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PAGE FOUR THE CANADIAN STATESMAN, BOWMANVILLE, ONTAR<IO SOIIL CONSERVATION IN ONTARIO By Hon. P. M. Dewan, Dawendlne Farm, Ingersoli, Ont., former Minister of Agriculture for On- tario. (Note-This is the f if th of a series of comments by well- knawn authorities, written cxprcssly for tic Weekly Press of Ontario. "First impressions arc mast last- lng." Wien quite a young chap I rade a bicycle over a road in Eastern Ontario, which is now a provincial iigiway. At one spot I always had difficulty in pushing through several rods of blaw sand, drifted acrass from an area of ligit soil. In tic intervening years, I have motored several times over tic modern hgiway. No sand is ta be seen. A refarestcd plot-now *well devcloped and most pleasing ta tic eye-has remcdicd tic situ- ation. This was my first lesson i "Soil Conservation." In later ycars I came ta reside in tic County of Oxford-a sec- tion, for thc most part, of good and fertile soul. But, in the souti- West portion of tic county I saw, on my first visit, an area of pine- stump fences, of tumbled-down and abandoned buildings, of ligit and blowing sands, with icre and there stalks of rye surviving, maturing and propagating tbem- selves. Obviously, rye had been grown as a last resort in a field crop pragram. Within a few years, in tic development of tic tobacca industry, this land was ail reclaimed and made produc- tive for tic grawing of tobacco, by tic use of caver crops, plougi- cd in ta give body ta the soil, by the use of manure bougit from No SUGAR 9aalots Of general farms ta tic nrti and, of course, by tic liberal purchases of artificial fertilizers. Tuis program was only made possible because tobacco was tien, at lcast, paying muci better tian tic average farm crop and s0 tic operatars werc aile ta buy manure and fertilizers in large quantities. Yet, anc is abliged ta ask: "Werc it not. far better iad tuis land been reforcstcd immedi- ately after tic harvesting of tic original pine crap?" Especially, is this query pertin- ent in Old Ontario, wiere already tic woaded area is running f ar below that 15 ta 16 per cent, con- sidcred essential in tiase Eura- pean countries, whcre ni u c i scientific study bas been given ta reforestation policies. On a ratier dreary August day, wiile Minister of Agriculture, I iad occasion ta drive south-cast over Number 20 higiway. I could nat avoid feeling deprcssed as I viewed farm aftcr farm of ieavy, yet robbed and deplcted soil, wiich it would take years ta re- build. An undue surplus of bare ficlds, of unpainted and decrepit bouses and outbuildings, a farmer and bis wife iauling in poor qual- ity hay, with a poor quality out- fit, all provided mute but concrete and convincing evidence tint, for too long a time, as tic saying goes, tiese farmers "had sold ticir manure over tic mountain," ta tic fruit growers beyond. Suci ob- servations m a k e anc wonder wbetier correction is ta be brought about by arbitrary Gav- ernment dictation or by intensive education. Personally, I lean toward tic latter. Sa far I bave reftrred cbiefly ta tic maintenance of soul fer- tility, wiicb is but anc of tic many farms of soil conservation. MAGIC Peacli Loyer Il -cru afted 1 CUP white col 2U ouiz 2 egga, unbet, YÏ top. mat 1 tep. Vanfl1a 34 Cep aborteniug 31 tep. aimond, Slf t drY ingrediet te- gether 3 imues. Cremu 1. . ShOrtening. Add yrup gradually, beatiug wel ait-r each addton. Add iW ki Of flour rmixture. Blend wel. Add egga, Oe at a time; beat weii after each. Add refnainîng fleur mixture iln thirds, aireruately wth mIk ln balves, beating mel fe 5eatch addition. Add fiav. oring. Bake lu 2 greeaed lighrly flOured 8", layer cake Parle at 375'F. uti doue. Top and fil la«yeraf With pewhhaiveand Whlpped cream. Cake te. iexrt ANNUAL SHORTHORN SALE AT LOVEKIN FARM MAR. 8 Catalogues have been distribut- ed wiich list the offerings of the 24ti annual sale of Siorthorns ta be ield at the Lovekin Farm on Marci 8, 1945. The sale is ield under auspices of the Durham County Shortiarn Association and the Department of Agriculture. This year, district breeders have contributed 33 head of pedigreed young brceding stock, consisting of 16 males and 17 females, ahl of the higi quality that has ciarac- terized the sales held