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-. ~ ?~W~'~~' i I - THURSDAY, AUGUST 17TH, 1939 THE CANADIAN STATESMAN. BOWMAT'.JVII T il' fl~T1'ADTr~ Soliug The Farm BY MI. Stapies, row a hundrE R.1, N41,castle, Ontario er at once pîedge somej may be as CIe- Many People In Urban IndustrYyoyu please, bu Oatrageousîy Overpald - Trhe stances unlesi Trend Toward ýDictatorshjp somethlng sol Editor's Note:.-. As the dtr land, or go ilIs in this issue are Coneetore you unre ,by members of Durham Central Yonîy fures ericulturaj Society we feIt this these salid pri edition wouîd appeal especialy teOaur rural readers. Witr tris thaught i view M. Hl. Staples, Treasurer- af the Agricuiturai Society, a well known and suc- cessful farmer af Clarke Town- Shi who is qualified by education anT actical experience ta dis- cus farm. prablem, has kidly consented ta contribute trsen- litening and tIIought pravak- bo read with iterest and profit b y both ural and urban readers. What is the farm problem? It seemis generally agreed that there is such a problern and that 'it is urgentiy in need af being solved. If it la ta be salved there must first be some suggestive picture -before us of what it is. Sa what is it? Not long ago three farmers sat J around the supper table, two as gueste af the third. Having talk- ed aI recent European happen- ings, the weather and other fruit- flItOPics, their conversation tumn- M. H. ed ta the larmer and how he was ueteln Iaring in comparison with atherurdth la citizens. Thre was Idefinitely a mine and the feeling that he labored under tre foundatiaon handicaps which held hlm down, tries whîch si and one asked the question, fiational fabrîc "What is thse greatest burden tnat that fabric the the famer carnies?"' Withaut hes- its weîght ta th itation another eplied, "T h e htorf automoile!,mind was simp Let us see what ho meant, for it mobile was di xnay weil be that he put his linger large a prapanti on a vital spot. There are -auto- afI ah car owrt mobiles, af course, and automo- tive ta non-pro! biles, and a wide range aI uses te and that the a! which trey may be put, some use- tailed, principal luI, some not se useful. And it struction andi niatters net what tre car, nom robbing' the farr what the purpose for which it la income7 trat wo niaintained or driven, it caste his. Whether1 maney ta get, ta keep, and ta wrong does fiai drive. Somebody has ta pay for if ure can get% t, at Iirst-hand usually the own- his idea, viz. t! er, ithe final analysis, mare Ire- net receivingi quemtly somebody else. proportion ta the Consider a few of these own- ers the nationi ers. First a farmer-who is en- Irom a national tirely dependent for his living on 'whole nation sut what he can make at farrhing. ation wan tre Literally ho dîgs the purchase otrer, the war ai price and maintenance charges of as a consequenc( hie car out af tre ground. How restrictions. We his ownership of týie car mnay aI- cerned with the lect his general prasperity will rather witr the g depend entireiy upon hQw large trat tre farmoni a ahane of his incarne it eats up, paid. always assuming that ho makes a What are the wlse use af the-machine, which, tris? Suppose a of course, la not always*the case. on his Iarn thee Uot tise reader run oyor i -mid thousand bushels tise various fa ers hoknws and pose furtrer that ponder for a n~ent te f. nllthese- are equirt bearig af car ownersip 0o' ier and hla shareo practice in maintainlng buildings, pansed ultiniately fonces, machinery, paying *fs.pmocoss noted abc S\ Hkbwill Iind a lot aofood0 for trat instead of ha thoight. Think next af his hlred and bushels ta g mnan who fequently owng or for food, clothi niaybe' only runs a car. It takes building material ai trh* lad's spare cash,,and us- quirements, ho uaily se long as he han aS'car ho thQtsand. Thus will nover bo anything ahoad fin- buyer af goods ancially. Ho gets hla wagos froni sevorely weakene( the fanmer, and the Iarm in tris být in order ta zr way pays for the car. Thon think loas ho has ta atill Iurther aI the doctor, the and longer thanN lawyer, the bankor, the grocor, be nocessary. TE the baker, the blacksmit, thse fore us then woul teacher, etc., each aI whom has a roanrange aur na car, threo millons af