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PAGE TWO THZ CA1~ADIAN STATESMAY, EOWMANVILLE, ONTARTO ?HTIRSDAY. OCTOBI~R Mh. i~i oIe aman fi bhte9mu Butablished 1854 *%th whicb ain aacrporated Mm. eowmanvill. kNews. Th N.ycatl. indepeadeat aad The. Orcao News 95 Yeara Continuous Service tb the Town ci Bowmanville and Durham County AN INDEPENDENT NEWSPAPER Member Audit Bureaua ci circulations Canadian le Association SUBSCRIPTION RATES $2.50 a Y.ar, strictly in advance 03.00 ci Year in thec United States Publlsbed by nR JAMES PUBLISHING COMPANY Authorized amsSecond Clas Manl Post Office D.pa-mont. Ottawa. Eownianyilie, Ontario GEO. W. JAMES, ErnrouR FARM FEDERATIONS ONLY AS STRONG AS WEAKEST LINK As recent disputes demonstrate, Can- adian Labour Unions have found that be- sides the strength they derive fromn unity, their bargaining power is only as strong as the weakest link in their chain of Locals. To be effective in negotiation or arbitration, Unions are dependent upon the activity, enrolment and unity of com- posite organizations. What bargaining agent does the farmer support? The answer could be the Federation of Agriculture, but at present that organ- ization is flot buit upon a solîd foundation of farm unity. Technically, in fact, it re- presents a mere handful of people who are interested enough to devote their val- uable timne to Federation and Forum work. One brick does flot make a chimney, but fifty bricks mortared together form a strong base upon which to build. On a parallel basis, each farmer is a component part of one brick. Putting many parts together in a Farm Forum provides a sturdy unit. Mortar Farm Forums to- gether with understanding, inter-co-oper- ation and common cause, and a solid base emerges upon which Agricultural Federa- tions can build a Provincial and National strength. Statistics show that over 17 per cent of our national population, approximately a million and a haîf people, is rural. Unit- ed in a common organization they could become the strongest Union in Canada. It is imperative if f armers are to have an effective bargaining agent, that Farm Forums be actively supported flot only by financial aid, but by the more important element, active participation. At present, the Durham Federation of Agriculture is anxious to have farm people take an active interest in the 16 Forums throughout the County. To sit back and "leave it to the other fellow" is flot adding the strength of your part of the brick to the foundation upon which a strong and effective Farmer's Union can be built. Strong Farm Forums mean effective County Federations which in turn support the Provincial which, as a tenth part of a National Federation, can either add to or detract from the bargaining power of the organization responsible for the particular interests of each Canadian farmer. Without a strong, united Farm Forum base, however, a Farmer's Union of this nature can neyer hope to be effective as a bargaining agent. NOIV IS THE TIME TO ACT Prime Minister St. Laurent's state- ment'in the House of Commons to the ef- fect that Canada will flot send troops to Europe 'at this time" may touch off a time bomb that will reverberate round the world. Wehae usrsrvveUte.osdad stili fight for freedom but not alone - atone it is already hopeless. Western Europe has already suffered some of the worst bombings of the last war - it is physically impossible for it to survive such devastation again. No longer can we say Ildon't worry - w~e will liberate you." Lib- eration only means more bombing and devastation, invasion and disruption. OnIy the strongest unity and prompt- es t action on the part of the Atlantic Pact countries can hold Europe together and thus show a great enough strength to hold off the greedy Soviets, and deter them from mass warfare now. With Europe overrun it is not too much to expect that the American Con- tinent would come under constant bomb- ardment and be the next enemy on the list at the Kremlin. Now is the tirne to take big steps to show greatness. Canada can nfot1 must flot lag behind. YOU SHOULD LIKE RECEIVING A BILL Receiving a bill in the mail is some- thing which is rather disliked by many people. But there is another side to it as is set forth here from a contemporary: "It is an honour to receive a bill. In- stead of getting all riled up when the mail brings you a statement of account, you should be genuinely pleased. For the bill is an indication that someone has faith in your honesty. "If you neyer receive a bill, it would indicate that your credit is worthless, and think no one is willing