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LOCATION OF ROADS. There are very many instances where, :( changing the course of a road ightly, municipalities would save a large sum in construction, and at the :me time produce a better road. iA ight deviation would frequently avoid swampy or wet groumd, or would do away with the necessity of expensive euts and fills. A hbill can sometimes The Great Need of This Country is Good Roadsâ€"â€"How to Build Them Economically Explained by an Expertâ€"â€"Useful Hints and Diagrams to the Road Builders of this Country. be avoided or the grade very much Milted. This is a matter in which few _ Do not scatle reduced by altering the location of the township engineers and surveyors ATO fling repairs 0 x:;d. There is a prejudice against takâ€" Gualified to decide, and certainly the _ Roads, culve! the roads from the lines laid down Wisdom of councillors. entirely with= ways be requil in the original survey, and property OUt professional training in such mat tion in the mo: owners prefer to have their farms ters, is not to be trusted. Cases bave able to requ bounded by straight lines. At the same OCcurred in which a difference of five omical. time the value of good roads to the Gdollars have influenced & council to a¢câ€" If statute la farm should not be overlooked, and COPt a tender for a bridge which was) cessful the wor whenever a change in the road allowâ€",manifestly, to a man of experience, ly planned and ance means the change from a bad to'“’ortlh less than the other by several | in view. a good road, or a change from a steep| bundred dollars; and which was indeed | rrave the wo to a gentle grade, the slight inconveniâ€" unsafe offering every likelihood of lml-‘i fore the day â€" ence created by the alteration of bounâ€"| Ure with attendant loss of life @Bd | worr Only ca dry limes will be many times repaid. &reat expense for reconstruction. _ It par of men and cunyERTS. is difficult to understand the action Of out the work i P . _ | Ssome councillors shrewd in other MAt~ a¢ thse impl In no branch of municipal work 18| ters in the construction of bridges and o implemeé so much momey wasted as in the ©OD~|other public works proceeding with ed to bring. struction and maintenance of $10166$ | gyep apparent disregard for the true Let no pathno and culverts. In most townships th"‘”linterests of those whom they represent. ers‘ statute la are built of timber. ‘Fimber is perishâ€" | &A small sum spent in securing reliable it has been dc able, culrerts are subjected to repeated | aqvice is as much a matter of economy | In justice to changes of wet and dry weather, the | jp public as in private affairs , labor returns | severest test to which timber could be RECENT ROAD LEGISLATION | bas not hbeen subjected. Each year a large number| Ths State of Massachusetts is oné og_ _ See that the of these culverts are renewed at & COSt |those which has taken advanced steps OUNt from the of from $5 to $50 each, in some tOWDâ€"~ | in road improvement. On petition of bave it expen( ships aggregating from $500 to $1,500, ‘. county, the state road commission The pathma and this is an anunal outlay. The lif® | may, with the ass ni of the Legislature, TO924% under of these structures is so short that itlldopt suy oad ithin the county as a hbheavy rainâ€"st is not more than five years before ""'state highway. Except that the gradâ€"| work in freei pairs are required and these repair$ iD |ing and bridging is done by the county, tions, filling t a short time amount almost to renewâ€"| the work thereafter, both comstruction Of water may al of the most expensive kind. A brOKâ€" |and maintenance is’under the suthorâ€" . * neglected. en plank. or stringer, a rotten 10@ Of |jty of the state ‘commission. Also on _ It is !MP®® any timber replaced with new at differâ€" | patition of two or more cities or towns, WOTk 91 clay 1 ent periods, makes the mainten@DC® a road between them may be made a O WAhiCD have very costly. and this class of structure state highway. The "state comâ€" 2004 bY heat the most temporary and expensive. NO | misgion" _ is mm of three comâ€" tor of the gra soomer have they all been rebuilt thaD | missioners who compile statistics, make IAStruCtions t we must again commence the reCOD~ investigations, advise regarding road "OÂ¥08 28 500N struction of the first, in this way th8 construction and maintenance, and hold COMO Sufficie! expenditure becomes perpetual _ @404 puplic meetings for the discussion of @04 NOt t0 !