formerly by the Association. Assurance that this year's selec- tion, which bas been carcfully made, will meet the requirements of prospective purchasers is in- dicatcd in the names of cantribu- tors herewith: E. F. R. Osborne, and W. F. Rickard, M.P., New- castle; H. Earle Osborne and W. J. S. Rickard, Bawmanville; Capt. Cyril H. Mumford, Hampton; Lew Richardson and Son, Asiburn; Robt. Parrott and Sons, Myrtle Station; A. J. Howden, Columbus; W. L. Morrisan, South Managhan; Mrs. Bessie Walkey, Part Hope; W. A. Dryden and Son, Brooklin; John Mclntyre, Myrtle Station, and John Miller, Ashburn. Auctioneers are Duncan Brown, Sbeddon, Ont., and L. E. Frank- lin, Toronto. The sale is called for 1:30 p.m., Mardi 8, and the Lovekin farm lies 3 miles east of Bowmanvillc on No. 2 Highway and a quarter mile south of Curv Inn. Lunch will be scrvcd as usual. The Sec'y-Treas. is S. Chas. Allin, Bowmanville, who bas arranged for further distri- bution of catalogues at the sale. ORDER YOUR SEED POTATOES Demand from the United States and from other countries for Can- adian certified seed potatoes is particularly active, the Agricul- ture Department said today. In view of this Canadian patato growers are urged by tic Depart- ment ta place their orders for. seed potatoes without delay. If ticy fail ta do so they may find when planting time cames that seed patata dealers will be unable ta f ill orders. At present tiere are enougli seed patataes avail- able ta fill ahl orders tiat are placed; but if the orders from ex- port markets continue ta raIl in as they are now doing, the supply may soon be exhnusted. Potato growers are reminded of the advantages of certified sced ta get increased yield and a bet- ter crop. NEW SUB-STATION FOR HORTICULTURE Anotier link bas been added ta tie chain of Dominion Experi- mental Farms and Stations. It is tic Dominion Horticultural Sub- station at Smithfield, Northum- berland County, Ontario, five miles west of Trenton. The new sub-station has been established primnrily ta assist fruit and vege- table growers in the area between Kingston and Toronto in the pro- duction of qunhity crops. Dr. E. S. Archibald, Director, Dominion Experimental Farms Service, says tiat it is ioped the new sub-stn- tion will nat be regarded merely as a Government farm, but ratier as a community farmn estnblished for the benefit of everyone en- gnged in tic production of horti- cultural draps. The new sub-stn- tion extends over 100 acres, and is opernted by a competent staff as a unit of the Division of Horti- culture, Central Experimen t a 1 Farm, Ottawn. For instance, many originally fertile farm hiflsides are washing away and much of the gaod soil is being carried ta the valleys and flat surfaces below. This calls for a proper system of drainage, of contour ploughing, and' of planting. It is naw almost an annual stary ta find an acute water shortage on many farms in Old Ontario. In the present month (December) a shortage is reported in ten coun- ties-some in the West and mare in the East. This is accurring in parts of the Province where aur yearly precipitatian is sufficient. Yet we are experiencing floads at one time of the year and water famines at another. With swamps bcing cleared and drained, with woaded areas becoming less and less, with reforestatian lmited- in spite of the commendable good work of some municipal authori- ties-Old Ontaria is sarely lacking in water reservoirs. The whole problem is so big that it caîls for action in a big way. Surveys require ta be made and acted upan. Same prajects will necessitate prosecutian ex- clusively by the Government or by a group or Commission vested with gavernment autharity. Other soul conservation prajects will re- quire considerable co-operation upon the part of the farmers themselves. Same activities are, indeed, entirely within their own hands. These Include reforesta- tion, where some labor costs are involved, caver and legume crops, wherein seed costs are a factor,' and it may indeed be government- ai conservation schemes, ta the farmers advantage, wherein addi- tional taxes are involved. These are days when farmers are canserving mare maney than tiey can accumulate in normal times. It is an excellent time ta save money for post-war improve- ments and for conservation pro- grares. There