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TECANADIA( aTATESMANI BOVWANVTLL!. ONTARIO THURSDAY, AUGUST 24th, 1954 RAGT WÉWI Wlth which in tncorporatd The Bowmanvüle .ewu, The Newcastle Iad.p.deut and Tii. Orozo New* 95 Years Contlnuoua Service to the Town of Bowmanville and Durhamt Counfy AN INDEPENDENT NEWSPAPER Audit Bureau et Circulti= Cenatdion Wookly N.wspaper *$2.50 a Year. titl nadi-anc. $3.00 a Year In the. United States PublUmhed by THE JAMES PUBLISHING COMPANY Authoized as Second Cias Mail Post Office flepartimenit Ottctwoe. Bowmanville, Ontario GEO. W. MAMES~, EDITOl ANOTHE.R TEST 0F CANADIAN INGENUITY BROUGHT ON BY RAIL WAY STRIKE As this editorial is being written, the railway strike is only a few hours aid. Already its'crippling effect is being feit ta a small degree. Should it continue for any length of time, the disastrous effect upan the whale economy cannat be esti- mnated witb any degree of accuracy. There is no point in trying ta criticise either tbe railways, the employees or the gavern- ment ather than ta urge ail parties ta do their utrnost ta bring about a settlement at the earliest passible moment. In aur way of living, the workers bave a right ta strike if they feel they shauld be re- ceiving more for their efforts. The com- panies have a similar right ta refuse ta pay mare if they feel the demands are nat justified. The government can de- clare a national emergency and can pas- sibly farce the workers back ta wark with resuitant bard-feeling and animosity. But,. let us try ta look an the bright side of the picture. We well remember when Berlin was biocked, the task of suppiying that city by air appeared ta be an insurmountable barrier. Yet, we over- carne that difficulty and iearned* a great deal which will be most valuable in tîme of war. It may be that this railway strike will bring about a similar condition, with Canadian ingenuity finding new ways of overcaming supply difficulties. The lessons which will be learned by inanufacturers and suppliers in the next few weeks, if the strike continues, may Éhow that, in the event of war wben aur railways would be priority targets for enerny bombing, we couid stili carry on the movement of goads and food and other essential supplies. The lessons may be expensive and not altogether satisfac- tory but tbey may be worthwbile later on. jq 25-YEAR-OLD EXPERIMENT THAT PROVED A GREAT SUCCESS This Thursday afternoon many citi- mens from Bowmanville and District will be present ta witness the 25th birthday of the founding of the Ontario Training School for Boys in this town. It is an event which recalis many memories of the earlier days cf the school, of the dif- ficulties experienced by the staff in ob- taining suitable living quarters and in planning workable programis. But it is one experiment wbich bas proved its worth I Its benefits ta mankind. One of the memories which bas braught commendabie comment from the school's Superintendent, W. J. Eastaugh, Is the co-operation and assistance which townspeople bave extended not only ta the staff but ta the boys as well. By tendering these yaungsters a friendly and innderstanding hand wbenever contact with thern was made, by treating them with kindness, the citizens of this com- rnunity have made a definite contribution ta their training. On the other hand, the schooi bas been a real asset ta tbe community. Mvembers of the staff bave not only fitted Into the town's activities, they have been leaders In many of aur arganizations such as the churches, service clubs and the fraternal groups. And the boys. too bave played a real part. Only lait week, it was announced that Boys Training School lads have taken on the task of keeping the wading pool dlean at Memorial Park. Others bave assisted in add jobs tbrough- out the town and still others bave done a noble job in beiping farmers. Sa, It Is with a glad heart that we cf this cornmunity join witb the staff and the boys af the Training Scbool in paying tribute ta the fine work whicb bas been done bere during the past 25 years. May the scbool continue for many years te came its work of redeeming good citizens for Canada. CORN ON THE COB The seasan of the year Is at hand when corn on tbe cob changes from a wlnter's dream ta a summer reality. We an"th-ink ai n% yqno usatry denlight retain all its fiavor. For outdoor enjoy- ment, corn wrapped in cday over its outer husks, and baked in the embers of the fire, is unsurpassed. The covering of clay makes a pressure cooker and the corn cooks ini its own steam. Corn roasts under a September moon will soon be much in favar with the young people, and the cheerful glaw of the bonf ire will feel good in the chili of September nights. Properly speaking, corn is a misnom- er. Wheat was the corn of Egypt, and is stili known as corn in mast parts of Europe. Corn, as we eall it, is Indian maize, and is native ta America, as also is tobacco. It formed the principal food of the Indian long before the white man came to these shores; and the corn bar- vest was a time for rejoicing, and