< fixes a large percentage of our aBDBUAL roaq matters. Oneâ€"fourth the cost of ; time Of statu‘ tax. If these culverts atre in _ thei" |construction is paid by the county the| when the groi proper locations, natural watercours¢$, | remaining threeâ€"fourths being paid by| _ With the m 73"r°lqh~*i§ ho ied Thop oo ue AlweY" the state. In 1894 the state spent $300,â€" ; build o. Py equired aml their constructio in thi â€" 3 * i the most durable manner is the best 000, in this way, in 1895 8400,000. and in brldgu, uy and most economical plan. f % ue . * WE WANT GOOD ROADS." For small culverts there is very litâ€" tle difference in the cost of timber and vitrified pipe. If properly laid the latâ€" ter will withstand the frost and is durâ€" able. These pipes may be used up to 18 inches in diameter; and the capacity may be increased by laying two or more rows. but the pipes should have at least ons foot of earth or other fillâ€" ing between them. Culverts of 5 or 10 feet span should be cement concrete arches. which is permanent if the conâ€" cret» is properly made. The concrete should be composed of first class cemâ€" ent: clean. sharp, silicious sand, free from earthy particles and coarse enâ€" ough to pass through a twenty mesh, sieve; clean gravel screened through an inch and a balf scereen the largest stones to be not more than two and on« half inches in diameter; or in place of gravel broken stones that will pass through a two and ons half inch ring. These materials should hbe mixed in the proportion of one cubic foot of cement, two cubic feet of sand and three cubic feet of gravel ar broken stons, with just enough water to make the whole imto a plastic mass. The sand and cemâ€" ent must first be mixed dry, then a sufficient quantity of water added to make it into a thick paste. It should then be thoroughly mixed again. spread out, the stons or gravel added, and the wholse thoroughly mixed until every stome is coated with the mortar, then put it in place. The wa‘lls should exâ€" tend well below the frost line and have a wing at the ends to protect the emâ€" bankment from washb. BRIDGES. Wooden bridges, except where timber is very plentiful in the immediate localâ€" ity, are not a good investment in view of the reduced cost of iron and steel, and the increasing cost of timber. Timâ€" ber decays quickly, and while cheaper than steel in first cost, is more expenâ€" sive after a term of years since the cost of repairs is very great. _ Cenerally speaking the cost of an iron superstrusture is more than that of wood. The substructure of stone or concrete is more expensive than pile or crib work, but as in other structures a firm foundation is most serviceable and economical. Wooden foundations from decay and other causes settle and the least settlement in the foundation twists the timber causing a disarrangeâ€" ment of the strains and frequently transferring the greatest load to the weakest point. Wherever timbers have a seat or bearing exposed, decay soon commences, and when least expected, collapses under a heavy load. _ _ Wherever timber is used in bridges it should be used in members from four | to six inches in thickness, the strength | of the beam or chord being obtained | by building several members together, | properly breaking joints, and coating each bearing with lead. A further | protection is to cover these built timbâ€" | ers with galvanized iron to protect the numerous joints and bearings from | moisture. All caps, corbles, chords, | braces and floor beams should be made | in this way so that the thickness of no | timber will be more than six inches.| A wooden bridge should be painted one | year after erection; iron bridge at time | of erection, and care should be taken to see that they are kept painted and | that all mnuts are kept tightened so| that each member may carry its fair share of the load, | The cost of renewing a wooden bridge . in which a man has to be sent to put . in a new timber from time to time, | will amount to twice the initial cost of | the bridge. In this way the ultimate cost of a timber structure becomes very great. The course pursued by some, indeed most municipalities in erecting iron bridges is likely, however, to result disâ€" By ‘A. W. Campbell, C. E., Road Commissioner of Ontario. ONTA asterously, and throw iron and steel| into disrepute. A council sdvertiua‘ for tenders. The companies responding supply their own plans and