them in se that the farm Canada, and one getesanime idea langer share aI wl cf te magnitude af the amount af Naw the air ai national incarne that goos into ful aI suggestions automobiles. How all this cost is could be done, bu. in largo proportion borne by agri- amine any af the culture can be soon if one con- wohî for us 'ta got siders a simple business transac- relation ta publici tion. You go ta the bank ta bar- trend aI tre time. "BETTER TUA N VER! says Mr. Picobac '0 "l teli you that PÎcobac riglie n-11 l- a better than it ever wa-anmd IPM not talldng through cither. WhY? Because tberepa been such a we developmnene isunny Southern Ontario ince it started ta grow Canadien Burley.» "Picobac always Wua a mUd ... cool ...weet laid Dae.. "Its better tiien p'e r tow", dedared Mr,.1 "We'-ve got a botter Burley, that's why. Bett better eivation, a finer, lighter type af luai. growing. the. fineat Biwley that ever ripened in Southerat Ontario now, And Picobac', the. pick aniProved crop. Matured for tire. years in th, tao. Don't forget that." "le DOES teste good in the tendency in ail cauntries, and again if candid h 6,ta this goes for Canada, too, is ta- any amount of men, natably aur ofroD lem ua initiativye and libe to grlnd, take advantage of ti wryad a incresping curtailmentpltaknsano ther wthan axe ed dollars. The bank- ment of the authority and activ- ends by stirring up class preju- demands that you ity of the state. Some of us do dice and further retarding the slild praperty. You not like this but that must nat better understanding which far- ever and educated as be allowed ta prevent us from sighted people are hoping for. )ut eieçpt in rare in- seeing that it is actuaily happen- With ail this in view the farin s you can produce ing. In Gerrnany and Itaiy we probîem becmspet i n lid in the way of see this sacialism carried ta an its - icorns apretty widi ¶5s, or their equiva- extreme under one farm of -or- surelybe ahryrfrmer, who, 'e not gaing ta get ganization, in Russia tô the same in the sacehfardyref atce dollars. There are extreme under anather. The im- wouîd offer a warkable solution. iurces from which mediate advantages for efflciency Thee are, however, some basic 'aperties can be sec- are s0 apparent that the idea is facts that can be brought ta- catching and by gentler degrees gether in general view and by ather nations are praceedlng in conternpîating the picture pre- the same direction. sented any reader shouid benefit. Just ta makre sure we are aware First let it be understoad and af the merry pace at which we appreciated that in a democratic travel let us review some high state, or probably ultlmateiy in r spots af the past. The N.P. is an any other kind af state, citizens aId stary. Statesmen, politicians, get the kind of legislation and ' business men, a number of them government they ask for. That put their heads together and de- does not mean that it will producea cided that a national tariff was the resuits they desire and ex-o a gaod measure for the country. pect, but at least they demand it. i Laws were passed whereby it be- With increasing socialistic tend-r came illegal ta import a long list encies this is becoming more and of commodities except by paying more important. a tax or fine ta the government. Second, it should be recognized This gave a large body of busi- that what is demanded of govern- ress men a decided advantage and ment is nothing mare than an out- workmen, viewing their advan- growth of the life and habit of tage and seeing how organization thought of the citizens. And life aided thern, decided thernselves is far mare than dollars and cents, an organîzation, and i rder ta houses and warkshops, meat and af Y ~make their organization effective, raiment. It embraces ail those bi they in turn dernanded and sec- finer feelings'and illusive, if aI- th ured legislation, not aniy legaliz- luring, aspirations that become th ing their unions, but making it the faundation of ail real home pr possible for them ta deal with and comniunity life. in non-union men. who wauld un- And third, let us be reminded an 1. Staples dercut union members. Another that the farmer is not i a state th far-reaching measure practicaily apart but is a part af the state fai