for ceremanial dances of thanksgiving among nearly ail of the aboriginal tribes. WILLS 0F TWO GREAT CANADIANS LEAVE WEALTH TO PUBLIC Publie disclosure of the last will and testament of Canada's most distinguished Prime Minister, the late Mackenzie King, presents opportunity for comment an the disposition of wealth by his hife-long friend and contemporary, the late J. E. Atkinson, native of Durham County and founder of Canada's greatest newspaper publishing enterprise, The Toronto Daily Star and The Star Weekly. Bath men, it seems, viewed the mat- erial gains from devoted work in their respective spheres as a public trust. Their wills were largely identical in that the great residue was bequeathed for public welfare. Looked at dispassionately, des- pite any«dîsparity in details, their ultimate wish was that of public benefaction. Coming right dawn ta cases it would seem that ail the hullabalao about suc- cession duties in the case of Mr. Atkinson bas now lost much of its farce. Whether paid into the public treasury or willed direct for public welfare the public bene- fit ta the f ull extent. The only difference is the amount carning under government contrai which must be put ta public use. And many will maîntain that successful and devoted public figures have a mare keen perception of bow best ta allocate accrued funds than have the paliticians. Public and private benefactians bringing relief ta the unfortunate and help by way of schalarships and sa forth were evident- ly considered by these two eminent Can- adians as matters of first importance in the national econamy. Some dlaim the real character of these two men is best shown in the way in which they have disposed of their estates rather than in any impression they may have created in their lifetirne. REMOVE OLD AGE PENSIONS FROM CATEGORY OF CHARITY It is ta be baped that aur legisiatars at Ottawa give thorough consideratien ta the report recently presented by the corn- mittee on Old Age Pensions. Par from being the "pay as you go" contributory pension system which bas been advocated and prornised, the favored system of the Hause of Commons cam- mittee pravides for financing of aid age pensions on a triple base. There would be a 2%11 tax on payrolls ta be paid by employers, a 2%é extra levy on personal incomes of ail present and a lot of new incarne tax payers as it is pro- posed ta lower tax-exempt incarnes for this purpose, and a vote of sixty-four mil- lion dollars or about $5 per capita out of general revenues. Most Canadians appear ta be in favor of sorne sort of aid age pension plan under which those who either do nat have the will power or the ecanornic means ta save for themselves are made the beneficiaries of state aid. It was hoped, bowever, by many Can- adians that the new plan ta be adopted at Ottawa would put aid age pensions on a sound econornic basîs under which the paenita be paid outxyruld -relmae direct- If we are ta have a national old age pension scheme, it should be removed entirely from the categary of charity. Taxation through payroll - levies should not be misnamed "contributions". The only way we can achieve a contributory system is by adopting equal individuai payments out of earnings as is the British method. Af ter saving the world for demacracy, nobody seems ta know what ta do with it. At Whitby a distillery worker ex- plained ta, a court that he had made a stili "Just ta see if I could do it myself." Yet he was fined $100. Apparentlv there are in Canada forms of private enterprise whiich art not free. The Phiisti'; Dilemma As recently as ffteen years ago called "The Bachelbr's -Dilemma." if yau wanted te get yaurself in-' If yau are one of the 10,000,000 to a fighting -argument ail you who will read the more important1 had ta do was bring up the sub-, national magazines this month, c r1 ject of "The Baflks"- meaning- the two big weekend rotogravurei Canada's system aof chartered papers, you couldn't very well banking. You -could count on miss it. And you shouldn't miss hearing plenty about their aloof4 it. Cailaghan, wlhase fiction fet- ness, their caldnaess, their pre- ches such high prices in the occupation with making every United States that his ýtories are dollar do the work of three, plus seen ail too infrequefftly in Can- interest. Whether or flot such ada, has written a piece which talk was warranted is unimpor- cannot faau ta make anyone who tant today. With well over eight reads it look inward - perhaps million depasit accounts in the with just a littie dismay. The chartered banks, it is pretty ob- illustration, tao, is a departure. viaus that, consciously or sub. Painted by a rising young artist consciously, almost the entire named Don Anderson, it was re- . aduit population of the nation praduced from "the raugh;" that must have confidence in their is, the Bank af Commerce delib- banks. There is also much evid- erately chose ta use Andersan's ence to show that mast people calour sketch rather than follow1 like daing business with them.. the usual practice of insisting on Until