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THE ANAIAN TATSMAM1:tWMAIVTTT.V.nMI,&leTn 9'W ~TIAlA 'A TET~V17~fA1!TT Nn,- - . fLJ :.*.LSUWi VÂflN VIÂLjLE' OtJNTARff.IO IflLiLS L/ Origin of Goodyear Co. Story of Health and Vision The year 1898 was still a pe iod of hard times. Business lai guished, men were out of wor: Few cared to risk time and moi ey on uncertain ventures. On: intrepid optimisits with faith ar vision, in these circumstance took up the challenge of the time One of these was Frank A. Seil: erling, a young man of 38 wl saw the automobile coming an decided to enter the rubber bu iness. The birth of his idea wa the beginning of the Goodyea Tire and Rubber Company, Lin ited. The story is one that h all the romance one finds in tale of struggle, courage, trials, de feats and ultimate success. S let us view the picture. Among many idle factory build ings were two in Akron, Ohic Seiberlings thomehtown. Durn five years they had fallen int disrepair. To him they offerec opportunity. He envisioned hum ming machinery, busy workmer miles of auto tires. Having n, money he bought the buildings his capital a high faith, long vis ion, boundless energy. His cre dit was character. He pledged hi j1ame on four promissory notes each of $2,500. From a relativ( he borrowed $3,500 cash as . down payment. Machinery ani raw materials were negotiated or long-term agreements. He wa on his way. Busines Gamble It was a business gamble. Il Seiberling lost he would be mirec in debt. If he won he woulk bring employment and payrol funds to many families in his owr home town. He was a business- man risking his whole future, the kind of man so often reviled to- day by those who profit from brains, energy and risk and fail to think back to basic causes. Bu1 he won the struggle jointly witl those whom he gathered aboui him at his sole risk. From an early group of 13 workmen the Goodyear Tire and Rubber Com. pany has become an organizatior giving employment to hundreds of thousands of people, of every race and creed in most countries all over the globe. How and why has this come about? We have space only for a sweeping picture. The story of the rise of the Goodyear Company divides into three periods. Between 1898- 1908 were the early days of in- vention and improvement of pa- tent fights and financial difficul- ties. Between 1908-1920 found expansion with the dynamic growth of the auto industry, the first great war, development of plantations, entry to the Canadian field, world exports, Goodyear outstripped rivals. From 1920-45 there were two depressions, re- finance, reorganization, recovery and another great war. First Phase During the first phase, 1898- 1908, Goodyear commenced with rivals already established. The company got a toe-hold. Finance was a problem. Workmen had to be paid. The first stock issue of $43,500 was floated. Raw stock came along COD. Akron, a city of 50,000, supplied labor. Soon 176 men were on the payroll. The trademark, "Winged Foot" was chosen. It still headlines the pmoduct. Seiberling bought in his brother Charles and other as- sociates including P. W. Litch- field who is still active as Chair- man of the Board. Brains and science !urther roosted the for- tunes of the young company. Early products were bicycle tires, pedals, hand-grips, rubber plugs, hard tires for buggy rims. Patent lawsuits became a bug- bear. A real sales organization helped lick the worry of finance. More men were hired, paid every week. By 1902 auto tires were fabricated. By 1905 Goodyear led the field in tires. Road tests were started. The 500 mile auto races found rival competitors. Litch- field brought out the straight-side tire, a revolution. He went to Europe, opened foreign markets. The Company started an adver- tising campaign that brought or- ders flooding in for the new tires. Sales rose from 2 million dollars in 1907 to 25 millions as the fist period cosed. The solid founda- tions had been laid. Seiberling had won through, a triumph for individual initiative and enter- price that brought with it money and security for hundreds of workmen and their families. Second Phase The next phase, 1908-1920, was i the age of automobile expansion.s The basic experimental stage of i rubber was past. Expansion was f th ..rder of the day. Some 200,-4 Ou, people now owned autos. w Goociyear grew to 850 employees r making tires and mechanical rub-- ber goods. Expansion meant