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--------, ~ C~d.. ~ m~JTHURSDAY, JULyo Bth, 194 PAGE TWO Success of Farm Operations Factor in Fali Business July and August, os a rule, land more heavily on the honda cf the businessman than any ather period cf the year. It lu the holiday season, and mony residents of the tewn and clty are betaking themselves te resorts in searcli cf'rest ond recreation. Schools and colleges are closed, and these count a good deal in business activities. On the. other hand, midaummer la the busy seasan fer the former, and for that very reaison w. meet hum less frequently on the streets and in the. shopa thon at any other perioda cf the year. Much cf the trade conditions cf the tewna and cities however, loter on depend an the suc- cesor failure which attends lis opeatiens now. Tiie business mon, therefore, whether merchant or manufacturer, is interested in his wefare. As in the case cf tiie former, the summer in normal times la the busy seatson, toc, for the builder. Tii. fact that moe building lu in pros- pect ond the building trades are being kept buay, speaka well for the confidence ou r people have in the good tauriat business ccmmunity's future. Industriai activity, o fair harvest, andc busy season for the. building trades ahould combine te make for a aatisfactary mercantile trade when the sumnmer vacation is over and the fali rush begins. a Id le ýd Price Control at this Late Stage Over the past two decades, or se, the world lias don. a lot cf tinkering with price controls. Sometimes. this seemed te b. effective, mont cf the time it did flot, especially in the prg-war era. Durlng the war, mont people ciree, price contrais had certain benefits but te dlaim that this method cf approaching an extra-erdinary problem was entirely efficacieus would be te ignore the facto. Now, bath the United States and, Canada have carne a long way in the motter cf decon- tiol aithough both counitries hdïv 'hctngoveio.' The avoweclCanadian policy, at leost, is te qet rld cf ail controls as speedily as pesoi,CI.ai thougli there has been net a little vacillation on tii. part cf officialdom. .As a motter of fact, the lister7 of price central efforts and attempta in practically the histery cf the human race. In ali these, there la net a single record of a complateiy success- tul experiment, clouma the Montreai Gazette. . What is disturbing now in te find the United Kingdom advocating world price, reins as an omergency action. It lu nothing more nor lous than something te be expected cf an adminis- tration heavily permeated with socialist theor- les. In the light cf coid reasoning, hewever, It seams nothing more nor less than nonsense ta assume this would sciv. anything. Ini the first place, who weuld determine whot price. should be? In the second, asuuming an a~greement could b. reached by major pewers economically, how could dissenter nations b. compelled te accept a mojority opinion. . Perhaps the mont disturbing aspect cf the British proposai now la in the revelation cf the wide gap in thinking cf government leadership la the severai notions. It appears te show very clearly that accord on major peints la et111 a long way from attainiment. .Canadians, generaily, cannot be happy about that. We net oniy want.- te but it la logicai and expedient that we shouhd and must trade wlth the British. But how? On their basis o r ours? Certainiy, a way can and should be fouxid te get together, a way that won't kribi incentive and reduce international trode te ac mer. mockery cf what it should be.- More Municipal Forestry Needed Municipal forestry han pcd handsome div- Idends in Europe both in wood crops and through indirect bekiefits such as water-table control. Although the ide« in a nt new i Canada (Ontario pcssed the Counties Reforestation Act in 1911), it has been slow te take hold, and there are only signa now that it is really cern- ing into its cwn. Two more cou-ity foreats were recently opened in Eastern Ontario wlth great fanfare, Quebec now has three or four (the town of Knowlton in the Eastern Townships is the latest te take the plunge), and the prairies are showing an interest in the plan evidenced by the establishmnent cf a 25-acre tewn foresi at Moose Jaw, Sask. Woodland World would like te see munici- pal f orestry break eut in a rash riglit acrosa the country. Have it broadened te include citiez and tewns in addition te rural commnites. Apart frcm the financlal gains (eventually wood crops should help to lighten tax burdens; thin- rnqs.L in nmorn f tie older Ontatrio municipal foresta are new yieldlng return.s in pit-prop and pulpwood sales), probably the. greatest benefit ia the widespread interest stirred up ini forestry. Everybcdy