specificaâ€" tions. Thus far the procedure is enâ€"‘ tirely satisfactory. The difficulty arises when councils accept the lowest tender without obtaining the advice of an experienced builder of iron bridges as to the plans and specifications subâ€" mitted. This is a matter in which few township engineers and surveyors are qualified to decide, and certainly the wisdom of councillors. entirely withâ€" out professional training in such matâ€" ters, is not to be trusted. Cases bhave occurred in which a difference of five dollars have influenced a council to acâ€" cept a tender for a bridge which was manifestly, to a man of experience, : )woruh less than the other by several hundred dollats; and which was indeed ; unsafe offering every likelihood of failâ€" ure with attendant loss of life and . great expense for reconstruction. It is difficult to understand the action of some councillors shrewd in other matâ€" ters, in the construction of bridges and other public works proceeding with |§uflh apparent disregard for the true interests of those whom they represent. | A small sum spent in securing reliable advice is as much a matter of economy in public as in private affairs. RECENT ROAD LEGISLATION. The State of Massachusetts is one of those which has taken advanced steps in road improvement. On petition of |a county, the state road commission ‘lmay‘ with the ass ni of the Legislature, adopt any road within the county as a 'gtate highway. Except that the gradâ€" \ing and bridging is done by the county, the work thereafter, both construction \and maintenance, is under the authorâ€" ity of the state commission. Also on | petition of two or more cities or towns, a road between them may be made a state highway. The ‘"state comâ€" mission‘" is composed of three comâ€" missioners who compile statistics, make investigations, advise regarding road construction and maintenance, and hold public meetings for the discussion of road matters. Oneâ€"fourth the cost of EP In Michigan, upon a majority vote of the rate payers in any county, & county road system may be adopted. A board of commissioners five in number, are elected by the people to lay out, and construct certain of the leading roads, to be paid for and thereafter mainâ€" tained by a county rate. cce sapi uts READY TO RECEIVE THE GRAVEL.â€"Crossâ€"section. Showing earth shoulders as turned back by the grading machine. 1896 $600,000. It is intended that ul. ; pits, prepare gravel for hauling, conâ€" timately about oneâ€"tenth of the entire struct drains, operate the machinery. road mileage will be built as state high| (Use the statute labor :s far as posâ€" ways. sible in drawing gravel or broken in Michigan, upon a majority vote of | stone, tha rate navers in any county, &a county| Do not leave the gravel or broken CEREEECUE OO CE AAAAROAE CCC A bill has just passed the New York may hbe adopted as state roads. The peâ€" tition of a county council, certain roads ma yhe adopted as state roads. The peâ€" tition is first presented to the State Engineer. If he approves of the se tion of road thus sought to be improvâ€" ed, he prepares plans, sepcifications and estimates. These are presented to the legislature and, if approved by that body, 50 per cent. of the cost of conâ€" struction is paid by the state. The New Jersey Highway law prOâ€" vides that on the petition of the owners of twoâ€"thirds of the land bordering on a road, the state Commissioner of Public Roads will cause the road to be improved in accordance with plans and specifications prepared by him. subâ€" ject to the approval of the Legislature. The owners of the land affected by the improvement pay oneâ€"tenth of the cost; the county pays sixâ€"tenths; and the state threeâ€"tenths. Connecticut has introduced a plan of highway improvement providing for the appointment of three state comâ€" missioners. When a township votes in favor of constructing a road under the provisions of the State Highway Act, specifications are prepared and submitâ€" ted to the state commissioners. If the commission approves.. the township council lets contracts for the work,. to be performed under the supervision of the state commissioners. Oneâ€"third . _ The State of Rhode Island has apâ€"~ pointed a commissioner of highways. |\ When a council represents to the comâ€" \ missioner the need for improving & cerâ€" \tain road, an examination is made by him. If he considers the work nece$ ‘ sary, he prepares plans, specifications and estimates; and reports to the munâ€" | icipalities affected, also to the state 1°gâ€" | islature as to the proportion in which the expense should be met by the state ‘and the municipalities benefited. _ !f the state legislature appraves the woOrk is performed by contract. 