Long A "Breather"? There was unconcealed relief in Sofia, where a government official declared that "it now appears cerâ€" tain to us Bulgaria will not be inâ€" volved in war this winter." Neverâ€" theiess the most optimistic observâ€" ers there believed that onlyâ€"a temâ€" porary respite was being afforded by the "Bulgarian breathing spell," that the Greekâ€"Italian war would inevitably spread to involve the remaining Balkan countries. How long could Yugoslavia resist Axis advances? How long could Turkey stay out if Greece found herself in serious difficulties under a new Itâ€" alian counterâ€"offensive? Air War Grows Fiercer K# Balkan ‘tension relaxed last week, the same could not be said of the state of affairs in the Battle of Britain. Both sides intensified their air bombardments (the R. A. F. launched terrific attacks on Gerâ€" man and Italian war factories, ports, railway centres, supply basâ€" es; English towns and industrial centres underwent merciless treatâ€" ment by the Luftwaffe). Accordâ€" ing to the British version, damage to Germany‘s industrial machine was much heavier and far more concentrated than anything the Nazis had been able to accomplish in England. Both suffered heavily, wrote Edward Beattie Jr. of the Associated Press, but England could count on the advantage of Canadian and other Empire producâ€" tion and a growing stream of new planes, guns and shells from the United States. At the worst Engâ€" land could even move her factories to Canada, while Germany had only the doubtful and difficult possibilâ€" ity of transferring her war plants to Russia. When the Buigarian government, fortified by the backing of Russia, refused to sign up as No. 7 in the Germanâ€"Italianâ€"Japanese â€" Hungarâ€" ianâ€"Rumanianâ€"Sloveft axis, â€"the democratic world breathed easier. Hitler‘s plans for a quick push down into Greece were effectively sec:tcthed; his Near East drive was stalled within 250 miles of the Darâ€" danelles, while Axisâ€"partner Musâ€" solini‘s legions floundered about in Albania. We# flsc tss @*@f‘*"‘%jm&%?%*‘;fi@ammww*m Somewhere off the coast of England, this torpe along on patrol duty. _ So high does the water leap th pe_aérance of a submarine. Scores of these tiny craft raiders. THE WARâ€" REC‘LAR FELLERS â€" Round Trip BULGARIA MAKES STAND; BALKAN TENSION DROPS oâ€"il Sru‘..â€" in Whrresoe W E E Kâ€"Commentary on Current Events Init Torpedo Boats Help Patrol English Coast al bases, including Saigon, most important French port in the Orient. In these they were aided by Thailand. ("Time" magâ€" azine, Nov. 25, said: "South of France‘s naval base at Cam‘ranh Bay, south of Hong Kong, south of Manila, Saigon dominates the sea lanes from all these points to Singâ€" Japs After Singapore By contrast, the United States‘ relations with Japan did not imâ€" prove, as Japan gave more and more indication of preparations to flout American interests in the Far East. Withdrawing almost all troops from China‘s southern provinces, Japan renewed pressure o French Indoâ€"China, demanding air and navâ€" (It was wellâ€"known in both Lonâ€" don and Washington that before loans could be made to Great Briâ€" tain, Congress would have to reâ€" peal or amend the Johnson Act which bans credits to countries which defaulted on their First Great War debts; and the Neutralâ€" ity Act, which for ids loans to belâ€" ligerent nations). "Total Aid" Forthcoming? Meantime, the United States conâ€" tinued to link its own defense with that of Britain‘s on an increasingâ€" ly larger scale. Fortyâ€"six of the world‘s most powerful bombers were released for use by British airmen; and public endorsement began to be sought, for "total aid" to Britain. less than that of a Mediterranean adventure;_ that if he waited till spring, he might be too late. ‘‘We Must Have Ships‘" Hitler‘s use of longâ€"range bombâ€" ers, operating from Brest in an atâ€" tempt to cancelâ€"out American help by blockading Atlantic shipping lanes still constituted a most serâ€" ious menace to the British war effortâ€"one which was evidently upâ€" permost in the minds of Britain‘s war leaders last week. Ronald Cross, British minister of shipping, said in a broadcast that Britain was "anxious to get more ships built overseas. We are looking primarâ€" ily to the shipyards of the United States . . . We must have shipsâ€" our life here and the issues which hang on our having enough ships are so tremendous we cannot make too sure of our shipping position in the months and years ahead ... By themselves, the resources of the Empire are not enough." U. S$. Loans