ýd, the forest, the put a stop ta immigration. These and hie stands ta lose or ta gain fi water. These are are but a few of the autstanding according as he does his part i- mh of the basic indus- examples. From them one might telligently and effectively as a foi upotthe whole go an ta enurnerate an endless membet' of the state. That means fli 1ppotie of regulations and restrictions hie has responsibilitiès within his en .and as a part ofis e motar car adds thraugh which the gavernment industry as an industry, and his en lie heap. continues ta gather ta itself more industry in turn has its place 1 and mare authority and power at amangst other idustries that vo rmer friend had in the expense af the individual serve mankind. He has ta press fi; ply that the auto- citizen. the dlaims af his industry, ta in- ccý ioeng th cares Ini view of this it is nat sur- terpret it ta athers and ta seek ter Lers ofrome prdue- prising ta find that farmers thein.-ta understand ather industries the nr r pou-selves have mare and more look- alsao 1 cer ductive enterprises edt h oenetfrass- And the farin prabiem? Funda- off dditional casts en- e otegvrmn o sit ? ily in raad con ance. A striking reminder af this mentally it becames the human op( came out at the recent canference problem, the fostering of good- aon maintenance was of f arm leaders canvened at wili 8and its intelligent practice. W! mer af that much Montreal. While the question of Goodwiii alone can doý much, wis- les he wa ohrihtorthe wheat crop was under dis- dam alone' much also, tagether cieý ýtmatrSmui cussion it was urged that same they can do ail. This la Utopia, noe whatewaso beh measure be enacted whereby but by much tikering and with Cai iat the farmer is wheat growers shouid be cam- disheartenig setbacks the world abl reuertanmpelled ta join a wheat growers' is making pragress. Let us nat h a, Le service hie rend- arganization and conform ta the despair while we tinker.a an osq~rules af that body. Fruit growers --- phl and standpaint theof British Columbia, ta a surpris- Direc Ler.Hsexpian- mg extent, have for same time B sns r P automobile, an-bee neaI r schleisatan Te ada d rumors of wars ie15go ig _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _es e of nationalistic Sa organization is the watch- hd ar nt owco-wordaof the hour and farmers are Legal hid ar o o o-'being urged ta organize. What an aexpianation but for? Some suggest ta buy farm M. G. V. GOULD, B.A., LL.B. due s neaadeiing necessîties and ta seli I arm pro- Barrister, Solicitor, Notary oui is otwel noghduce coaperatively. The prevail- Phone 351 00 ing demand to-day, however, is Royal Bank Bldg., Bownanville and consequences af thatthy organize ta press their ee farmer praduces oai n gavernment, nat aîane W. R. STRIKEle équivalent af twa ta secure direct nianetary assist- Barrister, Solicitor', Notary bs aI o wheat. Sup- ance but also ta obtain legisla- Solicitor for Bank af' Mnra ýt one thousand of tion whereby farmers who do lot MoIney ta Loan. Phone71 7 ed ta pay taxes think with the majority can be Bowmanviile, Ontario. be of other charges whipped into lie. - man [y ta him by the fThat, Icusmef olit L. C. KASON, B.A. larlj ave. This means fo ols rganization with the Barrister - Solicitor and Laving twa trous- idea aI obtaining goverfiment 'Natary Public - Etc. are give in exchange favour always brings a clash af Law in ail its branches. m iing, mnachinery, iterests. Not oniy that, it means Office lmznediateiy east of Rayai loal de; and otrer re- disunity withi the ranks of agri- 1 Theatre. ers has only one culture itselî. Such is the prîce Phones* Offi'688; Home 553. occu as a potential ta be paid for this methad of Casi his position is procedure. DenWthey d. Not only that, The important point ta be noted ar nake up for this is that the farmer is a citizen of DR. L7 C. DEVITT waxe work far harder tre state and as such his interests Assistant: Dr. E. W. Sinson is wauld atherwise are wrapped Up with the interests Grgduate of Royal Dental Col- lie prabiem be- af ail other citizens. Whatever lege, Taronto. Office: Jury Jubilee Wl id seem ta be ta the public measure enacted, even BIdg. Bawmanviile. Office hours ational economy though it be designed ta 'better 