The following text may have been generated by Optical Character Recognition, with varying degrees of accuracy. Reader beware!

~VT4W f!ANATIAN STATESMAN. ~OWMANVTI.L~ ON'rAWTn _________________________________________________ ~ nu ~ 1, ft~flhJ.a 7~UU1, 1U50 £acblhd 1854 with whiel im Incorprart.d The Bowmanylfl.Nowa, The. Newcaste Indepgnd.ut and Tii. Orono News 95 Yeaza Continuous Service ta the Town a1 Bowmanvile and Durham County -AuthorSm.d cm Second clama Mail Pont Office Departmont. Ottawa. AN INDEPENDENT NEWSPAPER Momber Audit Bueau et Circulations - A Ccnadian Association $2.50 a Year, atrtctly i advance $ 3.00 a Year in the United States TMH JAMES PUBISHING COMPANY Bowmanville, Ontario * GEO. W. JAMES, Errot SPRING - WITH VARIATIONS It's a caution the way some poets and high-brow intellectuals wax lyrical about spring on the farm. Not that we blame them. It's a great time ta live in the country. Then, as at no other season of the year, ail nature appears ta offer vivid proof of the Divine pledge of seed time and harvest. You see that in the stirring of new life; in the brightening green that steals gradually over the pastures and the fields of f ail wheat; even in the dull-looking plowed fields which take on a lighter, fresher look as the accumulated winter moisture seeps into the soul or is drawn up into the sky ta faîl again as warming ramn. Out in the woodlot, budding trees *burst into leaf. In wet, shady nooks tril- liums and delicate violets start their ail- too-brief span of life.' The spirit of spring infects the animal world. Horses kick up their heels when they get out into the wide spaces of pasture after a winter of close confine- ment. Wily old sows use ail the tricks they know - and the range is amazing - :ta slip through seemingly impregnable Sfences ta root up the fields. Lambs per- :form prodigious athletic feats as they :gambol about in the warming suni. :That's the sort of stuff the literriry Sfellows like ta write about. They ignore :some other things about spring on the Zfarm which are more apt ta stir up far 'Z from joyful feelings. a For one thing, there's the mud. It's Severywhere. The barnyard may turn into ja quagmire - no matter how much f111l Syou pour into it every year, you neyer seem ta be able ta lick it. The mud pulls g off your boots at the most embarrassing Stimes, often when you're chasing pell meli after that dratted caif that slipped through the gate and went high-tailing it away for *a taste of freedom. It gets tracked into Sthe house, which doesn't improve dames- ;tic tempers. Then spring bas a two-way effect on f the spirit. It may stir nature ta, life but it's likely ta make an easy-going buman Sbeing lazier than ever. L ife seems very Ccomfortable and every movement requires effort. Work is a thing ta put as com- Ipletely away from the mind as possible. But how can you forget work, when you Ssee ail around inescapable evidence that before long you'l1 have ta plow and disk jand harrow and sow and - some day - Iharvest. Ail this is enough ta bring tumuit ta the most placid mind. But anyway, it's spring, and these Idisturbing thoughts can't stick around for long. SECONOMIC WELFARE DEPENDS ON M A PROSPEROUS AGRICULTURE Agriculture is Canada's basic industry and on its soundness and prosperity rests jthe general prosperity of the entire country. It shouid be the interest of- jevery Canadian ta help maintain profit- 50% of their produce. This market bas been provided in the Spast largely by the great industrial areas jof the United Kingdom. Britain, however. :is now buying only 125c of ber food from dollar sources compared with 36%,' in May jof 1946. Lack of IDollars prevents United Kingdom from maintaining her purchases Sof Canadian farm products in quantities Z she could consume. To finance the ail-out effort neces- syfaor the victoriaus waging of the last war, Britain spent of her substance and h er wealth which she bad accumnuiated in :the variauS countries af the world during 8the 19th Century. The EliWatf?? of her j investmeflts abroac'S UmahMg $1,712 mil. elion of ber dallai- fnvestments which in 1addition ta lIher services, previously pro- Svided ber wfith a source of revenue ta balance ber dollar purchases, has lef t ber, as it bas mast other sofit currency count- ries, witb a sbortage of dollars ta pur- chase tbe tbings that she needs ta buy and would like ta buy from