fur- ther finance. It was always a headache for the men at the top for workers had to be paid, pro- ducts paid for, new machinery installed, the plant enlarged. New men of brains and science were brought in. Executives toiled in to long nights. Came the "All-weather" tread with the famous Diamond Design, still- so familiar. Sales leaped. Then came the rubber pools with Brazilian raw rubber upped to $3 a pound. There was a flood and a strike. More headaches. Cot- ton prices were upped. Came the competition of the cord tire. Goodyear merged with the Dia- mond Co. By 1916 the firm could blazon: "More people ride on Goodyear tires than any other , kind." A full-time doctor was hired for factory employees. Re- search was stepped up. The com- pany entered the field of aero- nautics in 1910. Then along came trucks for motor transport. The auto industry paced the times. Plantations Opened Goodyear pioneered in pneu- matie tires for trucks, opened the CARLISLE SPARKED DEVELOPMENT0F 80 WMAN VILLE When C. H. Carlisle came to SUPERINTENDENT Bowmanville in 1910 to establish a Canadian factory for Goodyear - in Canada, he saw at once that y many improvements would be d needed to attract the large num- ber of workmen who would be needed to manufacture the rub- ber products demanded in an un- > ending stream of orders. The town had no waterworks, sew- age disposal nor adequate power. S But the Seymour Power Co. had - already arranged to enter the picture. Modern improvements, s it was thought would be an im- petus to building the large num- ber of houses that would be needed. So Mr. Carlisle immed- iately pressed for the municipal- ity to tackle these problems. His campaign went on through 1911, and when the yearM1912 opened, J. B. Mitchell was Mayor and M. A. James, editor of The Charles Cattran Statesman was Reeve. They fre- quently conferred with Mr. Car- Charles Cattran, who was ap- lisle and The Statesman carried ponted Superintendent of the o- on a campaign to acquaint citi- cal Goodyear plant on January zens with the projects contem- 15, 1944, has been a resident of plated. Front page stories quoted Bowmanville for more than six- Mr. Carlisle. He stated that teen years. Goodyear had already invested Born in a small English fishing over a million dollars here, the village and educated in the old GTR spur track to the plant was country, Mr. Cattran carùe to Ak- completed and more men were ron, Ohio, in 1916 and took his being hired daily. first job i the chemical depart- He insisted that, given water- ment of the Goodrich Tire Corp. works and sewage and increased In 1918 he joined the Goodyear housing, there was every reason Tire Co., and has been with that to expect that an additinal 400 company for the past 27 years. workmen a. year would be hired Mr. Cattran came to Bowman- for at least a period of 5 years. ville in 1929 as Development This expansion was foreseen in Manager, and in 1941 was ap- the orders flowing in. Given pointed Assistant Superintend- these accommodations, particu- ent. He carried the responsibil- larly housing, the Bowmanville ities of both offices until he was population by 1917 could easily promoted to the position of Sup- reach 8000. erintendent early last year. Council accordingly acted ini During World War I . the gen- regard to waterworks and sew-t ial young Superintendent, a Bri- age disposal. On Sept. 12, 1912, a tish subject and citizen of Can- by-law was submitted for these ada, served on four technical and improvements. It called for de-t conservation committees which bentures of $111,000 payable in 30 worked in co-operation with the years. Voting on October 8 gave advisory commttee to the Rub- approval. For waterworks 447, ber Controller in Ottawa. against, 39. For sewage disposal, Mr. Cattran has made several 443, against, 39. Tenders were trips abroad to visit the Goodyear immediately called and a front-t plant at Wolverhampton, Eng- page spread of The Statesmant land, and competitive plants in heralded: "Ten thousand popula-r other parts o! Great Britain. In tion in ten years." And the ed- his almost 30 years in the rubber in ted rCarlis As a geat industry, he has accuired broad businessman and a supreme opti- experience and knowledge that mistn eminently fits him for his present misa.a position. Everything began to boom save In his English schooT days, Mr. housing. Bowmanville Foundrya Cattran was an all-round athlete, immediately