recently, however, most a finished ail painting - but we af us had a feeling that banks had understand tliey paid full price remained abatf, austere institu- as for the finished ail. tions, little invalved in the hurly- Why did the Bank ai Commerce burly ai living In Canada, unin- embark on such a publishing ad- terested in aur growing aware- venture? They say, with un- ness of aur own peculiar Canad- daubted sincerity, "because we ianism - aur "nationality": aur liked it." They say further, in speech, customs, dress; arts, let- effect, "who better than a bank ters, sculpture, music and the rest. with hundreds ai branches and On this very subject ai the millions of depositars ta publish banks' alleged aloofness, we were Canadiana - ta encourage and surprised the other day ta, hear a assist aur Canadian writers and respected friend qluestion the artistss0 that they can afford ta value oi that excellent Monthly remain on this side ai the United Letter ai the Royal Bank ai States barder? The Bank of Com Canada, which circulates ta a merce is a part of the very fabî mailing list ai scores of thousands of this country and what we can in Canada and abroad and is one contribute ta Canadian lare it is ai the most quoted ai its kind. aur right - aur duty, even- What has a bank got in its noodie to give." when its Monthly Letter deals Perhaps we are flot used ta with such subjects as the Can- such altruism. Perhaps we are adian family, or "slowing down" nat used ta peaple daing good in the race for security, or the things and seemingly asking national health? Our friend just nothing in return. But in fair-' didn't understand. ness it must be pointed out that But when you think about it, it is anly because we are not why shouldn't the Royal Bank's used ta spich things happening Letter deal with matters ai gen- that we find them a little strange, eral interest? If a bank, or an at first. And in case we are in- insurance company, or any other clined ta thrnk the Bank ai large organization which lives by Commerce is being holier- thain- the service it renders ta people thau about its effective contribu- hasn't gat a right ta be interested tion ta Canadian culture: they're in the public weliare, Who has? not. They should get plenty in And if a bank, or an insurance return, and they must know it. campanv, or any other feels If they keep. up the gaod work, deeply involved in and ta an ex- and if others canr be persuaded ta tent responsible for the national take up the cause af Canadian weal, there is surely nothing arts and letters, we'l aIl have a wrang in shawing it! That way better country - more mature,i is the human way. Be helpful, more progressive, with a definite be constructive wherever yau îndividuality among the nations' can - and don't expect ta, be ai the world, further along the thanked. Chances are you will road ta absolute freedom. be, sooner or later. It may be a long pull for them, That business af expecting but it is aur guess that the Bank credit for what we've dane for ai Commerce is quite well aware athers brings us ta perhaps the that whatever they do for Can- most strikîng example af how the ada in the way ai nation-building chartered banks are eifectively will. in the long run, benefit the spikipg those charges ai unap- bank, too. What they have--done proachability, af austere aloof- is a farm ai aaplied ChristianitY, ness. Perhaps you saw The Cari- if yau like. They have cast their adian Bank ai Commerce's paw- bread upon the waters. If it erful fulI-colour "double-spreads" doesn't came back - Vith inter- featuring a pungent little piece est - we'll be jiggered. Ail of aif fiction by Morley Callaghan u.9, that is. Europes Centuries of Tragedy Being observations from a letter sent the Editor by Dr. and Mrs. L. B. Williamis wha are on a three months' trip thraugh Europe I must apologize, George, for nat dropping you a lihe as sug- gested, but wben I threw dawn a bibi in French money for an or- dinary postage stamp just ta cross the Englisb Channel, say- ing I bad fia cbange#ind was told it wasn't nearly enougb-welb, 1 thought what kjnd aifaldîng money wauld it take ta bath buy a card and a stamp tbat would cross the Atlantic? Paper maney ta me was anywbere from Can- adian dollar value, up, but over here if one casbed a $50 traveil. ers' cheque you woubd have ta carry an extra valise, their money value depreciation is so great. Added ta this, a 1000 lire Italian bill would almost tarpaulin your new Nash. I bave taken a con- trast picture oZ, such ta aur Can- adian two dollar bill wbich latter is wartb considerabiy more. Mrs. William and J1 bave had a revealing two months' taurist trip but aur passport parade continues. Wben I return, my friends wil ask-are the people although now five years aiter the war, stibi in dire need-did their poverty spail your trip-did the bomblng lay whahe cities low and are there bridges stili buckled in the Rbine, the Tiber and the Arno? Wbat dilapidation I must have witnessed in aid London-what aid scrap war material must be stili strewing the