The following text may have been generated by Optical Character Recognition, with varying degrees of accuracy. Reader beware!

The Governments that have ap- proved sanctions against Italy at Ge.. neva, find themselves, when it comes to the point of putting theory into practice, in the strange position of . having adopted measures not yet agreed on, or, in other words, of hav.. ing pledged themselves to apply sane- tions which they have not previously approved. The Assembly thus nomi- nated the Committee of coordination on sanctions before defining them. This so-called work of coordination has bee), undertaken on the basis of r" the antiUtalian measures prepared in advance by the British government, and subsequently supported by Bol- shevist Russia. But the measures to be applied against Italy, if they serve - -on the one hand the cause of British imperialism and on the other that of demoralization by bolshevism, will af- .fect, instead, the interests of all the other countries called on to enforce 'them. The interruption of economic . relations with Italy, entails the loss ' of a market of 44 million people. If I? this is injurious to each of the coun. tries interested in that market, it is 'also a general loss to all, especially l iJT'these times of crisis and of trade , barriers when it is not only difficult I to find markets but also to keep [ them. This is why the efforts of ma-. - ny countries to reconcile the applies. tion of sanctions with their own in- terests, often end by rendering the W sanctions themselves ineffective, In theory we have sanctions, in practice exceptions. And here we have in sight yet another cause for disagree- ment between countries which will mean the weakening of continental unity in Europe. This may be advan- tageous to British imperialism who. se desire for domination would be facilitated by a divided Europe, and 4rclst,:i,sg., which lies in wait for any opportunity for fanning a con- flict favourable to revolutionary dis, turbances. This explains British in- sistenee on sanctions, and it also ex- plains the Soviet move for enforcing them also against those countries which are opposed to League action, that is to say to Anglo-Soviet policies in this matter. One wonders not only how far the different countries will be able to follow this path they have entered on, but also how far collabor. ation will be possible between two such different forces as British im- perialism and Russian bolshevism inevitably fated to strive one against the other (notwithstanding this mo.. mentary agreement, accounted for in _Ei'nd by the desire to strike a Mt the growing power of Italy, and in the U. S. S. R. by the hope of overthrowing Fascism.) Eden has certainly found a dangerous ally in Litvinov. Each is trying to use the other for his own ends, but before long they will again be adversaries, as their respective natures require. The French intellectuals who sig- ned the manifesto against sanctions, noted in this struggle against Italy a serious Sign of mental disease in Western civilization of which we can see symptoms in the formation of the anti-Italian front which is the result of a strange union between conser- vative interests, such as those of -British imperialism, and the destruc- tive interests such as those antifas... cist forces in general. Meanwhile, it is becoming more and more evident that sanctions are substantially contrary to the spirit which ought to animate the League of Nations. The decision to enforce them was arrived at by forcibly dis.. Curbing League procedure and tramp-. ling on the rights of Italy. And now in their desire to strike yet another blow at her, they have achieved the essentially anti-League result of rendering yet more difficult the econ.. omic life of the Nations which are called on to apply sanctions against her. BA . __ "i V - - - it "h' Li" ss,rt',"ir,t,ue 287 CLAREMONT Sr. TEL. LL. 0101 ' . 