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THURS., FEBRUARY 22nd, 1945 THE CANADIAN STATESMAN, BOWMANVILLE, ONTARIO PAGE SEVEN SCIENCE AND THE FARMER B>' W. D. Tolton, Director of Ex- tension, Ontario Agricultural Coliege, Guelph, Ont. (Note-This is the fourth of a series of comments by well- known authorities, written expressly for the Weekly Press of Ontario.) Can the practicai farmer make use of the marveilous discoveries ef science to increase his profits an~d achieve a higher standard of living for himself and his child- -ren? è0N one will deny that our scientists have been taking giant isteps forward. We read daily about startling new discoveries such, for example, as life saving penicillin, as weli as life destroy- ing jet propulsion. But about Agri- culture? To answer the question we have only to look about us and examine the resuits of science .on our farmn today. Science shows its hand here in a surprising num- -ber of ways. The bumper wheat jBusiness Directory * Legal W. R. STRIKE Barrister, Solicitor, Notar>' Solicitor for Bank of Montreal Money to Loan - Phone 791 Bowmanville, Ontario LAWRENCE C. MASON, B.A., Barrister, Solicitor, Notary Publie. King Street W., Bowmanvile Phone: Office 688 Residencé 553 W. F. WARD, B.A., Barrister, Solicitor, Notar>' Bleakley Block Bownianville -Ontario j~Phones: Office 825- House 409 k ~ 2-tf MISS APHA I. HODGINS Barrister, Soilcitor, Notary Publie Successor to M. G. V. GOULD Temperance St. - Bowmanville Phone 351 34-tf Dentist DR. J. C. DEVITT Assistant: Dr. E. W. Sinson .raduate af Royal Dental Col w~ge, Toronto, Office: Jury Jubilerc Bldg., Bowmanville. Office hourài 9 a.m. te 6 p.m. daily, 1 9 a.m. te 12 noon Wednesday, 1 Closed Sundayi Phone 790 - House Phone 325 X-Ray Equipmeni. in office crops of Western Canada were made Possible by the patient cross LI breeding et selected varieties by Dr. Saunders and the men who camne after him and are continu- ing bis work. The electric current which at the tom eof a switcb floods the stable with light on dark mornings and eperates the compresser for the miiking ma- chine, the chemicai fertilizer ewhich raises the crep yield, and sthe sprays which protect against sinsect ravages and bacteriai and ffungus diseases are enly a few examples of science at work on the farm. r There are bigger and better tthings te cerne. When the war yends Canadian Agriculture wiil be spresented with many epportuni- ytics fer deveiopment and expan- Ssion, and Canadian farmers must -be prepared te grasp these oppor- 1tunities and make the rnost of 3them. This wili only be possible if farmers have saved enough of stheir wartime earnings te provide .themseives with the teois wbich tthey require. Most farms are very short of machines and equipment. Whiie Production of farrn rachinery has been drastically curtailed due te the war, the men wbe buiid these machines have net been idie. They have been developing new ma- teriai and planning better ma- chines for peace-tirne agriculture. New types of labor saving equip- ment are being invented and test- ed in order te provide impleinents wbich wili increase production and cut down on labor. On the experimental farrns and at the Agriculturai Coilege much work is being done on soul fertility and soul conservation. Tests are carried eut in laboratories and in the tield in order te determine the best fertilizer combinatiens for 1different; crops on ail types of sals and the most satisfactory and economicai way of appiying them. Soul erosion is being studied in ail parts of the country and specialists in soi] conservation are working on metbods of preventing the wastage of good ricb topseil from our farms. Drainage is another very« im- portant question which we cannet overleok. Not eniy wifl proper drainage resuit in bigger crops, but it is aise the means et bring- ing tbousands of acres' of low lying lands inte production. On the other side of the picture, science bas created many new materiais from the products of our tarms and ferests. The manu- facture of these products will open up new markets for the fariner and new wealth for Can- ada. Here are a few tbings wei can look forward te: much wider use of eiectricity on the farm, fast- freezing units for preserving perishabie feods, improved build- ing materiais, better machinery of ail kinds, better radies and wasb-E ing machines, new insecticides, 1 and many, many more. We can only corne by these things by saving and planning now. The man who had laid up readiiy available cash in the form of Victory Bonds, War Savings Certificates, and a bank account, will be able te step ahead with the times. He wiii be able to buy new machinery, erect new build- ings and repair the old, carry eut drainage and soul conservation programs, and aise provide hlm- self with many new comforts in his home. By saving today we can best insure our presperity