3 of the cost is paid by the state; oneâ€" third by the county; and oneâ€"third by the township. The expenditwre by the state in this way is limited to $75,000 annually. Vermont and California also contTlâ€" bute largely in the form of state 2i4 while Indianna Kentucky and othets contribute to a less degree. Only the bare outlines of the systems have been stated, with the object of showing the prominence the question of road !IMâ€" provement has attained of recent years, adopted within the past five years. In adopted within the past five years, In all these systems, safeguards are placed to prevent the expendituwre exceeding, for any state or any locality, certain reasonable limits, according to requireâ€" ments and ability to meet the payâ€" ments. In most of these states the tax is so levied that the towns and cities pay the greater portion of the cost of state road construction; for exâ€" ample. in the State of New York it is estimated that the people outside of the TORONTO towns and cities will pay omly 10 POf leent of the cost, Roads that "break up" are bad r0ad8. Make road improvements in suth & way that they will be perm,nn»nl‘..‘rh t t e s now 12 ko nkintk CBg_ CABIty OBR PPRRL CE ENOC Whether by statute labor Of other means undertake roadwork systemaâ€"~ tically. Appoint & supervisor who will have charge of all the roadwork. | _ _ ;. CECERECJ * Appoint & supervisor who will have charge of all the roadwork. Make road bea :s five miles in length, choose the best men as pathmasters. l-m‘i keep them in office . Classifvy the roads according to the Classify the roads according W *"* nature and extent of traffic over them‘: smeSuIre BW CAWOOY TC CC afe envount Specify the width of grade, AMOUNE of crown, plan of drainage, kind, wid mR and depth of material to be used, an see that these specifications are carried out. he Purchase gravel by the pit not by t load. Use clean road material. Strip the clay and earth from over the gravel pit, tefore the time of perâ€" forming statute labor. _ s If screening or crushing 13 _neC”; sary, let this be done before the time 0 statute labor. y k i Do not scatter money in m:klgtgu:; i i I rary stru« s. fling repairs on temporatTy SUF"M" /° ,° fling repairs on temporary SUTUC®â€"UO!A Roads, culverts and bridges will alâ€" ways be required, and their construcâ€" tion in the most durable manner, suitâ€" able to requirements, is most econâ€" omical. If statute labor is to be made sucâ€" cessful the work must be systematicalâ€" 1y planned and some definite .end kept in view. Have the work properly laid out beâ€" fore the day appointed to commence work. Only call out a sufficient numâ€"~ ber of men and teams to properly carry out the work in hand and notify them of the implements each will be requirâ€" ed to bring. Let no pathmaster return a rateâ€"pAY= ers‘ statute labor as performed, unless it has been done to his satisfaction. In justice to others make the statuteâ€" labor returns clearly ; show what work has not heen done. _ _ P See that the council collects the amâ€" ount from the delinquent parties and bhave it expended the next year. The pathmaster should inspect the roads under hbis charge after every heavy rainâ€"storm. _ A few minutes‘ work in freeing draing from, obstrucâ€" tions, filling holes, diverting a current of water may save several days‘ work if neglected. It is impossible to do satisfactory work on clay roads which are very wet, or which have become baked and hardâ€" ened by heat and drought. The operaâ€" tor of the grading machine should have instructions to commence work on clay roads as soon as the ground has beâ€" come sufficiently settled in springâ€" and not to leave this work until the time of statute labor, usually in June, when the ground is hard and dry. With the money which can be spent, build permanent culverts, permanent bridzes. buy machinery, buy gravel _ Do not leave the gravel or broken stone just as it drops from the wagon. Spread the metal. _ _ 5 3 Crown the road with a rise of one inch to the foot from side to centre so as to shed water from the roadway to the drainsg. PhÂ¥k _ Give the open drains a good fall to a free outlet. Lay tile underdrainga where needed. " & Drain thoroughly. Keep the road surface dry. Keep the earth underâ€" neath the surface dry. Use road machinery. Use graders, stone crushers and road rollers. Improved machinery is as necessary for good and economical work as are selfâ€"binders and steamâ€"threshers. 