'rumnN'ru. "STAIN" i THE FmST SANCTIONS tl BOLLE'IrNNO ITALO-CANAD'ESE A foreign telegraphic agency re- cently gave out the information that es1l-informed international financial [circles recognize the fact that Italy has no need for credits. The economic sanctions (reduction or interdiction of exports to Italy of raw materials, and boycotting of Italian exports as desired by Great Britain) have produced a first moral reaction which is summed up in the statement made by the "Giornale d'1- talia": "They are the definite proof of Italy's need to break through the barriers of steel which enclose her within territories poor in natural re.. sources, barriers erected by the great Empires rich in colonies and raw materials." This means renewed de- termination to carry this African enterprise through to the end thus securing for Italy those natural re- sources and the field for expansion she so greatly needs and to which she is entitled. Undoubtedly, from the point of view of international justice, these sanctions are outrageous; they have been agreed on in the belief that they The financial and economic saneti.. ons find,Italy ready and prepared to resist; they will entail sacrifices, but she is fully decided to accept them. Even before the decisions taken at Geneva, Great Britain and some other countries had placed a veto on all loans or commercial credits to Italy, and Italy replied by paying in cash. For the immediate future, the Government disposes' of large ,hidden reserves in the shape of foreign se- curities and credits held by Italian citizens and surrendered by them to the Government. It should also be noted that Italy's share of the loans made more especially to Central Eu... rope, issued mostly in London after 1918, amounts to 18 million pounds sterling. The social assets and the economic financial equipment created in 13 years by the Regime, along with the deflationary policy followed an'd the abstention from incurring those foreign loans which have become so customary elsewhere, enable Italy to say in answer to these sanctions: "We shall continue to ask for noth.. ing, and therefore there will be no opportunity for refusing us what we do not ask for." And here we would note as symtomatic of the full sup- port given to the Government, the spontaneous and eonspieuous offers of gold made to the State by private citizens and organizations, thus rein,. forcing the national reserves. At any rate, this measure has a political value, but no one can believe that it answers the purpose of placing Ethiopia in a position to defend her sovrisignty, as sovreignty can only be pleaded in the case of a real State, and Ethiopia cannot be described as one. This was shown not only by the Italian Memorandum but by the Le. ague of Nations itself when it pro- posed international control over Ethi.. opia. It is moreover proved by the fact that as soon as military oper. ations started, influential Abyssinian chiefs, with all their followers and the land under them, came over to Italy, as they realized that an Itali- an occupation alone would enable Ethiopia to enjoy the benefits of a real government. Sanctions can have only one practical effect: that of pro- longing the war and causing more blood-shed; an effect which is evi- dently not in keeping with the paci- fist principles boasted by the League of Nations. The difficulties arising from the heavier armament of the Abyssinians will be unable to have a decisive effect on Italian military at- tion. raises the embargo on arms for Ethi- opia, while applying it to Italy, is the assertion of an anti-Europe principle in obedience to which Europe is arm- ing a conglomeration of African tri- bes against a European nation. No comments are necessary! The "Tribuna" rightly r e m a r k s that for the last ten months Italy has been economically mobilized than' to a series of measures approved and applied independently of the Italo- Ethiopian dispute and of the anti- Italian measures. This was done to meet the policy of closed markets and the import quotas, a "policy of sanctions before the letter which ex- ists in the relations between States." These measures, systematically orga- nized, afford a basis for a defensive 'action which will be no less effective fin the present circumstances. Italy is therefore prepared to answer League economic sanctions, and G e n e v a knows it as is shown by the fact that the several countries have not yet 'succeeded in coming to an effective agreement for the application. But the economic regime that Great Bri- tain, acting through the League, cla- ims the right to force on Italy cannot but lead to more or less serious con- sequences for other