The following text may have been generated by Optical Character Recognition, with varying degrees of accuracy. Reader beware!

PAG!~ EIGHT THE CANADIA~ STATESMAN. BOWMANVILLE, ONTARIO 'rHURsDAY, FIt4 lst, 1951 "The Problem in Graf# Presented By Soldier-Executîve of Goodyear ~.The following, most timely ad- dress, was delivered recently ai a Board of Trade meeting in Port ,Hope. Because of its general in- t.rest and because the speaker. CoL Orme Barrett, O.B.E., is wel] kn1own here as the Assistant to ,the President of Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co. of Canada, it is with -pleasure that the entire speech is presented to Statesman readers. The Problem la Gray As we gather here tonight, thc kreatest drama of ail time is un- folding on the world stage, scene lollowing scene with a speed of action that would have amazed, if 2not stunned people who lived but ashort generation ago. *.The surge and sway of the tides M! world history down through the èenturies have paralleled in tem- 'PO the development and im- -ýprovement of communications and transportation. -Speed and news o! events or- igsnally limited by travel on foot, qinimal, drag or sled and by Sig- inal through voice, drum, smoke or trumpet, were accelerated suc- cessively by the Invention of the .wheel, of steam, rail, ship, the in- -4ernal combustion engine, the deisel motor, the automobile, of telegraph and telephone, unti] man's knowledge and information *;expanded from the local to the -ational scale. With the advent of the air age, our participation IT'S You CAN 6et a Lonan a t Ped $50 to $1200 on Signature, lurniture, Auto Need extra cash to get a fresh start . .. pay Ieftover bis . .. for medical or den- tal expenses ... home or auto repairs .. . to aid relatives... or other good purposes? EXAMPLES 0F LOANS S Cash 15 MO. 24M0.' 24010.* Ga« 154.19 529.59 756.56 IRePay $1 2 $28 $40 Enent S Payments for in.belte.n oOo. min poporio. ' o is n ot s.bj.ct .o«lth Conm .r Crdit You'll find it's "yes" promptly to 4 out of 5 at h2/zônal. Don't borrow unnecessarily, but if a loan is the sensible solution, corne m--or phone first for 1-tnip service. Loan [~] is made your jJ way and fast! FINANCE CO,1 ;nd Floor a (Over Bank of Nova Scotici) 1/2Y SIMCOP ST., NORTH Oshowa, Ontario, Con. Phono: 5690 F. Elton Anderson, YES MANager Prsal Finance Company of Canada taoans mode ta rsidents of il surrounding fawl? Dshawa, Canadic. in travel and events o! historical significance, aided by wireless, radio and radar, maved into the international and intercontinental sphene 50 that now we view with- out surprise the opening o! the atomicena and its almost unbe- lievable potentials, with jet pro- pelled. electronically contnolled, supensanic craft and missiles as today's pointers ta an even more amazing tamornaw. A message sent out framn this microphone could be received instantaneously at the nethermast points o! this planet-and now man seeks, fram theary ta pnac- tice, the canquest o! interplan- etary space, travel and communi- cation. s People Fear Future A drama o! such scope and ac- tion electnifies aur imagination sand should stimulate our intenest with an impatience ta witness in aur time tbe final act and its cli- max. Instead of this, peoples evenywhere fear ta look upon the future- their's and their child- Sren's- because At may engulf -them in the huge cast o! the play 0and neyer free tbem again ta -follow the normal and cam!ort- eable pursuits a! their lives in a ýlworld at peace. ri But surely men in every age, amid the whirl o! histonîcal, and ta them, world-shaking events, feIt much as do the people a! ta- day. The chie! di!ference be- twccn each age or era bas been the quickened pace in the march o! events. Thus, frorn the dawn o! human history, man bas had ta fadjust the speed o! bis thinking, action and living ta tbe ever maving and changing scene. Alertness Essential Histony, it bas been said, re- peats itsel! - but the worst thing about histony is that every time it repeats itself, the pnice gaes up. The cost ta aur civilizatian o! leanning this lesson within the last ten yeans came high indeed. jThe lesson also taugbt that we ms vrbe alent ta change and t mraved techniques, ta the attitudes and actions o! people all over the world. if we are ta avoid the grave ernar o! think- ing and planning