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TRE fMfADIAN ITATESMAN. EOWMANVILLE. ONTAR?.O TIflYRS., SEP1EM~~~, 14, lU %Ie arobim fflaeggmauà Uablshed 1654 wtth which te laeorporated The EawmanvW*e 4w,.Th* Newcatle Indffadnt and Th* Oreno Nowa 95 Years Continuous Service ta the TOwnU of Bawmanville and Durham County ANV INDEPENDENT NEWSPAPER Audit Bureau A & f circulation» * Canadian SUBSCRIPTON RATES $2.50 a Year. atrictiy in advance $3.00 a Yoar in the United States Publithod hy THE JAMES PUBLISHING COMPANY Authaiized as Second Clate Mail Post Office Depaxtmient. Ottawa. Bowrnanville, Ontario GEO. W. JAMES, Enzrot "KNOW YOUR GOVERNMENT" Every Canadian should have a. gen- eral knowledge of how the government operates, because every Canadian of vot- ing age has the opportunity of taking a hand in running the country, The Can- adian Chamber of Commerce declares in a new publication "Know Your Govern- ment,' issued this month. "The function of government is reaching deeper and deeper into our lives every year," the Chamber publication says. "The work of government gets more complicated every day. But there are a few fundamental facts about our political way of doing things which stili remain true, and they are worth review- ing now and again." The bookiet "Know Your Govern- ment" covers some of these facts in broad outline, dealing with the Canadian Con- stitution, relations between the Dominion and the Provinces, the functions of Parlia- ment, the Cabinet and the Courts. The duties of the Governor General, the Senate and the House of Commons are examined, and the machinery of passing a law. A short outline of the work of the various government departments is given, and a brief survey of provincial and local governments. Lists of Cabinet rnembers, and members of the House of Commons and the Senate are also included. In announcing publication of the *bookiet, the President of the Canadian Chamber, Robert A. Bryoe, commented: "The strongest protection for democracy *is an informed electorate. The votera must be informed on the issues of the day, but equally important, they should understand how the democratic machinery of govern- ment works. The Canadian Chamber is trying with this bookiet to provide a popular, short outline of Canada's gov- ernmental processes. There are, of course, some excellent scholarly studies In this f ield, but nat, we believe, enouigh works suitable for wide popular distribution. We hope that "Know Your Government" will stimulate wider interest in how de- mocratic government works in thîs country." WHAT ARE URBAN FOLKS DOING * IN LEISURE BOURS ? Recently the editor of the Acton Free Press visited relatives and friends who are farming in various parts of Ontario and he makes these editorial observations. It was great to hear of the general good crops and bright prospects of the present season. It was nice to note too that build- ings were belng repaired, repainted and there was a general air of prosperity in the farming business. Stock was good and generally in Ontario, farming seemed a good business. There was another note we couldn't overlook. Often our visits were on Satur- day afternoon and sometimes on Sunday. These are days when factory workers and townsfolk are flot working. On the farms THE VOICE 0F RURAL CANADA Ont of the casualties cf tht rail strike was the annual convention of the Can- adian Weekly Newpapers Association of *which this newspaper is a member. Tht convention, now at least temp.- orarily pastpontd, would have.made few ýIheadlines, even in tht press of the hast *province. But that dots not mean it would not 'have been important. Tht very fact that the representatives of over f ive hundred newspapers, repre- stnting commrunities large and small from British Columbia ta Newfaundland. take time out for a get-together is in itself big news. .Annual conventions of the Canadian Weekly Newspapers Association are a form of Dominion-Provincial confererîce minus the constitutional problems. They are meetings of minds at which common and uncommon problems are explored by men and women whose job it is ta work with opinion. Weekly newspaper editors are impor- tant people, even if they do say so themn- selves. They are important not because of who they are but because across tbefr desks flow the cross-currents of