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PAGE TWO TEE CANADIAN STATESMAK. BOWMANVILLE, ONTABIO THURSDAY, JUNE lut, 1950 atabUshd 14 wlth which in lacerparated Te wmmiU* Ne<ws, The Newcastle Independont and The. Orone Nowa 85 Yeara Conifnuoua Service to the Town of Bowmanville and Durham County - Autherlz.d cm Second Cloua Mail Pest Oite. Departm.nt, Ottawa. AN INDEPENDENT NEWSPAPER Momber Audit Bureau ei Circultiens Canadian Wookly li.wapap.rs Associan e SUBSCRIPTION RATES $2.50 a' Year, strictly ln advance $3.00 a Year In the United States Published hy MHE JAMES PUBLISHING COMPANY Bawnianville, Ontario GEO. W. JAMES, EDITOE EDUCATION FOR LIVING OUR MOST IMPORTANT BUSINESS We used ta think of education as something we took in our hand in the formn of a diploma. Perhaps it was out of high school, or out of university for the privileged or hard-working few. If we took some of it in our head, in the form of knowledge, that was ail ta the good. N;ow we know better. We know that the business of learning îs continuous, from the first spank by the doctor ta our final farewell of him. That is why sa rnany have a hand in it. We are forever being educated - and educating. We can't escape it. But we can give direction ta it. We usually think of education as something good, but it can be bad. That is whyv it is everybody's business. It starts in the home. What our -homes are the community is, the nation and the world,. because the world is the sum of al aur homes. If we have selfish, jangling homes, we'll have a self- ish jangling world; ail the peace confer- ences from now tili doomsday can do littie ta alter it. If we want ta avoid that doomsday which is approaching with ac- celerated speed, and most of us do, we'd better hasten ta 'tidy up' aur homes. Our sehools? Should they confine their business ta reading, writing and arithimetic? The answer is obviaus. Let us have information and facts, by al mneans. We cannot do without them. But scientifie knowledge is not enough. It has already given us a world that we are afraid of. What we need ta learn now, and learn quickly, is how ta use aur know- ledge. Parents and teachers also must have the Vision ta prepare children for life, ta prepare them ta make a sane warld that they- wan't be afraid te live in. Education for living is aur most im- portanit business. Sa let us put a premium on it. Let us think, plan and spend for it. It will pay dividends. KEY TO THE BUDGET Canadian taxpayers have been doing a lot of pondering in the last twelve months on why the Government now spernds five times as much money as was t he case before the war. In the thirties it cost around $549,200,000 ta run the country. Today it costs $2,367,480,000. In a special report presented ta Par- liament, the Department of Finance has -came up with the answer. Here are a few V-~ the reasons why taxes today are sa znuch higher than they used ta be in pre- war days: Family allowances alone add up ta the formidable total of $470,000,000. This is almost as much as the entire national bud- get during the years immediately preced- ing 1939. Salaries and wages for civil servants accaunt for another $13,200,000. A dazen years aga the corresponding fig- ure. was $77,100,000. Travelling expenses for civil servants have zoomed from a pre- war figure of $4,700,000 ta a new high of $22,1700,000. Back in 1938-39 federal expenditures on publications, films, broadcasting, etc., was a mere $624,000 annually. Today it %akes $76,500,000 of the taxpayers' money for this purpose, and that does not include what will be required for television. .Printing, statianery and office equipment is up from a prewar figure of $2,500,000 ta $ 14,700,000. Apart from grants and subsidies ta the provinces, ather federal subsidies of various sorts total $52,000,000, compared with $9,600,000 a dozen years aga..- And sa it gaes. The Department of Finance deserves credit fo r its efforts ta 'e-niake clear ta Parliament and1 the people just whyavrnmenf t qzCrsSa uch Th what thev want. On streçt cars: Pushing, spreading out over mnore »eat than is neceuary, bok great hope lies in developing what is good. -Calvin Coolidge John Fisher, CBC's ace commentator, who was guest speaker at the Women's Canadian Club here several rnonths aga, always gives samething inspimîng and en- lightening whenever and wherevem he speaks. In a recent addmess on "Canada, Our Heritage and Future Opportunities" he gave real food for thought when he intimated that there was too great a ten- dency on the part of youth ta-day ta seek a secure future, rather tbon ta use their yauth, ambition and ability ta "gamble" on the opportunities presenting themnsel- ves in