5 Employ one man to take charge of the machinery. He will become exâ€" perienced and do better and cheaper work. £ _ The same teams should e always emâ€" ployed to operate the graders. They CoOMPOsSITION OF THE AVERAGE ROAD.â€"Crossâ€"section. Daily gravel is dropped on the roads without {further treatment. The stones are forced down into the mud, and the mud comes to the surface. give better service. become accustomed to the work and : â€"Aubtnliinedtct: 6 Tt dntabcinte ts Do not cover an old gravel road, with sod and earth from the sides of the road. Turn this earth and sod outâ€" ward and raise the centre with new gravel. ® i ~ wbubAcds Adopt every means to secutre a hard, smooth, waterproof surface, Do not let stones roll loosely on the road. Do not let ruts remain. They make travelling difficult, and spoil the road by holding water. Make repairs as soon as the defect appears. Use wide tires. Improve the drainage of the hills. Make the crown of the roadway higher than on level ground. Chufio the location of the road if a steep hill can be avoided. Do not use wood for culverts. Use concrete, vitrified pipe or stone. Do not build wooden bridges. Use iron, stone or concrete. Build good roads. Mistaken in His Man.â€"Wallaceâ€"And did you make him eat his words? Harâ€" greavesâ€"No. He turned out to be one of those fellows who would rather fight than eat. | iÂ¥ The Burgular And The Public House, "Yes," I replied, looking at the building we were approaching, "but a strange positionâ€"away from the high road, and surrounded by villas." "A very strange position. We will rest in the publicâ€"house, and I will tell you how it came to be built in such a strange position." 4 smiled, and followed him into the saloon bar. We ‘sat at one of the tabâ€" les, and were silent for a time, he thinking) and I watching him. "The ;tory begins,‘"‘ he said, presentâ€" ly, "with a burglary committed by a certain Bill Jones, one night long ago. "Bill was p young member of the profession. Hitherto he had not atâ€" tempted anything very big, but conâ€" tinued success in small things had made him bold. On this night he broke into the house of a wellâ€"known actress, in the hope of carrying off her jewels, "He succeeded in getting the jowels and was leaving with them when he found that the slight noise he had made had attracted attention. A serâ€" vant girl met him at a turn of the stairway and began to shriek. He rushed by her and to the window through which he had entered. _ As he passed through it again he beard doors being opened, and knew that the house was fully aroused." "I understand," I said. "Bill escapâ€" ed. The actress employed a . detecâ€" tive. The detective built this public house in an outâ€"o[â€"theâ€"way place, hopâ€" ing that Bill, as an outâ€"ofâ€"theâ€"way young man, would call in one day for & drink. Curiously enough, Bill did." Blanco Watson frowned. ‘This is an intellsctual story,"‘ be said; ‘"it does not depend on coincidâ€" ences. "I will continue. Bill avoided the first pursuit by a Jlong run across country, and then walked toward his home, not daring to use the railway. He kept to the byâ€"roads as much as possible, and at the close of the next day had reached the neighborhood of London. "A spade lying inside a field gate suggested to him the advisability of hiding the jewels until he bhad arrangâ€" ed for their sale, After making sure that he was not observed, he enterâ€" ed the field and picked up the spade, A tree of peculiar growth stood just beyond him, In the manner of fiction be counted twenty steps due north from the tree, and then dug a deep hole, placed the jewels in it, and filled It up again. "A .ine public house," said Blanâ€" ) Watson, the humorist. "He arrived home safely that night but was arrested in the morning, The servant girl had given an accurate deâ€" scription of him to the police, and they had recognized it. "In due course he was tried. The evidence rgainst him was very strong. The servant girl swore that he was the man she met on the stairs; some of the villagers swore that they had seen bhim near the house previously to the burglary. He was found qguilty and sentenced to seven years‘ penal serâ€" vit ude, "Bill behaved very well