commun- ity life at a level at which it can be inter- preted relatively accurately. From the editorial and news columas of the weekly newspapers of Canada can be galned a sure insight inta the inner workings of the nation at the grass roots level.. The town and village press is a true ref lector and a true ligbt, interpreting and guiding. It is a Gallup poîl whose accur- acy has neyer been questioned. Publishing' a weekly newspaper is, indeed, a much bigger and mare impor- tant business than most of its editors be- lieve. TIMELY TIP ON SUCCESS If you wish ta be respected; if you want better-tasting food, and clothes thàt will make others sullen with chagrin at not being as well dressed as you - read your newspaper, suggests the New Leas- kard Herald. Just read it. This is a short and pain- less process, for, unlike most schoo]. text books, your newspaper is devised ta be quickly and easily read. And your news- paper costs you nothing, net. You make a prof it on the deal, if you actually do read your paper. The profit cames in knowledge that brings respect, and brings more money too, for that wide range of commadities, like food and clothing, you can get with money. There are silly things in yotir news- paper. Politicians from time ta time as- sert that there are inaccurate reportings. of statements. Sin and suffering take up a lot af space. But if you are one who reads his newspaper ably, you dodge through the traffic of troubles, though pausing mayhap over a triviality, like Abraham Lincoln over a joke. You know a lot if you read your paper. You are the fellow in the crowd who knows when the House sits, when the tide turns, how The Racket is doing, what's the matter with the Fair Deal, and where you can get a chair leg fixed. One who keeps on Xbsorbing newvspapers,, breathing them in regularly, accumulates a lot of little and big bits that mount up to quite a lot of understanding about things. Will Rogers was that kind. He did not have the advantage of a college education. All he knew was what he read in the papers. The next time some- body complains that he neyer had a chance te get an education, set him on the high- road ta success by staking him ta a year's subscription ta a newspaper. TWO-WAY TOURIST TRADE Extent af Canada's tourist industry is well illustrated by the. Dominion Bur- éau of Statistics' latest travel report. * In 1949 it is estimated that tourists In Canada spent $286 million or an amaunt equal ta $20 for every man, woman and child In the nation. 0f the total, aur American friends contributed $268 million or 94 percent. Among the visitors from the United States, expenditures by motorists made up 54 percent of the total; train taurists just under 20 percent; those on boat cruises 6 percent; bus travellers 9 percent; and aero- plane tourîsts 7 percent. U.S. tourists travelling by car spent an average of $125 each; those by train $96 each; those by boat $51 each; those by bus $136 each. All Canadian provinces have shared in the benefits of the tourist trade al- though in 1949 it is estimnated that Ontario, with the most extensive' advertising pro- motion, secured 55 percent, Quebec 18 percent and British Columbia Il percent. It is somewhat disturbing ta note, however, that the rapid growth in the ex- ternal taurist trade of the Dominion which increased f rom $166 million in 1945 ta $280 million in 1948, bas been on the declîne in the last two years, the jump from 1948 ta 1949 being less than would be offset by the declining value of the dollar. Again, these latest statistics prove that while aur tourist trade is great, it is still in the infant stage. For example, in 1949 Canadians spent $192 million for travel outside the Domin- ion, an expenditure equal ta $14 per cap. ita, of which $164 million was spent in the United States. On a per capita basis, U.S. expend- iture on tourist travel in Canada was about $1.66 while Canadian expenditure on tourist travel in the United States was $11.75, or over seven tîmes as great. More- over, Canadian travel in the U.S.A. is inereasing rapidly while U.S. travel here is declining. But it looks as though we have a lot of qelling ta do yet before thîs U.S.