in Offing Lord Lothian, British Ambagsâ€" ador to Washington, who returned to the U. S. last week, when asked if his report on Britain‘s position was optimistic, replied: "Optimistic, provided that we get help from you." The Ambassador told newsmen that financial assistâ€" ance from the U. S. for Great Briâ€" tain was one of the problems to be met ‘"in the first half" of the new year, but that it could wait for acâ€" tion by the new Congress which convenes in January. d ic eiine nR Un s T olfi tedrienile ut m nÂ¥ i nncpnpacny RPWECEEAIRIEE water leap that it obscures the lines of the craft Td torpi do bo:‘it is.really making the spray fly (eo onl Cevpiia it n En U Aid mt Ainic n y aF T Cos? are doing a fullâ€"size Revenue freight loaded at railâ€" way stations in Canada and reâ€" ceived from foreign connections during July, 1940, amounted to 8,948,065 tons compared with 6,274,181 tons in July, 1939, an increase of more than 40 per cent. The Finance Minister, speaking in the House, warned that an "exâ€" cessive and dangerous" optimism as to the outcome of the war existâ€" ed in Canada. "We must engage the enemy ourselves," he said, "in our civilian activitiesâ€"by the makâ€" ing of sacrifices, the foregoing of pleasures, the devotion of our subâ€" stance to the causo" ... Announcâ€" ing that Canada‘s next war loan would be floated next summer, Mr. IIsley stated that financing Canâ€" ada‘s war efofrt meant boing "taxâ€" ed until it hurts." Westerners Get Action It has beon said that Premier Bracken‘s coalition government in Manitoba constitutes the greatest threat to the Mackenzie King adâ€" ministration at present found in Canada. Representing a solid bloc of men who want to get the West the "squarest" possible deal, it forces action on issues the Federal government might otherwise cirâ€" cumvent. More or less as a direct result of the Western pressure there came from Ottawa last week an announcement that the Dominâ€" ion gomernment would take deliyâ€" ery (at 70¢ a bus. for No. 1 Northâ€" ern) of all the 1940 wheat crop and set about constructing additionâ€" al wheat storage space to house the whole of it. Further); the Minâ€" ister of Trade and Commerce de clared: "We all fully recognize that a wheat policy covering the 1941â€" 42 crop year must be announced some time in February, well in adâ€" vance of the seeding season." "Till 1t Hurts" Immediately after conclusion of the Throne speech debate, Parlia ment at Ottawa forecast adjournâ€" ment until Monday, Feb. 17. The Opposition had pressed throughout the session for more and fuller inâ€" formation on the various phases of the war effort but the Government withheld such on the ground that it would be of too much value to the enemy. Between adjournment and reassembly in February, the Dominion â€" Provincial conference will meet in Ottawa to consider the important fiscal and social re forms proposed in the report of the Rowellâ€"Sirois Commission. apore. If Japan took Saigon, it might be in a position to cut in two the naval strategies of the white man‘s empire".) Mutually Assured Soviet Russia last week sounded out General Chiang Kaiâ€"Shek‘s govâ€" ernment on whether peace with Japan was contemplated and reâ€" ceived positive assurances to the contrary. "We will fight to the finâ€" ish" was said to be the Chinese answer. At the same time the Chinâ€" ese leaders, according to New York Times‘ Hallett Abend, expressed certainty that Russia wouldn‘t neâ€" gotiate any deal with tho Japs at the expense of China, that Soviet aid to China was as sure as deathâ€" andâ€"taxes. ng the spray fly as it speeds of the craft and gives it the apâ€" job in protecting Britain from c e M mds‘ ssAkcnm 227 p?"‘%:â€"c{; I GUESS THEY MUST 3:, x2 nave qgone rack 2e z3 j‘j arter Some mMoRe }, 3 nocus / _ A, 7+ W nc M mxaFBR:>" n :22 o. eK ePR( _ C Loo 5 = 2 Te tm J 6 CJ e § ZZ e 2 +«A * i â€"â€"u (//’f ) ~ F =â€"= A@GC c 227 z2 1 s e s 3 *L 2 ce uatagpe _ \f/ o7 . \. /' PP \ ,j nunciut . ~â€" Co.. ; ‘ Th â€""gal ONTARIO ARCHIVES ' TORONTO Fheir faces reflecting deterâ€" mined courage, two London tots are shown as they left a bomb shelter for a bus scheduled to carry them to the comparative safety of the English countryâ€" sile. Their home was destroyed in a German air raid. Still unemployment increased. Destitute people required food, clothing, shelter, medical and dental care, schooling, civic serâ€" vices of various kinds. They had to be supplied at least with the minimum necessities of life. Municipalitiee in the wheat areas of the West found themâ€" Family resources of the