to take your word that you wîll pay. "Credit is the most valuable thing a person can have. Money may be had by various means, but credit comes only from years of honesty and prompt meeting of bills when due. When you pay a bill, you are merely being honest. "When you receiye a bill, then, meet it if you possibly cari. If you can't frankly tell your creditor why you can't. You'Il f ind him more than ready to meet you halfway. "Cherish your credit as you do your health, happiness, and other priceless boons equally rare and elusive." FARMERS AND PYJAMAS The United States Department of Agriculture appears to have gone off the track the other day when it issued a 192- page booklet entitled "Men's Preferences Among Clothing Items." The publication which $100,000 to produce, covered a great deal of ground relating to men's wearing apparel, and one chapter was devoted to pyjamas. It gave such valuable inform- ation as: "Rich men have more pyjamas than poor men; "Pyjamas are worn more in cold clim- ates than warm climates; "The more educat ed the man the more likely he is to sleep in pyjamas; "More men between the ages of 30 and 54 wear pyjamas than those in the lower and higher brackets." Interesting data, but what has that to do with agriculture and those who pursue that avocation? We always thought farmers wore nightgowns. -St. Thomas limes-Journal. PROGRESS IS DOWN NOT UP In the recent rail strike ane union leader is quoted as saving that the com- panies were unwilling to permit their workers to participate in the higher rev- enues xvhich would flow from Canada's increased industrial prosperity. That sort of thing sounds fine. It is right that every Canadian should be better off as the nation as a whole develops. But there is a major fallacy in the idea that constantly rising wages in one industry, no matter how large or how important, benefit the nation as a wvhole, or that any one industry has a prior right to tap our national wealth. Canada and Canadians will enjoy greater prosperity in the world as our techniques and resources permit us to lower real prices, to produce and deliver goods and services for a constantly lower expenditure of manpower. From 1890 to 1947 statisticians and economists tell us that the share of the manufacturer's dollar in this country ab- sorbed by direct wages and salaries varied hardly at ail. It was 21.3'i in 1890 and 20.7%ýý in 1947. And as a matter of fact the percent- age share of the dollar gaing to "direct labor" at a low of 19.9%ý in 1927 and at a high of 23.9</ý in 1932 in the depths of the depression. In other words when prices were fali- ing, the employees got a large share of the total dollar sales of their employers. Moreover the wages they received bought more. Some day perhaps we will realize that we as individuals and as a nation make more progress' by reducing prices by more The day seems past when reliance may be placed upon moral suasion to cor-* rect the excesses of the alcoholic prob- hem. Eimination of the habit of consump- tion entirely, is no longer looked upon as practical. The new approaçh is to in- stitute methods which will cure the ex- cessive and abusive use of alcohol through treatment of its victims as mental and physical patients. Encouraging results are already on record. Educational methods to impress the dangers of excessive drinking must flot be slackened. They should be strength- ened. But to cure those who have fallen victims to excessive consumption. and its dire consequences, looks like a sane ap- proach to one phase of the problem which fails to react to educational methods or WQ moral appeals. In the Dim and Distant Pasi From The Statesman Files FIFTY YEARS AGO speak in Bowmanville. Oct. 17, Octoher 3, 1900 in beliaif of Hon. Vincent Massey, Liberal candidate. A long letter was ilublished Enrolmerit at Public Schools is f rom Milton Elford in which he giyen as 544 pupils. (Last week, described the Galveston flood in~ 25 years later, there are 762 pu- which over 3000 people were puls.) drowned, including his parents At the annual B.H.S. Field Day and brother Dwight. Robt. Clark won the boy*s -senior Garnet Trewin and Harold championship and Nelson Jack- Pearn have gone to Chicago to man the junior; Katie Pinch the attend Dental College. girl's senior and Bernic~e Bag- Miss Bertie Hancock, teacher neil the junior championship. at Maple Grove, attended the Major H. W. Dudley, Newcastle, wedding of her 'brother, Gea. was elected President of the 136th Hancock and Clara Jrwin 'at Port Durham Overseas Battalion OAs- Hope. sociation at their reunion