-Can- adian tourist trade aperates on an even Tbursday, September 17, 1925 TWENTY-FIVE YEARS AGO Gea. W. McLaughln, Oshawa, presents fine new brick parson- age ta Eaniskillen United Church as a memorial ai bis boyhood days spent i the biiltop village. Fred W. Bowen, sittlng memi- ber, was unanimously chosen Con. servative candidate in the cam- iag Federal election for Durham County. Vincent Massey, Toronto, Presi- dent of Massey-Harris Co. Ltd., has been made a miaister withoat portfoiio in the Mackenzie King Cabinet. It is suggested Mr. Mas- sey be offered the Liberàl nom- ination for Durham County la the comi.ng eiectian. Wesley R. Allia, Lakeshore West, has a record wheat crap, averaging 60 bushels ta the acre, Dr. F. C. Trebilcock has been elected President of Toronto Western Hospital Clinical Society. Rase Shortt and Wm. McCart- aey, representing Tyrone Y.P.S. *on the Inter-District Young People's Society Debate laureis bY defeatiag Oshawa, Millbrook and Lindsay. Eari Cunningham xvas appoint- cd Physicai Director at the Boys' Tralala gSchooi. The Elliott Block at Hampton was destroyed by fire early Sat- urday maraing. September Weddings-Kendal L. Doîl and Margaret Turner were married in Peterborough on Sep- tember 8 . . . Lloyd Crago and M. E. Stella Jeffery were marricd at Maple Grave on Sept. 8... Wmi. E. Crydermnan and Lyda Taylor were married at Hamp- ton on Sept. 14. FIFflr VEARS AGO Thursday, September 12, 1900 Hon. Sydney Fisher, Federai Minister af Agriculture, wiil open West Durham Fair this Friday.1 .0 I tht wedding report af J.1 Shirley Denison and Maude B. Fairbairn wbicb took place la St. Paul's Presbyterian Church on September 5th, a complete list of wedding gits with names af danars was published, taking ov- er a columri ai apace. Resideats af south-western Dar- Iington are promised a new poat office. Soundg 1k. a pre-election promise. Robert Beith, M.P.. was a heavy prize winner with bais backney at the Industrial Exhibition in To- ronto. Victoria Hockey Club af Win- nipeg sent a beautiful wreath ai flowers ta be placcd on the grave in Bowmanviiie Cemetery of their late Comrade Fred Higgiaboth- am. J. C. Vanstone was elected lot Vice-Presiderit of the Dominion Millers' Association. Miss McTavish has decided ta retire fram the millinery bus- iness. Bertha Tamblyn and Nellie Hall have been awarded lst Class Se- nior Lcaving Certificatesanad Jea- aie McLaren Matricuiatioa- stand- ing by Univcrsity of Toronto. Levi Talc will bold an auction sale ai furaiture on thé market square an Saturday aiternoon. T. H. Everson, Oshawa, bas pur- chased the Lockhart grain elevat- or at Newcastle. H. F. Hunter bas apened a braach law office ia Frank Hawk- in's Hotel at Blackstock. Newcastie-Minnie Lovekin is tcicgraph operator in Scobell Drug Store. Solina-Some foreigners camp- cd at Tamarack Swanip. May thcy soon rcach their destination. Orono-Lena Moment bas re- turned from Limoges. France, where she bas been for two years furthering her studies. Henry Morgan Viéws the Press Henry Morgan, a sardonlc, sometimes misguided but aiways honest man, lumnbered ta his feet before reporters, coiumnists, edi- tars and pubiishers at the annuai dinner of the New Yark Chapter af Sigma Delta Chi. the national journaiistic fraternity. and de- liv~ered a speech. It lasted all of a minute and a half, a fine length for a speech, and it was a fine speech... "I was asked here this even- ing," said Mr. Morgan, "mainly because it's comman knowiedge that 1 am an autharity on this stuff. A number of people here work an newspapers. That isn't nearly as bad as what I do. I have ta read them. Some people produce radio programs. 1 have it much worse than they do. 1 work for them-newspapers and radia--the twa greatest Iniuen- ces of' aur time, 1 figure. You see before you the creature$.iou have made. I amn the average warped nman. "Because of you people in this room I believe Owen Lattimore is a Communist. I aiso believe he is flot a Communist. Because of you people I believe F. D. R. was a genîus and also that he ruined the country. 1 believe that there is more crime in this country than ever before and that aur police are the best in the world. 1 believe that Eisen- hower wouid make a great Presi- dent except that I have read that rilitary men don't mnake goad Presidents and besides he wiii run if enough pressure is brought, he wihI flot run, he can't run, he refuses ta run, he doesn't want the job, yau can talk him into it, he's tryiag very bard ta make it look as thougb he doesn't want it, he's happy at Columbahs miserable, he's got a coldi, be feels great. 