this great country. He pointed out that Canada today offers a challenge ta ail young Canadians and that if we accept that challenge ta exploit aur natural me- sources and World position, aur country will have a briUiant future. îng the steps and entrance. In elevatcrs: Smoking, refusing to move ta let people off. On the telephone: Inaudible voices, mumbling, talking with pipe or cigarette in mouth, abruptness, lack af information, delay in answering when cail is put through. In offices: Unnecessary noise, dictat- ing poorly, borrowing and nat returning, holding up work until late in the day. In theatres: Talking, cracking gum, eating, wearing big hats, shuffling feet, taking up bath arm rests, breaking intoaa line-up. In restaurants: Holding table space while others wait. The bank letter adds: -'ÎEvery item is a trifling one that can be put right at the expenditure of only a littie thaught. What ta do, of course, is for every one interested in improving his public relations ta go back aver the list and tick off the items in which he offends, and in which he hopes ta improve himself." PUT LOCAL BUSINESS FIRST There is a tendency for some town organizations ta overlook the fact that the success of théir group in its variaus efforts is tied up very closely with the prosperity of the business people of the town, com- ments the St. Marys Journal Argus. The business people in most cases are good patrons of local functions, if prizes or donations are needed they are the first ta be called on and usually they respond generously. They are too among the chief taxpayers who pay a large share of the aperation of the town. On the other hand a few organizations put the local business man in almost last place when it cornes ta doing business with him. The flashing allure of distant supply houses, the urge ta get it "whole- sale" and the smooth words of a glib talking travelling salesman make them turn their backs on their friends and true supporters at home in order ta get what they may think is a "real buy," or merely because they are too slow ta realize that their needs can be supplied by the local business man at perhaps a lower price than anywhere else. Isn't that worth giving more thaught? HOIST BY THEIR OWN PETARD Sir Stafford Cripps has shacked Brit- ish trade unionists by declining ta listen ta demands of skilled workers for pay in- creases. The Chancellom's reasoning is simple. IJnder sacialism, he says, the principle of "fair shares for ail" must be maintained. For skilled workers ta lay claim ta a pay differential over and above that received by their unskilled brethren is a denial of ail that socialism stands for. Sir Stafford professes ta be baffled by the attitude of trade unionists who wish ta niaintain the pay differential based on skill. Income of the machinist and the manual laborer, Sir Stafford believes, should be rigidly equalized. Skilled trade unionists, irritated by Sir StaffQrd's cold logic, hotly protested the "illogical situation" of state socialism under a Labor Party Govemnment denying ta "trade unions the right of enterprise in wages." Perhaps the controversy will make it clear that socialism and control is not consistent with the traditions af a free trade union movement. "MIKE" PEARSON ON PROPAGANDA External Affairs Minister L. B. Pear- son, who addressed aur Men's Canadian Club recently, has called upon the free world ta find fresh and imaginative phrases in the propaganda war against Russia. The democratic tmuths, he says, are just as valid as ever, but "they need restating in forms which penetrate the hearts and minds of aur peoples." Mr. Pearson is on sound ground when he says that the democratic truths are just as valid as ever. Danger on the damestie front, however, lies not sa much in the CANADA'S FIRST HUNDRED YEARS (Cantinued from last week) FISHERIES Canada's coastal and inland fisheries yield enough fish each year ta give every Canadian 130 pounds - about four times as much as he actually eats. Most of the surplus is exported, dried or in cans. Canada's Atlantic fisheries are the world's greatest source of ground fish - cod, haddock, hake, pollock, cusk, yield- ing more than 500 million pounds an- nually. Canada's lobster fishery is much the largest in the world. Practically the whole world supply of canned lobster cames from hem Maritime Provinces. On the Pacific, Canada's 7,000 miles of shoreline give hem one of the world's greatesý- salmon fisheries, with a catch amounting ta as much as 190 million pounds in one year. Her North Pacific fisheries yieid annually from 300 ta 400 million paunds of herring. Canada shares with the United States the Noth Pacific halibut fishery, yielding 70 per cent of the world's catch, and she is now developing a tuna fishery. During the Second World War, Can- ada's fisheries enabled hem ta ship to the people of Britain 610 million pounds of sea food. In 1947 she supplied $8 million worth for pastwar UNRRA relief.