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In the event of war between Abyss- sinia and Italy, 'neither the United States nor any European state could possibly intervene on the side of Abyssinia. Signor Mussolini knows this.. He has a free hand in Abyssi- nia; and it would be far kinder to the Abyssinians, and increase Signor Mussplini's responsibility to public opinion, if the' fact were at once aok- nowledged. Unless Il Duce has succeeded in the past "couple of years in stocking up large supplies of these materials which the world knows nothing ab- out, it is evident that an economic boycott rigorously carried out, with the iso-opehition which Washington's iinport-expbrt credit bank is already giving, could in a short time stop the prosecution of "rtaly's war on Abyssinia. . STAR, Sept. 3, 'M. F. B. Housser, and which are recorded by unimpe- achable British, French, and German witnesses, a country which cannot point to a single achievement in the fields of art, literature, science, in- dustry, or agriculture, can be placed on a footing of equality with Italy, who has lavished on the world the treasures of her genius in every field of human activity? Let the English go into their National Gal- lery, let them think of the ships sa- Informed sources disclosed to- night that the cabinet decided in to- day's emergency session to strongly support a general joint application of full sanctions-military, naval, air, financial and economic-against the aggressor in the present Italo- Ethiopian dispute if such action is necessary as a last resort. I _ve,nture to ask this as a grand. daughter 'of, an Italian patriot, exile of the Risorgimimto, Gabriele Ros.. setti, who found asylum in England and gave two poets, Dante Gabriel STAR, Aug. 30, 'M. G. Ber. Shaw. Is the age-long friendship between England and Italy to be sacrificed to British championship of the last stronghold' of s1avery--Abyssinia? and Christina Rossetti who have enriched England's immortal treasu- re house of poetry. Is it possible that England really thinks' that a barbhrous African people, still prac- tising horrors of which undeniable photographic evidence is available Liberators, Not Invaders STAR, Aug. 22, '35. Editorial. I. MTTINO HALO-CANAM N01 TIREREMO DlRlTTO Noi tireremo diritto, se par la Lega ci taglieggia il vitto. . .. Questa é l'Italia: un popo1o poeta: crede e combatte, fisso alla Sua meta, ed obbedisce, se obbedir non é vilta'." Giacché la "Lega delle Nazioni" vuol regalarci le sanzioni, giacché 1a Lega contra noi s'ostina, sopporteremo con disciplina, cantando allegramente una canzon: "Noi tjreremo diritto; Pamor di Patria non fu mai delitto. . . . Se i1 fante in guerra va senza paura, chi resta a casa stringa la cintura: anche il digiuno, in questo case, é salutarl" Durissima vigilia pei ghiottoni saranno certo C 1e sanzioni: 1e pande tonde pia' non 1e vedremo, ma noi, frugali, non moriremo per questa dieta di frugalita'. . .. Noi tireremo diritto, né mai ei mostrerem col vise afflitto: la came mama? poco ci rinereseel abbiam tre mari, abbiamo tanto pesoe che, a Chi lo vuole, lo possiamo regular!" m. Soho applicate omai le sanzioni: stoffe elelletti non piu' a vagoni: _ ci mostreremo in tutto nazionali, _ Noi tireremo diritto, saremo in tutto pia' naturali, ei mostreremo insomma quel che Siam! faremo quel che il Dace ha detto e scritto: serenamente rimarremo paria, figli di questa Italia proletaria M serena e forte contro tutte le vtlta'!" Versi e Musica di E. A. MARIO (AMENITIES OF THE LOCAL PRESS) II. Not since 1914, when the Grand Fleet displayed its majesty and pow- er at Spithead, has there been such a terrific concentration of battleships as the Mediterranean is now seeing. MAIL, Sept. 19, '35. Hon. N. W. Rowell, K. C. "If Mussolini is so mad a man as to go to war, the fact remains that Italy will not long be able to with- stand the financial boycott that a united front on the part of the Le- ague would mean." Why Signor Mussolini May Listen to Reason: TE'LY, Sept. 23, '35. Rev. Robinson. "Mussolini is a bright young fel- low, but he's dying of conceit and si;hile he may not mind fighting tho- se Ethiopians, he will back up when The full force of the British Home Fleet is steaming at high speed to support more than 100 war vessels already gathered in the Mediterra- nean Sea opposite Italy. TELY, Sept. 17, '35. Editorial. ved by the invention of a. living Ita- ham-and let them answer this ques- tion! Most important news since the danlger of war in Abyssinia threat- ened the