'You have'madc it possible for me ta take f ive cents and buy, la anc package, a new picture al Presideat Truman, my horoscope for the day, 15 comic strîpsanad the stock market reports. And I've rend some terrible things about you. You wýork for money. Advertising dictates your plcy. The department stores dictate your editorials. Don't you think you'd be happier wlth some oth- cr ,;ysteni? Wouldn't it be nicer ta have a bureau of some kind supervise your work? Then, if the bureau didn't like it, you cauld adjust or get kilied. "Stili in ahl, it's better than having people point at you and say: 'There's a man who works for money.' Somnehow it's gettiag ta be veryun-American ta work for money. It's aiso un-Ameni- can nat ta work and ta hîve an uaemploymcnt lasurance. It's un-American ta have social secur- ity and it's un-American ta have such a small amouat ai social security. I strangly suspect that this is ail your fauit. "In short, you people la this roomn have put me, the average man, la a peculiar position. I now have ta make up my mmid for myseif. As long as you keep doiag that, as long as you keep forcing the man ln the street ta make up bis mind for bimseif, that's as long as wc'il have the only working defiaition ai de- mocracy that's warth a dama. "Thank you" Decadence of Canada's Parliameni As Seen hy Eminent Journalisi (Bruce Hlutehison ln the ,Winnipeg Fre Press) The Eastern press bas conduct- cd a vigorous littît debate on why we cannot attract better men inta, the Canadian Pariiament. This la useful and hcalthy but generally misses the real point. Tbe most popuiar meth'od pto- posed ta improve Parliamnent is ta pay its members JhIghier sal- aries which, it la said, would lure ablc mca out ai private business into public service. But this Is too easy and taa simple. Prab- ably parliamentarians are flot paid enough now, considering tht bigh level ai taxes which they have themselves imposed. and tht high cost ai living which la mainly tht result af their policies. However, nitre financial rewards aad a comiortable lufe la Ottawa will not get thc mca we want in Parliament. Thcy are much mare likely ta make Parliament a kind af exclusive' club for pro. fessionals and isolate it even fur- ther frani the ardinary life ci the people. The real reasan that the best ability ai the country usually does nat go inta Parliament is flot financial. It is that an able young mian, quite rightly, dots not see la Parliament a reasonable chance ai an intcresting lufe. Young mca go enthusiastically into many professions which, by officiai figures, pay less than tht salaries ai panliamentarians. They go there because they set the chance ai excitement, self-ex- pression, adveature. They would have ta be extraordiaary roman- tics indeed if they cauld sec that chance in aur present Parliament. Yet the chance wau once there. A quarter ai a century ago, when this observer first saw Panlia- ment, it was stili a pretty exciting place. Wbat bas happened ta re- duce it ta its present state af do- cility, mediocrity and boredani? Several thiags have happened. The maut obviaus is tht prolier- sting growth of tht executive authanity. bath in Cabinet and Civil Service - a phenomenon comman alal demacratic coun- tries. Parliameni hbu been dwanfed by tht Goverament and its experts until it is na langer a legisîntive body as that ttrm w4s once understood but a debat- irig forum which bricfly discuss- ta and then approveà a gavera- nient palicy, vtry aiten the policy ai an able civil service. This la due la part ta the graw- ing compiexity ai aur society and tht Gavernment's interventions in it, until Parliament bas almost given up tht attempt ta under- stand what tht Government is doing fram day ta day. It la due, again, ta the lait war la which, by general constat, the Government was given almost unlimited authonity and thus bas got into a dangerous habit of te- taiaing and uslng it, as far as possible, la peacetime. It lu alsa' due ta tht complac- ency and stase ai omniscience in a Government which bas been la office so long and won s0 maay elections, thraugh the blunders ai its opponents, that It can bard- ly imagine that it can eler