* In the first seven months of -1948 the combined sea landings, east and west, were greater by 150 million pounds than in the corresponding period of 1947. Re- tumns ta sea fishermen were $30.5 million -an increase of about $6 million. FOREST PRODUCTS Thirty-seven per cent of Canada's total land area (1,290,960 square miles) is covered by forests. The "accessible pro- duction" area totals 435,000 square miles; but 378,000 square miles classed as "pro- ductive but nat accessible" form a reserve for future use when transportation sy- stems are mare highly developed. The total stand contains about 211.2 billion cubic feet, with 191.3 billion cubic feet at present accessible. In accessible areas there are 250.2 bil- lion board feet of logs in trees large enough ta produce saw logs, and 1.6 bil- lion cords of smaller material suitable for pulpwood, firewood, posts, mining tim- bers, etc. About 7 per cent of wood extracted is exported in manufactumed form. Total woods operations (including pulp and paper) in 1946 yielded $413,269,314. Total saw miii products were vaiued at $228,- 910,057. Woods operations in 1946 gave 41,638,000 man days of employment at wages and salaries aggregating $277,000,- 000. PULP AND PAPER Extent of Canada's pulp and paper production is indicated by the fact that three-fifths of the world's newspapers are printed on Canadian newsprint. About ane-haîf of the paper consum- ed in the United States is either of Can- adian manufacture, or made f rom woad or wood pulp produced in Canada. Volume of Canada's pulp and paper production in 1947 was, the highest re- corded ta that date, capping an almost steady increase since 1916, with grass value of production upped 33.9 per cent over 1946 ta a total of $706,971,628, an in- crease of 189 per cent-over 1929. Newspmint makes up 77.5 per cent of the total output of Canada's 86 milîs. Exports in 1947 of 4,220,779 tons, valu- ed at $342,293,158, placed pulp and paper first in value amongst Canada's exports. The great Bowater plant at Corner- brook, Newfoundland, produces 665 tons of newsprint a day. The company awns 11,000 square miles of timber limits, and has an annual payroll of $15,600,000. Its hydrq-electric plant develops 150,000 h.p. Its exports (81% ta the United States) xvere valued at $32.5 million in 1948. MINERALS Since the early days of Confedemation and before, Canada has been uncavering successive stores of minerai wealth. Within the last fifteen years, rich Durhamn Jersey Cows Establlah Record 0f Performance Monareh's Deuining Primrose, a Jersey cow bred by Hon. Vincent Massey of Canton and awned by Ken Benson & Son, Port Hope, bas conWpleted a splendid Canadian Record of Perfarmance produc- ti on record at 13 years of age. In 351 daya Primrose produced 10,- 596 Ibs. of niilk, 567 Ib.of fat, with a test of 5.35 %. Her tire was bred by Senator A. C. Hardy at Brockville from one of hi. great Jersey caws known au Sa. eurette's Welcame. Village View Jester Girl 2nd ln the. herd af P. H. Hinton, Orono, ha& produced as a 5-year-ald ln 359 days, 9,088 lbo. of milk and 507 Ibo. of fat. In Ontario and Durham Caun- ties the Jersey Cows recently qualifying in the Canadian Record of Performnance are led by one in the herd of Frank M. Chapman at Pickering. Sybil's Favorite Bride as a 9-year-old has produced 7,- 806 Ibs. of milk and 489 lb,. of fat, ln 305 days, with a test of 6.26 %. In the herd of R. P. Stenger at Ennxskillen, Bayside Flora at 7 years has produced 7,868 lbs. of milk and- 403 lbs. of fat. in 305 days. Flora was bred by Robert W. Balsdon & Son at Pickering. Other herds recently reporting records are those of W. F. Batty & Son at Broklij and George T. Todd at Pickering. womth of zinc and copper are being mined and smelted annually at Flin Flan on the northern borders of Manitoba and Sask- atchewan. Manitaba's mineral production in 1947 totalled $17 million in value, and exceeded that figure in 1948. Saskatchewan, now the greatest min- erai producer, mined $32 million worth of gold, silver, copper, zinc, sodium sulphate and soft coal in 1947. Five goid mines at Yellowknife, Northwest Territories, 500 miles from the nearest railway station, have a production worth about $3 million annuaily. Sudbury's mines and smelters produce over $62 million worth of nickel annually -about four-f ifths of the wold's supply. One of the world's iargest iran are deposits has been uncovemed in the wil- derness along the Labrador-Quebec bor- der, 360 miles from the St. Lawrence River, and 300 million tons have been marked for development. Newfoundland's iran are depasits have been suppiying the are for the great coal-steel induistry at Cape Breton, Nova Scotia, for many years. ALUM1NUM Canada is one of the Warld's geatest aluminum-producing centres. At Arvida, in northern Quebec, where wa terpower for hydro-electric energy is plentiful, is locatell the world's largest aluminum plant. 