te- morrow. WHEY FOR BACON HOGS As a resuit of experiments car- ried eut at the Dominion Ex- perimental Station at Normandin, P.Q., te determine the feeding value of whey as a supplement te grains for bacon hogs, the follow- ing conclusions were reached: Wbey is a carbohydrate feed and should be fed with a grain ration centaining at least 6 per cent pro- tein supplement during the de- veloping period, that is, from weaning until the pigs reach 125 lbs. live weigbt, and 2.5 per cent during the fattening period, that is, from 125 lbs. live weight te market weight. Whey may be fed at the rate of 5 parts per pound of meal fed in three feeds daîly during the de- veloping period but shouid be re- duced te two pounds per pound of meal fed in two feeds daily dur- ing the fattening period. Whey shouid be fed as sweet as possible. To this end, it should be taken fromn the factory as soon as avail- able and kept in dlean containers. Cooling will heip te keep it sweet. Decomposed whey should neyer be used in pig feeding. As a health safeguard, whey should be theroughly pasteurized before feeding te pigs. Resuits indicatedc that whey is up te 70 per cent as 1 valuable as skim-milk in pig feeding. DISTRICT FARMERS ELECTEDf TO NATIONAL FARM DIRECTORATES February is the menth when the annuai conventions of the great national erganizations in t h e field of agriculture meet te dis- cuss business and elect officers. Toronto has been the focal point t of mest of these conventions Qnd many local breeders were elected to national directorates of livef stock associations. Reports atS band reveal these namnes on ex-d ecutives and directorates:0 Canadian Shorthorn AssociationS -Directors, Morley Beath, Osh- awa, and Jack Baker, Solina. Hoistein-Friesian Association of Canada-Vice Pres., R. Ray Mc-i Laughiin, Oshawa, who was aise narned te the Extension ServiceI Comrnittee, and A. J. Tamblyn, Orono, was eiected te the director- ate. c Canadian Sheep Preeders Asso- a ciation-President, T. C. Glaspeil, p Taunton. fi Clydesdaie Herse Ass'n of Can- il ada-President, S. S. Staples, Ida, o. Ont., and director, W. Heber C Down, Brookiin. A Outstanding speakers addressed r the varieus associations and gen- oc eral business had te do with rese- lutions and amendments aimed te ir promete generai weifare of stock- C mnen. In the choice of these dist- al rict farmers is centinued evidence si :hat this centre of Ontario con- p tinues te be knewn as one of the h, best live stock areas of ail Canada, t GRAIN FOR PIGS n. Heg feeding trials at the Do- t] minion Experimental Station at 1< Kapuskasing, Ont., shôwed that, e1 of the grain mixtures used, twe tz parts of oats to one ef bariey pro. 12 luced best grewth for young pigs Si up te 75 ibs in weight, and that fE fromn then upwards te 200 lbs y( wveight, the reversed proportions wîere best. i ai We wiii neyer knit our homes aE eogether if wee uin the Io wool over each other's eyes. Pt t', A Q W Ur FSE INN II Io uck reflefrfoi tn gcusdby mwn 'shiete. ot ablu, tpimplea and ohfc Îrdjtonal r<c Unx. :edlatîd, f ti PTN reaaeeu and Sooth,. cmf d cliicate DOGS KILL THOUSANDS 0F ONTARIO SHEEP A late release gives the number o3f sheep kilied in Ontario by dogs (ast year as 8,965, with 2,025 in- jured fer a total of 10,980. This is net the whoie picture fer there are twe ceunties yet te be heard from. The Ontario Government bas paid eut $109,912.00 on these by way of compensation iast year. Weives, bears and ether animais alse account for considerabie damage. The Sheep Breeders' Ass'n recently passed a resolutien t0 give municipal councils great- er powers te deal with the matter. General experience is that if a :armcr shoots a deg molesting sbeep he cornes in fer criticism. 0f dog loyers. The abeve figures ought te be impressive eneugh te show that direct action by owners of flocks is justified, particuiariy n wartime. Life Insurance Providos Financial Foundation The 11f e insurance industry in Canada is successfuliy meeting and overcoming the wartimne problems wbich confront it as the 'mnandiai guardian of family life in the Dominion, said M. J. Smith of Waterloo, Ont., President of the Canadian Life Insurance Officers Association, in a New Year state- nent issued at the Association's office in Toronto. Mr. Smith announced that dur- ing 1944 casuaities amnong the Canadian armed forces brought about the payment of substantial sums te beneficiaries. "Antici- pating the heavy fighting ahead," Le added, "it must be expected that such dlaims will increase further during the next few months." Because periods of war, with their exceptienal mortality rates, lw investment earnings and ther unfavorable factors are net taken into acceunt in fixing life Isurance pýerniumn rates, said Mr. rnith, the insurance industry bas [elt the strain of the past five ears. "However," he said, "~the life isurance companies