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- .'.. THE CANADIAN STATESMAN, BOWMANVILLE, ONTARIO ?HURDAYTEE.1?UleuN More Vigilance Needed Among Civic Representatives Seldom has more surprise and reuentment been expressed among town and district rate- payera than in the letters and telephono colis received at The Statesmon office the past week after publication of news reports covering pro- ceedings in both the Bowmanville and Darlington Councils. The reports were carefully and ob- jectively presented as matters of public inform- ation. In one case no action was taken on a motion to cut down civic expenses. In the other it was disclosed that a vastly inequitable deal hod been apparently lmposed upon a neighbor- ing rural municipality. The focts were set forth and need flot be repeated here for they are stili, being discussed amnong the taxpayers. Since these 'discosures were mode known we have been supplied with still another amaz- ing occurrence. It has to do with the construction of the Jackman bridge iast foul. It will be recaîl- ed that the controct for this bridge at $6,000 wos pushed throuqh in Bowmanville Council, with- out tenders being called, following a party in a local hotel. The deal was opposed by two junior members but it went through and the money wos paid over in full. It hos since been learned by twe new members of County Council from this district that if arrangements had been mode to render the $6,000 account as it should have been rendered, the town could have secured a rebate of 50 percent. Our informants leave ratepayeru with no other conclusion thon that $3,000 wos deliberately thrown awoy. This would more thon cover the salar of the new recreational director whose oppointment wos opposed by the proponent of the bridge deal. These points are raised to emphosize that more vigilance in needed among municipal representatives. The same goos for the electorate when annuol elec- fions come around. Senate Reform Carried Out By Ottawa Liberal Regime One of the promises frequently mode by Mackenzie King, both in office and in opposition, was reform of the Canadian Senate. Thot pro- mise hos been faithfuliy corried out in the manner he evidently hod in mind, that is to filail vacancies with Liberal Party adherents. When he retired his idea of senate reformn had been carried to the point that only 15 Senators of Conservative persuasion remained in the 96- member upper chamber. It hou now been shown thot his successor, Prime Minister St. Laurent, hou token over the King legacy and hou ap- pointed three more Liberals to sonate vaconcies. Advocates of complete abolition of the Sen- aite are thus furnished with strong argument for their views. For a politically packed Sonate con constitutionally veto any meosures, save finan- cial votes, of any other party gaining power. But It should be pointed out that this custom of Senate appointments hou been common to both old-line parties since Confederation. 0f courue the Senate as presently packed, lu not the polit- Ical ogre some people picture. The Senate de- botes show that very often Liberol Senotors are the most severe critics of the very regime that appointed them. Ahl high-minded mon have a strong sense of independence. In looking over the composition of the pre- sent Senate with their names and addresseu shown in the Sonate Hansard we find a more serious objection in its setup. The roter shows 82 present members and 14 vacancies. Of the 82 there are 60 listed as city residents and only 22 from rural districts. We suggest that this setup is flot utisfoctory to the generol publie. We should have more senotors living close to the land and future appointments should be more diversified as to occupations. Probably the bout way to deal with future appoiiýtments would be to set up on independent commission to mako recommendations. It would do much te removo the objections heard thot the Senoto is o useless appendage. Roaderu of the Sonate Hansard re- cognize the importance of mintaining the Son- ate as a very important port of the Canadian Parliament. Key to Higher Wages Presented by R. . Deachman Etabllehod 1854 with iwbich in lncorporated The Eowm=vilfl. News, The Nwcastle Ind*Pendeat and The. Orono Nws ý94 Years' Coninuous Service to the Town of Bowmanville and Durham County Authorlzed as Second Case Mail. Post Office D.partment, Ottawa AN INDEPENDENT NEWSPAPER persista that business iu making uuch largo profits that, if pricos were pushed dewn much beiow their presont evel, business institutions could take the oss, without culting wages, but that is definitely net truc, as all statistics go te prove. In any case. what Mr. Bengough soya shows a very prcmising develcpment - a realizalion on the part of labour that bankrupt business connot exist with well-païd workers. There is ne clash cf intereul between con- sumers, employons and workers. They ail wanî the sanie thing - goed imes. None of theni con bave good