in prison, and at the end of five years was reâ€" leased on a ticketâ€"ofâ€"leave. Hoe deâ€" cided,; to wait until the ticket had exâ€" pired, and then get the jewels and leave â€" the _ country. But a day or two after his release he walked out td look at the field. "There was no field. During the five years ‘he had been in prison the estate of which the field was part had been built upon. He wandered about the houses in despair, But, as he turned a corner, he saw something which sugâ€" gested hope. Behind some railings was a tree of curious growth. h "It was the tree twenty steps due morth of which he had buried the jewâ€" els. He recognized it immediately, and ran toward it. Again he was in deâ€" spair. A yard or two north of the tree was a chapel, and the jewels were under the chapel. He leaned against the railings, covering his face with his hands. "It happened presently that the head deacon of the chapel, a kindly old man, came down the road. He saw Bill standing like one in trouble, and stopp&fl and asked what was the matâ€" ter and whether he could help. . "For a few moments Bill did not know what to reply, but then he spoke well. He said that once he had been w burglar, but that he had learned in prison that burglary is wrong; that now he was trying to live an honest life, but that, as he had no friends, it was not easy. (yo x m t s3 "The: old man was touched. He had found Bill leaning against the chapâ€" el railings, and Bill had said that he had, no friends. . Was it not his duty as head deacon of the chapel to be a friend to Bill? Clearly it was.. "He took Bill home with him; he was & bachelor, and there was no one to restrain his benevolence. ‘They had supper and talked together. The deaâ€" con found Bill intelligent and fairly well educated, and offered him emâ€" ployment. He was a builder in the neighborhood, he explained, and had a vacancy in the works. Bill gnto- fully accepted the offer, ‘and began 3}:’ new career on the following Monâ€" y. ‘"Months passed. Bill had changed wonderfully. He had forgotten his old habits and lexrned new ones. The deacon was delighted. Not only was Bill the best of his workmen, but he was the most regular attendant at the chapgl. *>_ .;>.~â€" . >7. _7 cce "Bill longed for the jewels, and he worked hard because he knew that money would helg‘him to get the jewels, the seat he had taken being juast twent just twentl etas due north from the tree, At first had meditated digâ€" ging down through the floor one night, but the chances of detection were great and he had given up come an invalid, and managed, his business portant man at the was often entrusted : ELC â€"bites Simtendiiethontinnnnanne wpe portant man at the chapel, too, and was often entrusted with a collectionâ€" box. One day the deacon died. Soon afterward it was known that, having no near relatives, he had Jleft his proâ€" perty to his friend William Jones." "I see |" I exclaimed; "Billâ€"" Blanco Watson shook his head. "Bill was Bill no longer," he said. "He had become a man of wealth. At the next election of deacons he was one of ghe successful candidates. In future we must refer to him as Mr. Jones, and not as Bill "Mr. Jones Mas a most energetio daasan Ha introduced new members "Mr. Jones »was & moSl ©B°‘6°*"* deacon. He introduced new members and he persuaded old ones to attend more regularly. He started a young men‘s literary society and & series of Saturday entertainments. He made the chapel the most popular in the disâ€" trict; and then, at a New Year‘s busiâ€" ness meeting, bhe struck boldly for the jewels. s "The chapel was too small, he said in the course of an eloquent speech. They must erect another on alarger site. There was but one such site in ;, the neighborhood. They must â€" secure it before others did. He himself would undertake the building operations, charging: only what they cost him. He would also purchase the old chapel, The net expenditure peed not be very great. ""‘The proposal was well received and a committee, with Mr. Jones as chairâ€" man, was appointed to consider the deâ€" tails. Their report was very favorâ€"| able, and at another business meetâ€"| ing it was decided to carry out the | proposal. | "The necessary funds were subscribâ€"| ed or guaranteed. Contracts were made with Mr. Jones. In the spring | of that year the building operations were commenced, and by the autumn ithey were finished. The congregation removed to the new chapel. Mr. Jones | ;purchased the old