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GRAND TRUNK RAILWAY. BOWMANVILLE STATION. E1:preBB .......9.0il am Jl'aat E:r:preea.10.00 "' m Mixed ...... ... ,.or, p n· Local! .......... 7.:!0 pm Exoreee ...... 9.~o p m GOING JtAil'r I I Express ...... 7.1«1' a m Local, .. ... . ..8.23 a m Mixed ....... .. 4.M p m Express, ...... 9.00 P m GOING WJ1:8T CANADIAN PACIFIC RAILWAY. BURKF.T ON STATION GOING E AST, GOING WEST. Exprese ...... 10.3;1 a. m 11~xprcss.. . . .... 9.~ am Mixed .... .... 7.12 pm Expl'ess ... ..... 7.i. P m ~ lllt (!tmuulinn Stntt?mun. BowMANVILLE, :FRID..l.Y, SEPT'R 4. HARD TIMES-THEIR CAUSE A ND REMEDY. . " What h as become of all the money 1" is a question askod on all sides. That we are passing through a critical period for business concerns is obvious tu every on~. But with general good health, and peace within our border~, we have cause for thankfulnes1 thongh our gmnaries may not be quite a.<i well filled by this w ason's harvest as was expected from the very promisi11~ indications of June and July. The cry of hard time11 is again sounded forth from all puints of tho compass- -from n.ll parts of the country and from all classes of persons. The farmer is complaining that he cannot find sale for his produce at paying priceH ; Lho 11tore-keeper that he cannot sell his goods, because his custom· ers lw.vo not money to buy ; and many manufacturers say they have to close down because there is no demand for their products ; and so the cry goes through all the industries of the cbuntry. Many farmer!, and especially re11ten1, find them· selves on tho wrong side of the books. Crops have only bee11 f:ur for several years and price::i have generally ruled low, and rents have ruled very much too high. These are o1wious fads, yot the cause and r emedy arP not easily harmonized, for while all admit the depression the cause and r01nedy vary with the individual. Some advocate a protective tariff as the panaee:\ ; the people should ·be compelled by law to pay higher prices for every thing they cunsumo in order that the producers m:\y m1Lke luger profits ; while o thers bdievo that protectiou is nothin!{ short of robbery, an<l a tu.rift' for ncces·ary revenue only is the cure for the present condition of things. Others ag~i11 think that the production of all things has exceeded the consumptive capacity of the world, and that pioduction must bd restrained before prosperity can come. \Vo do .not propose to discusa thesu varied opinions, but to point out one cause tha\ we think has not received deserved attention- ·indebtedness. · 'l'hat there is a great amount of indebtedness in all departments of our economy cannot be gainsaid. . Farmers owo, mer· chants owe, mechanics and artizans and men of all avocations owe, and corporations, counties, ·provinces and even our Dominion, all are 1trugglin~ under debts," less or more. These debts are contracted and it is usole11s t o wrangle about the cause or try to repudiate them. They are owing and the only way to relieve matters is to go to work oarnostly and oodeavor b pay them off hone~tly,. and act more pru· dently in the future. Debt ii! the millstone that burdens most of our industries at the present time. Prices are low, ancl naturally so, while the world r.-nmins in its present condition. The millions of men on this continent and in Europe, insteacl of slirnghtoring one another, are now employed in peaceful avocations. As producers multiply, prict:JB must consequently decline, industry is turnecl into now channels, and as these are occupied the same results follow - the prices of labor and. of all consumed products, fall, so that in the end all things will find their pt·oportionate places. This would be well and indicate a prosperous condition, if too many were not in d ebt. In many cases these debts were contr.i.cted when manufactured products and those of the soil were much higher than they are to-day. Here, theu, it seems to us is one important cause of the depression. that is so generally folt. But it may be said that there i~ no necessity for hard times, simply because prices are low. This might be t1:uo under 3ome circumstances, bnt now tho effect is mre to be unfavorably felt tlll'oughout G h e country. If. our mercln111ts expect ;he farml:lrs and people generally to buy 111 much as they have a.nd "rould do again f mouey were