us. There is but ane way ta rigbt this situation and that is ta enable Britain ta get the dollars she requires by purchasing mare British-made goads in Canada. Massey-Harris President J. S. Duncan, eager ta maintain the traditional United market for aur farm products and other goods, beads new Dollar-Sterling Trade Board. Leaders af Business, together with H. H. Hannam, President, Federation of Agriculture, and Jas. Ward, Brotherbood of Locomotive Engineers, representing labour, are giving af tbeir time and ex- perience ta the Dollar-Sterling Trade Board in an effort ta assist in the solving of the Sterling areas' shortage of dollars so as ta enable them ta buy a larger pro- portion of aur exportable surpluses. It is not a question ai increasing aur over- all imports, but rather ai bringing tbem into better balance. A switch of only 15%7 of aur imports from United States, which have grown ta be a seriaus drain on aur own dollar resources, ta the purchase af goods from United Kingdom would in- crease aur imports from Britain by almost 95% and would go a long way ta soiving the problem. Wben the problem is clearly under- stood by eacb one, there can be but littie doubt that business and individuals will co-operate in the effort that is being made in the interests af protecting aur export markets. To hold aur place in expart markets in the immediate future wiil also caîl for keeping prices compietitive and this means getting aur casts of production down toaa minimum. AMATEUR SHOWS THAT APPEAL There's 'an interest which seems ta bave slowly but definitely taken a grip on the country. We don't mean canasta, nor even the presently popular sport of spot. ting flying saucers. The interest we refer ta is as aid as the ancient Greeks and as noble as Shakespeare; in short, play- acting. During the winter months many young peopie's arganizations in towvn and in the villages of the county, have pre- sented plays that are a real credit ta the performers as well as enjoyable enter- tainment for those who attend these amateur shows. Special mention sbould be given the four minstrel shows put on the past week by the Bowmanville Lions Club. Then there is the band concert next week by the Orono Band. Stage plays, from those presented in grand theatre af big cities ta those staged in rural communities, are hardly a new thing in Canada. Even the early colonists, as soon as their numbers were great enough ta provide bath cast and audience, probably acted* out their home-brewed piays in the meeting places of the pioneer colonies. But since the war ended Canada bas noted a revival bath in the number and standards of its stage groups, which col- lectively make up the littie theatre move- ment. The reasons for the mavement's virility are obviaus. Enthusiasin can aiten make up for stage skill, aiid probabiy bahf the community is itching ta tread the boards. Most folk are natural-born actors, or think they are - if given a chance. Add ta these *a director with a world of patience, plus a more moclest hard.-work- ing crew behind scenes, and another littie theatre is born. Sa iet's have more amateur shows, plays and dramas. They ail have one thing in common: the people on bath sides ai the footlights are having a wonderful time. CLAIMS TYRANNY IS LIBERTY Admittedly the present world situa- tion gives no one, nat even the manufac- turers ai atom bombs, any lasting reason for optimism. The future looks gloomy. But if you think today is bad, take a short glimpse at yesterday. Ewart McLaugblin ai Oshawa brought a book into the Statesman Office flot long ago. It came irom the belongings ai bis great grandiather, Robert H-odgson, wbo lived at Tyrone. The book is 117 years aid, being dated March 21, 1833. The book is entitled, "A Tour Up The Straits, from Gibraltar ta Constantinople, with the leading events in the present war between the Austrians, Russians and Turks, ta the commencement ai the year 1789." It is written by Captain Suther- land ai the 25th Regiment. Here are a couple ai paragraphs which show the trend ai things in gavernment over 100 years ago: "It was nat without regret that I passed by Zante, witbout landing there. It was the only place in the Venetian ter- ritories whicb we bad any chance ai visiting. I wished much ta see the eifect ai a Government, in wbicb Despotism, in the form of a Republic, makes ber votaries believe that Tyranny is