planned a new build-0 and played on many champion- ing. The Canning Co. came to0 ship rugby and soccer teams. He town. A skating rink was open-e is still an ardent rugby fan, and ed. Goodyear's J. J. Moriarityc follows the fortunes of the local became President of the Board ofV high-school league with great in- Trade. The drive went on to in- terest. eterest local capital in buildingb Mr. and Mrs. Cattran, who have houses but it failed adequately toa four sturdy sons, enjoy a wide meet the need. Mr. Carlisle thene circle of friends and are devoted turned to having Goodyear erectc to home life. Mr. Cattran is a homes. Land was bought and9 member of the Oshawa Golf Club Carlisle Avenue opened with 50V and an ardent angler for bass. new houses. But, as was pointed r out, Goodyear could build a fac-s tory but not a town.p Wingfoot Express, testing these Came 1917, with the.auto de- tires over the 750 miles of road manding millions of tires and from Akon to Boston. They Bowmanville unprepared to tackle proved the product. Came the housing on a scale to meet the war. Truck production leaped, needs. In that year the tire bus- cars multiplied and rolled off as- mess went to New Toronto. Good- sembly lines. Came bottlenecks, year-Bowmanville continued on- with price wars. In 1916 Good- ly in the manufacture of mechan-e year opened a rubber plantation ical rubber goods. Carlisle andT in Sumatra. Then elsewhere. his associates had done their bestn Soon 50,000 acres were in use. for local improvement and ex- Then a cotton ranch of 35,000 pansion. The history is told inF acres was planted in Arizona. this issue. As Mr. Carlisle comest The Company sought some mea- to town for Goodyear's 35th An-a sure of self-supply. Demand for niversary, citizens will give him finished goods was insatiable. special acclaim for the lasting im- In 1917 the USA entered the provements his genius and driv-n war. Tires were devised for war ing force brought to Bowman,- vehicles, airplanes, all added to ville.e domestic needs. In 1917 the tire output was 5,800,000. Goodyear had come a long way. Fabric was fashioned for balloons, blimps, to combat the enemy's offensive. The rubber age was here in earn- est and Goodyear led the field. New men had to be trained when 6,200 Goodyear employees joined the armed services. By the end o! 1918 tbey were coming îack. Their jobs were open. A new plant was opened in California. Other subsidiaries sprang up at widely spaced pofnts. In the flood tide of producton the executves were as harried as in the early days of financial worry. The com- pany's position now seemed im- pregnable. Third Phase Entering the next period, 1920- 1945 things looked bright, the fac- tories hummed, sales leaped. Then came the cloud on the hori- zon. In 1920 came recession. The auto industry fell off, affecting all industry. Goodyear was over- stocked with raw materials. Rub- ber bought at 55e to $1.50 per lb. fell to 20c and cotton from 80c to 40c ruinous to inventories. Loans were called. Payroils stood at a million a week. Men had to be Goodyear's plant hospital, a 5- room setup is splendidly equip- ped. A full-time nurse is in at- tendance and the company doctor observes daily hours there. The least scratch or more serious in- jury gets instant attention. Ermnie Roach, Goodyear's pay- roll clerk, hit the hall of fame iast winter by bowling a perfect score, 450, a rare occurence in any man's town. laid off as sales fell. Came the first great rift in suc- cess. Refinance and reorganiza- tion found Seiberling retired from the picture. Recovery was slow, painful, but by 1926, Litchfield was president, times were better, the liquid position almost normal. when again came the crash, the year 1929. The story of the 1930's is too well known to be told here. The saga of the Goodyear Com- pany down to 1939 and the second world war is sweepingly sketched above. It is a picture of the strug- gles of men facing great odds in behalf of fellowmen. FIRST SUPERINTENDENT FACTORY MANAGER Edward H. Koken A. Wallace Denny At 18 years of age Edward H. Youth came to the fore in 1940 Koken became identified with the:in the Goodyear organization in rubber industry. He started in Canada, when A. Wallace Denny, 1895 as a practical shop man and graduate in science at Purdue went on and up until attracted to University, came to Canada to Goodyear as a production expert. become assistant superintendent