in termis o! past events and erroneous premises and ta survive the dangers which will beset aur civilization in the years that lie ahead. With this phibosaphic and fact- ual background, let us then re- view today's scene ta seek a course o! action designed ta direct future events o! the drama ta the bappy conclusion whicb everyone desires ta witness. We see the Assembly o! the United Nations at Lake Success striving with aIl the enengy and skill at the commiand o! most of its delegates ta achieve the-goals and objectives avowcd in its Char- ter and ta bring ta reality 'the brotherhoad o! man amongst na- tions. Throughaut the wbale o! the post-war proceedîngs a! the iAssembly, the world bas viewed with dismay the repeated use o! the veto vote - by Soviet Russia and its satellites - and in the hope- ful area o! agreement between nations, a widening and deepen- ing chasm that threatens ta swal- low up the whole o! the ground. There should be no cause for surprise at this scene. One quite similar developed a few years ago at the Assembly o! the League o! Nations, with this important ex- ception: Then, the chie! prab- lems pivoted around the balance a! power question, mainly in Europe. Taday, the problems are o! global scope because the whole world is dividing napidly into twa ideological camps - that o! the East and that o! the West, the former comprised o! Russia and its cardan sanitare of satellite states and the latter supported by the Atlantic Treaty nations led by the United States o! Amenica. "Mein Kampf" In those carlier days, Adolph Hitler had written a book entitled "Mcmn Kampf" - "My Task" - of which was said that the man was a buffoon and bis wrîtings must be regarded as the bitter satire o! a low vaudeville actor - nat as the thunderous vaice o! one wha wauld stride acnass the world stage in 'à principal role. The plot was therc for aIl ta read - the play ran for nearly six years at great cost and suf!cring ta mankind and followed the script with horri!ying fidelity until nearly the last act. Then, and then only, did the audience be- came moved ta direct and force- ful action. The course o! the play was changed and the villains o! the piece suffered the fate they sa justly menited. Sa it is taday - Communist writings, pranounce- ments and its manifesta leave no doubt as to the intent o! the Comn- munists a! Soviet Russia - the in- tent is world conqucst. If ta- day's civilization is ta survive, we must read, mark, learn and inwardly digest the cammunist philosophy and technique, includ- ing that a! tactîcal deviation, and then bring inta neality, plans whicb will defeat their purpose. I HARDWOOD FLOORS1 LAID . SANDED . FINISHED 20 BOND ST. E., OSHAWA PHONE 304W o! peace and black be the colour of conflict, we have. since the cessation of World War II hos- tilities, been living in this "cold war atmosphere" - neither white non black, biýt "gray". Thus. today's problem is gray - a problem in which adjustment ta living with rumours of war perhaps for many years will be Col. Orme H. Barrett the requirement - witb eruptions at variaus points along the per- imeter o! that great Soviet-con- tnolled territory which stretches fram Sweden down tbnougb Ger- many and the Balkans, araund the narth shore a! the Black Sea, through the Caucasus, acrass the nonthenn bordens o! Inan, India, Tibet, Burma, French Indo-China ta Formosa, Korea and Japan. Some o! these eruptions aiong the perimeter have already occurred, such as at Berlin, in Korea and mare recently in French Indo- China and Tibet. Aggressian against Iran and other aneas may came later. Russla's Key Position The Eurasian heartland damin- ates geographically the adjoining bonderlands o! twa continents - tbe coastal areas a! Asia and Europe. In military tenms, Soviet Russia occupies a key interiar pos- ition witb the advantages o! rel- atively short land lines o! com- munication from ber borders ta the industnial and population centres o! Europe, the Middle East and Asia. In these terms, the United States and Canada are insular pawers, able ta move ta the coastal stretche's o! Europe and Asia only aver long distan- ces by sea or by air. However, thene are other geognaphic fac- tors whicb may affect the stra- tegic position o! these two North Amenican nations - bases or allies near or actually in the Asiatic and