in Canada are corning through the test weli, as they bave in the past. And )oking forward te victery and ýeace, the industry is well aware àat the lite insurance owned by anadians is net eniy providing a iealthy financial foundatien fer ie nation now, but aise is buiid- ,g an accumulation of savings on 'bich policyholders can erect iceir pest-war plans." Mr. Smith reviewed tbe federal ýgislation recently passed, or pending, te provide social weifare ncasures in Canada, and express- ?d the hope that governmcnts in anada wiii continue te tester egislation te provide seund social ;curity, se that ne Canadian wiii Lck the necessities et lite. The te insurance companies, he said, ,vill always support such pro- ects, provided that tbey are con- ýived on sound principies which '111 preclude disaster later." For its own part, he added, the nsurance industry regards itseif tthe institution by wbich Cana- ans as individuals, through their ,vn initiative and their own hrift, can provide for themseivcs id their familles according te Leir means and wishcs. Reviewing the past year's op- -ations, Mr. Smith said that new ie insurance taken eut in Canada lring 1944 tetaiied more than 100,000,000 and that the total 3w in force is about $9,000,000,- 10 beld by 4,000,000 individual olicyheiders - an average et eore than $2,200 for each. In addition, be said, the Cana- an lite insurance "exported" by irciy Canadian companies deing isiness abroad totais now about 3,500,000,000. It is held lby ebut 1,000,000 persons living in ýdifferent ceuntries. Those "demnestic", and "expert" otais together mean, said Mr. ;itb, that the total of life in- urance under the central of Can- ,an iaws is now more than $12,- 00,000,000 - "aimoat equai te 'nada's funded debt, and equiv- cent te neariy three times the tai capital value of the farming adustry in Canada." During 1944, said the President, de insurance cempanies in Can- da paid eut about $140,000,000 te olicybolders and beneficiaries in h( ti, in th Cý le se la ce w di thi ai tih if du PC mi di; pu ab 64 tel Sn su ad 50 CE al( tei in lit' ad PO the Dominion. Another $120,000,- 000 received from pelicyhoiders W as added te the fonds accruing tomeet future obligations te policyholders, as required by iaw. In the two Victory Loan cam- paigns during the year, Mr. Smith showed, the life insurance cern- panies subscribed $340,0000,000 and raised te $1,128,0010,0010 the total ef life insurance funds in- vested in Victery Bonds since the war began - an average of $280 for each policyheider. Jasper National Park WiII b. Popular Tourist Rendezvous After War Montreai, January 15 - When the American teurists and other sommer visitors begin going back te the Canadian Rockies after the war, tbey will find Jasper Na- tional Park ail ready for them, accorýding te Major J. A. Wood, superîntendent, interviewed in Montreal today. He was net able te discuss gevernment plans for post-war imprevements, but be said they were on the books. In the meantime, in spite of the shortage of men, Jasper was be- ing weii maintained. For tbe past twe summers and durîng the present winter, Dr. McIver Cowan, University of British Columbia bioiogist, had been making a wildliie survey of tbe sanctuary, which extcnds over 4,200 square miles, Major Wood said. He had been lecating sum- mer and winter ranges and tak- ing specimens and, according te bis tindings, the anirnals wcre very heaithy and there had been ne falling off in population. There had been a tremendous increase in elk, wbiie moose, mule deer, mountain sheep and goats, black bears and the smaiier animais were te be feund in the park in great numbers. "Few of the bears actuaiiy came into town this past year," the superintendent said. "We had pienty of these visiters looking for bandouts the year before, but the latest berry crop was good. The deer are as tarne as ever but we have neyer had one te take the place et Old Jasper. He was the pet of ahl the chiidren, whe used te hang affectionateiy around hîs neck and tie ribbons te bis horns. He met ail the trains and made straight for the dining cars. The crews aiways had a morsel for him. Old Jasper was a tamiliar figure in the streets et the town for five org six years. He died in the winter1 of 1940." Fisbing conditions in Jasper were better than ever before, Major Wood repertcd. Rainbew treut eggs were cehiected in the9 spring and Eastern Brook trout eggs in the fail. Some Great Lake trout were aise cuitivated. The fish were raised in a hatchery! on the Maligne River until they were fingeriings; then they were distributed te the lakes threugh- out the park. Last summer, 250,- 000 were distributed; 115,000 eggs were sent te other national parks; and 150,000 brook trout were now in the hatchery, awaiting spring distribution. Brook treut sent te the Maligne Lake system and rainbows te the ether lakes. The roads