can take a hand In a real commun. lty foreat. Bey Scouts and Girl Guides can planmt trees. Field darys can b. heid. Zone for- msters can get cacrou nme qood abject lesons tha[t should go a long wary in impraving forestry peactices on ptivatte banda. -Woodlaad World The Old Custom of Early Houi Stiil Stands Good witb wblcb la Ncozpoeated M» BowmanviLU. H.ws. The Nwcastle tnd.peadmut and The oo tNews 94 Yeara' Contunuous Service te the Town of Bowmanvifl. and Duham County Authorz.d am Second Cla»a MaiL, Pont Office Department. Ottawa AN~ INDEPENDENT NEWSPAPER mombe: G Audit fBueau et Circulaticas Canadlan 4 Weekly N.w&pap.zs 0 Association SUBSORIPTION RATES $2.50 a Yaar, strictly in advancb $3.00 a Yeoe.in the United Startes PublisIid by THE JAMES PUBLISHING COMPANY Bowmanvilla, Ontaio GEO. W. IAMES, Edito: Those who believe in socialism must have had their failli badly shaken by the movin< speech of renunciation made by Baron Milverton of Lagos in taking leave of the British Labor Party because cf its decision to nationalize the steel industry. This indictment by a man who had been a convinced socialist tells the story more clearly than anything else could do. "I was born free," Lord Milverton explained, "and spent the bulk of my if e teaching what freedoma means to somewhat reluctant pupils ir backward countries. 1 arn very loath, at my tirne cf life (64), to reverse this process and endeavor to seil the advantages cf slavery tc people who were once free. "When I joined the labor party 1 thought 1 was taking part in a crusade. I found myseli a follower in a'rake's prcgress. "Perhaps it is because my ewn experience in administration has shown me how unrestrict- ed bureaucracy can strangle enterprise thatI feel nmre doubte about widening the circles cf gevernment controls. "The road on which we are travelling leads te a precipice at the foot of which clearly emerges the totalitarian state. "I wilI net betray the principles cf fredorn which have made this country great, nor will I help forge a weapon which in later and les worthy handa znay strike those principles dead." This is the case against socialisrn in Great Britain, Canada or anywhere else. And it is a socialist who makes it. Power of Advertising (Editor and Publisher) 1 Manufacturers and local merchants have exhibited an increasing awareness cf the power cf newspaper advertising in the last three years. But f ew cf them realize how potent this medium really in until they are forced te operate with- out it. Early this year a 28-day pressmen's strike closed down both newspapers in Portland, Oregon. A survey just completed by the Port. land Retail Trade Bureau revealed this effect on business: "Eighty per cent of the stores stated traffic was down during the strike; 72 per cent f elt a dedline in business; 83 per cent cf them substituted other means cf advertising and pub. licity. 70 per cent cf them said they would net continue the substitute methoda." In ether words, newspaper advertising in vital te the business if e cf the community. It ln vital te the individual stores that use it, for without newspaper advertising their store traffic falla off and hteir sales decline. Isn't it marvollous how the ladies who talk se mucli accomplish se mucli more than the strong, silent men? In 1937, the total number cf copies per week cf weekly newspapers published was 1,850,0S0. Last year the figure was 3,540,000, or almnoat double. It's interesting te note that in 1947 the aggregate daily circulation cf Canadian dailies was only 3,160,000. Nacessity cf teaching the buying public that advertising "dons net Increase coat cf the thin4s they buy" in being stressed by advertislng mon, tates Hardware and Metal. They peint eut that wlthout the power cf advertising, "moat things weuld cost more or net b. available at aIl." A prefabricated lieuse cf five rona, costing $4,000 ha, been erected in seven heurs by a forgman and seven nmen in the Britishi zone of Germany. Perhaps we should have CMHC of- ficiaIs pay a visit te Gerrnany and find eut how things are don* remnarks The Chesley Enterprie.. The Dividends of Labouri I. A. M. Shaw, Director of Mar- keting in the Departrnent of Ag- riculture, has been appointed te succeed J. G. Taggart as chairman cf the Agricutural Pnices Sup- pcrt Board. Mn. Taggant is ncw Deputy Ministen o! Agriculture. Native cf Wcodburn, Ontario, and former Dean cf Agriculture in the University of Saskatchewan, Mn. Shaw senved on several war boards and was Chairman o! the Agnicultunal Supplies Board and Special Producta Board. Ho is a member of the Wartlme Prices and Trade Board. Lif e Insurance Co. A Large Cooperative A hife insurance company is reaily a large cooperative which pools