peace of the world is the announcement that the Abyssinian monarch has granted concessions to an American oil syndicate to exploit 150,000 square miles of Ethiopia. Again let us ask: Is it really a European interest to prevent Italy from asserting her right to exercise a civilis,sing mission in Africa within the sphere of influence solemnly re- cognised as hers in a series of dip- lomatic acts extending over a long series of years? the Anglo-Italian protocol of 1891 fixing the reeiproe-. al zones of influence in Abyssinia, the subsequent diplomatic acts of 1896 and 1902 regulating them in relation to French rights, the 1903 agreement by which the British Gov.. ernment undertook to act in concert with Italy in matters affecting Abyssinia, the Tripartite Agreement of 1906, the London conversations of 1915 and 1923, the exchange of notes between Rome and London in 1925 registered at Geneva? Why were these rights recognised to Italy? Because she has proved her fitness to occupy a place in East Africa by building up in Eritrea and TELY, Sept. 3, '35. Editorial. VENOM SPRAYS I But may I not ask if the real re- ,ason for much of the present 11T1C0m.. promising hostility to Italy is not largely to be sought in hostility to the form of Government chosen by the Italian people, Fascism? When at the recent Traders Union Con- gress, the President deliberately told millions of British workers that in Italy prevail "conditions of industri- a1 servitude", "persecution of Jews and Christians", "brutal torture of trade unionists" and went so far as to urge war on Italy, he was deliberu ately falsifying the issues and mis- leading the British people. Under the syndical and guild organisation of production, the Italian worker is better protected than is his English compeer. He cannot be arbitrarily dismissed from his job; he is entitled to money compensation if he loses it because "times are bad"; he cannot be dismissed for illness, even if ex- tending over several months. Thro- ugh his guild-organisation he discus. ses the economic status of the indus- try in which he works on an equal footing with his employer. Every- thing has been done to reduce un.. employment to a minimum, and dur- ing the depression years it has stood at 2% of the total and 4,1% of the working population as against 4,1 and 8,2% respectively in England; these figures are for June, 1934, and unemployment has steadily decre- ased since. The Italian Government represents the Italian people; it has the Nation unanimously behind its policies. As for the rights and wrongs of the war, let it be remembered that tor the natives of large sections of Ethi- opia, the Italians are not invaders but LIBERATORS and are welcomed as such. The foreign newspaper Corres- pondents with the Italian army all bear witness to the truth of this statement. Because of ITALY'S RECOGNIZ... ED SHORTAGE OF RAW MATERI- Great Britain today declared a bloodless but implacable war against Italy which in the end will break either Premier Mussolini or British prestige throughout the world. TELY, Oct. II, '35. Editorial. With young Anthony Eden of Bri- tain cracking the whip, a League committee of 16, on Canada's moti.. on, has approved various measures to bring Italy back to her senses, or make her a ruined country. Sir Walter Layton, editor of the Economist, is positive that economic sanctions, fully applied, in the way the British government seems to de.. sire, speedily would bring the war to an end. TELY, Oct. 15, '35. Rowell. ALS, firm application of economic and financial sanctions on the part of all members of the League of Nations should exert sufficient pres- sure to force her to quit her war of aggression in Ethiopia, declared the Hon. Newton W. Rowell, K. C., in an lad-dress before the Canadian Club, If the English public is made to believe otherwise, it is being misled. OLIVIA ROSSETTI AGRESTI he knows that Johnny Bull is going to be against him too," F STAR, Oct. 11, '35. Editorial. in Italian Somaliland colonies which are models in the way in which they have dealt with the native populati- ons who have shown, and are now showing, their gratitude by their fi- delity to the Italian flag; because her explorers were among the first to penetrate into Abyssinia, with which country she has a frontier ex- tending many hundreds of miles; be- cause as a great civilising Power she has an equal right with the Bri- tish, French, Belgians, Boers and Portuguese to play a part on the African Continent; and because mo- ,re than any other European people she