at Port Hon. Wm. Mulock, »Postmaster Hope. General, is slated to speak here Rev. John MeLaurin, Madras, in the Liberal interests on Sat- India, addressed the Women's urday. Canadiian Club. H. C. Tail, photographer, has' Allan Elliott's rink composed moved his farnily into the octa-, of Jirn McDougail, Claude Ives gon dwveÏling. Di-vision and Well-ý and Jim Carruthers won f irst ington Sts., which he has purchas- prize in the Lakeshore Lawn ed. 1Bowling League tournament held Solina-J. W. Brooks accomp- in Oshawa. anied his daughter Effie to the MridA olnwoSp Dea an Dub Istiuteat ell-1 tember 30, Fred J. VanNest, To- ville last week. Married - At St. George' ronto, and Eldred H. MeLean, Church, Newcastle, Sept. 25, Frank Collingwood. M. Souch and Emily A. Chapple. Sauina-Hon. Vincent Massey John Percy and George Gray wvas campaigning in this vicinity were judges on horses at Co- Tuesday, and with Mrs. Massey bourg Fair. had dinner with Mr. and Mrs. * * *Arthur Milison. TWENTY-FIVE YEARS AGO Maple Grove-Williarn Foley, October 8, 1925 highl * vre.spected pioneer of Darl- ington Township, died Oct. 3rd, Hon. MacKenzie King will aged 81 years. Our Canadian Way of Life From the Monthly Letter of The Royal Bank of Can&da ..Continued frarn hast week) Freedom Canadians. whether native-born or immigrants. may live and act with full security within aur pat- tern o! freedom. We do not simply safeguard human rights; we erect an order of law, animat- cd by freedom aof men's spirits. This means that men must nat expect that in Canada they xiii be told what ta do. That is the kind a! thing that happened in Germany and Russia. We be- lieve here that freedom ta thinl; should be follawed by using your head ta choase between alterna- tive courses of action. It is frce- dam o! choice that develops per- sonality, and it is only out of per- sonality expression that reasan- able men derive satisfaction. Democratie governments feel it ta be part o! their duty ta avoid unnecessarY interference with men and women who intend ta carve -out careers on their own. They believe it is their duty ta inter- fere as littie as possible with vol- untary associations. They leave men free ta make an honest ive- lihood at what trades thev xvant and do not dragoon them inoa - bour. They encourage men ta ex- press their opinions. Canadians believe in indepen- dence and in the growth of per- sonal responsibility. They reject the suggestion that men should be made good citizens by compulsion, by statute or by caercion. They believe more goad will be accamp- lished iby inducting the Golden Rule into ail phases of Canadian lite than by any number o! gov- erniment edicts. Regard for one's fellow man, considered by some ta be the tauchstone of alI aUner virtues. stands out as a cardinal principlc' of Canadian life. bath within Canada and in her interna- tional contacts. The Good Citizen Ali]of these rights, liberties and benefits are at the free and boun- tiful service o! goad citizens. Anyone cao be a good citizen of Canada if he keeps his heant ight: if he acknowledges the dîgnity and warth o! ahl socially accept- able wvork; if he appreciates the necessity and justice of a fair re- turri for a fair day's labour; if he realizes the interdependence ofa!l aPeople, and that a high 1 standard o! living depends upon the co-aperation and contribution o! ail people; if he feels the oeed for conserving Canada's natural resources a! men and materials, and daes his part toward their best devclopment; if he partici- pates in municipal. provincial and federai goveroment and in coin- munity affairs. That citizens should Participate in governing themselves is a vi- tal part o! democracy. You can- not set up a democracy by build- ing government machinery, butJ only by devclopiog a spirit. When a persan is canvinced that aur Canadian way a! life of- fers mare oppartunity and hap- pîness ta larger number o! per- sans than daes any other scheme, he wili be eager ta contribute his share ta keepiog it effectively working. The democracy of which we are talking is an ar- rangement of life whereby the members a! a group, large or small, have opportunity ta par-« take in proportion ta their ma- turity and ability. There is no room in such a Society for enviaus dishike 0f persans «vhO are prom- mnent or great, but an appreci- ation o! what all greptness adds ta the cammon good. Our Government Democratîc goverromeot is a1 form o! goverriment in which the1 people rule by discussion andi compromise. Free cledtions, ini which the People choose their gov-i ernment representatives, and