the small savings of thous- ands of individuals and keeps them safely invested over a long period cf years. A life insurance company does just three things: It collects premiums from its policyholders through its 'field representatives and its collection offices; It invests these funds under strict Government supervision at the highest rate cf interest consis- tent with safety. It pays the money back in accordance with the terms cf its policies, >either to the pollcy- holders or te their dependents. Tt requires a great deal cf bold- ness and caution te make a for- tune, and when you have got it, it requires ten tirnes as much wit te keep it. A mother, wrlting ta a centemporary, ai It ta use Its influence tewards discouragii young people stoying out boten. She soya th nowadays it ia theuglit bad form te atari a par before nine o'clock and that nobody thiin about going home beo re one o'clock at t] earliest. She suggeuts thot it wauld b. better have those functiona begin earlier and clame b foe.midnight. The greateat argument agoinat lot. hou that must appeal te young people who indulc in them la that mony employers are incline net ta emplay anybody who in known te I staying up lot.. Experience shows that ga< rest lu essentiai te goad work. The aid custom. cf eariy houri wa, oa our one. Ail that la required ta change prose: custom lu a little moral backbane an the pa cf some of the beys and girls. AU paren favar reaocnable hours. 1 .rs bat t Jas the lm be id ent 'ta C ertainty. To deal adequately with estate problems nowa- days an executor must bc experienced and well asnfore. When you coose nthsrcs opa as ouo raex enr, you obtan heericenft group of trin iemenceaized on aeane basis.ntis this perman ee whic e nesh Tonto GenealmTrs to eepin cninu etch ndit ai tersff fectdinistratinaa estaties and taie ffcisuetadinihstra ofa ail ptie.Yochane surte i ese yodas o foerpthe choane throthetateofyou leave forl bhcpomfrt akn prectoof. iv your ml inquiries. TORONTO GENERAL TRUSTS Head Office: 353 Bay Street, Toronto ADMT~ I'STERTNG ASSETS 0F $300.000.000 - i POWER OFF Sunday, July 31, '49 FROM 5 A.M. to 7 AMu (WEATHER PERMITTING) In order to safely complete essential work already started on your power limes it will be necssary to in. terrupt your Hydro Service as above timne stated. We regret this temporary inconvenience and re. queàt you- co-oôpération.Y Dowmanville Public Utîlities Commission I s i r i i r Mooching (By R. J. Deachman> Strange isn't it? We hear a great deal these days about the divi- denda paid by capital te those who inveat their meney in industry but not a word about the dividends paid by capital te labor-nota word, net a whisper. Turn bac] thie pages cf history, ene ,by one, Pause for amernent at 1890, al- most 60 yeans ago. Eannings per wonker in that yean amounted 4< $272. That was the ameunt cf moncy which the worker received for converting the naw matenials of industry into finished products. What was the total' preductior per worker in that year? The an- swer is $1,M7. If you divide that sum into $272 ycu will sco that each worken received 21.4% cf the.product pnoduced. What percentage did he receive mn 1945, the year the war ended? The answen te that one is 22.37%. "What", You will say, "is thal true, did oun workers neceive less than 1 %7 more cf the product they produced in 1945 than they ne- ceived in 1890"? Pause for a rmoment-let your ire fade. In 1890 production per worker was $1,271, in 1945 it was $7,371. Now 21.4 o! $1,271 is $272 and 22.37%of $7,371 is $1,649. Ca- pital previded the machines by which labor increased itî product- icon froffi $1,271 to $7,311 and even paid a slightly higiier percentage on the langer sum. But that's net aIl: in 1890 labor worked much longer hours and in bass pleasant ,conditionýs. That toc is a part cf ithe dividend capital paid te labor in 1945. Let's sec how this wcnked Total salaries and wages in 1890, amounted to $100,415,350, in 1945 te $1,845,773 449. The increase cf 1945 over 1890 was* $1,745,358,099. It would be fair I think to put it this way: By previding machines which enabled the workers te produce more and therefere earn more capital, in effect, paid ta labor a very substantial dividend. Even that does net tell the whcle story. Labor is employed, net only in manufacturing, but in many other lines, these toc give employ- ment te labor. Industry, in 1945, used $4,254,000,000 more raw ma- teniais than it did in 1890, that means cf course more employment for labor. lnstead cf getting 21.4 % cf the product prcduced he now gets 22.37%,', that is the worker ncw takes almcst 1 % more cf the product than he did in 1890. But rernember he is preducing now fan more than he did before and 22.37% cf $7,371 is much morej than 21.4% eof $1,271. Se the work- der drew down $1,649 in the year 1945, the last year of the war, in- stead ef $272, as he did in 1890. Now let us see whene the increase1 carne from. We can show it more1 clearly by putting it in a separate4 table:1 1)-Earnings in 1890 -- $ 272.001 2)-Gains frorn increase in per- centage paid te the worker 73.00 3)-Earnirgs frorn increased pro- duction........