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4 .-.-.-, '1IU RWAY, ATYGUS? 4, 1949 Iack t. the Days When Durham Was a Forest Inhabited by Indiàns Historical Talk by Mrs. 1. Purdon. Editon's Note:- For the inform- ation of aur readei we may ex- plain that Mrs. John PuI n author ai this histonical article, *long with ber husband lived retired in Hampton ýor the past three years. She is a native ai Baltimore, north ai Cobourg. They have a daughter wba wiIi be on the Public Schooi teaching staff at Bowmanville cammenc- 4 ~ in September. Another _r£hter is Publie Health Nurse. 4Stayner and a son lives in The July meeting af Hampton Womnen's Institute ieatured a par on historicai research, en- tiid"Time Manches On," by Mns. John Purdon. Short' business peniod was held during which August pîcnic was decided ta be heid at Cobourg, an August 4th with bus leaving Hampton at 2 p.m. Two instrumental duets wcre given by Mrs. A. Cale, Bowman- ville and Miss Norah Horn. Mot- ta was given by Mrs. J. Macnab; reading on "Grandmother'" by Mrs. Adcoý.k, Mrs. Thenon Mount- joy and Mrs. J. Balson and piano solo by Audrey Macnab. The in- formiative and histonical address by Mrs. Purdon foliows:- We become so accustomed ta the canveniences of modern every day lufe that we seldom think ai the sacrifice and privations whicb bas made aIl these things passible. Do we appreciate the beritage left ta us by the early settlers? For a brief period this aiter- naon let us try ta visualize the eanly pioneen ie ai aur Counties Northumberland and Durham. We ail know that the iirst settiers wene Indians, three powenful tnibes: Algonquins, Hurons and Antonais who passessed the wbole territory narth ai the chain ai 1 Great Lakes and wbo had from, time immortal eanied on fierce1 warfane against the Five Nation1 or Iroquais who passessed the countny soî.4h ai the Great Water1 Chain, chieily that territory nawi comprising York. the State ai New1 These tribes though very fan behind the state af civilization cammon ta even the most prim- itive of the tbree mare sauthern aboiginal peoples found by 'Columbus and other expiarers,,yet passessed many chanacteristics which placed them beyond com- parisan in advance ai mare nartbern and western tribes. Tbey lived in villages, cultivated a coarse grain known as maize which bas since become a stapie praduct af most ai the caunitnies ai the wonid witbin the limit 'f this tempenate clime; had made some progress in some ai the more necessary arts ai lufe and ne- cognized certain fixed pinciples ai publie palicy in their inter- course with other tnihes. Snch were the people whom the firqt white adventurer faund in possession ai the country on their arrivai fugitives iromn their form- er feilow colonist in the newiy revolutionized United States. for having taken the side ai thein king and fatbenland against their adopted country. The iirst white men wba ever as actuai settiers set foot upon that whoie extent ai country naw forming these twa counties ai Northumberland and Durham were Nathaniel Ashford and James Stevens. Mn. Ashford was a man ai some means and influ- ence coming from tbe town ai Ashiord, Kent County, England, and emigrated ta Amenica in cal-1 inial times. At the time ai the« revalution, lie not only opposed it morally, but took up arms in defense ai the Royal cause, and senved in a variety ai capacities tbroughout the war, being an ai- ficer in Burgoyne's army which was captured at Saratoga. Pre- viaus ta the revolîîtion the iamilyc and also those ai Mn. Stevens',c wbo îikewise was ai English des-s cent, owned large properties inS Dutchess Caunty, N.Y., U.S.A. r At the termination of the war ' these familles and many otherst were .at the mercy af the Contin- ,J CLOSED FOR HOLIDAYS MONDAY, AUG. Gth AND EE-OPENING fMONDAY, AUG. 22nd SUMMER 'DRESSES ýTake advantage of this bolie \ PRE-HOLIDAY CLEARANCE ef our entire stock of SUMMER DRESSES There's stili a large vaniety irom m-hieh to ehoose. Ail at greatly reduced pnices, ALL SUMMER H AT S REDUCED TO CLEAR Couch, Johoston & Cryderman PHONE 836 49 King st. w. BOWMANVUILE THE CAKADIAN STATESMAN. ROWMiANVILL, ONTAIUO ý entais, who persecuted and slew in the latter capacity by Thos. rr-any; and to avoid the reign of Ward of Port Hope. terrorinauguratedby the '*itegu- It is related th.at the first Court lators" after the acknowledge- of the Queen's Bench ever con- ment of Independence, Ashford, vened within these United Count- Stevens and their families f led ies was in the barn of Mr. S*oper, with thousands of others to seek Lot 23, Con. 1, Lakeshore Road, safety under the British flag. Township of Hope, the foremen- It will be remembered that