countries, beca. luse, given the importance of the Ita- lian market the enforcement of sane, tions will disturb the entire system of international commercial relations. Echoes of the uneasiness felt in many States that supply the Italian market have also reached Geneva. The econ- omy of these States will be sensibly affected by these sanctions which imply the loss of the Italian market. Italy, for her part, is watching and is resolved later on to revise all her international trade relations in accor- dance with the action taken by each single country towards her. Economic sanctions are a two-edged sword. The "Tribuna" sums up" the unanimous sentiment of the Italian people as follows: "Those traditional trade cur- rents which may be held up by those mad and useless sanctions, and re.. placed by others, must be considered as having come to an end, never to be revived again." These words do not express simply the desire for 1e- gitimate retaliation, but must be considered as part of a well devised programme of action, which Virginio Gayda, director of the "Giornale d'L. talia", summed up as follows: "The Italian nation, now made aware of the possibility of being beseiged and blockaded, must provide not only for the present, but also for the future, by detaching itself from international economic life and devoting all its ef.. forts towards securing that economic self-sufficiency over which it can exercise an ever greater measure of control". Uoi1ULVl . ' Tocooousooooooooooooooooooi 99069909000600009000090900oooooooooooeoooo900909999 l 'Will be effective because Italy is a poor country, while they would have no effect whatever if applied against well-supplied countries such as those which proposed, or rather, forced 'them through. On the other hand, they are a weapon which only rich countries can adopt, and serve only to perpetuate great international inequalities and to solidify the pri- vileges enjoyed by rich countries over poor ones. The League of Nations could not have conceived anything more anti-League in its spirit and essence. _ Italy can defend herself by buying from countries outside the League and from those which have not voted the sanctions, by putting into effect the modern discoveries of her nation- al technique, thanks to which - 23 are assured - wonders will be ac- complished. For instance, the pro- duction of synthetic wool from milk waste has already reached the stage of industrial production, and the sa- me may be said for the production of carbides from beet alcohol; "gaso- gone" is also being used as a substi- tute for petrol, and hemp will take the place of foreign textile fibre The use of coal will be reduced by employing electric energy, and the coal, heretofore purchased from Great Britain, will in the future be bought elsewhere. And as for wheat, the supplies required for national needs have been assured. Pagamenti effettuati per Posta e Telegramma nel minore tempo possibile. Tutte le pratiche necessarie per fare nn buon viaggio in Jtalia ed un facilitatn ritorno in Canada dilhiiis I It li '- "' ' Con i Gi', cram" vannri tlel mom] M. MISSURI & (TONI PANY IMllilrLcon i piti grandi vapori del mondo FORTE RIDUZIONE " SUI BIGLIETTI DI ANDATA E RITORNO RIMESSE DI DENARO IN ITALIA ' F ,\T»-11'u1tima votazione per le ele- zioni munieipali, ' come nellelnteee-. denti, abbiamo dovuto fare un'o?" vazione Che vale ia peha far t6riosce- re agli interessati. Nelle schede so- no elencati generalmente due, cinque, dieci nomi, dei quali bisogna sceglieru ne uno (come per il sindaco), quattro (come per i controllori), due (come per gli aldermen), ecc. Scommettia-l mo che i1 cinquanta per cento degli, 'elettori non sanno con esattezza a." quanti nomi hanno il diritto di votaFI ire, cioé di apporre la croce e nel dubbio si limitano ad uno. Questa la ragione perché una grande quantita' delle schede non sono complete, cioé invece di votare per quattro eontroL) Iori hanno votato per uno 0 due e co- i (ii seguito. l Sarebbe bene che le autorita' ri, 'parassero a questa mancanza aggiuml 'gendo una riga nella parte superiore della scheda, dove si diea: VOTARE eee . The following article which appe- ared in the British publication, "The Patriot", on December 5th, 1935, may be of interest to your numerous re- aders: PER UNO, 0 VOTARE PER DUE, "New