9am to 6 p.m. daily except Sun- ier would get a te interests af a particular class day. vhat is gaing. ol persons, has its reaction an the Phone 790. House phone 883. W- id the press are weil-being af many others. Sa it X-Ray Equipment in Office. Agr is as ta how this is well for anyone cansîdering the ut befare we ex- welfare of agriculture ta ponder Funeral Directors n it wouid be the present condition af atrer a ur bearigs i limes af productive enterprise. FUNERAL DIRECTOIRS' opinion and the Whio would claini that as a whoie Service, any hour, any day. es., Undoubtediy warkmen are satisfactorily sîtu- playe ated? Farm labourers are cer- F. F. Morris Co. inC tainly underpaid and it is no Iault Modern Mator Equipment, Am- Out af the farmer, either. Mechanics, buianoe and Invalid Car. Cail Bran skiiied workers i the building Phone 480 or 734, Assistant 573.Cond trades, and in many lines af mate manuîacturing, natably automa- A cioeryears biles, are outrageously overpaid _ ________________upon When they are working but much Licenseil Anetioneer interE af the time trey go unempioyed ELMER W1LBU hogs while vast numbers are perman- Wampten. Ont, tors 'ently idie. Doctors, iawyers, art- speîialîzig In Farin. Llvestock, natioi ists, bankers, ail-have their dif- Implements and FUrnitUre Sales anyr -ficuities. On ail hands the cry TERMS MODERATE try i goes up that the tinies are aufa Phone for Terms and Date to- plete joint and trat citizens, no matter flo*manvîîîe 2428. some What thell enterprisé, are un- _____________ a whi prosperous. Candid observation_______________mii conipels the opinion trat farmers ni are not the only people who need Iest We Fre"Hof thei lo impove. A.H. oUN AlL Hav on frmiers -in Northumberadoth and Slmcoe, then Toronto wiîîhae fregô the seeming advantages of Oieo ti higher daylight-saving. It la ta be fear- Inuarc than in ed trat the hardýhips infllcted do creased not caunt very heavily.* Grant Rn widfrSrýltl, opn *trat there is a generai leaven o ,viceaIic rity itr gaadwilli present, for undoubtedlySice17,drn1 there la, yet hit s Iiniediate class Put S interest trat counts and prevaila. oei One shriks from admitting, but - ek1 'nter Litters Pay Onit. Hog Raiser P. Watson, Ontario Dept. griculture, Pointa Out Winter Farrowed Litters Reach Market At Time of Peak Prices la ms ot sa long ago sinco ho 'od a rather unimportant pa Canadian agriculture, poin- W. P. Watson, Live Sto! îch, Ont. Il'ept. aI Agricultur iitians have changed ver Lrially -sduring the pant te rs and hogs are naw loqke in as the clans of live stoc pays the taxes and meete th rest on mortgages; in fac sare one aI the biggest fa iin aur national and inter >nal tnad.e. As a consequencE roforence ta the swine indus [n Ontario would be incoT "and iadequate withou "roference ta the industry a iole as it portains ta the Do io. og marketings in Canada arg ewhat irregular and seasona viest marketings aîways accui ng the latter part aI thse year àmatter aI fact over 50 pei aI aur hogs are mamketed ir rnonths from September tc enber inclusive. ghest runs invariably accu .g July and August, when ietinga Irequently reach the point af 40,000 hogs per week. ostimated trat aur domestic irements amount ta approx- ely this figure. During the montbs marketings oltor 1100,000 head per week. The àse between the 10w month th higb month is alten aver cause af tris fluctuation In .tings, Canada is olten plac- te position aI having only h hogs for hem domestic me- nonte ln the summer rnonths ,aving large exportable sur- sduring the late fl'u1manths, similar surpluses during the gmonths. s rather significant that hog 1have onily been below $8 wt. on a Iew occasions since and speaks volumes for the aIo the Britishs Govemnment gulate importe. It is also y aI note that hog prices been at least $3 per cwt. rin the summer months In tise faîl montra. This in- d price should be ample ,sation ta tre man who can les raise wintor farrowed which will reacis markset :utias occun wprieky .uties o pak ricos.yan nos within a perlad aI ane This condition la undoubt- r i r And in winter each' twig and each c brancis and limb big, Wear an rme robe warthy e an oanl; ,It han stood trere se strong, trrough the seasons se long, And wiil stand many more yet r to be, For we knowv that oach sprimg, birds again will there sing In that dean ald, mucis loved maple tree. -RALPH GORDON. 