Liberty. But by what I could learn Ïrom the traders, and a iew other people, ta wbom I bad an opportunity ai speaking, the police is really shocking." "The Gavernors are generally needy men; 1But. by accepting fines as a remission for murder, they are soon enriched, per- haps by the ruin ai a widow and an orphan. Is your busband assassinated - your father murdered? Dry up your tears - yaur Governor is tbree guineas richer." "Thus ane murder produces another; wbole familles are involved in destruc- tion, or at best live in perpetual alarms;, justice neyer interferes, and society is ai course destroyed." If we looked around the present world it is possible that we could find more than one example of this kind of misgovernment. Let us nat destroy the basis on which aur own good government is laid. Many evils exist in aur sysirem. Many must be rooted out in order ta pave the way for advancement ta a higher level of political achievement. But when we compare our forni of government with that of other and less fortunate countries, we must realize that what.we bave we should flot throw out. We must try ta improve the gem we ai- ready bave. A rougb diamand is not as beautifuil as a palished one. But it is a diamond nevertheless. A piece of carbon cannat by polishing become a diamond. MULTITUDE 0F HIDDEN TAXES Would you like a real wage boost? That question is addressed ta the wage earners and white collar workers by Henry H. Heimann, manager of the Na- tional Association of Credit Men. "You can get it and you can get it with much less trouble than you expect," be assures them. "You don't bave ta go on strike ta get it. You don't even bave ta form a committee ta wait on the boss and tell him what you want or have your union officers fight for you." Substantial wage increases, or the equivalent, would autamaticaliy become effective if taxes were reduced, he ex- plains. He says the average men and women assume that their tax is largely limited ta the withholdîng from their pay check, but that ta the contrary the burden now paid is mostiy hidden. Hie points out that in the average situation the withholding tax is about one- fif th of the tax really paid by the em- ployee. Four-f if ths of the teax they pay is hidden, or so widely distributed in the cost -of necessities and luxuries that the -1W..kly RevIew Sure Way Insecurity By LEWIS MILLIGAN Finance Minister Abbott, in bis Budget speech in the House of Commons, toid the Canadian peo- pie that if they wanted furtber social security expenditures tbey would have ta be prepared ta pay for them. That is wbat you might cali a truism and should go with- out saying. But it seems there are a whole lot of people who be- lieve the gzovernment bas some source of wealth, apart from the pockets of the people, upon which it can draw ta provide everybody with financial security -if it were only benevolent enough. It neyer occurs ta thesc simple-minded folk that if the government had such secret ré- serves there would be no need for taxation. Wbat Mr. Abbott meant was that if his Budget had ta provide for ail the social security scbemes suggested he wouid have ta dou- ble and perbaps quadruple taxa- tion, which would have ta be paid by ail the*peopie. The first ta complain about such an imposi- tion wouid be the very people who are clamoring for social se- curity, for it would require a drastic "cbeckoff" on ail wages and salaries. Those wbo would sufer most would be the wage- earners who receive most of the national income, which is the only source of government rev- enue. Ail governments are pick- pockets, and where they don't do it openly by the checkoif on psy- envelopes and ifizome tax, they do it iight-fingeredly in sales taxes and other hidden devices. In other words, taxes, whether direct or indirect, came out of wages, and every increase in tax- ation therefore reduces the pur- chasing power of wages. This is what happened in Britain, where heavy taxes have been ievied di- rectly on wages ta provide for social security schemes. Conse- quently the workers are repent- edly demanding higher wages, and the prices of commodities and services go up accardingly, so that they are no better off. But the labor unions insisted upon social security with the result that, as a British econamist, Prof. Hutchin- son, recentiy stated, "The British are the heaviest taxpaying people in the Western World." If full employment cauid be maintained under this heavy tax- ation for social security schemes, the British people would have littie ta camplain about; but ex- cessive taxation has a depressing effect upon industry. Adam Smith long ago, in bis "The Weaith ai Nations," painted out that direct taxes on the wages ai labor generally resulted in a con- siderable faîl in the demand for labor. "The decline of îndustry," he said, "the decrease ai enmploy- ment for the poor, the diminution af the annual produce af the land and labor ai the country, have generally 4een the effects ai such taxes."