tumes unies. the others have good imes aluo. The great object cf seciety in le raise wages and lower prices aI the sanie, tume, that cannaI be occemplished excopt by ne- wordinq the people whose invesîment in provid- ing lacis for production is the cniy means cf raising wages and lowering xpices aI the sanie time. A Butter Shortage Member Audit Bureau ai Circulation& canadian Weekly Newspapers Association e SUESCRIPTION RATES $2.50 o Year, strictiy in advonce $3.00 a Year in the United States publlshed by THE JAMES PUBLISHING COMPANY Bowmanville, Ontario GEO. W. JAMES, Editer <*> 1 Saturday Eveninq Pent, July 24, 1948, under Uic ttle: 'How Much Are Workers Worth?" It de- declared that the Lincoln Electrlc Co. of Cleve- land, Ohie, which has a branch at Leaide, Ont., han paid machinluts as hlgh as $9,000 per year. It was explained that this was mode possible through an "incentive" system. whelly co-eper- otive, which se increased production that bolh more leisure and higher pay was the direct result. The other high dividend wos the self- respect engendered in this proceus. Spoaking in the Nortbern Vocational School, Toronto, J. F. Lincoln, President of the Company, naid: "I wont te moke it very definite that the only woy such incomes con b. paid in by pro- duction which justifies the paymont. Since the employees embraced this idea they have in- creased output by four tumes that of others doinq the sanie thing, and over the paut 15 yearu our product price bas been cut more thon 50 percent while prices generolly have increased by more thon 25 percent. Our wago payments have in- creased more thon 4 tirnes while ethens have only about doubled." Earning $9,000 au o factory employee hou net beon accomponied by o moua line-speedup and workers have more leisure thon ever. Hi, Stan! Your Blackjack'sShowing 1 Stanley Knowlos, C.C.F. member for Winni- peg, o few days ago placed on the order paper of the House of Cemmons a series of questions relating te advertising by tho chartered bonks. These questions deliberately link advertiuing to the provisions of the Income Tax Act in sucb a way that only one interprotatien lu possible: This Socialist who speaku for the C.C.F. is trying to blackjack - or politically blackmail - the banku mrite silence while the C.C.F. seeku te seli tho public on nationolizing theni., Somehow. we don't think the C.C.F. will succeed. The banks. being politically attacked by the C.C.F. and the object cf the final plank in the first-term platferm of the porty, for years have been carrying their story te the people cf Canada in their onnual reports te sharoholdenu and in advertisements. It lu an honeut present- ation of o sound case and is whelly in lino wîth the democrotic proceus. The Knowles questions peint up one under- lying pinciple of socialist tetolitarian philosophy, that the C.C.F. lu free te attack but nobody must reply or the whole weight cf the stato, and porticularly the tax-collector, will be used to gag, crush and intimidote. This threat is net a tbreat against the banku alone, it is a threat agoinut institutional adver- tising by any business intereut whotsoever, as may be seen froni the government'u roply te the Knowles questions. All corporations, it states, net merely banku, are free te deduct froni gnous revenue all reduonable operating expenses be- fore oriving at net taxable income. Advortising is considered a reasenable operating oxpense, one of the ordinary cots of doing business. The 194ý Canadian Almanac Includes Newf oundland In anticipation cf the entry of Newfoundland às the lth Canadian province, the 1949 issue of the Canadian Almanac and Directory, lists aIl the essential factu and figures. of this new national territory for the information of people who wish te be up-to-date on every phase of the developing story of Canada. As usual tho Canadian Almanac cevers the whole range of Canoda's growth and resources. Gevernments at al evels with names of officials, courts, edu- catienal institutions, taxes and tarif fs, listu of raiiways, steamship linos. Post Offices, and hundredu of other things are indexed fer instant reference. This is the lO2nd year that the Canadian Aimanac hou been published. The 1949 issue is the largest and meut comprehensive ever issued. Every item in its 850 pages iuse concisely avaibable that any question about Canada con be anuwered in a motter of moments. The volume is indispensable te anyone wishing te be well informed. Fer a private library, for offices and schools, ils handuome red buckram binding, letlered in gold leof, lu os attractive as its contents are useful. We suggest that orders be placed promptly for the limited supply printed. Simply write the publisheru, Copp Clark Ce., Toronto 2B, Ont., for your copy at 'TAKEN TO T4E CLEPANER5 \~-t~ - .Rewritten froni previeus copyrights cf Optometrisi Disney Bid1. <Opp. P.O.) Oshawa, Phono 1516 In the prccuring of an educa- tien it is te be expected that the eyes play their part and this shauld be done in a manner nat- ural te the comfcrt of the person seeing. So natural should this be that it might be said that you wauld net know you had eyes.