be wrang about anytbing. But a mnuch larger praces'la at work ta undermine tht authanity. tht excitement and tht appeal af Parliaiment. We are living la an intellectual revolution through- out the world. Ia the course af it political parties have lait their own bearings and have yet ta discover new anti. la Canada tht Liberal Party, once tht enemny af state interven- tions, bas become more and more tht advocate and agent ai the wtlfare state, but has neyer yet paused ta cansider where it is gaîng, prccisely what it la tryi.ng ta do or what central principle it is following. Tht Conservative Party, hav- ing abandoned its conservative principles. bas hardly been con- cerned with principler. ai any .5ort but oaly witb cantriving a policy which, however inconsîstent with its history, Will samebow bring it back ta office. And the orig- inal vague dreama aand protests af the C.C.F. have been leit far behind in the march et events. Hence Parliameat lacks clear DrinciDits, clear abjectivez and In the Dim and Distant Pas!, From T1%0StatlmmaO The Younger Set There are aver 750,000 scbool childrea la Ontario, and aithough five or six bundred schoola bave been built since 1945, cias. room capacity la stîli far from adequate. In Brampton, sanie High Scbool students' will attend lectures at tht Legion Hall. Trenton's stu- dent body, 2,000 strong, ls ne- carded as being the largest in its histary. !"Temporary roams," writes the Courier-Advocate, "have been set up la almost every school. Tren- tan High School wili have a new cîas room lin the auditorium, wbile College Street Public School bas added twa more rooms in the basement ta take care ai the influx." Locahly, the Bowmanville Board af Education bas proposed a $56,000 four-room addition ta On- tario Street School, which pro.ý perty owners wiil vote on la the farthcoming municipal election la December. At present, sanie classes are staggered and rooms are overcrowded. Some subjects are belng taught la hastily pre- pared gymnasiums. Auguat 28 Reports Toalal Roy Rogers fans. On Saturday August 26, a seven- pouad d aghter was bora ta ac- tress Dale Evans, wîfe ai tht cowboy actar whose radio stint at 6 p.m., Sunday eveaings fes- tures the concluding sang: "May the Good Lord Take a Likin' ta Yau." A United Press dispatch on August 28th credits the North Korean army with usiag tear gas mines la their ail-aut battie ta oust U.N. troops from the Asiatic peninsula. Homeeomlng An 84-year-old Yorkshire wam- an arrived home irom Australia recently, carrying her faithful umbrella. On aÉrival at Brad- fard she said: 'I've travelled 50,000 miles and there's been no' rain." You gucssed it ... It raind ian Yorkshire the day she got back. Honsemade Hay Drier Tht Chilliwack Progress reports that an ingenlus Canadian living at 208 Trans-Canada Higbway East, bas invented a hay drier the principle ai whîch is "simple." Tht system consiasuoai"a twin unit fan that blôws air through a' main duct doen tht aide o a a barn loft. Laterals reach eut acrosa the floor. These laterals are long upside-down troughs, raised off the floor about an inch ta let the air corne out and up through the hay. The inventar lays the bales an top af and alonguldethe lpteral ductu sa that the air, ta escape, must pass them. He has learned that really wet hay cannat be dricd. -We tried it," he said, "and had top mueh spoilage." * 0e* Statlstice The _Chambal hydro eiectric project ini Mad.hya Bharat stati% India, pay maie labourert one and one-haîf rupees a day. %Womeil earn one rupee. But donkeys used ta carry stanes to the con- struction site, are hlred by the gaverament ' at two rupees (42 cents) a day. Last year Canada, Including Newfoundland, exported about $100,000,000 af fisherlei productI4 making Canada the world'a le&d. Iing fish-cxporting countrv. skoppL.14d~I Yes, I really enjoyed rny shopping tnip-I bought al the thingg I saved for!1 That's the way I plan my bigger pu.rchases. They seem to corne easier, and more quickly, when I put som ething into the hank regularly. I like the comforting feeling of watching rny account grow. I hate keeping too much cash around the house. It's so convenient to have the bank take care of it. And my bank book tells me where I stand. I guess most women are much like me- housewives with modest savings who find their