In 1913 he came to Canada as pro- in production, associated with su- duction specialist with Goodyear- perintendent E. H. Koken. Canada. He has been here ever Today Wally Denny is Factory since. Manager of Goodyear-Canada. A Mr. Koken came to Bowman- member of Rotary, Toronto, Wal- ville, ironed out production diffi- iy is a frequent visitor at Bow- culties, went on to supervise tire manville Rotary Club on his production at the New Toronto many visits to the Bowmanville plant and became Vice-President plant. Still in his early thirties, in charge o! production, a posi- Wa y Denny is a great figure in tion he stili holds. Canadian industry. Amazing Story Rubber Industry Linkedwith Dowmanville History Just 56 'years after the discov ery of vulcanization by Charle Goodyear, Bowmanville becamq identified with the rubber indus try. For the past 50 years rubbe: has occupied an important plac in the fortunes o! the town anc today the factory of the Good. year Tire and Rubber Company Limited, provides employmen- and commerce by far the mosi important element in the loca economy. An accompanying stor3 tells something of the history of the companies engaged in pro. moting the industry in town, to- gether with the changing con- ditions which forced the decline of other industries in the brief period of a few decades. The amazing story of rubber and its practical use is the story of mankind moving out of an age of wood and steel into a cushion- ed existence of speed, safety and comfort that would require a whole volume to delineate. On land, at sea and in the air, rub- ber products now span the globe and touch the lives of almost everyone within present day civilization. From the sterile gloves of the surgeon, to thé wheels of giant aircraft and the rubber rescue craft at sea, the story is one of infinite and stu- pendous change. History of Rubber No resource of man, has had a stranger history than rubber; none has a wider range of useful characteristics; none of all our imports in the past has been more e s e n t i a 1 to our economy. rhrough its use we came to a new era; through its lack we came close to a world tragedy. For in 1942 the Baruch Commit- tee reported: "Of all the critical and strategic materials, rubber is the one which presents the great- est threat to the safety of the nation and the success of the Al- lied cause. Had we failed to se- cure quickly a large, new rubber supply, our war effort and do- mestic economy would have col- lapsed." In this crisis, Bowman- ville and the Goodyear Company played an important part, as told elsewhere. Historically,% rubber was dis- overed about the time of Colum- bus, but defied practical use for nearly 350 years. Commercially ts use dates from the discovery of Charles Goodyear on how to compound it, the details of which are a romance o! accident and ngenuity. Following his discov- ery came the commercial rival- ies of nations which culminated n its propagation being booted about the tropical world. Six hief dates in history tell the tale. Important Dates 1496: Columbus folind native West Indians playing a game us- ng balls which bounced, native ubber. 1839: Charles Goodyear made is revolutionary discovery. 1876: Sir Henry Wickham, Englishman, smuggled 30,000 eeds from Brazil, propagated lips, started plantations in Cey- on and Straits Settlements. Brit- in got a new industry. 1906: Brazil, controlling 90 per j r i a cent of world supply, ran price e up, further stimulated planting ir the East. r 1910: Second Brazilian pool rar e prices to $3.06 per lb. and Britisi 1 and Dutch in the East enlarged - production, started a speculativ' plungetthat forced Brazil out ol t the pictu-e. l 1916: Goodyear, fighting mono- poly, started its own plantations; now controls vast areas in sev- eral countries. 