the secret ballot, which gives themî absolute freedom o! choice, are prized possessions af Canadians. TI Canada, aîl government is elected by govenrment, respon-f sible ta the People, The cabinet, which has its finger on aIl phases o! national lîfe, ecanomie and so-, cial, internai and external, la made up a! men chosen fromn theà elected representatives o! the( People. These men, each of whom is Ilead of a department o! gov-1 ernient, are directiy responsible ta parliament. Thene is no distinction between class or cneed in Canadiani public affairs. Rich or paon, a Canadi- an citizen has a voice in the gav- eroment, may serve on a muni- cipal council, in a provincial lcg- isiature, in parliament, or on boards, set up by any o! these governments. Minorities are heard freely and patiently. The existence of an opposition party in parliament is nccessary ta aur system. In totalit 'arian cauntries there can be only one paliticai party, and a revolution is needed if a government is ta be changed. In a democracy, the people may vote the governmcnt out and the apposition in. This is anc reason why it is the duty o! any demnocratic goVern- ment ta take the people frankly into its confidence. Consultation is one o! the aid- est democratic functions, the na- tural instrument for government ta usc in order ta harmonize its poiicy with public opinion. The people should he given a picture in broad outline o! the proposed plan and of the econamic and so- cial facts that underlie it. Then they should be shown what are their individual tasks and duties. The people of a democratic coun- try like Canada cannat be driven ini blinkers. Any attempt ta pro- mate great changes without mak- iog clear the purpose and meth- od wiil dissolve into frustration. External Affairs Cp.nadi:ins have a compelliog intercst in xvorld affairs. The pressure o! events, tic continu-. ing sense o! criais, and the rival- ries o! continents. demand cîcar and confident rather than flam- boYant leadership, and this Can- ada is prepared ta give. She has the attributes of a hunter who wvar referred ta by a companion i0 these terms: "He is the kind of nman ta go tiger hunting with in the dark, because you can ai- ways i each out and be sure he is there." Canada, mare than most na- tions, îîecds wanld pcace for her prosperity. Her externai trade proviie a third o! ber national incarne. If her exports wene cut off or seniously interfered xvith, evcry workman's pay envelope would suffer. For this practicalý reason, as well as because o! a jiatural desire fan wonld peace and arder, Canada supports the United Nations. Religion and Education People in Canada warship in many different ways, yet their belie! in God, their emphasis upon trust, hope and love are strong assets toward the deveiop- ment af good citizenship. Ail the faiths reprcscnted in Canada, and freely practised here, teach the dignity o! the buman soul, and re- gard ail individuals as important members a! the human family. The church, o! whatever denomin- ation, is the voice o! the nation's conscience. This spiritual culture, the in- ward farce which creates and sus- tains the outward manifestations o! civilization, is the greatest pow- er a democracy can have. That is onc reason why democracies take such pains ta safeguard the right o! citizeos ta worship, "each according ta the dictates o! his own conscience." It is anc a! the most important freedoms in the modemn world. Church authorities in Canada and elsewhere are cmphatic in their condemnation o! the athe- ism and tyranny o! Communism. Any system o! government that deprives people o! the right ta faith, the exercise o! their re- ligiaus instincts, and the com- munion a! spirit provided by wvorship. will be condemned by ail right-thinkiog people. .There are ample and freely- available educational resaurces in Canada. directed ta providing the appartunity for self -realization, human relationship, ecanomic e!