is every likelihood that these can be dane with great- er facility and at less cast af ter the war than in these years. it is a most opportune time ta save, and savingS should be placed in some liquid form af investment such as Victory Bonds. A tatal of 2,553 blood donations have been made ta the Red Cross clinic in Montreal by employees of the Canadian National Rail- ways motive power, car and stores departments. C.P.R. RESEARCH CHIEF: W. A. Newman, M.B.E., who has returned te the Canadian Pacifie Railway after more than four years on oan te Federal Aircraft Limitcd for war work heads the C.P.R.'s new department of research,' which will examine ail branches of railway operation te at- tain the economy and efficiency of transportation imperative if Canada is ta hold her own in post-wr trade. A Qîîeen's Mani, Mr. Newman rose in 17 years from apprentice te chiefI mechanical engineer of the C.P.R. 1-e was created a Member of the Order of the British Empire in 1943 for his services with Federal Aircraft, a Crown company. of which lie was president and general manager. HEAVY SPRING DEMAND FOR SHORTHORNS Fieldman Jack Baker, Hampton, reports a brisk demand for Short- horn breeding stock the past few weeks. Sales he has lately effect- ed include young buils ta Albert Pearce, Newcastle, Howard Brent, Tyrone, and Russell Wright, Bow- manville, besides 4 heifers de- livered to Frank Darland, Burke- tan, from the Bowles H er d, Nestieton. At the recent Peterbora County Sale, prices were exceptionally good. W. F. Rickard and Son, Newcastle, bought a cow with calf at foot at $325, a good buy. At the recent sale at the P. F. Law farm, Toronto, a Bennett Farm bull caif brouglit $1600 and the 9 head fitted by Maurice Bak- er for this sale averaged $900 apiece. Buyers fram the U.S.A. 1took many of the offerings and the 1total received from the 20 heifers and 12 bulîs was $46,775. John Miller, Ashburn, drew the top price of $1675 for a heifer that went ta the U.S.A. According ta aur informant, en- quiries are pouring in from many points in eastern Canada and Shorthorns are on the move up in breeding, quality and price. He sis of opinion that the sale at the -Lovekin Farm, Mardi 8, will be -an outstanding success with ahl eentries bringing good prices. Newtonville Annual statement of Newton- ville Soldiers' Comforts' Fund is as follows: Boxes pncked for oversens ---- 24 Boxes for Canadian Camps ----16 Receipts Bal, an hand, Dcc. 31, '43 -- $ 25.67 W.I. (alsa 24 pr. sox, etc.) _ 15.00 W.A. (alsa coakies) ------ 5.00 Wamen's Scwing Circle -- 2.06 Dona. col. by Mcn's Club --- 85.50 Total---------------------------$1l33.23 Expenditures June 4, Cigarettes ---------$ 20.00 Nov., 1944, overseas boxes, cicese $4.24, F. Cake $4.54, gum, bars, $5.69 -- 14.47 Vigora, Knm, Saup--------- 1993 Cigs, cards, blades, etc. --- 27.43 16 Colgate kits, iandker- ciiefs, blades (Can.) --- 19.86 Miscel., less cartons return. 5.72 Postage ----------------_----23.08 Total ---------------------------- $130.49 Bal. an iand------------------ 2.74 Collected by Mcn's Club for parcels for boys, Christmas, 1944: Mrs. W. Milligan 50c; Harry Den- nîs $1.00; Mrs. F. Smith 50c; Jennie and S. Thompson 50c; Jack Elliott $ 1.00; Gea. Wnlkey 50c; Robt. Eley 50c; Reuber Payne $1.00; Jas. Stone $1.00; Wilbert Ogden $1.00; Albert Wragg $1.00; Jack Reid $ 1.00; Harold Stewart $1.00; Mrs. D. Joncs $1.00; Mrs. McLacilan $1.00; C. J. Dix $2.00; Gea. Thampson 50c; Mr. Ander- son 50c; C. Burley $100; Wilbcrt Hancock $1.00; Gea. McCullougi $1.00; Frank Gilmer $1.00; A. Red- knap 75c; Fred Nesbîtt $1.00; Mrs. B. Joncs $1.00; Mrs. J. Paeden 50c; Mrs. Wiittaker 50c; Wm. Laing $1.00; Mrs. J. Stark 50c; Hnrmy Burlcy 50c; Mrs. J. W. Lancaster 25c; Lanson Milîsan $1.00; Spenc- er Burley 25c; Stan Glover $1.00; Wm. Andrews 25c; Wm. Staple- ton $1.00; S., J. Lancaster $1.00; Cecil Stapletan 50c; Mrs. Coatinm 50c; J. J. W. Stringer $1.00; Westal Stringer 50c; T. A. Reid $1.00; Robinson Bras. 50c; Mrs. J. Clysdalc $1.00; Mac Stapleton 50c; J. W. Filciie 50e; Wilfred Woods $1.00; Mrs. W. Hale Soc; John Morris 50c; Enrl Walkey $1.00; Mary Denault 50c; David Dcnnult $1.00; Arnold Wade $1.00; Bertha Thompson 50c; Mrs. Etian Joncs 25c; Bert Stapleton 50c; Mrs. S. Smith 50c; T. Langstaff $1.00; Mrs. Pearce $1.00; S. R. Joncs 50c; Wilma Prouse 50c; Mrs. Ron Bur- ley 50c; Mrs. C. Farrow 5Oc; Mrs. C. Lane $1.00; J. Hathcrley 50c; Roy Smith $1.00; Mrs. Bruce $1.00; Mrs. Reicimati 25c; Wayne Elliott $1.00; Mrs. Randaîl $1.00; N. Stevens 25c; Leland Payne 50c; John Elmer 50c; Mr. Williams Soc; Wm. Burlcy 50c; F. McMullen $l.00; C. M. Joncs $1.00; A. M. Joncs $1.00; Ronnie Gibbs 50c; Lloyd Clysdnle 50c; Willis Farrow $1.00; Bruce Whitney $1.00; Bar- wood Elliott 50c; Roy Burley $100o; Wm. Payne 50c; Mrs. J. Barrie $1.00; Stan Rawe $1.00; Mm. Wright $1.00; Carl Payne 80c; Gea. Henderson 50c; Mrs. M. J. Bol- man 50c; Mrs. Worrell 50c; E. Eley 50c; Barry Wade 70c; Sid Butcb- inson $1.00;L. Bellamy $2.00; L. Cale $1.00; M. Samis S0c; J. Darch $1.50; J. Kimbaîl 75c; G. Kimbal $1.00; M. Kimbaîl $1.00; Alf. Brown Soc; Mrs. H. Brown $1.00; C. Robinson $1.00; Mrs. Daynard 50c; Mary Lane $2.00; Ed. Samis $1.00; John *Couci $1.00. Total $85.50. MRS. C. BURLEY, Treas. Courtice Courtice W.A. met at tic home of Mrs. Rabt. Barber. Tic meet- ing opcned by singing a hymn. Bible lesson was read by Mrs. L. Barrabaîl. Clifford Barber favar- cd witi a solo, "Station S.A.V. E.D." Gardon Barber favored witi a solo, "Tic Little Tea Pot." Tic topic "Nat Omitting tic Fourti Stnnza," taken from tic hast hymn sung, was taken by Mrs. H. Burrows. Secretary's re- port was given and letters werc rend fram boys oversens and in Canada wia iad received parcels, as wcll as tiank you notes from shut-ins and sick folk wio hmd been remembered with fruit or flowers. Considerable business was transactcd, including a dona- tion ta Victar Home in Toronto; a carton of gum ta be sent ta boys aversens; an additionnl donation ta Sunday Sciaol building fund; report of six quilts being quilted since tic January meeting. Re- freshmcnts were scrved in Valen- tine style. Mrs. Gearing and Mrs. Penfound will arrange programa for next meeting, Marci 21, at Mrs. L. Barraball's if the roads permit. MANY DEPENDENTS FAIL TO APPLY FOR WAR GRATUITY Should Apply at Once to National Defence Headquartcrs Dependents of as many as ten tiousand Navy, Army and Air Force personnel wio have been killcd or have dicd while on active service have failed ta apply for the War Service Grntuity, it was announced tokday by tic Depnrt- ment of National Defence. Only a portion of thase eligible have made application for tiese gra- tuities, it was stated. ,Entitled ta receive gratuities on bcialf of deceased servicemen are: (a) Thase wio werc drawing dependents' allowance at tic time of tic serviceman's deati. (b) IÈhose wio were dependent upon tic deceased serviceman and wio were rcceiving assigned pay fram iim at tic time of uis deati, even though tiey were nat edg- ible for dependents' nllownnce. Next-of-kin wio were nat de- pendent upon tic deceased ser- viceman are not eligîble for gra- tuity payment. Dcpndents, in clniming this war service grntuity siauld apply ta IL National Defence Headquartcrs, giving the number, rank or rat- ing and full namie of tie deceased serviceman, explaining in detail the extent ta which the applicant was dependent upon hlm, and stating whcther the applicant was receiving dependents' allowance or assigned pay at the time of the sailor's, soldier's or air m a n's death. The address ta which applica- tions should be mailed is as fol- lows: The Secretary, Department of National Defence (Army) OTTAWA, Ontario. Attention: Paymaster-General. DOMINION STORES SHOW INCREASED SALES IN 1944 The sales of Dominion Stores Limited for.- the calendar year 1944 were $31,658,434.00, campar- ed with $27,655,078.00 for the same period ending December, 1943. Thc average weekly sales per store increased 16.89 per cent in 1944 campared with 1943. At the end of 1944 tiere werc 247 Dominion Stores in operatian. The operating results for the cal- endar year 1944 show an imprave- ment over the previaus year. In view of the time which will elapse between tic time of the issuance of the last Annual Re- port ta the Shareholders and the new one, accasioned by tie change in the fiscal year, the above an- nauncement is made by tie Board of Directors of Dominion Stores Limited. HOUSEHOLD WORK UNDER BETTER CONDITIONS OFFER MORE SATISFACTORY CAREER Studies naw being made by the Canadian Youti Commission show iow tic increased