plenty, they will fin~l ·hemselveH much mbtakcn. Nothing but 1 xtravagance C' 'uld indtice them to coninue their purchasB s on the same scale, 1ow their incomes are so greatly reduced. ;\' hen the farmers fir~t are forced ' t<> etrench the effects is folt in every quarter, or they are the gteatest producers and he greatest retail purchasers in this ountry. Money is said t·) be scarce, but there is l.e same amou11t , f .Honey in the country, ut it is a.ccumub1ted in the banks and m only be takton out by persons who can L Ve good securi ' y ; and in consequenca ' the many 1 1efa.ka. ions, sec urities aro )W scrutinized w l h uncommon caro ; ao tat as a result " f 1hi11 d istrust, vast suma · money lie i<).k T his state o{ affairs has been largely brought about by specul9tion and ·peculative enterp1·ises which have burdened the country and people more or les11 with debt, all of which the people themselves have ti) pay ultimately. All the interest on the current indebtellness, and finally the principal als11, must come from tho yearly earnings of the people ; and only after economy and patient toil, and ~ome repudiation, we fear, when these debts have been got rid of can prosperity be l' Xp1::cted. 'l'here is nu reason for farmers or others to become dishea.rtened who are t\ble to pay the current interest on their debts a nd occasionally some of the principal ; but we ft-ar there are some who will scarcely be able to accomplish this much. The times demand prudence and econ· omy as well as intelligent industry. The proportions of prices of those things sold and bought may not yet fully correspond, but they are nearly proportionate, and as soon as this eftualization is reached the man who is free from debt will ha.ve no trouble whatever as long as he keeps in that happy condition. Among the ancient& a debtor became a slave in the most abject senee <>i the term ; and among us debts assert ownership over the debtor and reduce his energies and best efforts io the condition of practical slavery. To the farmers in particular the bost advice we can now offer approaching a remedy is to thoosh out their grain as quickly as convenient, market it, got the money and pay their most pressing indebtedness, ifthoy cannot pay all demands, and arran~e for the others in some w·y for another year. If the aeason's products were converted into money within the next two months and that money put into circlllati0 n the result would be must pleasantly sllrprisiug. It is simply wonderful ho w many thousand dollars indebtedness a single hundred dollars will pay if kept in motion. The farmer markets two loads of wheat ancl gets $100. He pays the blacksmith $50 and th e saddler $50 ; they in turn pay tho merchant, the tailor, the butcher, the b<Lker, the printer, the jeweller, the dentist, the doctor, the minister, the shoemakor, otc., and all these in quick succession pay each and the other their little bills, and in a weok or two instead of everybody being in debt a hundred dollars, the farn~er's ~100 has enabled them 1Lll to reduce their indebteLlness that much, making in the aggregate a liq uidation of several thousand dollars' indebtedness. The Central Prison Comroi1111io11 closed its sittings in Tornnto on Friday. Some ow life and vigor ha11 lately been time must elapse before a report is mado rua ,ifel!lt about this old and well-known to the Government. lt will b.i anxiously agd1,ultunl establishment. Our roprolooked for. sent1·tive called ono d11y lat.,)y and found business booming. Several extra hande The cold 'vave that began in the North- a.rti emJ)loyed ancl ae~eral mor11 are to be \Vest and spread over Ontario last week added as soon as the new machinery 0 had a very bad oflect on convalescents and ordered has been got into place and working. 'l'he now tools already workiag delicate people who were not prepared for are very valuable improvements and inso sudden a change in the temperature. crease very materially their facilities for H also tended to hasten people from the turning out work expeditiously. One very valuablu piece of rnachiuery is a new watering places and summer resorts. iron lathe that weighs nearly four tons, is 21 fe.,t in length, swings 4 feet and cost Buffalo threatens to follow the example when set up very little short of $1000. I of Detroit in erecting a sanitary barrier It was marle to order a!ld is eaid tu be 'SO against the ingress of Canadian small-pox. equal lo any tool of the kind in Canada. 