- !iciency and civic responsibility. The standard educational lad- der consists a! eight grades in a public clementary school an-d four or five in a public aecondarv school, though there are minor differences in the provinces. The vital point is that throughout these years education in free. There are certain "'separate" schools ta accommodate minority groupa. After school years cornes adult education, which enables the mature mrembers of the commun- ity ta purs1ae variaus courses of study. In recent years. adult ed- ucation has grown frorn almost complete obscurity ta the pos-' ition o! a third partner along with higher education and the public schools. It is flot a scherne ta help the illiterate and under-edu- cated ta "catch up," but a plan for enabling everyone ta devel- op the best that is in hlm and ob- tain the greatcst satisfactions out o! life. Aduit education is a mai.n strength of demacracy. Subver- sive influences and totalitarlan philosophies thrive on ignorance. They cannot stand the light o! truth. This is why enlightened men in business, government ancd education are supporting every advance in adult education. urg- ing the idea o! lighting up the schools at night for use o! mature persans, and cantributing through pamphlets, fim& and posters ta the spread o! knowledge. Law and the ]Police The high standing and inde- pendence of magistrates and jud- ges have always been conspicuous merits in Canadian gao'ernment. Judges are not ehected but are ap- pointed for life by the Gover or- General in Council or th ePro- vinicial Lieutenant-Governor in Cauncil, accarding ta the rank and duty of the court. They must nat take part in palitics, and are not allawed ta vote. Their pos- itions are regarded by ail as poats af great honaur and responsibil- i ty. Respect for the law derives from the highest levels. In tak- ing the Cora nation Oath, the, King is Asked: 'WilI you ta yaur pow- er, cause Law and Justice, in Mercy, ta be executed in ahl your judgments?" To which the King assents, "I will." From coasit tacaast, Canada lias a uniform code of criminal laws and a uniform procedure in crim- mnal matters. The purpose of law is ta. guard the liberties of every citizen. In a democracy like Can- ada, a man is free ta live as lie chooses 'so long as he keeps with- in the law which he, as a voter, had a hand in shaping. The police in~ Canada, perhaps, better than any other group, know the meaning of civil liberties and personal rlghts because it is their duty ta guard agâinst the viola- tion of these rights by anyone or any group. They are the friends of every good citizen, and the de- tenders of aur free dzmiocratic way o! ife. Our Future We can listen at any moment and hear our country growing. The air is rich with promise. Thé~ spirit of Canada is progressive stili. We can say ta the children who left school this year what aid Voltaire, when he went ta Paris in 1778 ta die, said ta the youth in whose hearts he sensed the grandeur o! the coming century: will see great things."' We are not seeking a mechan- ical utopia, or a country with highways paved with gold., The ideal Canada will be developed by its people, using ahl that sci- ence can give them as an aid but keeping their'root,, firmly ground- cd in the rich heritage of the past. To quote a fine Greek adageý 'Life is the gift of nature, buti beautiful living is the gift o! wis dam." What we neeà in these! days is ta broadi n ur knowledge andi intelligience. and at the same! tirne dling ta the simple virtues xvhich aur sociecy approves. The values which test achievement- honesty, truthfulness, self-control. fair play- , lnyalty, devoutness, and miany others-thesze play a deter- iining part in the course and pat- tern of life. We, a nation o! 14 million people, covet no other man's land. We wish that the nations of the world should live tagether in peace, and that we and~ they should develop an cxalted sii of co-operation. W7e will do aur share toward J bringing into being the better wvorld of wvhich ail gaod meni drearn. We will transmit our (by R. J.. Deachman) I amn sorry for aur poor M.P.'s. The-y have gone home but they may be calied back at any mo- ment. They sleep with the tele- phone beside their beds and lie awakc ail night istening for it to ring. They are glad ta be home but they want ta get back ta the House on the Hill: It'g very rest-. ful there,,especially for the happy gentlemen who can leave the task o! thinking ta others who are mare competent ta do it than they arc themseives. Let us survey the situation. In the first line we have the Cabinet Ministers, twenty-one o! them, the hast time 1 counted. Then. there are the Parliamentary As- sistants, nine of them.