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$i,do a year An advance ; $1.5° to United States BOWMANVILLE, ONTARIO, CANADA, THURSDAY, MARCH 4, 1915 Volume. LXI No. 10. THE EDITOR TALKS. ALL LADIES' AND CHILDREN'S CLOTH COATS AT HALF PRICE. LADIES' AND MEN'S SWEATERS AND ALL KNITTED GOODS AT AND BELOW COST. FURS OF ALL KINDS AT OR BELOW WHOLESALE WHOLESALE PRICE. The campaign being conducted in the country's interest is proving a campaign of education in more than one way. People are beginning to think about the welfare of others than themselves and suggesting ways and means for doing good and so giving ! wholesome uplift to humanity. Here is one example from Cobourg World : The appeal for production and patriotism patriotism has been made. Why not one for conservation and patriotism ?. It ought to be regarded as patriotic to preserve and care as to produce. Why not save the grain consumed in intoxicants intoxicants and feed it up ? Why not save the soldiers and others that may use the intoxicants ? Why not save the money likely to be expended for intoxicants intoxicants and relieve distress? Here is an excellent opportunity to protect and relieve, why not improve it ? FARMER'S VIEW-POINT Farmers* Institutes and All Agricultural Education a Mere Ghost Behind a Veil--Farmers Ignored by Politicians Manufacturers and Other Monied Interests. A LOT OF DRESS GOODS AT ABOUT HALFPRICE MEN'S OVERCOATS AT FROM 25 TO 334% DISCOUNT, DISCOUNT, AND ALL MEN'S SUITS AT REDUCED PRICES. This is a Genuine Sale and all goods will be sold as advertised. Couch, Johnston & Cryderman ■ Scarcely a farm home within the trading area of Bowman ville in which one or other of The James Papers, do not go as a welcome weekly visitor freighted with a galaxy of weekly happenings. happenings. No other paper goes into as many homes in West Durham or contains contains half as much local news. Adver tisers long ago learned to appreciate the value of these papers as medium for reaching the homes, because in placing placing his advertisement the business man calls for local circulation--a circulation circulation in the homes of the people who are within reach of his store and who, reading his announcement in the leisure and quiet of the home circle, become at once prospective customers A merchant prince once said that newspaper read in the homes by members of the family was worth Agriculturists with keen interest have istened to the appeals in behalf of . - in- creased agricultural.production and see :he stupendous responsibility resting up -n them. The agriculturist, ind vidually working for his own .selfish interests, is not rendering his best service to the state or best promoting his own moral and spiritual welfare. To produce two bushels bushels instead of one would benefit myself and foster a selfish motive--not a right course to pursue. If every farm r in the Dominion for ten years had produced two bushels instead of one, thereby doubling production, necessarily calling for increased increased effort and expense, and marketed it under the system which has been in vogue during the past ten years, would the farmers, farmers, as a whole, be better or worse off financially financially ? No better off. While increased increased production has failed to bring any increased increased profit to the farmers, it has created created a great wave of prosperity, and as it swept over Canada from shore to shore, it has set in motion the wheels and spindles spindles in the great manufacturing centres, which in turn has created employment for the land and sea transportation companies, and these in turn bringing another great tidal wave of prosperity to all the great commercial centres of the world through the distribution of the phenomenal increased increased production of our farms. Prosperity, Prosperity, wealth and luxuries are created by ▲ 1 In/lnofriAIIO VM1VQ111 fr nf IK 1 - Would it not be impossible to invent a new make of separator without infringing on rights of thé" separators on the market ? Would it not also be impossible to buy these rights without first signing an agreement agreement to not cut prices on separators? Is not this the reason that farmers are paying paying from $/5 to $90 for a machine which, we think, would yield a fair profit to the manufacturer at $25 f.o.b. at the factory ? Do not interfere with the manufacturer, but keep on howling increased production along the lines of dairying. There is to be held in Toronto à World's Conference of the Chambers of Trade and Commerce, attended by delegates delegates representing art, science, natural resources, and the manufacturing and commercial industries of the woild. The United Farmers' Central Association applied applied to the Secretary of the Chambers of Tradë and Commerce in London, England, asking the privilege of sending a repre sentative to this proposed conference in Toronto, and received a curt refusal, and we resent it as a cruel injustice and a base insult to the intelligence of the farmers of Ontario. These very same manufacturers and wholesalers together set the price for our products and fix it so low that after WHAT'S CANADA'S DUTY? ■ 8 We are pleased to find that fro* press reports The James Papers are not the only advocates of more attention attention and assistance being given by the Government to rural schools. Dr. C. C. James, Advisor of the Federal Department Department of Agriculture, was asked by The Daily News "What is the chief thing to do for Canada when the war is over? His answer, in part, is thus given : "The thing most needed in this country is to get the people to sitdown and do some serious thinking, and if this war forces us to that we shall get. some good out of it What we need is a new viewpoint. For twenty years or more we have .lived and worked as though material resources made a people, and when we did give consideration consideration to our people, it was more or less merely a counting of heads. What we need is to understand tnafc the real Canada is the PEOPLE and not the COUNTRY, and that our national energy energy and our national expenditures should be used first and foremoat for our people. We have talked so much about developing the material assets of this country, that we have largely overlooked the fact that the greatest good, mental, moral and financial, will result from the right development of Canadians. Money intelligently invested in the education betterment and direction of the people gives the best returns." Quite correctly Dr. C. O. James, Agricultural Commissioner for the Dominion Government, says that the. chief thing to do after the war should be done while the war is still a hundred distributed free or thrown on the street. If this opinion was worth quoting 25 years ago, how much more truth there is in the.