* What are some cf the th.,ings te interfere? It seems almost the natural. thing to mention first cf ahl, diseaso, yet disease only touches a very small percentage of cases, the greatest interference ta vision is found in the use cf the; eyes and tht-jr expesure te things net the best fer them. (Copyrighted) ATTENTION HOMMWIES! Bonded Singer Representative wili be ln Bowmanvllle and District every Thursday. For information regarding repairs, rentaIs, sewlng courses, electric and treadie machines. Phone or Write Singer Sewing Machine Co. 47 Waiton St. Phone 1015w Port Hope, Ont. Officiai reports show a cenaiderably amaller stock of butter at present thon a yoor ago, just before the. acute shortage - which everyone re- meniberu. This is despite the fact that the Gov- ernment has imported a considerable amount of butter, which really should have been shipped te Britain and Europe. Margarine is now legal in Canada but there ia not much around, chiefly because it in dif- ficuit to get eno.ugh vegetable ous with which te make it. It will help te relieve the shortago, but flot to any groat extent. The shortago, of course, does flot result from there being teo little milk produced in Canada te provide the people with what dairy products they require. It comes from the fact that the Governiment of Canada, in its wisdom, hau decidod that se much cheese must be sent te Britain every year. In ordor to bring this about, the price of cheese iu set at a figure which leads many formers to arrange to have their milk converted into cheese instead of but- ter. The price of butter, of courue, is held under a ceiling.0 It is as certain as possible that, were the Government te take off the cqiling price on but- ter, the price of butter would nuse just a little - enough te divert sufficient milk from cheese into butter te uatiufy the demand. Or, the Government could stop guorantee- ing the price for cheese for export, in which case it is ou certain as possible that the price of cheese would foul a little, and milk be diverted into making butter. Government planning of production and commerce con oniy be justified if it is for exactly this purpose of producing shortages. Lef t alone, tho public will produce .and consume the things which they want. It is only when the Govern- ment undertakes te decide what the public wîll produce and consume that shortages evor occur. What Sort of Houses ? New York City has o public housing author- ity, which is supposed to build houses to rent cheaply to the lower paid workors. The housing authority is now building houses at an average cost of $12,500. If those houses are going te rent te those workers cheaply it is going te be at the expenso of the taxpayers. Thot brings up the question of how it is te b. decided what standard of housing is te be provided ot public expense. As long as people build houses for them- selves, or te rent te others, the standard of housing will be fixed by a compromise between the people who build the houses and those who buy or rent them. If building labour is te get high wages,*thon people will pay high rentaIs for housing, or have te accept lewer standard of accommodation. When a public authonity gets into building housing te be rented at seme pre-determined figure, thon the question of the standard of housing is going te become a strictly political one. The New York City housing authority now runs into another trouble. Housos costing $12,- POO apiece are pretty good. Thetare somewhat botter thon the bouses in which n-test of the fully omployed workers in New York now live. They are quite attractive te people whe cannot, by any stretch of theimagination, be regarded as lower paid workers. The result is that the New York Citv hous- ing authority hou announced that it will net rent subsidlzed housing te anyone with an incoe of $4,500 a year or more. The Supreme Court of New York State hou decided that the housing authority cannot make this rule. How is it going te be decided who qualifies for cheap subsidized housing? Now that there is a great demand for subsidized buaing on a big scale in Canada, it might b. o good thing if r 1th. people who want this sort of thinq would expiain these two points - how te decide what standard of housing in te b. bult, and how te decide who will occupy the subsidized housing. "Farm Forests"' Could Be Made ta Pay Dividends 1 The little "fanm foreuts" scottered through- eut the eider- farminq area of Ontario could be mode te pay dividends for their ewners, accord- ing te Robson Black, President of the Canadian Forostry Association. But these "patches of 10 te 50 acres of trees" need doctoring and wiser t manipulation. 