cauntryside? Have tbe people realiy any clothes ta wear-wbat about the taîl industrial chimneys with no smoke now -haw despandent does the Frenchman, the Dutch, German, English, Italian, loak? What do ail the people think af Russia? Daes Germany and Itaby realize tbey bave made mistakes? Io the Continent appreciative ai ail the belp America and Canada bave profiered since the war? What ai the Marshall Plan? In short, wbat do you think le the outlook in Europe and wbat about Great Britain? I dan't suppose my opinion an ail these and other alied matters couid ail be correct, spread aver much ai a Continent in a twa months' hurried main hlgbways tour, so I'm haping ta brlng the answers back in pictures which will be factual, rather than as the radio says, "the opinion ai the speaker." iBut, you are anly envying me ithe wonderiul outing you tbink I must be having. How about ail the frustrations aifarelgn long- nages, money values, travel nisko, cbanged diet and climnate, wlth international regulatlong and regimentation, nuisance taxes and sa an? This preamble looks like yau're facing a long drawn out article, but it is ail sunxmed up In one next antenc--"The next time 1 visit Europe, I'rn going ta stay' homne." Ta the Canadian farmer (and ta me he cornes first), th., Eur- opean crops are away better than in Canada, on a smalh scale but intensive and often primitive, with refarestation, frugality and irrigation away ahead af us. The European reallv tends bis vine- yard, every inch ai it, he bas ta. ToahIl Government tourist De-1 partments, ail hotel accommoda-1 tion due ta being much aider1 countries, very much more de-t pendable and yet without Canadi-( an possibilities in motels and ca- bins but longer semsons. Despite wbat aur press bas said about the crowded European Holy year taurist travel, I know it is not sa, and right now hotels are complaining. Europe bas seen its best days af America's taurist maney. As I write thîs far in the city ai Nice, loaking out ai aur 12 it. double door room windows on the blue Mediterranean, there is miles af beach, gorgeons hotels, eight rods wide ai promenade with thousands ai chairs, umbrel- las (for it is realiy bat), long pa- godas, rows ai palm trees, acacia, sycamare, centre boulevard ai zenias and marigolds, aleanders everywhere in bloom, wide two- lane driveway and one woubd think that ail Nice's 700,000 people were at night either in the water or reiaxlng an the promenade and ahl with mountain horizon close-in. This is bow sorry yau can feel for anytbîng I have seen. It just makes we Canadians look like pikers. True it is that these great and many hotels were pre-war or rebult since with Riviera maney, lots ai it af Englisb Lqrds and Russian Grand Dukes-now no more. Huge bus coaches groaning aver mountain passes with con- ducted tours are many but noth- îng seems crowded even wben 80,000 people in St. Peter's were granted a passing laok and kindby individual national remarks by His Holiness the Pape in Rame hast Saturday. Everybody remarks, "You don't see a shabbily dressed persan any- where," But same people are living in dug-outs In the bibis and sheil haies ruins. Sa they would in Canada with the bous- ing shortage, only we haven't any hales and it's sa hot I'd like ta be in one rigbt now. There is no relative scarcity of shap goads, autos, gas, rebuibding supplies or workmen. I don't think the peasant in outlying parts is more than making a living but it was worse before the war and in -a measure causative. Ail govcrnments, in restrictions, ta hear the people tahk and illu- strating with instances, U. N. or otherwise, are bath vexatiaus and getting us nowbere, this seems ta be a world cycle. Do the variaus peaples like Arnerica? That is a $64 question but they certainby do bike aur money and Europe is stili Europe. 0f ail places I have visited, Rame is tiie city eternally beautiful. It has been fascinating ta hob-nob with the centuries before the Christian era, and fram it I do realize mankind bas learned noth- ing from civilization. With a conducted tour sucb as we are on, my cameras bave long- cd for many settings that the speeding coach and otherwise minded party would nat want ta be held up for, or at least I feel that way about it, but neverthe- hess arn returning with (I hope) several thausand technicolor re- alities of Europe since tbe days af Pompeii, thru the pageantry of Empires' rise and fali, vain glory, rehigiaus persecution and adoration and the bell let loase af the two greatest world wars of ail time. As I conclude this better I arn sitting on the top ai the world- the apex ai Europe-in tbe Alps- in the 42,000 city ai Lucerne on S'w,ýitzérland's National Day, Aug- ust lst, amid the spantaneity associated with national and Can- ton flags and streamers, gay na- tional costumes and the story of William Tell, the Swiss national hero, although ta you Canadians he only shot the appie off the boy's head witb bis bow and ar- ro w. Sail for home irorn Liverpool, Sept. 15. We are bath standing the trip well. I came on this