York- A black-skinned prin- cess who observes Kashruth and the Jewish Sabbath, who claims to be a Falasha (Abyssinian) Jewess and a cousin of Emperor Haile Selassie of Ethiopia, is now visiting in New York on a good-will mission for her country. Clothed in a blend of Oriental and American clothes, the swarthy damsel, who calls herself Princess Rasari Heshla Tamania, is staying at the ultra-orthodox Central Hotel at Broadway. When interviewed by the Jewish press, she declared in a mixture of German, Hebrew and English that her mother and the Em- peror's father were brother and sis- ter. In other words, the Emperor of 1byssinia is also a Falasha Jew. 2 Elettricisti Editor, "il Bollettino" Sir:- Te Princess explained that" he is posing as a Christian for political re- asons, but that he nevertheless ob- serves the Jewish dietary laws and the Sabbath." "--We have an in- stinctive feeling that the-Abyssinians would have fared much better had they kept the fact that their King is descended from Solomon by the Queen of Sheba a dead seeret.---In the meantime, one considers it very 'cnsportsmanlike for Abyssinia to have so embarrassed the League of Nations. A descendant of Solomon should have been wiser." Through the fog of mis- representations and hate created by interests inimical to Italy, intelligent Britishers are slowly but surely dis- rerning important facts and truths When-by they can explore the Italo- Ethiopian situation in the light of I' ality. '6_o6096tpH6r6trdesktislre4 o t, L. PERFE'ITI . t Gié elettricista nel Regio t b Govemo Italiano t Noi abbiamo la licenza della citté con relativa garenzia di $1000 per assicurare la perfe- zione dei lavori. 298 Simcoe St. AD. 4683 IMPIANTI ELETTRICI PER MOTOR] E ILLUMINAZIONE Riparazioni di ogni specie. Massima Garanzia Servizio Eccellente. Misrepresentations LE SCHEDE ELETTORALI A F ALASHA SEO CONTRATTORE Woodstock, Ontario "FIAT JUSTITIA" ni. Il treno degli italiani parti' da Vancouver perrMontreal qualche tern- po dope il 24 maggio 1915. L'entrata iin guerra dell'Italia signified per gli emigranti molte cose; sopra tutto 1i 'riabilité ai propri occhi. L'Italia com.. batteva al fianco della Gran Breta. gna e della Francia. Il treno dei ri- chiamati lascié il Pacifico, raccolse iper via contadini, muratori, ferrovie. "ri, manovali, terrazzieri. Sul treno montarono gli italiani che avevano lasciato 1e foreste e le miniere della Columbia Britannica, gli italiani del- la prateria,' farmers e domatori di cavalli, gli italiani dei pozzi di petro- lio dell'Alberta, quelli che lavoravano (Sui cantieri delle ferrovie. 11 treno 'era enorme, a ogni stazione raeeoglie- va volontari e richiamati, gli italiani _sempiromr-ssr, Presto di. vista e di 'canzoni; col gesso e il carbone seris.. 'seto sui vagoni 1e iserizioni 1eggenda. tie: "Torniamo in Italia", "Andiamo a fare la guerra", "Andiamo a pren- dere Trento e Trieste", "Britanni UC- 'coci qua". Iscrizioni 'in inglese, in L. 'taliano, in francese, l'ortografia non ;sempre si salvé, il patriottismo si'. L'Italial La voce della grande ma. dre degli emigranti era arrivata si- no ai ghiacci della Baia di Hudson, sino alle praterie, dentro 1e foreste, A staziom' perdute del West e del Middle West il treno si fermava per raecogliere sia pure un uomo valido. A quelle stazioni le soeieU' di mutuo soccorso, le logge, le confraternite, i circoli italiani erano presenti con 1e bandiere, 1e insegne, le musiche, e i discorsi. Britannici, scozzesi, fran- cesi, e insomma canadesi festeggiaro- no quel treno; qualche volta a denti stretti. Recentemente é state pubblicato dalla Casa Editrice Ceschina di ML Iano, un libro: "Troppo Grano Sotto La Neve" di G. G. Napolitano. Par, leremo di esso pia' particolaregziata- mente, intanto diciamo che g il pri.. mo libro italiano dedicate al Canada. Vi sono 1e impressioni di viaggio con molti nomi. Per Toronto. ad esem- pio ei parla di Goggio,' Grittani, San.. some, Mari, Perilli, Missori, Maroeeo, Scandiffio, padre Truffa, del Circe- io Colombo, eee. E' un libro interessantissimo. Stralciamo un capitoletto perché nel memento attuale serve a dimo. strare come si sono comportati gl'L, taliani del Canada, quando si tratt6 Hi andare a difendere gl'interessi britannici; quando gl'italiani non e. rano gl'indesiderabili; quando