unemâ€" ployed were soon exhausted. Work became _ impossible, for many thousands, to obtain. Priâ€" vate and church charity were soon overwhelmed. Governments had to step in. Plight of Municipalities The hardestâ€"hit municipalities soon came to the end of their tether. They tried to increase taxes, but revenues fell rapidly in spite of heavier imposts. They trisd to provide work for the unâ€" employed, but this involved exâ€" penditures they could not finâ€" ance. They cut essential services to the bone and into the bone. They borrowed to bridge the gap between revenue and expendiâ€" ture. The collapse in 1929 and subseâ€" quent years is too well rememâ€" bered to need recalling in deâ€" tail. Mass unemployment on a vast and prolonged scale appearâ€" ed for the first time in Canadian history. Grew Out of Crisis The Royal Commission on Doâ€" minionâ€"Provincial Relations â€" to give its full title â€" grew out of grave financial and social condiâ€" tions created in Canada by the financial burden of the last deâ€" pression, falling unequally on the various governments. These are questions many Canadians are asking. Momenâ€" tous decisions, â€" for action or against action, for this reform or for that reformâ€"will be made in the coming months. These concern every taxâ€"payer, because they affect his pocketâ€"book. They interest every Candaian because they affect the whole present basis of Confederation and will influence many of the future trends in social welfare, national development and the standard of living. What is the background of this Ccommission? How did it come into being? What conditions did it uncover in its two and a half years of inquiry? On January 14th, a Dominionâ€" Provincial Conference opens at Ottawa to discuss the recommenâ€" dations of the â€" Rowellâ€"Sirois Commission population. This is the first of a series of articles on the significance of the larly the effects of its iu:;:leu\en- tation on our farm and rural Rowellâ€"Sirois Upon Its Recommendation: Will Affect All the People By GENE BYRNES ilphnyet oi w CR0 Sheriiina ies io xt 2. hy cfi L U BA Te im in o ly ies C se prfy n n t3 ~ its The huge structure is part of the English landscape, complete with fields, woods, roads and hedges, and is as ncearly indisâ€" tinguishable as could be imazâ€" ined." "‘Photcgraphs (from the air) of one of the few buildings which has been designed from the outâ€" set in coâ€"operation with camouâ€" flage experts make one realize what could be achieved," it states. Great Britain has entered a new phase of camouflage, with a special kind of â€" architecture which blends with the landscape. This fact is reported in Naturc, Britain‘s official journal of s:iâ€" ence. New Architecture Aids Camouflage The government, early in 1937, appointed the Royal Commission on Dominion â€" Provincial Relaâ€" tions to inquire into these conâ€" ditions, to find facts and to make recommendations. Either the loads on certain governments must be lightened, Or their revenue sources must be amplified, or these two procedâ€" ures could be combined. on many governments, which even a return to normal times would not lift. ‘Remedy Must Be Found The health and welfare of hunâ€" dreds of thousands of people were suffering because governâ€" ments empowered to help them were not financially able to do so. Remedial action was impernâ€" tures and borrowings shackied a heavy deadâ€"weight debt load The sound policy, that the govâ€" erment unit whickh collected money should also spend it, had to be abandoned. Vast expendiâ€" The old principle of financial independence of government was violated over large areas of Canâ€" ada. Weaker units were tending to become financial wards of the Dominion Government. The Load of Debt After the exhaustion of muniâ€" cipal credit and provincial credit in the hardestâ€"hit areas, it was only pessible to continue to mainâ€" tain normal activities of governâ€" ment and relieve the distressed by borrowing from the Dominion Govrnment. As the depresstyn deepened, the weaker provinces followed the same path as the municipaliâ€" ties: namely, rising expenditures, falling revenues, more onerous taxes, stringent economy, sacriâ€" fice of essential services, use of all reserves, borrowing, which entailed heavier interest costs at higher interest rates, and finally, in the case of several provinces, the complete exhaustion of proâ€" vincial credit. Bee Hive Syrup selves in similar plight due to crop failure and the partial or ecomplete loss of income of their residents and taxâ€"payers. Jos had borâ€" PS12 oiermi ie Sik U P