---- --- $l,304.00 Earnings per worker, 1945 $1,649.00 Now rnay I explain these items: 1)-is of course, wages per work- der in 1890, $272. 2)-Represents the increased per- centage going to the worker between 1890 and 1945. C 3)-Shows incneased earnings1 from increased production inr 1945 over 1890. 21.37% of this, godes te the workens, the addedt 1 % is shown in item no. 2. But it might be said that 1945 was a war year. Therefore earn-a ings were highen. That is true, t let us then examine the results L. for 1939-the figures for that yeara were net perceptibly affected by s war. Mere the statement is more b simple. Total production was iý $5,280, labor's share 21.37%, arn- h eunting te, $1,121. Tiiere was ne 9 increase in percentage earned, in fact there was a siight reduction. The entire gain cf $849 oven 1890 was brought about by increased production. Production per man ci was $5,280 for which the werkers t( received 21.371/, an earning of b $1,121 in 1939 in comparison with ad $272 in 1890. aý We see liow what happened in tl Canadian industry frern 1890 te a, 1945. Fingers are no mor«de deft ai ncw than they were ait the dawn ac cf the century. Adam may have w been smarter in the use of bis $1 hands than the average worker cf 4ý today. If there had been ne new is tools and new equipment the. me- demn worker would be producing $1,271 per year and drawiî.g down a wage o! $272. How was this change br:ought about? The moti- vating factor was the profit in- centive te industry. When industny increased the amount cf capital per worker employed the wonker produced more. As ho pnoduced more ho was paid more. With in- creased earnings he bought more. The rate of profit per dollar in- vested was probabIý higher in 1890 than it is today but total vol- ume cf profits is higher just as total volume of wages is higher. The facts show that the "divi- dends" of the workers have been increased tremendously in the period covered by this story. "People grow unden tho bunden o! their responsibility and shrink if the burden is taken away from them." Arthur oestle ter Voice of the People S B h y oeisiter Rtbegsus 2 h 4 ydeiiest-akss tained by Mr. Coldwell's legions in the recent elections might be rnttributed to a number of causes. Optimists might think that it sug- gested a growing public intelli- gence that had drawn some tell- ting conclusions fromn Britain's 1dublous experiment which, has so tobviously faîled te provide a fmiracle or even change the es- sential thinking cf a people. It may be argued, and probably will be, that a satisfied people make few drastic changes, and that iwhere prosperity is definite and Egeneral, chance favors the party in power to retain public confid- ence. It may be that the public followed the thinking cf one voter. He said: "Successful bus- mnesses do net remove managers who, whatever their lesser short- comings, have themselves been generally successful." That, per- haps, is prudent thinking. It rnay be toc that the public xvas satis- [f ed that the existing government had offered aIl the social benefits that any party could safely pro- vide. However one may argue the case, the public has spoken very definitely in favor cf our present1 system for, cornhined, the two major parties, the parties cf free enterprise, represent four-fifths cf the voters. But, while the set- back te the forces of socialisrn has beeni definite and, over the past months, cumulative, it is rnuch toc early te write it off as a threat. Where one eut cf evex'y eight voters cast his ballot for socialism, and another 30,000 vot- ed unhesitatingly for the labor- progressive policies of eutright cemrnunisrn there can be ne thought that we have corne teaa time of truce. Obviously neither socialisrn ner cornmunismn are at their best in periods of general good times. They are the ideologies cf dissat- isfaction and want and diespair. If, fighting in times of well-being, of satisfied people, and steady pregress, conditions whelly ad- verse te the succeasscf their pro- paganda, they can still retain the devotion cf one in seven or eight of the voters, it la ne time for undue optimism. The obvious corollary is that if tirnes were dif- ferent, as It is quite possible they rray be, if people begin te seek plausible remedies for conditions they do net