tioned Major Roger presiding. It after the declaration of peace, the is aiso told that Major Rogers question of jurisdiction of a cer- and other officiais chose sides tain portion of the N.W. part of and piayed a game of basebail to New York State, bordering the determine who should pay the Niagara River was lef t undecided. expense of a dinner. Ephraim Gif- The British still maintained a fort ford acted as Constable. This there, and the locaiity became the statement is made on the author- rendezvaus of the. thouFptiù- ai ty of a pamphlet issued by a Mr. U.E. Loyaiists and their familles Coleman and it wiii be seen fur- as weil as the remnant of Iroquais ther on this was contradicted by who had taken sides in tke war the account of the loss of the gov- against the Colonists. It wax the ernment schooner -"Speedy" with hope of the Loyaiists, as weii as ailonboad. the promise af the British Gov- There are many versions of this ernment, that provision would be disastr but the following is sup-. made in ilie final peace ire,àty poed t be authentic. Two bro-i between the two nations, whereby thers, Farewell by naine, had they should returni undisturbed settled on Oshawa Creek in On- to their oid homes, but the British tario County. They were in the anxious to, colonize their illimit- habit of going back ta Scugog able expanse of wildcrne-s riorth Lake ta trap and trade for furs of the "Thirteen Provinces" to- with the Indians. In the winter taily ignored the promises orig- of 1806-7 they went back as usuai inaiiy held out to the Loyaiists. taking with tbem a man by th e Ashford and Stevens had been namne of John Sharpe. He was i waiting since 1783 at Fort Niagara left in charge of the camp while 1 in hopes of being able finally ta theY proceeded up the lake. On, return and occupy their property, their return they found Sharpe but when in in 1792 the balance murdered. of New York was surrendered and They quickly made their way the British Garrison withdrawn, back ta Oshawa and told their they abandoned ail hopes of re- story to Ebenezer Lockwood then turning and moved with their settied on the Lakeshore. Lock- families near Burlingtgon, flow wood had noticed the Indians the city of Hamilton, where tbey camped on the shore a day or remained alone in the wilderness two previous, some of them were until the next spring, when they intoxicated. fle watched from a started with their families along distance and saw one of the In- the Ontario shore wxth the inten- dians going through the motions, tion of going ta Adolphustown at showing how he killed Sharpe. the foot of the lake where many Having got hoid of the story Lock- of their friends had aiready setti- wood went to Toronto and told ed, passed the abandoned military the Indian 'Superintendent about post of York now Toronto and on it. They found the Indians camp- arriving at the present site of Port ed on the Island. Hope were sa favorabiy impressed A warrant was issued, -a sar- with the locality that they de- geant and guard were procured cided ta, remain there. Hope and the offending Indian given township was s0 named as it was up by bis Chief. Council was as- j 'Hope" of the refugee. s xgned ta the Indian who on the1 As weii as their families they trial successfully raised the ques- liad brought along tbeir stock tion of jurisdiction as ta whether iriving them through the forest, the crime was committed in the crossing rivers an hastiiy con- Home District or the District of structed rafts and swimming their Newcastle. The case was sent stock across. The day tbey ar- ta trial at Newcastle. On Oct. 7, rived and iocated on the lots 1807, Mr. Justice Cochrane, the where they subsequently during solicitor general, Mr. Angus Mc>. the whoie of their days resided Donald, the Indian prisoner, wvas an the 3rd of June, 1793. The squaws, witnesses and contbe first night they bivauaced under witb severai passengers embarked a large 'mapie tree. That very at York on the schooner "Speedy" night Mrs. Stevens gave birth ta commanded by Capt. Paxton, for a son. named Simeon who conse- the purpose of going ta Newcastle quently was the first born white ~hil onthe hol forh sorewbere two assîzes were ta be beid chere beng th hat ntieshoteaon the lOth of the month. Thei ther beng a tht tie nt avessel was seen a few milès from single settier between Hamilton her destined port on the eveningE and Napanee. of the 8th. The wind was Iblowing Years afterwards when Mr. a gale and increased ta a hur- Stevens parted with the land ricane during the night. The there was a stipulation in the schooner went down and aIl hands deed ta the effect that that tree erîsthanih. dounE :hould neyer be