'l'he epidemic is not spreading in Toronto, Another valuable adclition is a large new planer that cost about $650. They have only two cases having as yet occurred and building and nearly Cl\mpletod a smaller no deaths. The Ameri~an papers roport- latho and luwe ordered ul>ont $400 of ecl last woek 380 cases in Toronto and 350 milling machinery, an of which in additiou to the machinery that has been for deaths, hence Buffalo's precaution. somo time in use will eualJle tht:m to do . · · 1111 classes of machine work aud repairing Ontario Jourm~hsts who remember the quickly and well. "Time is money," Mr. kindly court esies received from Mr. James p(~rter aays, an~ their object in getti1_1g in Cal'l'el of Quebec D aily Telegraph when this new and unproved roaclunery IS to tl · p · · ·n enable them to execute all kinds of repairs on tell'. ress _excur.sion 111 18 ' wt in the least possible time. P ORTER'S FOUNDRY. COUCH, JOHNSTON' & CRYDERMAN D .C. no t proiess to sell their goods at cost all th r 0 ugh the year, but they always make I·t a p01.Ilt tO C1ear OUt the1'r stock at the end of each season , FOR THE NEXT FEW WEEKS they will give Great Bargains in I s3 Pr1·nts, D· r ess Goods, p araso1s, H · os1ery, . G loves, &c. and all kl.lldS They a.re ma.kin" arran··eme.its for patterns for reaper:, mowe~s and rakes which tl:ey ioteud to build es soon a.s they cau get ready. Busides the famous " Hard to Beat " plows they are now building the popular Champion plow which has also become a great favorite with plowmen. The new foreman of the The Winnipo" .Manitoban no doubt macl~inery departmeut, Mr.. A. Nod.e':1, 0 · · ' ha.t1 mvented a novel and umque article takmg its quuue from the Montreal Star, for bearding barley ; it can be attllChed has been obtaining the opinions of the to any threshing machine. Mr. John Editors of that province on the Reil case ·Heard north of this ~own throahed 350 a.nil thus sums up the evidence. "What- bushe~~ the other day rn .5 houra and the . , . . . . bsardmg was donfl by this alta.cbment to evor difference of opuuon may extst m the entire uti1fa.ctfon of the farmers who Eastem Canada., says the M anito/Jan, the 811.W it working. Mr. Noden is a skilled editors of Manitobit and the North-West mechanic, having worked in the l~ge1t Territories are un!lnimously of opinion agricultural manufacturies in Canada, so th~t we expect to sea Porter's Foundry that Riel should be hanged." in future one of the bneiest industries in town. Next spring Mr. Porter inttJnds 1(11 pu tting in a uew A camparative statement of the votes enlarging the buildiu. polled in East Dusham at the lllection in steam engii1t:J and makinl{ other improve· ments to increase tbe facilitie11 for their 1882 and 1885 shows that tlte Tory vote increased business. We feel sure that was brought out in the recent contest. tho farmers iu this district wtll h ighly Jn 1882 Mr. Ross, the Liberal Candidate, appreciate Mr, Porter's enterprise and received 1254 votes, and Col. Williams, show it by bestowing a liberal patl'onage. deoply sympatluse with that gentleman in the loss of his youngest son, Archie, a bri.,ht little fellow of nine summers who wa: drowned in a well one day last week. . . Mr. Carrel is President of the Quebec Press Association. Of SUfilmer gOO $. d I I Remember this is a genuine sale of new goods, not old shop-worn stuff. 011e Door West of" Post Office. Dowmanvillc. COALJ COAL! Messrs. McDOUGALL & METCALF beg to announce that they have received a large consignment of Celebrated Lehigh Coal, and · are prepared to fill all orders at LowEST PRICES. 'We intend to keep on hand an assortment of Lumber~ Shingles, Posts, Lath, Cordwood, &c. Office, Old ·Foundry Lot, corner Church and Division Streets. ROBT. McDOUGALL. Bowmanville, August 28, 1885. the late member, 1538. I n the Preston - \Varel contest the former received 1262 and the latter l 632 votes, or a total of 102 more than were polled in 1882, 94 of which were given to Mr. \Vard. Mr. Geo. R. P t1ttullo, of Woodstock, Ont., past president of the Canadian Pross Association attended tho ban<iuet - - -··--4.._..