and trails were in good condition, he said. No new trails had been opened up during the war except the one-way sec- ondary roads te facilitate the transport of supplies and equip- ment te the f ire towers. "We had ne fires last summer. Witb imprevements in our pre- suppression werk, we have per- fect ceverage of the park. Areas overlap and lookout towers are cennected by telephone. We are establishing meteorelogicai sta- tions at strategic points se that we may know the fire hazards at ail times and adjust our otganiza- tien accordingiy. Watchers are on duty f rorn dayiight te dark and in times of hazard we recruit smoke-chasers' te beip them." In answer te a question about skiing in the park, Major Wood said that the Jasper Ski Club had been re-organized and that with the assistance of the gevernrnent volunteer workers were develep- ing Whistler Mountain, near Jas- per Park Lodge. 'They have a geed layout," he said, "and Whist- ler wiii be a big asset te Jasper as a winter sports area. Ebenezer Monthly meeting of th e W.M.S. held at the home ot Miss Anne Hoît, opcned with the worship service led by Mrs. Esl Oke as- sisted by Mrs. B. Ceurtice, Mrs. Kydd, Mrs. E. Werry and Mrs. R. R. Gay. Mrs. G. Annis gave the Bible study and Mrs. Harold Muir sang a sole. Red Cross report was given by Mrs. C. Wordcn. Treasurer's report was aise given. Mrs. Clarence Penfound took the study bock. Meeting cioscd with prayer by the President. Miss Louise Osberne, Mrs. Courtice, Mrs. Oke, Mrs. Rager Crooks wcre in charge of the meeting. Farm Forum met in twe groups at the bernes et Mr. Walter Rundie and Mr. Elton Werry, Monday evening. Mr. G. F. Annis spent a tcw days in Toronto. Mrs. Wiitred Brown has re- ceived a cable that ber busband, Pte. W. J. Brewn, bas arrived sately in Engiand. Several frem Ebenezer attend- ed the Sth wedding anniversary celebration et Mr. and Mrs. A. Crago at Maple Greve on Feb. 13. The "isrns" can only ride into power on the breakdown of our moral standards. You can depend on our garage for prompt and efficient service by skilled and thoroughly experienced workmen. Have us give youir car or truck a check-over, for they have to give a lot of service yet before you will be able to get a new one. AGENT FOR IMPERIAL QIL PRODUOTS GARTON'S GARAGE Phone 2666, Bowmanville i 200,000 SOLDIERS RE-ESTABLISHED As a sidciight on manpower wastage in the present war, the National Liberai Federatien bas issued the tollewing reicase. The terrn "veterans" is an exaggera- tien since total casuaities te date are 70,000, inciuding 26,000 kilied and ever 7,000 missing. The me- icase states: Alrcady 200,000 veterans et this war have been re-established in civil lite. One big develepment et the past week is completion et arrangements te place between 4,000 and 5,000 veterans et this war on farms this summer with federai government assistance. This is designed particularly fer re-cstabiishment o! men wbe en- listcd trom Canadian tarms. Pro- vinces are ce-oerating by grant- ing suitable land, wbiie the teder- ai gevernment bas beught certain areas in order te keep initial costs te a minimum. On tarms cesting up te $4,800 the veteran pays at the outset oniy $480 and two- thirds of the balance over 25 years with intercst at 3Y2 per cent. If he remains on the farrn the teder- ai government pays the other third et the balance as weli as a clear grant et $1,200 fer stock and equipment. STRIKES AND LOCKOUTS IN 1944 Time lest through strikes and iockouts was 50.4 per cent less for the first eleven montbs e! 1944 than fer the sarne peried in the previeus year, the Dcpart- ment et Labeur anneunced today. A total ot 490,281 man werking days were lest up te November 30, 1944, in 180 strikes involving 75,565 workers. During the first eleven months o! 1943, 988,848 days were lest in 382 strikes in- veiving 183,355 workers. In November, 1944, 1,456 work- ers took part in ten strikes which caused a iess et 4,357 man werk- ing days. Twenty-eight strikes ini the same month et the previous year invoived 18,172 workers and caused a time iess of 103,566 days. Twe strikes, involving 2 8 2 workers, were carried over »from October, and eight commenced during November. 0f the total, tour wcrc settlcd and four werc indetinite in resuit, with work be- ing resumed pending final settie- ment. At Nevember 30, 1944, twe work stoppages still continucd- one among workers in a weod factery at Meatord, Ont., the other in a teundry at L'Isiet Statien, P.Q. DAYS FOR COLLECTION Note the new changes of collection and dellvery i your district. This la made neceesary by new evernusa regulations whieh permit us te cover any oes ltrict one day a week only We wiii, therefore, b. ln Bownianviiie MONDAY ONLY HAVE YOIJR BUNDLE READY Oshawa Laundry & Dry Cleaning CO. LWMD FOR ECONOMY Seul your cleanlng wlth yrour laundr7 PHONE - 419 ............... »-»q PAGE SEVEN