1In 1947 a total of $64 million worth of this versatile metal was shipped out of Canada from Arvida. An estimated in- crease ta 325,000 metric tons in 1948, made Canada the world's leading aiuminum ex- porting country. Arvida -employs 15,000 people, with a monthly pay rail of $3.3 million. Its Shipshaw hydmo-electmic plant on the Sag- uenay River develops 1,500,000 h.p-more than either Boulder Dam or Grande Cou- lee in the United States. A new hydmo plant at La Tranche will supply another 384,000 h.p. for the new smelter at Sorel producing titanium slag. COAL Canada has coal reserves amounting ta same 98,815 million tons, ail in the bit- urninous, sub-bitumninous or lignite grades', and làcated chiefly on the eastemn sea- board, an the prairies, and in British Columbia. Proximity of the east coast fields ta the vast iran are reserves of Newfound- land have given rise ta a thriving primary steel industry in Nova Scotia. But the distance of these coal sources from the central industrial provinces, and the cost of long-haui transportation, makes it nec- essary for them ta import most of their soft-coal, as well as ail their hard coal (of which Canada has none) from the United States. On the other hand, Canada has preat stores of natural gas in Alberta, and ar- rangements are know being made ta pipe this as far east as Manitoba. (To Be Cantinued) EDITORIAL NOTES If things are nat going well with you, begin your effort at correcting the situa- tion by carefully examining the service' you are' rendeming, and especially the spirit in which you are rendeming it. -Rager Babson. Flood and Pire have praduced great disasters, but alsa an extmaordinary de- monstration of national goodwill: a pro- mising sign for Canada and for humanity at large. Incarne Tax Act amendmnent, ending Governmental power ta intimidate busi- nessmen into distibuting profits as the Government may see fit, and not as their judgment tells them is wise, is a major surmender of the Govemnment ta the com- mon sense ecanomic customs of a free country. If the incentive ta venture and ta ex- pand, ta create jobs and ta improve in- dustry's technology is not restored ta aur enterprise, the wage camner will suffer alongR with the rest of us, union or no un- What Others Say "0O PAYS THE SHOT? (Midland Free Press) Wrhat these folks, who advocate pensions for al, do flot realize is that tens of thousands of Canad- lans have skimped and saved for years ta buiid up their own old, age pensions. When governnents raise the cost of living by reducing thel buying power of the Canadian dollar through bigger welfare schemes, it is those people Who have made their own savings who are actually paying the bill. The dollars they have saved are reduced in value so that others, who have flot saved, can get something for nothing. - Old age pensions and ather welfare plans, which are not sup- ported by an economically saund schedule of contributions, are net only a farce but a penalty on common sense thrift. B' -. s e a THE SOURCE 0F Ilere is a typicai bank manager- *~'--~43, married, with a growing family. He is active in community affairs. When he was 17, just out of high school. He soon moved up. By lis late twenties he was accountant in his branch. He worked hard. Ail the time he was learning about banking, about Canada, too, in variaus branches, différent areas ..,. learning ta know people -their hopes, fears, problems -the importance of the hurnan factor. At 36 he was branch manager. Now he lias another, larger branch. And his way to advancement is still open. His general manager started as a junior, tooa... and carried with him ta the top the business experience and human understanding gained along the way. SPONSORED BY YOUR BANK SANITONE DRY CLE ANING "» GETS OUT EVEN GROUND-IN DIRT THAT KEEPS FABRICS DINGYI Don't let spring cleaning get you down! Only Sanitane removes rubbed-in grime ordinary cleaning doeun't toucb. Colors sparkle ,, 'like-new" texture restored. Caîl us today! EVYE LEICH'#S Cleaners & Dyers - Laundries PHONE: OSHAWA ZENITH 13000 Local Agent- HOOPER'S LADIES' WEAR PAGIC Two THE CANADIAN STATESMAN. BOWMANVILLE, . ONTARIO ' THURSDAY, JUNE Ist, 1950 G'Wan, Scram