use of in- dustrial machinery and the sim- plification of operations necessi- tated by war conditions have revolutionized work done by wo- men. From June, 1941, ta October, 1943, the number of female wage and salaried workcrs in Canada increased by over 400,000. By May, 1944, one million women were wage carners. Clerical, sales, industrial, and iouseiold workers form the larg- est accupatianal groups, w it h single wamen predominating - and their post-war prablems are equally, if not mare complex than tiase of the men with wiom tiey will be campeting for jobs. Here- tofare many girls have viewed employment as an interlude be- tween school and marriage, but 30,974 war dead, plus the fact that over 29,000 Canadian servicemen have married British girls, dim the prospects of marriage for thous- ands of yaung Canadian women. Pre-supposing full employment after tic war, n large number of wamen would continue ta be ncedcd in factories, but not l of tic womcn now 50 emphoyed. One immediate opening for many girls wauld be in iouschold work. In 1931 tic census siowed 24 per cent of ahi female wage enrn- crs werc iousehald workers. In May, 1944, tuis hd dropped ta 13.4 per cent. If conditions in this field wcre improved many girls naw employed in wnr plants wouhd return ta iouseiold wark. "Domestic servant" has n ring of scrvility and improvement migit well begin witi a new termi. Op- portunities ta train for iouseiold work as a skilled trade wauld maise tic status of tic womker and il From the hundreds of unsollicited testimonial letters on file at Bray head office: P. Dapello, South PorcuPine, Ont. "«Your chicks were realiy some- thlug to brag about!" Jullus Loebl, Kemptvllle, Ont.- "They have done excellently - we have lost less than the ex- tras."1 John F. Blizzard, Fredericton, N.B. "IThese Bray Chicks are really the fineat I have ever seen." Mrs. J. Popel, Sr., Winnifred, Alberta- "'Very good layers as well as good looklug." Mrs. R. J. MacDonald, Tracadie Cross, P.E.I- "Out of the 54 I have raised 52. Neyer had a bit of trouble." Mrs. Charles Wallace, Metcalfe, Ont.- "In full production at 6 montbs - have kept up an average of 75- 78% ever since."I Plenty of Bray Chieka for prompt shipmeI1t ln these breeds and hybrids: White Leghornl Barred Rock New Hampshire New Hampshire x Sussex Sussex x New HaMP- shire New Hampshire x Rock Rock x Leghorn New Hampshire x Leghornl Minores, x Leghornl Lisnlted nainbers lu these breeds: Llght Sussex White Rock White Wyandotte Brown Leghornl Blak Minorca Black AustralorP Rhode Island Red We have alwaYs been careful about blood-test- lng. This season we bave put on the most ambitions re-testing campalgn lu our history. We now have breedlng flocAs totalling 40,000 birds wlthout a single reactor. improve tic quality of tic work. To many wamen, houseiold work under good conditions would offer a mare satisfying career, witi grenter opportunities for in- itiatives, tian tic routine of an assembly line. But hours of wqrk, living conditions, and wage scales, ($250 wns tic yearly average sbown in tic 1931 census) will need considerable averiauling ta, bring household, wark in line with other work opportunities. A man may have nutiority over otiers, but be can neyer bave their ieart, except by giving his own.-W. Wilson. Ticre's no use bcing free from things we dan't lîke, if tint just mnakes us a slave ta things we do like. h THURSlDAy, MARCH lst, 1945 '4 Tell us your chlck requirements, and we will give YOU uNl information on Bray Chicks (10 breeds, 6 hybrids, Gov- ernment Approved). Prompt service, early shipmeflt. FRED W. DIRAT LIMITED 120 JOHN ST. N.- HAILTON, ONT-. AGNTS.... JACK HUDSON, ORONO, WILFRED RICHARDSON, PONTYPOOL F. L. BYAM, TYRONZ wiTE*hIL 1.1 il Liquor Control Board of Ontario NOTICE to Individual Liquor Permit Holders DO NOT DESTROY your present individual Liquor Permit Liquor Permits will be extended (flot re-issued) to Mardi 3lst, 1946 on application and paymrent of $1.00 at any Liquor Control Board Store on and after March l9th, 1945. The decision to extend the use of the present permits will effect a substantial saving in paper and printing costs, and is in keeping with present day conservation policies. WILLIAM G. WEBSTER Chief Commissioner ge# vqu -4w vu LAMPS L4 ANA A GNEAL LCe O 1 %9