European areas, one o! wbicb is, o! course, aur Motherland, Britain. Russia accupies no such comparable position. Indeed, the Iran Curtain has divided the globe into two worlds, but it shauld be remembered that since it first clanged down, Com- munist Russia bas nat acbieved an ideological canquest, China perhaps excepted, save by fonce or the threat o! force. However, in the struggle for world domina- tion, the Soviets have an active fi!th column o! spies and sabo- tiers - secret armies o! subver- sion which stand ready on the home fronts a! ahl the free na- tions ta !ight for the Communists in underground war. Possesses Vast Resources Russia passesses vast man- pawer, mineral and waterpawer resources and bas built up a sub- stantial heavy industry. Her steel capacity, estimated at twen- ty-!ive million tans a year, (ai- thougb the actual may exceed this figure) is abaut ane-quarter o! United States' capacity. Haw- ever. froni the signs o! Soviet ac- tivity, including stackpîhing o! cntical supplies, it is but safe ta assume that practically ail o! the Russian steel production is gaing inta the manufacture a! wanlike equipments and weapans, wbere- as a relatively small percentage o! United States capacity is naw sa allocated. It is passible, thene- fore, that the rate o! Russian manufacture o! war materials ex- ceeds that o! the United States at tbe pnesent time. The six Soviet armies in East Germany are authoritatîvely esti- mated ta total 33 divisions, o! whicb at least 10 are heavily an- maured. Their tanks, the Joseph Stalin Mark III, are superior ta any in the West. The total manpower o! these armies is put at 320,000, exceed- ing the manpower o! the Allied armies in West Genmany by about 100,000. However, the Allied forces bave a mucb higher proportion a! ser- vice tnaops. 50 that their ovenal combat ef!ectiveness is cornes- pondingly lower. The Allies, moreover. are still spnead out in occupation pasts and sub-posts, thereby expased ta piecemeal annihilation in the event o! sudden attack. A Threatenlng Position Two Soviet armies are station- ed less than a day's foot march froni the West German frontier. The other four are distributed 50 ta 120 miles back. We know also that the Red Army stands taday in Europe only about 185 miles froni the Dutch barder - within a short march o! the Ruhr and Western Eunope's vast factary areas. No- where else around fthc peimeter a! the Iran Cutain does thi*s dangerous situation exist - no oth- sal, not only to the liberating na- tions but to those peoples Sa lib- erated. A-Bomb Exploded Add to the scene thus portray- ed. these facts, that: It is now more than twelve months since the United Sae and British Governments anl- nounced that there was evidence that, quote "«during the past weeks an atomic explosion bas taken place in Russia." Published information on this subject has been limited to the news that the United States is at work on the H-bomb project. In various speeches by Russian leaders. the suggestion bas been made that they possess atom bombs. There is considerable evidence that the Russians are making tre- mendous efforts to exploit the uranium mines in Eastern Eur- ope, and, finally, There has ibeen no progress in the international control of atom- ic energy. On top of it all, the perimeter eruption in Korea has brought inta operation on behaîf of the United Nations armed forces and materiel of war on a scale far in excess of the calculations of the citizens of either the United States or Canada. U. S. Adjusts Economy Our southern neighbours have begun to adjust their economy and Productive system to permit the stockpiling and manufacture of arms, war equipment and sup- plies, - and we in Canada have added to our current year's large defence budget what is, to us, the enormous sum of 300 million dol- lars. In face of these facts and fac- tors, ever increasing numbers of people, particularly in the At- lantic Pact Nations, are rapidly reaching the conclusion that trea- ties alone will not guarantee the safety o! the future. They knew this already. but building upon hopes that the United Nations would evolve a world of peace, refused to entertain such pessim- istic notions until a succession of happenings, one after another, led them again to the inevitable conclusion. Arming la Insurance Many feel that insurance bought