628 Crawford St., Tronto. edly an indication trat competi- tien existe among packems for the purchase aI hogs. The regrettable feature about it is trat it is a cantributing factor in many hogs gaing ta market at impropor weighte. Fluctuations i price are mot as violent as fluctuations in marketings. It would trorefome appear trat groater rogulamity af marketings will be mocessany if prico fluctua- tions are ta be reduced, concluded Mr. Watson. In 1937 tomre were 329 deatrs froni typhold lever in Canada; laat Year the number was 206. THEOL MALEPORTABLE CABINS The house can be constructed af At te ede o ourlaw, stnds ECO E PO ULA raèugh lumbor at a cost of $15 ta A t t h e d e a I a u r a w n , s a d$EO M O U A 2 5 f o r m a t e r i a s . I f i t l a d s l e d , A rom d awn toldawne, UN HOC RAUSING ta paint the building and lergtlen. A r u g e d a j e ti c l d t e eit e p e r io d a I u s e f u in e s , it w u l Its trunk in rough bark, lifts iteel (xei t b dlal ue planed oud. str ng and stark ( P erm enal arms News) bPa nkia blsho u s e p ued fo, . , ManY feet ere the limbs start The portable hog cabin la grad- flaorxng.: t a be; ually finding a distinct place on h r ee e o a ar o a m Thon they brancis out a'erhead, neanly every nuxed Iarm where Wheban fedronyhauss aedkéÎmdt like an umbrela spread hogs play an important role, states twî eddaddry oy To prtct from te rains when A. Hl. . Colbert, Dmi ion Ex- trouble la generaly expeeri«dg[ Wirthy fla, Perim etal Station, Roas t h e r i, witr iter rickets or rheum tup its le a -fa ric s h e n, il S a k. It la c n v e n ie n t, c h e a p , i A t th e E x p e im e n ta l, a i o verdantly green, simple in construction, durable, Rosthern, tests have tIioe tat. There it stands, Nature's m nu- adaptable, and readlly movable the " " tje o ai aio ô m e n t ta l. fr m p la c e t a p la c e .to P e rm it ro - j u A ble a n d o fc a n e i sn t g t h tatonaI asure lots during the calony bouse with 30 ta 36 l*lh In the sumner its shade, is as cool sumner monts. If the ides are aides and aplnfor. heat a s m e glade, hinged 50 that t ey open up from t r a a l t an d d r T la ft- As it m oves 'gainst the sun 'er the bottom and are supp ated in me a errab le p and ita be tte y n the lawn, lUne witr the eaves, the cabin ,nYtiaoduabdlte, e s ae or aea. And its big leaf-limbed dame also take the place af shade trees gives miore ample acconaoaton forms a sanctuary omne' i the hottest weater - the pigs for heavy sows. For the birds as theY sing in the wlll rest in comîart an thse floors Fanrowing tests have Proved dawn; while gentîe breezes play avertatrent Oshsehic- And i thsurioht utunininte, hen te.jony ouses during winter weatb«r tresunon hemglits, Witr the coming of winter, the and early pring gave strongex' Turn ta goid and rase reds and cabi can be moved ta a conven- land more vigarou& litterg than Lierare greens, Uent place near the farm buildings sows housed i barns wth Othemi Lieno brushes aI art can con- and if the weather ls severe the live stockr. ceive or impart sides and one end banked withj Plans and opacifications for a, To teir canvases, muras or straw packed in between the walls i a a i r onan c i Cr screens. and a framework aI lum ber or ,h g c b acul r No 7 TinedAU inear - o wire canstructed abouteghencuaiNo. a78, bThe Dominiono T hen the law n all to a soon, a n a inches aw ay. T he ent raeg ten d D a rin ont aI A griut ure o t-ý lea-carpet strewn may as a rule bo let unbanked. tawa, and obtainabe on roquet. M riî I MPO Q417 Gutta Percha Tires are aol d lrgooamencded by: MOKEEVEIR &UMT Teauperance Street Bowmaavile No Changes On Hog Grading Regulations No changes have been made recently in the Hag Grading Re- gulations in sa far as they affect carcass grading of hogs, according ta a statement issued by the Do- minion Department of Agricul- ture. The department is cantinu- ing ta provide a Hag Grading ser- vice an 1ive as well as an Carcass grading standards, accarding ta the basis of sale. The recent annauncernent by Ontario packing hauses af their intention ta affer prices an dress- ed weight and