understand, they rnight recover a wide followilig. rhey have lest a battle, but flot a carnpaign. Let us hasten te state bhis before it is stated for us. It is as idle te believe that we will always continue our present scale cf prosperity, as it is to believe that socialism, or its sin- ster elder brother, communisrn, has shot its boit. The only afe- guard is eternal vigilance. ARGENTINE WHEAT The Argentine Ministry cf Agri. culture on June 1 asked growers t increase the wheat acreage new being seeded ta about 17 million acres. This would bring the acre- ge back to the 1940-44 level, al- though stiil net up te the pre-war verages. Last , ear's unofficial acreagre la placed at 13.5 million acres. Growers feel that the price wotild have te be higlier than the 1.86 per bushel set for the 1948 - 19 crop if the increased acreage àta be Obtained. (4~ t ls a ?r )f Is Valuable Collection McLaughlin Papers Ini Queen's Llbrary In oene ef the Overcrowded re- searchi rooms of Queen's Universi- ty, Kingston, can be found a bun- dle of papers that la a price1es treasure in the annais cf Cana- an history. These ragged papers are the oldest.' document in the Queen's Library concern.ing Can- ada and are part of the valuable R. S. McLaughlin Canedian bis- torical collection recently donated te Queen's. The original parcliment dated 1623 was signed by Louis XIII of France with the bulJky wax Royal seal tied on wiltijute. Hand pnint- ed in old French, thi, document is a pardon granted by the King o! France te one of his Protestant subjects fcr mllitary service. In 1845, Canada receipts and expenditures, as weil as ail her factual reports anid, statistica, could b. contained under caver in 288 pages. Five handwritten copies were made by the chie! clerk each year. Two were sent te the Colon. ial office; one was kept for the Governor's use, one retained by the Council and ane by the Assem- bly, one o! the five copies for the year 1845 is aise part o! the Mc- Laughlin collection. The. last page in the. old Cana- dian account book is sigiied: 11T. Douglas Harrington, Compiler, Blue Bock." It is dated May 9, 1845. Salary of Mr. Harrington is listed as 270 pounds annually. His duties were writteri down as: "Compiler o! the Blue Bock, Ac- countant for contingent expenses of the Public offices, recolver o! the Office Fécs which are paid te him into the public chest and the ssue o! marriage licenses and the engrcssing departments fer bcth sections of the Province are under his charge." A. M. Shaw Heads STÂIKVILLE Mr. and Mrs. D. Shutka, Osha- wa, visited his parents, Mr. and Mrs.. M. Shutka. Little Donna, who ha, been spending holidays, re- turned ta Oshawa wlth themn. Mr. and Mrs. Keith Rowe, Bow- manville, visited Mr. and Mrs. Howard Farrow. Friends from Port Hope visited Mrs. Ralph Beughen, Mrs. Arthur Tubb and Shirley, Oshawa, at Mr. Howard Fer- raw's. Mr. Reg Bolton, Toronto, ia hav- îng holidays in this section. Mr. Arthur McKay visited Mr. and Mrs. Harold Barrcwclough, Wesieyville. Mr. and Mrs. Harold Souch and family visited Mr. and Mrs. W. A. Adams, Newcastle Mr. H Harrington, Toronto, with Mnr.and Mrs. J. Hellowell. Glad to report Jackie Hallow- eli is imprcving after his fall and bas returned frem the hospital. Cellophane was first made In Pm n r1o24 rn TICKETS TO EVERYWHERE Air, Rail or Steamuhlp Consult JURY & LOVELL Bowmanville 15 King St. W. Phone 778 By Joseph Lister Rutledge -1- ADMIX IS TER ING A S S ETS 0 f ô 0 0 go nom, %o sfeuardes iii 1 iIJ* and Associates -ENGINEERS AND CONTRACTORS Plans, specltlcations and building enstrucUeon ESTIMATES FURNISHED 1 A Lesson for Canada Brtain's present grave ecanamic emergency la providing a brilliantly cbear X-ray picture cf what's wrong, net enby with Socialism, but what's wrong with se mucli cf today's thinIring abcut the how of curing the worbd's ibis, asserts The Financiai Pout. Whot we are naw seeing in Britain are the fruits cf a haif.century cf mlusianlzlng fer ca f hobby utepianism and a politicai pandering for votes for which obb parties must share some responsibility. As an illustration, Canadions need remem. ber ne further bock thon aur ewn electiena cf lat month. In thot election, Liberala premised the adoption or extention cf many pelicies which were fathered and mothered by Socialist gospels and practice, and the. Conservatives pramised chiefly te give us more cf these meosures thon the Liberols. Britain's fundomental difficuhty todoy ln, in its simpleat starkest ferm, the unwillingness cf her people te werk hard enough. The Socialista flnd they have been unoble to repeai the laws 1 The Road Leads to a Precipice. 1 Editorial Notes 1 - Genmany and France. o 1 m 1 ý -v- TUE CANADIAN STATESmm RowmAmvTm v nwm,&'Rfn