1941 is another date that now can be added for Japan soon cap. tured main world supplies anc Goodyear scientists turned in. stantly to develop synthetic pro- ducts. Since cotton is complementary to rubber in fabricating usefu] products, Goodyear also develop- ed cotton plantations. Since the Goodyear company was formed in 1898 down to the general advent of the motor car in 1910, its story was one of dy- namic preparation for a great destiny, an era of expansion that now finds its organization gird- ling the globe. Expansion in Canada This inevitable expansion found outlet in Canada, when in 1910 the Company acquired by pur- chase the plant and goodwill of the Durham Rubber Company at Bowmanville. Since th.en, Bew- manville workmen have shared in making products now found in every country in the world, Goodyear products that stand second to none in fabrication and wearing qualities. The association has been mu- tual. Bowmanville has been bene- ited throug oa sustaining, great industry. Goodyear has benefit- ed through a loyal staff in office and factory, men and, women traiied in their respective tasks, who now join in celebrating the 35th anniversary of Goodyear in Bowmanville. BOTTLES FROM RUBBER Bottles were among the first products to be made from rubber. A company in the United States started to make them in 1832, but gave up when it was found that the rubber hardened like armor plate in winter, softened and fell apart in summer. TIRES A PUBLIC NUISANCE The first American solid rub- ber tires were made in 1856, and refused to stay on their rims. The manufacturing company stopped making them after police warn- ed officiais that then oose tires constituted a public nuisance. SURGEON BUILDS FIRST TIRE A veterinary surgeon built the first practical pneumatic tire in the year 1888. His nane was John Boyd Dunlop, and he lived in Belfast, Ireland. Fabrie for the tire was woven from pure Ir- ish linen thread. GOODYEAR-BOWMANVILLE - IN THE 'GOOD OLD DAYS' CANADIAN VICE-PRESIDENT PRESIDENT OF GOODYEAR ,Il m i wý' ý, r w -11 Goodyear employees made a magnificent record in the war- timenBlood Donor's Clinic. Sev- eral gave over 15 individual do- nations. Ross McKnight, DCM, is back at Goodyear after fighting Wops, Huns, and other crawling things. He is almost due for his- 10-year pin; 5 years at Goodyear, 5 years overseas. You ask about Goodyear em- ployes in Victory Bond drives? They went over the top in record time in every loan and won the Victory Flag twice. Goodyear men and women have always taken part in local sports. Their 1917 baseball team licked ail opponents, including McLaughlin's, Oshawa and Tor- onto teams as well. The battery, Beath and Jones. Remember? UPAIRADEOf SONG CKEY 580 8 p.m. CJBC 1010 8p.m. R. C. Berkinshaw Goodyear's Bowmanville pay- roll0now amounts to more than $ 1,200,000 annually, it was an- nounced today by R. C. Berkin- shaw, Vice-President and General Manager of the Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company of Canada, Ltd. The payroll, paid to more than 700 Bowmanville citizens employ- ed by the company, is distributed in cash each week. This sum of money contributes greatiy to the prosperity o! Bowmanville and district. Mr. Berkinshaw will continue to handie the duties of general manager and treasurer, although he was recently appointed to the new position of vice-president and has also been made a direc- tom of the company. Referredcto as the "Czar of Ca- nadian Industry" during the early years of World War II, Mr. Berk- inshaw was on loan to the De- partment of Munitions and Sup- ply, where he served successively as Director General of the War Industries Control Board and President of the Polymer Cor- poration, the Crown Company charged with developing Cana- da's synthetic rubber supply. As President of Polymer, Mr. Berkinshaw had the responsibil- ity of administering Canada's $60,000,000 synthetic rubber pro- gram--without which the Do- minion could not have continued to produce the many necessary rubber products which helped bring Victory to the United ,Na- tions. ACCIDENT PREVENTION MAJOR GOODYEAR CONCERN The fashioning of new ma- chines, conveyor systems and all the intricate aids to mod- ern factory production has been accompanied with the unceasing efforts of the Good- year Company and its em- ployees to make these things as fool-proof as possible. No matter how well protected with shields and tripping de- vices, there always will be ac- cidents for the human factor is at all times involved. Constant improvement and vigilance at Goodyear-Bow- manville has succeeded in keep- ing serious accidents at a min- imum. Suggested improve- ments by employees have played a great part in this safe- ty campai n. One of the great innovatiofs was establishment of the plant hospital. Today even a minor scratch gets in- stant attention for there is al- ways danger of infection. The record of safety at the local plant is one that compares fav- orably with other Canadian industries. Through the Goodyear Sug- gestion Department and also through