needs an outlet for her expand- ing population, especially now that the policies of the British Empire and the United States have closed the under-populated territories un- der their flags to peaceful emigrati- on, while by Imperial preference and prohibitive tariffs, they exclude the possibility of securing adequate out- lets for the products of Italian agri- culture and industry. England recognised all this when the above mentioned agreements and treaties were signed. GLOBE, Oct. 9, '35. Editorial TELY, Nov. 4. '35. George Fallis. Speaking of service clubs. One member of the audience want.. ied to know why Britain had urged fr the application of sanctions aga- Inst Italy and not formerly against gJapan? had not completed the sad count-- and know now positively that there were 680,000-thus we did not know how to hide our misfortunes, or ex- alt our victories. In real good faith, allies and fri.. ends know much more about Capo- retto than the battle of Bainsizza and have no idea of our wonderful battle which halted the enemy, which is worth much more than the battle Italy depends upon her export trade for the credits to pay not only for the raw materials of war but for the foods, coal and oil necessary to her people's life and the small luxu- ries necessary to their contentment. She depends on her exports to pro- vide work and wages for a great ;part of the population of her manu- dactaring cities. If fifty League (nations, Britain and France leading, With the same ingenuity with which we call "a division", our for.. ces at Saloniki, which equalled three Allied divisions; with the same su.. perficiality with which we commu- nicate to Versailles the ciphers of our loss of 490,000 dead, when we "Everyone knows that the real issue (of the Ethiopian situation) is between England and Italy. Ethi- opia is nothing more than a camo- uflaging marauder who, on 90 recon. ded occasions, invaded ItaliairuAfri- can territory. by our severe offensives to the en- emy lines, our efforts, our losses, were not appreciated. We must agree that we were a little to blame. of Toronto, at the Royal York to... day. Rev. Mr. Fallis replied that a commission had been appointed to investigate in both eases and this commission had recommended sanc- tions against Italy and had not done so against Japan. STAR, Nov. 9, 'M. D. L. George. Sanctions on Italy are 'Dishonest Farce' - says D. Lloyd George. MAIL, Nov. 11, '35. Rev. Coughlin. "I still think, however, that Mas. solini is not so mad as to try his hand against England". STAR, Oct. 4, 'M. Editorial. As it is, in Mr. Layton's opinion, Italy is already bankrupt. "The war is being financed from the foreign securities of her nationals called in and being sold on the Paris bourse and other exchanges. (Continued from page 5) To these must be added the so-. called mandates, attributed only to England and France. In the face of this treatment it is permitted to admit that our war was not sufficiently valued, that the im.. portance of our major battles was not understood, the wear imposed GLOBE, Nov. 13. '35. Editorial. WE FOUGHT FOR THE OTHERS kussia iiriiiirrs, (hir/iris,""-') AMA; Austria (sertnania frantio Aytta, Jktilhtitt hTte'tlttro /d?. x42 "an: .2102 an; :1 2.ttrt 'ilrlPereentage of men mobilized in proportion to population. LTI (Al fi2 ". 'lil' ii'riih"ii; , ili; German'" ff Percentage of dead in proportion to men mobilized. vii _Mahifttrratonti,rV Matt, 19/, "l/niti In Ag 7 " " Men mobilized in World War, in millions. "(I were to shut out Italian goods all at once, a crisis might be produeed in Italy that could mean revolution and the fall of the Italian dictator. Fifty-two countries started an economic war against Italy to-day in the first great effort ever made to penalize a war-making nation by bloodless means. The taunt that "Italians have a lovely country but are poor fighters" rankles in the mind of II Duce and whips him on in his mad gamble with destiny. MAIL, Nov. 26. '35. Editorial. The tentative way in which econ- omit? sanctions are being applied to Italy recalls the old saying that one should never slap a man. If you ha- ve reason to slap him you have re.. ason to knock him down; and if you slap him he has a reason to knock you down. At the outset sanctions affected Canada's trade with Italy curiously. Canada imported from that .country $206,000 worth of goods in Novem- ber, 1935, compared with $230,000 in the corresponding month of 1934. The figures for December, 1935 and 1934, respectively, were $131,000 and $88,000. But in