today will cost less than the re- building of a gutted structure to- morrow. If this be sound reas- oning, its translation into action means that naval, military and air forces, backed by sound de- fence Plans, must be brought into being and stationed in the danger areas, particuflarly in Western Europe, even though the cost may be heavy; that if this be flot donc, the 'problem may no longer be gray - the aggressor may be tempted by the fair risk of suc- cess. to change the colour ta black - ta heat the cold war ta flaming conflict; that, further, be- fore it be too late, we must bols- ter the strength of those Euro- pean nations which would bear the brunt of the attack and who have littie hope of survival with- out the armed help o! their more powerful allies on the ground when required. Current evidence that these views are shared as well by gov- ernments of the free nations is seen in the announcement from Washington three months ago that the United States will provide from $l,800,000,000 ta $2,400,()00,- 000 in American arms and money to French forces in Europe and Indo-China iby the end of 1951. Speaking in the British House o! Commons on the samne day, For- eign Secretary Ernest Bevin hint- ed that as the strength of the West increases, an atmosphere favourable for the settlement o! world problems by direct nego- tiation among the great powers may return. "CoId War"l Plot Following hard on the heels of this announcement, the Royal Institute of International Affairs at London, England publisbcd its report October 25 "Defence in the Cold War," which had been pre-, pared and compiled by a study group o! that body. Among various important fîndings, the report bared an unofficial plan for the defence o! Western Europe in the cold war which called for 50 or 55 divisions and three ta five tbousand aircraft. Their finding was predicted on the premise that the communists' cold war is an effort ta weaken the capitalist states or a war which they be- lieve ta be inevitable. If the cold war fails in that purpose, then Soviet policy - judging £noma the past - may be brought ta the point a! accepting compromise and co- aperation and wonld war averted. Little imagination, therefore, is requined ta vîsualize that the home fronts o! the Atlantic Pact nations, particularly those great arsenals, United States and CAn- ada, must, in this day o! long- range aircraft, possess a system o! civil defence organized at the ready state ta guard and preserve their ecanomic and productive machinery and ta pratect, as fan as is possible, the dwellers in their urban centres. Surely, these are not matters which should be left for cansider- ation at same future dey - if plans are ta became effective, when required, tbey must be put on foot without delay. It is heantening, therefore, ta observe that measures designed ta cape with these important problems are progressing in succéssive stages day by day. A great deal, howcver, remains ta be done, and each a! us, as individual citizens, can do much ta aid and assist aur governmcnts ta round out and perfect the required pratective and defensive arganizatians. What other choice is open? No sane persan wants war - much less with atomn and hydrogen bombs. And history reveals in letters o! fire the folly o! trust- ing the plcdged word o! a dictat- or. The way o! appeasement is equally clear - but the lards of the Kremlin understand and re- spect actual strcngth. Nations Are United Today, the free nations are mare unitcd than ever before in their mutual resolve ta rcsist aggres- sian - we understand the nature o! the foc and the magnitude o! the menace. Let us then with good heant, resolve ta support and actively aid such action as will be best calculated ta keep the tempera- turc of the war at "cold." Nat- urally, this course invalves an clement o! risk but the risk is not as great as would be if we failed ta appreciate the situation and ta meet the problcms whîle there is yet timne. Certain individuals have ex- prcssed the view that talks alang this theme serve only ta disturb and alarm aur people. This sure- ly is an ostrîch-like attitude which docs not credit aur citizens with courage ta face facts, altbough thcy be unpleasant, and with the resolution ta meet and overcame themn. The ostrich is reputed ta bury its head in the sand at the approach