trip ta get my own impressions af Europe in contrast ta rcading« press political bla-bla. To offset this, nature, uiherever one trav- els, is wonderfui. I aiten think' it is the interplay of the vision and the spiritual in one that in nature is so enthralling. Trust you haven't become friv- obuts with yaur new Nash. It is prabably the best Statesman yau have yet met. With kind regards from bath. L. B. Williams. BPENDING AS YOU GO By Joseph Lister Rutledge There is something about being elected ta parliament, and stili more about acbieving cabinet rank that daes things ta the wis- dam and madesty of naturally capable and modest men. In- dividuals, who wauld readiby re- cagnize that a wlde experience ai business and a full knowledge ai its peculiar circumstances are essential ta its sound direction, as 'gavernment off icials do nat bestitate ta step in where more thoughtful angels wouid fear ta tread. Qne must admit a certain hes- itant admiration for the adroit- ness ai the move ta force mare ai the profits ai industry into in- vestor's hands. Patentiy it was not for lave ai the investor. It was quite clear that further tax- ation of industries' profits wouid meet with stiff apposition so that same other way ai acbieving the same end bad ta be found. These adroit paliticlans quickly recognized that if these profits were in the bands ai the invest- ors, they couid there be efiec- tively taxed with less disapproval. The reason, ai course, was that, whatever the tax, the investor would have an unexpected resi- due remaining. This adroit and deviaus course by whicb management was joc- keyed into a position, where oap- position, ta the proposai would lay them open ta the criticism ai their stockbolders, defeated the purpose ai management. The ef- ficîency ai a Board ai Directors is reflected in the success ai an aperation. The decisions ai the directors resuit from the long look ai men familiar with the business warid, conversant with conditions under wbich it must aperate, and in close touch with the particular operation. Selected by the sharehoiders by reason ai confidence in their integrity and efficiency, their powers are stili curbed by the ability ai the stockhoider ta recail them, shouid they base that confidence. But the wisdam ai government stepped in ta make ail these safe- guards af na avail. Ini the face ai the decision ai experience that, the uncertainty af the future, the unprediqtable char- acter ai labor's renewing de- mands, the fluctuation ai inven- tory prices, the necessary lm- pravements, replacements and additions in plant and equipmenti demanded substantial reserves, the goverament said "No! Spend your money." True, that le the customary attitude ai govern- ments. But. iaced with unex- pected demands, governments can always assess the public. Business and industry must earn its profits, its reserves and its secnrity. It is yet within the bounds ai possibility that gavernment may discaver that forcing ont the i in- ancial reserves that it had seem- ed wise ta set up was flot the course ai wisdam. It may yet be proved that such action bas nat been in the larger interests ai industry, ai the shareholder, ai the worker, af the public a0' ai the government. Alllose wh. the foundatians ai any Industr?" became insecure, because ade. quate protection bas been denied. There is na fit search aiter trutb wbich does not, iirst ofai a, begin ta live the truth which it knows.-Horace Bushnelb. Up fo Whose Ner".- in Whai? SURE, there was a fire at bis bouse yesterday but he's smiling. Why? Because he was adequately lnsured: WiIi you be smiling ta- morrow if Fire strikes to- night? Make yaur answer a heanty "Yes" by seelnt us for adequate insurance to- day! Stuart R. James» INSURANCE - REAL ESTATE 'Phone: Office 681 Res. 493 King Street, Bowmanville . ÀM À N m0N NG THE OPENING 0F OFFICES, for tF PRACTICE 0F OPTOMETRY by KEITH A. BItLLETT COMPLETE VISUAL ANALYSES VISUAL TRAINING GIVEN Office Hours:- 9:00 a.m. ta 6:00 P.m. (Evenings by appaintrnent) 74 KING STREET W. BOWMANVILLE TELEPHONE -3252 ai O/e-i You'II find the cost of telephone service bas flot gone up as much as most other things you buy. 4 -~a~ -- ' A J t THE BELL TELEPI Any way you look at if your telephone is B~ IG VALUE - --- ---- -- --- --- -- - Even with recent rate increases, your telephone etili caste no littie; it remains one of the smallest items in your family budget. And it gives yau so muéh. In moments of urgent need, its convenience and speed may be beyond prie. In terme of day-to.day usefuiness it mean. more than ever before; twice ae many people are within reach of your telephone today as there were ten ycars aga. Telephone value bas steadiiy increased. Today, as always, your telephone i. big value ,ONE COMPANY 0F CANADA -17wqj &&AM - if you jpj WAITWO Polt A liluphtmi, v fa, - C'ad. of murancs ,bat you will ý2v@ it lust aS qgký'y os .rv;ce, you he'" ou, a Mary facilitiés. Our contln%,Io Cool ls ta pe>ce- «. con pro"kle "* noce it, whon and where they wo"t it, vide the kind of servke ta ali Who wont 1