neighborhood bank handy, useul... always obliging. SPONSORED DY YOUR BANK 41> ,novements which excite the pub- lic and draw meni of imagination into politics. *If these thlngs were present, as they used Io be mn simpler days,' there would be no difficu itjý -about finding good candidates. Wihatever trNe wages, men would flock ta PâÏliament ta fight for causes dear'ta them. Today such causes are biurred and confused; no man really knowa what any Party stands for; principle3 -are submerged in the day-to-day minutiae of gavern- ment and, so long as a garlsh boom makes the public prasper- ous and government easy. we get aiong weil enough. Easy times neyer bred great poitical causes. It is orily In hard times that a democracy sits down ta consider where it is going and creates par,- ties whlch move In.known direc- tions. The easy times, of course, are fictitiaus. They may be easy here, thanka ta a boom, but if we look beyond aur national incarne in Canada we see that as a mem- ber of the free world community Canada faces a desperate emner- gency. The most slerious indict- ment of aur politicians is that, with a few exceptions like !vfr. Pearson, they, do flot dare ta face othis emergency or even ta admit it to the public. Under ail these conditions-a Lboom on one hand which acta as a narcotic and, on thé other an inteilectual revolution which ob- literates the aid reliable land- marks-we do not receive a clar- ion cail from Pariament. We hear rather a profound snore. When Parliament la aroused, as it muAt be sooner or later by problems which can no longer be fobbed off, when a competent op- position arrives with policies of its own, when Parliament once more asserts its authority over the executive and becomes the real power of the land instead of a convenient.rubber stamp, then the genius of Canada wvill flow into it again and flot before. Not wages but ideas wiil restore the parliamentary system ta its aid heaith. Odds - 'n' - Ends Bonanza A bartender In a northern On- tario hotel is reported ta have sold the most expensive glass of beer in tap-room history. Recent- )y, a customer gave him a Ger- man thaler dated 1784, for a glass of suds, and then left. The. bartender didn't notice the odd coin until the imbibing patron vacated the place. Now, he esti- mated its value at $17. A $16.90 tip isn't bad even ln these Inflationary times. Congratulations "Mac" Donald MacDonald, 33-year-old Scotch-Canadian and recent jour- nalism graduate at Ottawa's Car- leton Coilege, is reported ta have joined the staff of the Renfrew Mercury. Congratulations ta the Mercury. "Mac," sometimes cali- ed "The Grand Oid Man of Jour- journalism graduates schooled by nalismn '50," is another of the 32 vaded the 4th estate and the en- Wilfrid Eggieston that has in- vied atrncsphere of back-shop printer's ink. Bewlldered Beverend A minister in Ickham, Engiand, is faced with the prabiem of giv- ing something away for nothing ta people who don't want any. As administrator of a local charity, the Reverend is slightly red-faced because he cannot fui- fi the duties of his administra- tive job. The 300-year-old char. ity was set up ta provide red flannel petticoats for needy par- ishioners. If a diamond as large as a basebali were ever found, it would robably be worth about 200 million dollars. But it would nfit only the persan who owned it. The amnount of money which the life insurance companies in Canada invest each year on behaîf of their policyholders is large enough ta buy such a diamond! But this money is in- vested in ways which benefit every Canadian. It is put ta work to help build new schools, power plants, high- ways, industrial plants, homes and rnany other vitally important constructions. In aIl these ways it pramates progress and helpa create jobs in communities throughout the nation. Thus life insurance works for everyone twro ways. It helps raise living standards. And it provides securily by building incarne for a"Id a ge and protection for familles. Today nearly 5 million Canadians are creating this security for themsclves and their families the life insurance way! The LIFE INSURANCE COMPANIES în Canada and thoir Represontativez WORKCING FOR NATIONAL PROGRESS B UILDING PERSONAL SECURITY L-4500 I THE CANADUN STATESUM, BOWMANV=Z, ONTAIL 0 171qu S.,« SEPIMMIM 14, -nu' PAIMP. q9m