cut down. This mensto lc rmdyt a condition was faithfully fulfilled nts tookhplefrohe aey oftahday for more than two generations vuntil ail hope o eds.t o h iii age and decay caused it toveslwsanded uccumb ta the gales. Mr. Ash- Th.e saine act which united the ford died in 1795 his death being provinces (1841) alsa pravided for the irstin te setlemnt. the municipal government af the The nearest mili was Kingston aiu Dstcsbya itrt miul, this trip took two weeks by Council, very similar ta our pre- boat and through forest. In 1794 sent County Councils, although when the first wheat was raised the Warden was an appaintee of a party was made up ta take a the Crown. The first one ta fili grist on ox jumpers ail the Wav this office in the Newcastle Dis- Lo Belleville where another mili trict on the operation of the new ad just been erected. They ac- system, 1842, was Walter Bosweil 'omplished, the task but it was who was succeeded in 1946 by G. ccompanied by an immense a- S. Bouiton. Bath these men were rount of hardship and danger very prarninent and influential Eat henceforth they made their citizens of Cobourg. n,isting trips ta a Napanee miii, In 1847 Henry S. Reid, District fin also recently built until the Councillor from Dariington Town- uilding of a miii in their own ship was elected ta the Warden- istrict. sbip, a position be held until 1850 This latter important evgnt was wben the present system was in- adertaken by Elias Smith who augurated. Han. Asa A. Burbam )btained from the Government of Cobourg was tbe first warden r so doing a grant af 600 acres under the present system. ) land on which the chief part Now we corne ta the early his- Ef Port Hope is now situated. tory af the Town of Bowmanviile, apt. John Burn, another settier, originaily part ai tbe Township 'as the chief architect. By Fali af Dariington, which is similar ta 'ben it was ready ta be raised that of many other Canadian here were nat enough men in the towns and its experience, tbe cx- strict ta do it so word was sent perience of ail early settiements o Coîborne settiement which bad witb all tbe exciting scenes and )en formed the previous year depnivations of frontier lufe and id Joseph Keeler, the leading the graduai unfoling and devel- nan in that district, came up with opinent of a community compiete lot of companians in a boat and in its organizatian, distinctive in he work was accomplished; but its character and experience and ýn account of u>ifavorable cir- ricb in the bigber elements of unmstances intervening it was domestic, social and religiaus life. t tili tbe Spring af 1798 tbat the Tbe early settiers of Bowmao- iii was put into successful oper- ville or Darlington Mîlis and vic- ta aie place in the township of' with one Wilson _locëaed in Clanke. idimand or Hamilton. The Tbese were the oniy inhabitants idings were cansequentiy erect- except the Indians at this period at Cobourg. But great canten- Iletween Toronto and Port Hope. on enused between the variaus One of the tales Mr. Lovekin tions which had candidates for used ta tell was that during the eselection and after many iaw- summer be cleared same land and ts the bigbest tribunal declar- constructed a bouse except for in 1830 that tbe magistrates the doors and windows. He re- d no autbority ta do as they turned ta bis family with the in- i done and that cansequently tention of bringing them- to their cCourt House in use for a new borne in the Spring. He bad neration was not a Court Hanse $150.00 in silver with bim but on al]. The Legisiature was in- accaunt Qf its weight be tbaught :ed at tbe next session ta it unnecessary ta take it 'back ýalize" the Court House ai the with hlm. He decided ta place it trict which tbey did at the in a boliow tree for safe keeping, ne time idemnifying the mag. first wrapping it in paper and rates for the ihegal expenditure tben Putting it in a stocking. mioney appiied if its enectian. Sewing it witb a stout cord, be Ireviaus ta Provincial Union bung it in the boiiow tree whjch various counties were gavern- h ad selected and ieft the place. by the District Magistraites When be came back ta bis ci beld quarterl.v sessions pre- bouse thie following v-ear witb d over by the District Judge. bis famiiy a bear rushed dow.