la v0- ce della Patria Si fece sentire. Per tutta 1a durata d/ quel viaggio gli emigrati si sentirono padroni del Canada, pari fra i pari; molte umi- liazioni furono cancellate, ih poche ore; i 'dagoes,, i 'whops', andairano a eomfrattere per la causa comune. Tho rispetto enorme; una c0mm0.. zione profonda, salutarono il passagu gio di quel treno. Chi non poteva tornare, 0 non doveva, Iascié casa e affari, la prateria, la segheria, la fat.. toria, la miniera, la fabbrica, il can- tiere, la foresta e la bottega per an-. darlo a salutare. Gi'italiani che Ieggono queste bre. vi pagine si rieordino di esse e si ricordino che, dopo di allora, essi fu- rono classificati tra gl'indesiderabi... u. La stessa notte ripartii per Win- nipepg. Mentre mi preparavo i ba- gagli, venne a trovarmi Scandiffio. Era molto timido e commosso. , Vi ricorderete di Toronto? mi dis- se, Vi ricorderete del quartiere ita- liano? Poi mi confid6 che la sua ca. sa era sotto il piano regolatore; do- veva venire abbattuta. Era una co- struzione di Iegno, dove aveva abita- to vent'anni. Quella notte mi rac- mnté la storia del treno degli italia.. U11 inane di gamig La ssola Orchestra di Uomini in Toronto, Diretta Dopo diversi ingaggiamenti con successo, la signorina Gismondi e il suo gruppo di giovani, ha provocato nuove sensazioni nei eircoli musicali di Toronto, fornendo le ultime novita' in canzoni e balli con grazioso stile. Specializzata per pranzi e serate sociali. Per infor.. mazioni: telefonare GRover 4787-.. 148 Swanwich St. Toronto. IRMA GISMONDI E LA SUA ORCHESTRA i"'iiiiiiill V m fsui laghi. A quella voce rispon gli emigranti alzarono il I' T I' Alcuni partirono per fare 15; C," 'per riscattarsi degli anni di u zione patita sui cantieri, awni l tiche, di lotte di Iiti fr: J f sentimento della pat 3 _,", 7 ' tito alimentato dah "u.ir-.., sc "c..,'" 'prensione straniera Wngmasw ABBONAMEN'N CUMULAH} 'l La patria era stay . _ _ . " migranti durante Cj, - 7 p r-' ti nel lavoro e menu Ct-x [ _ -"re ni da lei. Avevano dovuto difendcre i1 suo nome selvaggiamente, come quello di ana madre ineultata. 4,14 quella stessa patria li chiamavn, I la benedissero per questo 'ae (r, guerra 1i feee uomini e I}? 7 _ __','.,'.', te la sosta del treno alla st: J. _ _ Toronto, Seandiffio VIM: -_- I taglialegna friulano scendcre dal L59" no, con una pagnotta e an coltello a serramanico in mano. L'uomo era stance del lungo viaggio, spore: e barbuto. Si avviein6 a unv. i,-" are. la a here. A uno straniero, 35.1. sr, C-, come, venue in mente di ahLLV c' taglialegna quel coltello. "You've got a knife?" _,; trl L. se con un sorriso di scheme. --- f l'hai i1 coltello? . ABBONAMENTO Canada, -Un anno . . . . . . $2.00 Fuori Canada-Un anno $2.50 _ L'italiano guardé fisso lo saw ro, alz6 il coltello in un Li:€1_/u provviso, fece l'atto di Vikrzu'e ix po: una finta, fim" per my. w fetta di quel pane. "You were afraid, you sun of a gun", - disse - Hai preso paura, figlio di. .. .. . ? - E scoppi6 in una fragorosa risata. Pubblicato dalla Italian Publishing Company A. Perilli. Edit-r., Mam, [Jr 12 Elm St. Toronto Tel WAverley 7306 Seandiffio vide il friulano ma. si dalla fontanella, impallidire, barb? ancora stillante d'acqua. é una istituzione che ha il sub 3. _ di informare i suoi abbunati di tut; , quanta intomo ad essi m' star: n Italia e fuori. Una Parola. _ un intero giornale, una inn v' y, ," che vi riguardi, vi son subim spew. ti, e voi saprete in breve ci6 che di.. versamente non conescerece mai. Chiedete 1e condiziom' di abbnm; - Adesso c'é il fatto (faith. ta) - si disse Scandiffio. c) Gli abbonati debbono far par- te della Soeieta' o Loggia che n via gli abbonamenti cumulalivi; d) Gli abbonamenti, dopo irurau ti, non sono trasferibili. Come l'anno scorso, anche que- st'anno offriremo alle associazioni l'opportunita' di fare l'abbonamem. to cumulativo peri soci, per il prezzo speciale di $1.00 per un anno. Per godere questo beneficio 6 necessario: a) Inviare non meno di dieci ab.. oonamenti, fornendo immediata- mente il nome di tutti e indirizzo; b) Accompagnare la relatha somma di un DOLLARO per ogni abbonato; , L'ECO DELLA STAMPA - Mi Via Giuseppe Compagnoni, 12 Elm Street "rLBtrCrrItari'"i7'r7; ITALO-CANADESE L'ECO DELLA STAMP f" da una Ragazza 10 I'mnnin IOM, Toronto at la