January, 1936, they dropped to $39,000, against $100,000 in the first month of 1935. The February figures were $8,800 and $92,600. Sanctions [ Slow Canada's Trade With Italians The effect on Canada's exports to Italy was more rapid after sanctions were voted in mid-November by the League. The November figure was $83,000, against $375,000 in Novem.. ber, 1934. In December they drop. ped to $44,700, against $257,000. In January the two figures were $42,- 000 against $227,000, and in Febru- ary $86,000 against $248,000. STAR, Nov. 18, 'M. STAR, Nov. 20, 'M. Editorial. By a fatal turn of events, even those peoples who directly owe their resurrection to us or the constituti- on of their nation, are not grateful, precisely because they ignore the of the Marne, and for the Vittorio Veneto they hold that it concerned an easy march against an already vanquished enemy. GLOBE, Thursday, April 16, 1936 a. 'ii; Tiii/trl? it sir) Illi ll I , il v il li l Cermanu Nutt framis hustrig lnprilterra MM; t.900 MM mm 4200 an traft? tnehtlltrru l/uni,, 4 " a) terrhte y Pall/é jfuftunifs franrie Germsoie Austria ltali,r a: A? JV _ Ap " J]; Population of large nations in the. war, in millions 'grs,,4 or/o I I ".ffffrf, tetetstes Kama/a gr rr It," a " In"; a " 44 [753%, _ Dead of each country, in millions. 75547.? I I; rpm Ill Inspired by the farthest and most glorious past, remembering her most recent and no less victorious efforts, derived from old and new glories, a young and growing force, which widens the borders more than any treaty, more than any convention. The future belongs to its. Youth, yo- uth! It was the Italian army which des.. troyed the Austrian army and thus the centralizing 'and agglutinating force, which held together for so many years and would have still held united, the various parts of the Empire. A- But an unexpected and immensur.. able benefit' came to us from the war, and it came from within oursel- veir, without any concession from the Allies, without any foreign support. Italy has found herself again. More than new lterritori-es, she has dis- MAIL, .Dec. 7, '85. _Editorial 'So far there appears to have been Iittle-105s of life' in Ethiopia, which suggests that Mussolini's operations are taking longer than he expected, and will make League of Nation's sanctions perhaps a deciding factor. TELY, Dee. 28. B5. Editorial. 'That it is our firm belief that Ca. nada, in continuing sanctions against Italy, will cause economical and commercial 'losses to both countries, therefore, we as Canadians of Ita- lian origin wish that the old tradi- tion of friendship between Great Britain and Canada with Italy be restored. Believing that sanctions cause suffering and deprivation of certain necessities for nutrition to women and children who are not r Sr ponsible for the general situaé and considering that such state 1 affairs is against the real spirit of humanity and the friendly relation, ship of people, therefore, we, as fa- ithful Liberals and Canadian Citia.. ens implore your Government to res.. tore normal relationship with Italy. N. Masi; Rev. J. F. Bonomi; Dr. V. Agr6; S. Scimé part played by Italy in the war From the destruction of the Mire and hence the Austrian Empire were born and grew the actual central Danubian states of Europe. The account of give and take then has not yet been balanced. covered a great, inexhaustible mine in her moral strength. Belief that Premier Mussolini must shortly sue for peace in Africa is expressed in Government and dip. lomatic quarters. ' They pointed to the rapid drain of gold from Italy, coupled with a lack of conspicuous military success and the approaching rainy season. During recent weeks, enormous quantities of gold, silver and jewels have, been donated to the Govern- ment by Italians in all parts of the world. Despite these spontaneous gifts, the task facing the Government duff ing the coming year is considered difficult. The following resolution was mo- Ved, seconded, and carried unanim.. ously at a meeting of Italo-Canadian Liberals held at Hamilton on Wed.. nesday, May 20th. and sent to Hon. Wm. Lyon MacKenzie King, Prime Minister of Canada: (1) (For the Allied contribution in Italy, and that of Italy abroad, see table in another section of this pa- per): GLOBE, Dec. 30, 'M. (2) Cost of living: in 'Ili in Oct. '18 Italy: 100 264 France: 100 220 England: 100 196 . Germany: 100 228 United States: 100 161 AGAINST SANCTIONS Tai. "ttttttttttyr. a M! "mine a In 97/1 Mag/r2 c. an); m; JM, 04471409 22 Maggio 1936 M ay 094 "iriFr" I FaLrezr