o! danger - usually, the resuit is that it5 plumage ultim- ately decorates tbe wearing ap- parel of its captors. Co-Openation la Essential Though for al aur citizens and for businessmen in panticular, warking and living with the "problem in gray" will requine ever greater thought, energy and sacrifice, the record a! past achievemnents affords ample proof that, along with their ncighbauns, the Canadian people will keep the faitb in their bigh destiny and discharge with nesolution and courage whatever may be requir- cd of them - for upon these things depends the winning o! the cold war and the reasanable hope that the world will witness the final scenes o! the drama, climaxed by the white o! ultimate peace. The price that will have been paid will not be too great, if those generations which follow become the heirs o! a truly warld famnily o! nations pledged ta the welfare o! all mankind. President Reports Record Year For Confederation Lif e Continued expansion of Can- ada's ecanomic lite is one o! the surest guarantees o! national and individual security, J. K. Mac- donald president, declared at the 7Mt annual meeting o! Confed- eration Lite Association in To- ronto. He urged Canadians ta plan and work for individual se- cunity within the framework o! their economic and political sys- tems and, as part a! the collec- tive whole, ta help plan for na- tional secunity within the circie o! world nations. "It is vital," he said, "that we visualize fully tbis -two-fold prerequisite for aur future secunity and welfane, lest we lose both, and in losing them lose -personal freedom and dig- Pointing to how the lif!e insur- ance industry invests the ibuilt- up assets o! its policyawners in f t, E..e a *There ae a IMMEDIATE 1 OPENINGS IN ki ALL BRANCHES, and .specially t, today in:- f r, ELECTRICAL ENGINE-ROOM COMMUNICATIONS AIR MECHANICS ETC. SThe Navy wiII train YOU> as a specialist. Get * %* the facts today. s ( -iD W BEATTY WASHERS ARE U* SEE ..TODAY PRICED FROM 6V V V ,,'PLAY YOUR PARýT IN. BUILDING. CANADA',S DEFENCES Royal Canadian Navy FLOOR SANDERS FOR RENT Tule floors, linoleum, rubber or wood block, also linoleum in yard goods. Plastic tile for kitchens and bathrooms. Free Estirnates Given "Stand with Confidence on a Leggette Floor"I Mn LEGGETTE productive industries, Mr. Mac- donald said this enabled "the man in the street" ta become "a cap- italist, a part-awner in industrial campanies, natural nesaurces, and real estatc. And in becoming a capitalist he is securing bis in- dividual future ... but be is gain- ing it, nat through a benevolent act on the part o! the govern- ment, but tbrougb the virile eva- lution o! the private enterprise system - for the gavernment can- not provide econamic security for the individual except that it bc produced first througb the efforts o! man's brain and man's brawn."' "But wbat the government can pravide is national security, witb- out whicb there can be no ecan- omic security for the individual," continued Mr. Macdonald. "How- ever, in many instances indivîd- uals have forfeited pensanal se- curity within their country as the price o! national security. It shauld be the role of our govern- ment ta provide national secunity witbin the framework o! demo- cratic action - ta concentrate on securing its citizens against threats o! autside aggression o! military nRMSDAY, M. le 1051 1 PAGE EIGHT THE CANADIAN STATESMAN, BO'WMANVnLE, ONTARIO force and political ideology which would condemn the individual ta slavery." In reviewing what he termed "danother record year" for Cor- federation Life, Mr. Macdonald mentioned new lite insurance of $114.861.908; total lite insurance in force of $1,111,682,299, o! which $216.240.293 was group- In- surance; death benefit payments o! $5,796,741*, payments ta living policyawners of $13,609.460; and some 1,730 individual mortgage boans for $10,700,000, including more than 1,000 loalis under the National Housing Act. "We sbould consider these fligutM, he said, "nat. merely as n-e&ns of dollars, but as represet the savings of owners of m0IFthan 450,000 policies who are iving in several thousand cammun.ities in more than 20 countries through- out the wanld . .. who believe in aur democratic way o! life and their respansibility ta provide for their own welfare."0 To have yaur words carry weight, don't talk hightly.