__. _ _ __ THE LEADER OF" 0" CO., MIDLANDERS. Lindsay Wardi!r, Aurr gs·. Major J . Hugh ea, the leader ~f " C " company, Midlanders, in tht1 charge on Batoche, comes off a fighting stock. Hie paternal grandfather was .. aurgeon in the r er<ular service, finally rt!tirin:t on full pa.y, he having been on duty iu India. His maternal grandfather, too, WM Lie11t. Laugl1lin, of the Royal Artillery. He and the late Col. Goodwin, of 'L'oronto, were officers iu the same battery and fought together all through tbe Peni1iaulllr war as I.ientt!nante. At Quatre Bras Lt. Laughlin 'na slightly wounded, and in tile succeeding engiagoment at Waterloo was badly hit. Wbile convalescing at Valenciennea he beca me intimate with a young French officer whoae fathar, Col. St. Pierre, led a cuimaaier corps on the Franch side, That officer aud three sons fell at Waterloo, three being killed and one, the youngeat, o\"ouuded. The father and one son fought from thP begining of the revolution in 1792, to fall in tho last battle, Waterloo, Lieut. Laughlin married the siater of his French comradethe youu2 lady having come from Orleans to att1md her brother in his illness. Mr. John Hughes, of Cartwright, the father of Major Hughes, ia known as one of the most prominent and best educated men of his township. When 21 years of ai;(e he was the amateur champion long runner, jumpor and boxer of Tyrone and Ferma.nal{h. counties, Ireland. On one occasion when he had been matched to spar the champion of Fermanagh a trick was played on nim. His opponent was unknown to him, so the Ferm:j.nagh party got tho professional champion of Ireland llJJ from Dublin to Tyrone. The amateur won after a few rounds. MI". Hughes never related the story, but one "ho was present at the match, came to Ontario a. few years ago and related it. The same gentleman was one of the survilyors in the Ordnance 1urvty of Ireland. The major is of the Sime material as the rest ot the family, and in the recent c11.mpaigri proved himeelf as good as his ancestors, given in Montreal to Hon. Thos. \Vhite, Miniater of Interior, by the Pres~ Allsocia1io11 of Quebec, ancl is reported to haTe We 11uote the opinion of th e learned said in his speech that if Mr. 'iVhite editor of the Regina Leader as expressed in tho Manit-Obcm: REGUU, Aug. 2G.-- car~ied out tho policy in tho North-West Nobocly doubta her e but Riel will, and wluch he had foreshadowed, although a political opponent, he would give him Iris ought t o be, hanged. What people lose hea1'ty auppoi·t. ' 11ight of is this : Rici's power over tho half-breeds is as great aa ever, as I k now. The volume of "Scripti1re Iteadin~a," 'l'hey do not thiuk l1im a fool, as Pore prepared. under the directivn of the EdAndre says. They think him a noble ucation Departu1eut, approved by repreman, a.nd that they have to thank him sentative· of all theltiading denomination~, for their llcrip, and he in his speech as including the ltomau Catholics, and pregood as said if he evor got free he would scribed for daily use in the schools, has again raise the standard of rebellion. He been placed in each room of the high and was fairly tried, and the Government is Public schools of the town. The selection not likely te yield to mob clamor.- N. F. of pall·ages 11.ppears to have been on the D.A.VIN, Editor Lemler , whole admirably made, embracing not -·'·- HENRY METCALF. 35. ~6'-0> -PO>~ MURDOCH BROTHERS GROCERIES Professor Brown, of tho Experimental Fm·m, in referring to cattle ra.i11ing, says that for beef production tho AberdoenPoll, the Hereford and the Ga.lloways are not the best. 'l'ho Shorthoms art:J certainly likely to retain tho first place. The Jersey, Guernsey and AyrBhire are excellent dairy animals, but they cannot take the } Jlaco of the direct or indirect bt:Jef-makers where beef-making is to be taken into consider:\tion a.long with dairy products. For the majority the Shorthorns will continue on the whole the most profitable, only the chief historical portions of the Old and New Testament&, but many of the most familiar Psalms, a considerable p:ut of the Proverbs, and choice excerpts from the Epistles. Room oug ht, we think, to have be~n follnd in its 361 large pages for 11ome additional passages from the Epistles, and especially from the prophetic books, which are but meagerly represented. The book will be found useful, and the regulation which accompanies it, viz.:- " That every Public and High School shall be closed with the reading uf the Scriptures,"&c., will