~ Adam Smith was a very prosy writer, but bis book is a mine ai polîtical wisdom and economic common sense which are worth digging for. His whoie argument on-taxation might be summed Up in the words ai Finance Minsiter Abbott when he said that if the Canadian people wanted further social securîty expenditures tbey would have ta be prepared ta pay for them. If the Canadian people are wiliing ta pay for theoretical social security through high tax- ation. weli and izaod, but it would be weli for them first ta consider the warning ai Adam Smith. There is no surer way ta social and economic insecurity than by excessive taxation and more es- pecially when its purpase is ta re- lieve the people of their personal resppnsibilities.j But some people make a purpose of deceiving reporters. Evidently they forget that the reporter's training has taught him to sense "the rigger in the woodpile". The public demands facts and depends upon the paper to get the facts and flot the gossip and ta present them fairly and clearly. Land of Opportunity (Brampton Conservator Sometimes we, as Canadians, are prone ta lose sight of the fact that aur country is stili a land of great opportunity. Oc- casionally a speaker cornes along ta remind us that there is stili no limit ta the heights the indi- vidual can reach if he possesses ambition and the willingness ta work. Such a speaker told a Bramp- ton audience last week of the men who hold the responsible execu- tive positions in Canada's life in- surance companies. Without ex- ception these men rose through the ranks from very humble be- ginnings ta their present emin- ence. This statement has parti- cular significance in Brampton, for, men from this town are among those who have gainec! such prominence. We are think- ing particularly of Gordon Beat- ty, now vice-president of the Ca- nada Lif e Assurance Company and Cather Boyle, recently ap- rNATURE UNSPOILED, LYOURS TO PROTECT The YELLOW-BELLIED SAP- SUCKER is a very handsome waodpecker. Mis black, white, red and yellaw colors in their distinctive pattern are unmis- takable. Despite his namle ho doos nlot live anly on sap, but *ats fruit and ants as welI. Hel should always b. protected. YO R T* ENJOY CARLING'S lTE CARLING *REWERIES LIMITED WATKRLOO. ONTAIO. t 0 lm cARtImi* O Whal Others Say What Do You Tlhink?, (Midland Free Press) Readers af and advertisers in Canadian weekly newspap er s have more than a little interest in the survey on advertising recent- iy conducted by the Canadian In- stitute of Public Opinion. Interviews found that while 64 percent of those they talked ta believed that advertising added interest ta their newspapers, oniy 28 percent liked advertising on the radio. People with upper or average incarne showed an even higher preference for newspaper adver- tising and a greater opposition tai radio cammercials. Recent surveys in the United States indicated that 92 percent of the people wanted advertising in their newspapers, but 94 per- cent wouid prefer ta have radio advertising eliminated. One conclusion can definitely be drawn from these studies. The average man or woman looks ta his or ber newspaper for adver- tising information and would miss it if it were not there. Sim- ilarly the average man or woman resents radio advertising and it must be very, very good adver- tising ta overcome that inherent resentment. The business which advertises in a newspaper daes sa with the approval af the newspaper rend- er. The business which adver- tises on the air does sa in apposi- tion ta the wishes of the average listener. Collecting the News (Acton Free Press) When your newspitper editor or reporter asks questions, he does not seek ta satisfy personal cur- iosity, but ta fuifil his duty ta the paper, and therby aid his paper ta fulfil its duty ta the public. The public