one at a high price | and entered into possession. [* y "And then," I said, "IL suppose he got the jewelst" Blanco Watson laughed. "No," he said, "he did not. He broke up the floor himself, counted the steps due north from the tree again, and dug. He did not find the jewels. He counted the steps again and dug deeLp- ‘ Bonaparte‘s expedition for the conâ€" | quest of Egypt and the Orient had been |organizing for many months at Toulon. On May 9, 1798, Nelson sailed with a | flying squadron from Gibraltar to scout off the French port and ascertain the ‘mission of the French fleet. But the enemy eluded him completely, left Toulâ€" ‘on with Bonaparte‘s army and disapâ€" peared at sea with Nelson none the wisâ€" er for having appeared in the Gulf of Lyons. er. He did not find them. Then he tried other places, but, although he kept on until he had tried everywhere beneath the floor, he never found the jewels," "Why, what had become of them ?" "I cannot say. It is possible that when the foundation was being laid "Years a workman had discovered and apâ€" propriated, them. Again, it is possible that t here were two trees of similarly curious growth, and that the one outâ€" side the chapel was not the one Mr. Jones first saw. Againâ€""‘ P d t;;i;-hnrhu Ei;e-gory to do with the publicâ€"house? But I can guess." "Of course you can. Mr. Jones was very angry with the chapel members. He considered that by false pretenses, they had led him into buying the old chapel dearly and building the new one cheaply. He resigned his deaconâ€" ship, and then sought a way to be reâ€" venged on them. He found one, On the site of the old chapel he built a publicâ€" houseâ€"this publicâ€"house in which we have sat so long. Two Years Forcing a Trafaigar and Months Catching Bonaparte. Lord Nelson was the greatest and most successful admiral the world proâ€" duced, down to the days of steam powâ€" er, yet on more than one occasion he let his enemy slip past and lead him a heartâ€"rending chase for months before a blow could be struck. Reinforced by ten ships of the line Nelson started in pursuit,. But he kept missing the French fleet. He called at Alexandria in Egypt, but no French ship was there. Then he chased off to Byracuse, but still no enemy. Finally after about three months of vain purâ€" suit he appeared on August 1 off Alexâ€" andria again, and there he beheld the object of his search anchored in Abouâ€" kir Bay. The army of Bonaparte had been safely landed. The complete deâ€" struction of the French fleet followed, however, and the uitimate ruin of the Egyptian campaign was assured. ‘The campaign of Trafalgar, perhaps the most memorable in naval history, was infinitely more trying to the paâ€" tience of both Nelson and the English people than any before it. ‘The British admiral blockaded Toulon, where the French fleet was fitting for sea, a full year and a half, and in all that time not once did he touch foot on the land. And how were his perseverance and vigilance rewarded ? On January 18, 1805 the enemy broke away and swept off to sea. It effected a junction with the Spanish fleet at Cadiz, which Nelâ€" son had determined to prevent. Then the allied force sailed to the West Inâ€" dies with Nelson in pursuit. The chase continued back to Europe again, withâ€" out success, and Nelson thereupon left his ship and returned temporarily to England. It was not until October 5, 1805 over eight months after the French force had escaped from Toulon harbor that Nelson finally met it and the Spanish allies in battle off Cape Trafalgar. > Magistrate (to the accused)â€" It apâ€" pears that you gave the plaintiff a bl;ck eye t 3 risonerâ€"Yes, your worship, but I‘m quite prepared to give him halft a sovereign as compensation. Magistrate (to plaintiff)â€"You hear what the defer:dant says! Are you willing to accept the halfâ€"sovereign?t Plaintiff (eagerly)â€"Rather|(To the | like him. Gone off and insured himâ€" defendant): Come outeide, old chap, ‘ self for a fortune, and he hasn‘t inâ€" and black the other eye. sured me for a > HOW NELSON HUNTED FLEETS. RATHER I The deacon had D6â€" and Bill practically ess. He was an imâ€" THE QUEEN‘S HINDOO ATTENDANTS In the days of Roman Empire the Caesars broupht captive to the Eterâ€" nal City, Princes and potentates of their conquered outposts. The lot of the captives are not always a happy or contented one, though some of them, it is recorded, established relaâ€" tions in Rome, which advanced them to high