1 In a recent address he pointed eut that the t more thon 2,000,000 acres i4~ Ontario covered 5 by "the multitude cf little forests" beionged te tree-creps and to nothing elue in nature's e repertoiro. They were what was ef t over when the farmer'u plow turned its but useful furrew. rEoch ind.ividual foreut centained the gern of a money-maker for the ewner, and a grand on- dowment for the province ot large - a grand endowment au o very great help in keeping soil and woter and trees in the right positions and proportions. "The pulse of these farma forostis lu 20 under normal, with a goneral hardening of the arteries," Mr. Black cloimed. "They need dec- tering and expert manipulation. And that can't come f rom planting cartfuls of seedling trees. The trees will do their own replanting automat- ically, and they'li renew and enrich themseives by two simple measures. Keep livestock on the other sido of the fence; do your cutting on a forester's odvice or by o rational plan that anyone con get froni his regional forestry office." Editorial Brief s Speaking in the House of Commons, Feb. 3, Rev. Dan Mclvor, MP, Fort William, urged that the Dept. of Education, Toronto, should place in every school a copy of the book "Harvest Tnium- phant" the great epic of the Massey-Harriu Company and Canadian pregrous, written by Merrili Denison. This Liberal MP advocates preciseiy what The Statesman said in its review of this greot book. Ministor of Agriculture Gardiner exploined his discredited agricultural policies in a recent speech in Globe United Church, Ottawa, by ob- serving that "We must store up during our 7 fat years for our 7 bean years for there are dif- ficulties ahead for Canadian agriculture." Local farmers waiting for commercial crop contractu can quite appreciote Mr. Gardiner's church oration. Lot us ail, os individuals, through know- ledge, faith and enthusiasm, work for the things 1 in which we believe - the idealu which wiii on- able our country te contribute te world progres through wise leadership - remembering that our effort, added te the efforts of many other in- dividuals, like the light of many candies, will oct au a guide-post on the road te world peace. The C.C.F. Socialist Government of Sask- atchewan hou announced a raiso in rates for telephones on grounds that funds are needed for bettenments. The Sask. telephone systen was carried on as a "socialized" govornment project by both old parties before the C.C.F. wos ever heard of. At the sanie tume the C.C.F. stands opposed te railwoy rate roises for "botter- monts" and new capital for the Bell Telephone Ce. te increaise its services, and try te avoid raising rates. From Grandad te Grandson, the tradition of saving, and otherwise dealing with The Canadian Bank of Commerce bas been handed down in many familles. From 1867, when the Bank was founded, the value of "COMMERCE SERVICE" bas been recog- nized by succeeding genera- tions. Good service is a tradition of this Bank. Your family, tee, will appre- ciate the courteous and efficient service which is avail- able at over 500 branches of this Bank. THE CAAIAN BANK OF COMMERCE BOWMANVILLE BRANCH NEWCASTLE BRANCH ORONO BRANCH « R. L. Mitchel Manager J. C. Porter. Manager J. Blu.e, Manager 1' ~±FATHER JUDOEO PIRST.RATE S4NCE '88 Yes, Old Chum is a great faiveurtftt * with fathers end sens olike ..b.- couse there's ne other tobacce ut like Old Chum for day-In, day-ce smoking I Slow-bu rning ..-wlth e fresh, cool flaveur eti ts own. Try a *= ~"~ package beforeaonother dayslips by. - Mon who 1k. a Iobacce Ibaf' elways good... OLD (HUM CU CARE ORPIE -CcTFIF Of OLINYaR W - ~ ~.. h~~- - - - ~ -. ------------ PAGE TWO, Commerce - Dr. Williams Elected President of York Historical Society Dr. L. B. Williams, Toronto, a former President cf the Dur- ham Ccunty Club, was elected tho new President cf York Pion- eer and Historical Society (Tor- ente and Yôrk Cc,) at its annÙal meeting last week. This is the oldest Society of its kind in Can- ada, organized 1869. In the early days cf croating Counties in Up- per Canada, Durham and York wero 13 and 14, respectivel:v. 0f sixteeni Presidents, Dr. Williams is the second te be cf Durham County enigin, the other being the late Dr. James L. Hughes. The Doctor in his Presidential re- a family tradition marks, stressed t 'he great respon- sibility- this Society mus assume YOUR EYES and to-dy t kep sep ithToron- to's prestige and command in %orld affairs. .'e Vision JOHN DIEFENBAKER Progressive Conservative Party wiII sp.ak Thursday -Nigk t FEB. 24"' ON THE SUBJECT "The 'Nation's Business" C. B. L. - 7:45 p.m. (E.S.T.) Progressive Conservativ. Party, 11-91 ST. PAUL'S C.G.I.T. St. Paul's C.G.I.T. met in the Primary Rccm on Feb. 2. Meet- ing on Feb. 9 was a s kat in g party. Jeannie Bond had charge cf the 3rd chapter of the. study book and Isobel Cruickshank gave the 4th chapter. Joyce Pur- dy was in charge cf the Wcrship Service. Kathleen Yec read the Cali te Worship which was fol- lcwed by a poemi by Ruth Rom- bough. Betty Carruthers closed with a prayer.