sec11re The best and cheapest in Bowmanville. a. more general use of the Holy Word in ·-· This is the way a contemporary puts it : the schools. Hitherto the rea.diug of the Scripturea has been simply permitted and The D ominion government has donated The latest and best styles manufactured. encouraged. ~ow it is made imperative. See our 4 Button Blk Kid Gloves at $500 each to the two private secretaries 75c. They are without doubt the best of the Minister of Militia, presumably "Retreat Dairy" warrants Pure, Clean. goods at the price ever shown in town, 'l'he most magnificent ever offered m town. for their efforts in puttinii: d own the re- Milk. Couch, Johnllton & Cryderman's. bellion. Thu11 the Minister gets a knight-hood, General Middleton gets 'l'he best q11ality and most beautiful patterns. $20,000 plus a knight-hood, the private sticretaries gets $500 ancl the volunteer gets what represents a sum ranging from are made of PURE CAST ZINC, warranted 99!- per cent, , The most varied and handsome stock m town. $2G to $40. This is th e 'l'ory idea of the and therefore mnst endure. relative value of men. Watts' Dictionary of Chemistry says :- Zinc, The Dominion Government is being when exposed to the air or placed in water, its The best and cheapest the world's markets afford. becomes !covered with a gray film of surface severely censured for the lavi11h bounty oxide which does not increase. This film will bestowed on Gen. Middleton and Hon. A. resist the chemical effects of tbe atmosphere /01· all time. Caron and his private clerks, while the Ground daily fresh on the premises. MONTHEAL, Que .· Nov. 15, 1883. volunteers who ondurecl untold hardships I hioreby certify that I have analysed and and risked their lives in quieting a r ebel- tested the material called "White Bronze," manufactured for monumental purposEIR by the lion for which said Government is respon- S Good, clean and cheap as the cheapest, t. Thomas White Bronze Monument Co .. and sible are almost forgotten, many of them I ftnd it compoecd as represented, of .Reftned Metallic Zinc, or a very superior <1ua.hty to we are told being unable as yet to secure sheet zinc, end almost absolutely pure. Its great durability under all exposuro to weather Selling off very cheap to clear out. the scrip promised th~m. Such treatment and storm Is thel'efore fully assured hy its high quality. And it wlll resist decay and farther . cannot be too stt-ongly condemned. oxidation when its surface Is once coated. It it is then more durable than stone, and will not lose its handsome appearancs from gene· Every variety kept constantly in stock. The Hon. Alex. Mackenzie, whose ration to generation. I know of no other ma· terial which Is equally co.uable of combining chronic ailment has for some time p11.st elegance or form, beauty ot surface imd indefi· taken an aggravated form, has recovered 1"itc durabilit11. (Singed) so far as to resume work in the Insurance J. IlAKER EDWARDS, P. St. D., D. c. L., Jt'.C. 8. Office over which he presides. He ' is going on a Lake Superior tour. · COJIOURO, Dsc. 31st, 1883. Dr. Y. Bakor Edwards, whose analysis la ginn of the White Bronze Monuments, is the Every article usually kept by first-class grocers will be found with us analyst. authorized by Government to The Port Hope Guide vary correctly .public m11ko chemical examination1J tot" the city ot and at most reasonable prices. We take pleasure in showing goods. remarks that it would bo well if Merj Montreal. Ills opinion and analysis may be aceep&ed att equal to any other authority In the public man in this country could point to country. From an inapectlon of the process of Co:couno P. O., n11U1ufacturing tho monumeot·I I ahould expe°' a life aa freo from stain as thab of the late them to be a thorouichly dure.b e article. Sole and only Ageu~ for the Counties of N.BURWASH, Liberal candi4ate in East DCU"lt.am.-Hr. Sclenco:Protell8or in Victor!& University, Northumberland and Durham. BOWKABVILLE, OllT. VICTORIA BUILDINGS, W . T. R. Preston . 1bourg. :u PRESERVING SUGARSFRUIT JARS- Dinner and Tea SetsChina Tea Sets- WHITE BRONZE MONUMENTS Table and Hanging LampsDelicious Teas- Fine Flavored OoffeesRaisins and Currants- Crockery and GlasswareCanned Meats and Fruit- ----un---- Highest Prices Paid for Butter, Eggs and Farm Produce of all kinds. H. W'. 'WRIGHT, MURDOCH BROTHERS,