the combined consul- tations of'management and the employees Union, the most mo- dern safety precautions have been worked out to mutual advantage. GOODYEAR CONTINUES EXPANSION An extension to the belt-room at Goodyear, now nearing com- pletion, will add a total of 12,000 square feet to the factory's over- all floor space, it has been an- nounced by E. W. Crawford, Goodyear Mechanical Engineer. The additional area will make th'e Goodyear belt-room one of Canada's largest-if not the larg- est-room for the manufacture of conveyor and power transmis- sion belting. When completed, the department will be 280 feet long and 60 feet wide on two floors. An outstanding feature of the new building is its set of high level mercury-vapor lamps, which flood the working area with day- light . brilliance. This new illu- minating system, the first of its kind to be used for this purpose, is being installed to lessen eye- strain and make the job easier for employees. On steel tracks high above the main floor of the room a 15-ton travelling crane will run the full length o! the beit department. The completed structurewi enable Goodyear to build bigger belts than have ever been manufac- tured here. Since 1910, when the total fioor area o! the company amounted to 45,000 square feet, Goodyear has added many new buildings. Today the total floor space of all buildings at the factory is 242,000-almost a quarter of a million square feet. This mod- ern factory space of more than five acres places Bowmanville among leading industrial towns in the province. Wingfoot Clan, the Goodyear plant newspaper, has featured letters from soldiers all through the war. Now they are coming home to resume their jobs in fac- tory and offices. Just some o! tbe decorations won in battie by Goodyear boys. Major Joe O'Neill, 1914-18, Mil- itary Cross, received direct from King George. Sgt. Major Art Kil- patrick, 1914-18, the DCM and Croix de Guerre. CSM. Ross Mc- Knight, DCM, 1939-45. There are others too who will be men- tioned later. Dave Morrison is Goodyear's chief chemist at Bowmanville. Graduate of Toronto University, Dave is an accomplished pianist, a Rotarian and holds Goodyear's 30-year pin. He married a Bow- manville girl. They are both graduates of Bowmanville High School from which so many em- ployees go directly to Goodfear. ployees go directly to Good~eam. 1945 Goodyear has meant much to Bowmanville during the past 35 years and we would like to record our thanks and extend our congratulations on the oc- casion of the celebration of their 35th ANNIVERSARy Marr's Jewellery Bowmanville PAGE TWO E. J. Thomas Today, Edwin J. Thomas is President of the world-wide Goodyear organization which em- ploys scores of thousands of peo- ple in most countries of the world. His personal story is a romance of modern industry. In 1916 Thomas started as a stenograph- er inthe Goodyear laboratory in his native town of Akron, Ohio, two months before graduation from High School. The dynamic President of Goodyear, Paul W. Litchfield, the master mind of Goodyear, was looking'for talent to succeed him. He was not concerned with col- lege degrees. He wanted promis- ing talent. He chose Eddy Tho- mas. And, with that prescient choice, Mr. Litchfield retired to become Chairman of the Board of Goodyear. Mr. Thomas from that day to this has continued as the direct- ing force of world-wide Good- year, which includes all the Can- adian organization and produc- tion, including the plant at Bow- manville. The story is one to in- spire students of the local High Sehool whose graduates in in- creasing numbers, take employ- ment with Goodyear-Bowman- ville. Goodyear employees Recrea- tion Club plays Santa Claus to children every Christmas. The number given a concert and pre- sents last Christmas was 550. Bowmanville declares "hats off" to C. H. Carlisle when he comes to take part in Goodyear's 35th Anniversary. He was the man who came from Akron to open Goodyear - Bowmanville in 1910. and to drive forward until the, town had modern waterworks, sewage disposal, and to build 50 new homes on Carlisle Avenue. Goodyear has a Suggestion Committee that deals with im- provements in operation of plant and offices. Each month the Company pays cash awards for suggestions adopted. The aver- age runs between 15 and 20 per month. This modern idea bene- fits both and is a splendid impe- tus. $ J- 4 1 ý ,rTiTTRqT'IAV NOV. lst. 1945 I -1910 .