is entitled ta know the news and it is the news- paper's duty ta gather the news, regardiess ai whomn it affects, and when a stumbling block is thrown in the paper's way, it is an at- tempt ta thwart the rights af the public. No real newspaperman has a desire ta twist or mold the facts ta his own taste as same people imagine, for he realizes t h a t truth is stranger than fiction; and when he feels the truth bas been given ta hi.m, he is satisfied. pointed chief accountant by the same company. The experience of these execu- tives provides proof that great op- portunities exist and wiii con- tinue ta exist as long as we keep Our country a land of appartunity. Jockeys stand in their stirrups ta distribute their weight evenly. Unsung heroes of railroad work are the "gandy-dancers." In blistering sun and freezing cold they keep the rails safe in their job as section hands. Britain is facing up ta a juven- ile wave af violence, with victirna usuaiiy warnen. Surgery, x-ray and radium are the oniy treatments which have ever cured cancer. Seruras, salves and mechanicai gadgets are use- less and dangerous. Beware of, quacks who keep you from golng ta a reputable physician in time. The Canadian Cancer Society and the medical profession will advise the public when new treatnients consumer is unaware ai their full tax cost. Mr. Heimann does well ta empbasize that the incame taxes, sales taxes, and praperty taxes are flot the only taxes the .average man or woman or family pays, not even the largest part ai tbe burden. And yet a decrease in even these taxes would represent the practical equivalent of a wage boost or salary increase. The average consumer perhaps does not realize that every time be buys any- thing, wbether it be a pair of base or an automobile, a large portion ai the price he pays is due ta a multitude af bidden taxes. These taxes are paid by the manu-- facturer.and everybady else wbo bas any- thing ta do with the - product from the time it leaves the hands ai the producer ai the raw material until it is delivered ta the ultimate consumer. Even the raw nfaterials praducer must get a higher price because ai the taxes be bas ta pay. An essential fact ta be kept always in mind is that practica]ly ail the taxes cal- lected by the federal, provincial, county and municipal governments from every- body are paid by the consumer. And that includes ail wage earners, including the white coliar worker as well as bis em- ployer. What can they do about it? Wbat can the wage earner and the white collar worker do ta get the equivalent of a pay increase? "This large- group ai citizens can, if they are determined ta do so, force a real reductian in the cost ai government," Mr. Heimann tells them. "If they expressed their view and gave their political support ta representatives who will ca-operate ;vith'them in their objective ai a lower cost ai government, we would in short order have lower taxes." The wageý work- ers do not realize their strength. They can exert a controlling influence on aur spending and tax problems., In With the New, Ont With the OIda Lightweight lubricants are just fine for cold weather driving . . .. but Spring calîs for some- tbing heavier. Have our ex- perts Spring-lubricate your car and add smiles ta warm weathe' miles. FOR SMOOTH DRIVING FILL UP WITO. THE FAMOUS Cilles Service Gasoline Ask for aur check-up service. There's no charge at al . . . just another ai services-with-a-smile. Palmer Motor Sales 20 King St. E. BOWMANVILLE Phone 487 pli You ý get more travel for your dollar when you trcavel by bus Scmiple Fares ...see. Dewmanvllle To Taranto Kingston Ottawa Montreal how you One Way 1.15 3.65 5.75 7.25 SAVE Retura 2.10 6.60 10.35 13.05 For further information, please see your local agent 66 KING STREET - TELEPHONE 2666 COLONIAL COACH LINES PAGE TWO % onGuçranteed %lý Trust Certif cates ISSUED for any amont.... fer a terra of fi.ey..n.... guaranteed both ua to principal A% ~and intret .... Intere8t cheques anailed ta reach holders on due date, or, at holder's option, may b. allowed ta accuniulate at f comnpound interest. An ideal investment for Individuala, cern- panies; authorized by Iaw for omzetery boards, Oxecutora and othor truatee THEU STERLING TRUSTS CORPORATION 372 Bay Sret, Toronto 1 et y..rs la Businss have been approved. j THE CANADIAN STATESMAN, BOWMANVME. ONTARIO rrwtTvCTIAIV A131m" qa.- COACH LINES