positions of honor about the Caesars. Some such idea or a developâ€" ment would appear to apply to the Hindoo attendants of the Empress of India, and our Gracious Queen. She has at the present time three Indian atâ€" tendants, who look to her personal comfort, and a chef over the Eastern kitchen, which is called into use when distinguished visitors from India go to London. The Orientsl department of Drive Them to a Secluded Place, The Collie is a wonderful dog, the most intelligent and faitkful of the race. I will tell you an anecdote illusâ€" trating the sagacity of this friend of the shepherd and his flockâ€"thoroughâ€" ly authentic, but marvelous beyond beâ€" lief. It was long the custom in the Scottish Highlands, says Sheep Breeder to mark the sheep by impressing witl a hot iron a certain letter upon their faces,. The shepherds of Tweeddale had far a long time been missing a few of the choicest of their flocks. and one day a blackâ€"faced ewe returned to he1 lamb from beyond the river, with the letter O burned iover the T that was ber owner‘s brand. A farmer living is a wild and secluded glen, shut in by crag and mountain, where the mist ‘came down like darkness and the eagle | screamed . above the cataract, was ‘ known to use the letter O as his "hbirn." The glen was searched and 660 stolen sheep recovered. He confessed his crimes and was executed in the city of \ Edipn‘twurgh fin 1773. UJUpon the preâ€" | Utense of buying he would visit the telnse of buying bhe would visit the flocks in the vale of Tweed, accompaniâ€" ed by his Collie Yarrow, and point out those sheep that he wished him to drive home. Then he would ride off to his own glen, passing through every hamâ€" let and calling at every inn on the way,. Yarrow, concealed on some hillâ€" , side among t he heather, would wait for the darkness to come and hide his evil deeds from the light of the sun ; then be would select every sheep that his MUNSIII ABDUL KARILM. The Queen‘s Indiau Secretary. the Royal bhousehold is in charge of her private Indian secretary, Hafla Habdul Karim, who belongs to a good family at Agra, and has been in Her Majesty‘s service since the jubilee year, 18}7, discharging his duties faithfully and well. The Queen speaks and reads Hindustani with considerâ€" able proficiency, and she also shows devotion to Indian art. Nothing gave the Indian cavalry officers who form® ed a guard of honor to the Queen in the diamond jubilee procession last year more pleasure than the fact t hat they received their jubilee medals from her own hands. Would Steal Sheep for His Master and darive them rapidly by unfrequented paths over mountain and moor to his own dark glen, before the weather gleam of the eastern hills began to be tinged with the brightening dawn. There the "birn" was canceled by the letter O in an enclosure in the hollow of a hill, Yarrow keeping faithufl guard outside, and never failing to notify his master of the approach of had his life insured for a large amount. Mrs. Sourfaceâ€"He has, has he?t Just like him. Gone off and insured himâ€" AN INTELLIGENT SHKEDP DOG. Neighborâ€"I hear your husband has m%f. life insured {orn large amount. MUMTAZ HUSAIN, The Queen‘s Indian Chef. A SELFISH MAN. #ym1 The | stance, you eften happe low in healt wf the othe plaint other, time, wards When One Was Too â€"Amustng Remarkable '3 How many shi been weaved ar erli But howeve been written on something extr interesting in Hfe, which are £ most persons be sently greatly e Interview with a gone deep into scientific stan thered together ses of the rese Its amusing ro writer in London I have & couple books filled with twins, said t} majority of th is the in in In in w11 THE PECULIAR PATHY BET to t} land who had the erossed in the po ment concerning dia, who certain ing sanything lik a malady, Agai #d, though the is esonsiderably long ther. Some yes ©c t1 ©C8a l" tac which J than a very and c tin or ©1 EXTRAORD ol *) #} @1 €gid to town. during th creased sC convinced took to i until she the accide ber rhev But the fac! lbweing most pe brotbher died a or soâ€"the gir â€"sink into &A Y vaal, but entire after his death excellent heal like ber broth bust, says she dying hber brot i delicacy @aWaY strength as af Whether the suggestion or say; but I d"i not beâ€"t wip markable my Resemblance scome maoross #0 nasoes of resem were their T ng ATTACK O We n D n ong Y town ve nnouncen« ns twins, al own p® t y al ense #1 n n n s bet D mu whe n M v iCB M« KT