grades anly for hogs praduced and marketed within the pravince of Ontaria, was nat referred ta the Depart- ment. The Dominian Department af Agriculture is respansible for the grading of bags, but the question as ta whether hags are ta be sold an a live or dressed weight basis is not subject ta, departrnental regulatians. Warble FIy Causes Enormous Losses To H ides For Leather Not only is the warble fly ane of the warst insect pests of cattie but it is a destructive enemy of te ancient Canadian art of lea- ter making. Cattie hides com- prise the principal material used I the tanning industry of Canada, ind approximately 70 per cent af te cattie bides used in the manu- icture of leather came ariginaliy 'rn Canadian farms. The re- nainder bas ta be imparted. But r the damage caused by warble Uies ta, the bides, Canadian farrn- 's w6uld be able ta supply the mtûre amaunt. The full extent af the lasses in- olved every year thraugh warble ly damage is nat generaliy re- ignized. As the resuit of an ex- nsive survey it has been found .at at the very minimum 50 per ent of ail Canadian hides taken f in one year were darnaged by >en or healed grub hales, and n thîs basis Canadian hides were rrth $700,000 less in finished sther than if they had been lar. Owing ta, contrai measures ow adapted, 70 per cent af the !nadian bides are entirely us- ble. The total lasses in Ontaria ave been stated ta be $5,000,000 lear, and accarding ta, the para- let issued by Publicity and Ex- msion Division, Dominion De- artmnent of Agriculture, "Warble ies and their Contrai in Can- la," it is estimated that the lass- ;from ail causes (damnage ta les, injury ta cattle fromn frighti id worry, reduction of milk pro- iction, and wastage of beef) at- ibutable ta warble flies through- it the Dominion are fram $7,- 0,000 ta $L.4,000,000 annuaily id in some seasons may exceed rn the latter figure. This pamn- iet g;*ve# luil information on the t way ta Contrai the pest. Two species of warble fies have corne widely distributed *i iny parts of the warld, particu- [y in EuropJe, North America, dta) a less extent in Asia. There eno warble flies in South Lericd, a tact which is flot aver- ined by the Argentine expart- io cattie hides. Warble fies .r in every part of Canada tre live stock is raised. In nada and ini ail cauntries where ýy are prevalent and abundant, xble fles are one af the warst ect pests af cattle. BACON 15 WHAT YOU MAKE 1T ic a#'7 4e S E LLS qÇtain - - -- - - -- - l~e#oPAYSinV,~. AND THE HOG PAYS WELL! Properiy fed, 350 lbs. of grain makes 100 lbs. of pork. ,Rail-grade prces are based on dressed weight ... so weii-fed hogs when Rai-Gaddpa de ighest prices for their feed.ý But "well-Jed" does flot mean over-fed. Good feeding cails for a balanced ration of grains and proteins. Grain, by itself, is flot sufficient to develop and bring your .hogs to market requirements economicaily. Proteins of animal origin, such as skim milk and tankage, are of equal importance. Proteins promote growtb and save grain. This representative Feeding Trial, with three lots ot 21 pigs each, shows how grain may be 'saved and cost of production lowered by feeding protein supplement: Loti1 Lot 2 Lot 3 Grain & Grain & Grain Protein Protein alone Supple. Supple- ment "A" ment -B" Days on Feed................................................ 119% 129 214 Daily Gain................................................... 1.31 lbs. 1.24 lbs. .74 lbs. Grain eaten per 100 lb sain .......................... 321.63 392.76 611.84 Cost of Hog per 100 lbs. gain ..........................S6.14 $5.97 $7.38 The fceding of Protein Supplements saved 219 ta 29o lbs. of Grain, or from $2.48 ta $2.82 per 200 lb. Hogs. THE BALANCED RATION GAVE THESE HOGS THE OPPORTUNITY TO PAY THE HIGHEST PRICE FOR FEED-AND THEY PAID IT! The Dominion Experimentai Farms fromn coast to coast, raise and feed hogs to obtain unbiased breeding and feeding facts. For information on hog feeding and production apply to the Superintendent of the Dominion Experimental Farm. serving your district, or direct to: Dominion Department of Agriculture, Ottawa. Maràeting Service, DOMINION DEPARTMENT 0F AGRICULTURE Honoara ie Jamei G. Gardiner, Minister. THE CANADIAN STATESMAN, BOWMANVILLE (-)KT,&PTn A»