% Think net that I speak lightiy of these gen- tlemen. they take a load off the shouiders o! the Cabinet Minis- ters-that's important. Cabinet Ministers, believe it or not, re- quire some time ta think. It i3 wvell that we shouid give themn an opportunity ta do so, but while this strengthens the Cabinet it weakens the House. In countries leas drilled in demnocratic tradi- tions there might corne a day when thase et the top mnight feel that things would move mare swiftly if the Cabinet ran the whole show and left the ôthers ta rest in peace et home. Goveriments these days have a difficult probiem. They must keep ane eye on parliament and anothe'r on the country !romn whence cometh their strength. The view is delightful et this time o! year-dehlghtful but disturb- ing. Did yau ever look aut taosea when the water waa calm on the surface but wlth a tremendous ground swell as If the fountains of the great deep were trying in some way ta express their disap- proval o! things as they are. This is e vi4enced in the country ta- day, statistically anecacn write a good story, a tale of abounding prasperity but there is a ground swell of unrest. The cost o! living is high. Sa is the standard ô! living. There is a gre*t deal of dissatis!action. They feel the burden of taxation. People watch the rising prices and pratest against themn. They dread the possibility o! still high- er levels, but they fight for high- er wages for themuelves and higher prices on items o! their awn production. The, mari who climbs a great peak and gazes et a scene which few hav.e witness- ed feels instînctively the thrili of great achievemnent but the vision dîms before the retina o! his eye when he reaches normal levela and still aches from the journey. - * * * The task aheed is a tremendous one, it cahls for sound thinking and farcibie action. No one de- nies that the national incarne de- pends upon production. Produc- tion depends on the efficiencY of the tôols in the'hands o! the mien who work and their willingness ta use them. We are not- now paying aur way, debts are in- creasing, sa are taxes. As we move towards higher wages those on fixed incarnes drap toa a lower standard o! living. We loot the past in order ta ive more joy- ously in a war torii world while we prepare for the next éonflict.- Madriesa could do no more. The welfaré state cannat be maintained with aur present vol- ume o!' production and present level o! costs. We cannot solve the problems of the present by a determined effort ta give less and get more for it. To feel that ive can is proof o! the existence o! some strange form o! muddled thinking and a lack o! intelli- gence in the approachi ta aur problems. What about the ave- rage M.P,? We hear too little from hini. He suffers naturally from some form o! emotional di!- fidence. This does not arise from lack of basic intelligence. The fact is that he has lîved a, life whîch did not bring him closely in tauch with other men. When he came ta parhiament the sur. roundings were new ta him. He knows instinctively that there is something wrong yet fails to ex- press it. I know o! no better statement o! the relatioftship o! a member o! parliament to his constituents than that given by the late Henry Herbert Asquith: "The greatest proof o! es- teem that one can give ta people whom nen has the honor ta represent la ta talk ta them seriausly, telling TAXI them the truth, showing themn things as, they are, knowing that they have the power of comprehension and are proud of their capacity to understand. Here then is the task for the new members of the House af Commons. They speak for a tre- mendous group of voters who de- serve all the help they can give them. The M.P. cornes more closely in contact with theepeople he represents than do the Cabinet Mmnisters and other promineht leaders in the House of Comnions. The strength of fhe nation lies in the common mani, in his capacity te think clearly and act wisely a vbrld o! storm and confliet which no one seems ta kno~ whaât may happen tomorrow. %'Mr., Jones Meets The Master"l By PETER MARSHALL "It is literary news when a religiaus book heads for the best seller lists in a nation accuscd o! being the most pleasure la\ýing in the world. Yet this is what is happening ta "MR. JONES, MEETS THE MASTER." "Fram time to time there arises a man (Dr. Marshall) aut of wbam shînes forth a radiant enthusiasm for the best in human life." Came in and look this book over. Read It yourself and use it as a gift for sonieone else te treasure. J. W. IEWELL 'OBICO "20" '27 King St. W., Bowmanville PHONE 556 KING'S RADIO0 TAXI 24-HOUR SERVICE Phone: Day 561 - Nighis 561 -707- 922 SIX MODERN CARS . ...' ALL PASSENGERS INSURED. ...PROMPT EFFICIENT SERVICE Operaied by Laihangue Bros. The crom déodorant Phus. Plus whott The maglc of Blue Grass, most chorlshed fragrance of aur timo, Ke.p yourself Immaculale 1h. exquisife way, try Blue Grass Deodoront today 15 JURY C& LOVELL Wheu W. Test £Yeu ItlaI Don. Properiy TOUR REXALL DEUG STORE pPHONE 778 BOWMANVILLE 9 p THE CANADIAN STATESMAN, BOWMANVIILLE, ONTAIRIO "MRSDAY, OCTOBER Sth. 1940 PAGE TWO