ýn or D. M. Rogers of Gratton. the stairs aild jumped out the old U.E.L. wba was the first window. From thie auantitv of rict .Jtdge combJninz also the ie-îve '4d hi. :h jrI ila ies af Registrar till succeededi corner the bear had taken up Jwinter quarters there. Aiter settling bis iamily anc effects in the bouse he went tt the tree ta see if his maney waW aIl safe but faund only a smal plece af string. He f elt disap' p ' inted and considered it a loss nevertheless he kept thinkini about then ta satisfy himself hg eut dOwn the tree at the bottorr and found a woad mouse's nesi made ai paper, string and stock. ing mixed with grasses and ieav. es. After remnoving the nest he found ail his money buried iii ratten wood and mouid. Leonard Soper removed iran, Hope ta Darlington in 1805 where he built a saw miii, the finst in the township, Unfortunately the Miil was destrayed by fine and the ioiiowing year another was built in its place. At this time provisions were not ta be abtained and store goods were out of the question and un- tii the erection ai the Mill at Port Hope journeys wene made ta Myen's Miii, Belleville, with grists in canaes and openi boats, the trip occupying two and thnee weeks, often times being attended with much hardship and suifer- ing. Capt. John Truli tells another story which happened when he xvas a boy. His father was absent baving gane ta Myer's Miii with a grist when a. squaw and four PaPooses came ta the bouse. The squaw asked for, flour which bis mother reiused as it was scarce. The squaw hunted until she found the flour and commencej .to divide it equally ta ail in f4,l roomn giving: a double handful ta each one until it was ail divided, when she took her share in a bag and travelled off through the woads. Same ai the settlers brought big cofice milis which tbey used when flour was scarce ta gnind or crack the grain. Others hol- lawed out a stump and used a waoden paunder attached toaa swing pale. They put the corn in the cavity and pounded it with this rude pestle. This bruised corn was known as Samp when pounded fine and used for John. -îy Cake, the coarse being boiied into mushi. Another nutnitiaus article ai food was found in Rice Lake. It .vas the wiid rice which grew in abundance. It was dnied and then aounded and either made into cakes an boiied. This went very good with the animai food which w.as plentiful and easily caught. The praperty upon which Bow- nanvilie now stands was known as the Bowman estate iromn which it denives its name. The first Post Office was open- ed soan after the war ai 1812. Col. James Black was the first Postmaster. The mail was brought from Kingston ta York once a week on mule back on when trav- elling was good in the winter time in a sleigh. Win. MeMulien was te mail carrier. It was said on good autharity that his mule died d in 1866 at Markham. > Bowmanville became an inde- spendent municipality under the til f Police Village ai Bowman- -ville in 1853 and a town in 1858. The first mayor was Mn. James McFeeters, a veny prominent ecitizen of the tawn. n When Dalington Mils became tasepa rate municinality the iow- ship itself began keeping its awn records an d rom then on was eknown as Darington. We wili now begin the sketch ai what is everywhere admitted ta be the banner township ai the United Countiles. In its mat- enial or physical deveiapment we can do littie more than state that its progress and prosperity has been in the highest degree satis- factory. It bas been transformed inta one of the very finest cam- munities in the whole province. At an early date the seat ai municipal legisiature was faund- ed at Hampton by Henry Eliiott wha built a grist miii and saw miii and opened in connection there with a general store. Post Offices in the township, other than Hampton, were Ty- rone, Enniskillen, Haydon, Sauina and Enfield. The finst census ai. Darlington was taken by Hon. J. Simpson ai Bowmanviile, the total popu- ation at that perîod numbering 118, and the total Population ai Clarke and Dariington in 1810 was 181. The iirst official figures are returns made ta the Provincial Government in 1856, Darlington had 975 ratepayers. The incarne for that year was £1409 and the expenditure was £1440,17s,4d. In 1880 thene wene 1257 natepayers îepresenting a Population ai 5,- 472 ownig real and persanal pro- perty valued at S-3,246.8,36.00 There are 68,386 acres af land in the whole township. The pre- sent Population ai Darlington is appnaximately 4,041 which is 1,431 less than in 1880. it has appnoximateiy 340 miles ai roads. This includes county, township and provincial; ai these raads Danlington keeps up 257 miles. Total assessment is appraximate- ly $2,500,000.00. Our ancestcirs have made for us a good henitage so Jet us live unselfishly so that we mnay leave a like henitage ta aur posterity. Early histony and stonies ai this sketch were taken fnom an Atlas ai Northumberland and Durham dated 1878 and from Dodds' Directory 1880. i TICKETS TO EVERYWHERE Air, Rail or Steamship Consult JURY & LOVELL 15 Kinlg St. W. 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