^ statement to-day. Western people are exceedingly practical as well as generous. They do big things in a unique way usually too. Saskatchewan Grain Growers Association of Moose Jaw has received received a letter from King George expressing expressing appreciation of the. "Patriotic Acre Scheme" being carried out by the Association. There are 25,000 members members and it is estimated that at least 75% of the members will give a patriotic patriotic acre and a number of the larger farmers will give two or .three acres. When it is figured that between 300.- 000 and 400,000 bushels ofjphgat will this scheme be contributed"through this one gains an idea of the big con tribu- a • • L ! ~ V»tr tlio BANK OF MONTREAL Y es, oeauty, style and comfort comfort are characteristic of the shoes we sell, embodying every detailed feature that ■will add to their appearance, and give pride pleasure to the wèarer. and ESI ABLISHED 1817 Incorporated by cAct of VarUamem Capital -- $16,000,000 Rest $16,000,000 Undiv. Profits 1,046,217.80 Savings Department Head Office, , Montreal. J. A. McClellan, Manager, Bowmanville Branch J he new season's styles are magnificent specimens of high art in shoe making. <2he styles are more attractive than for "years past, and the broad variety gioes 0,opportunity for selecting just the kind of foq&>ear that appeals. tiomwhich is made by the farmers of Saskatchewan. Robin Hood Flour Mills are grinding the wheat at actual cost and the C. P. R. has volunteered to transport it free to the point of embarkation. The whole contribution contribution will be made in flour and the sacks will be artistically designed and shipped from Moose Jaw. We are exceedingly grateful to Dr. James L. Hughes for sending us the particulars contained in an article about the success of pupils of Durham teachers in the League of Empire school competitions. Durham is con- . - - . . stantly winning distinction and we al- for increased production? ways take greatest pleasure in recording recording achievements won by her boys and girls, young and old. W e may add the farmers' industrious pursuit of his cal ling, and everybody is enjoying this prosperity prosperity except farmers themselves. But these are things that are bringing jrev hair on the father's head, and furrowing furrowing lines of care and sorrow on mother's mother's face, and driving oùr sons and daughters daughters to the cities, causing a dark shadow to hover oyer our land, pointing the finger of death at our national existence. In view of these facts we are justified in saying saying that the Institute and all the educational educational campaigns have failed, and always will fail, until political economists adopt a system of equality and justice that will give adequate financial compensation to the people and industry--the solid basis of national prosperity; and until this is granted all agriculturists are .justified in viewing Institutes and all agricultural education education a mere ghost behind a veil, and when we raise the curtain see the phantom animated and actuated by thre - greai world forces: political, manufacturing and commercial interests, systematically united united and working harmoniously together for the promotion of national prosperity, anc utterly ignoring their duty toward the farmers and our industry which is worthy of respect and consideration. We appeal to the Government to enact laws to further our interests and protect us from the injustices we are being subjected subjected to from manufacturing and commercial commercial enterprises. Let us view some things of the past and present. Does the price received for hogs since 15th October warrant us to increase production ? Would there not be a prompt demand for curtailment curtailment of the output of that article ? Then, in a parallel case, why the call to farmers we have paid the heavy toll which they levy . XT . . upon us to provide convenience for them, on, declares The News. Nor does h there is nothing left to provide necessary equipment and convenience on our farms and homes. Then they bark at people for caving the farm for the city. A word along lines of theory and practice. practice. Theory is a pleasant dream or mirage mirage in which we see the tree of enterprise aden with golden dollars, only awaiting a shake to fill our pockets. Practice is the stern reality, where we come in actual contact with the unforeseen difficulties that make the difference between profit and loss. We admit that we have much to learn and are anxious to learn, but we propose that a few of the agricultural expert theorists rent a farm in our neighborhood and practice what they preach under the difficulties which the majority of farmers are laboring to-day, and then give us an annual financial statement. Brother farmers, a word of advice. In the past we have been educating the boys and sending them to the cities for the sake of acquiring wealth. Let us in future instil in our boys the truth, that agricul ture, although under a heavy burden, anc is grove ling in the dust, isstill the noblest calling on earth, whereby God .has bestowed bestowed upon men the glorious privilege of feeding His children. In future edu- cate boys, keep them home to loe leaders in the great campaign of organization and co-operation for the benefit of producer and consumer, thereby conferring an inestimable inestimable blessing on mankind, and placing placing agriculture on a pinnacle where it will not only be aimired, but followed by the noblest, and best men and women of our great and glorious Dominion. J. L. Laid- ley, Omemee, of Emily Farmers seize the opportunity to talk "Patriotism. "Patriotism. and Production." He takes a much higher and more idealistic plane. Dr. James after giving an outline of what Governments have been doing to io incur the enormous public debt that 3KE îas been contracted asks : "And what of the people ? Have we as yet developed developed educational systems as efficient as those of other countries ? Have we model factory legislation and inspection inspection ? Have we perfected any system for caring for the widows and the aged who are left unproved for P Is it not a fact that we have moved much more rapidly in the direct develop, ment of material resources than m development of our greatest and only TianllxT î mnnrfiint", RSfifth. OUT PBOPLB 1 Club. vers. a year now is won a place in the front teacher. that Miss Mary Wetherell, teacher at Dunbarton, taught four years in S. S. No. 9, (Lockhart's) Clarke. She is an ex-student of Newcastle High School and taught one year in S. 9. 20, Man- The-fact that she receives $625 evidence that she has rank as a Florence Annis who won the medal is daughter of Mr. Chas. A. A.n- nis well known in Darlington, he having having lived near Ebenezer some years ago Miss Florence was a former pupil of Miss Florence Osborne who now teaches in S. S. 3, Darlington, and is only 11 years of age. Her essay wa9 on "Farm Life in Ontario." We congratulate congratulate all concerned on the distinction distinction won and with Dr. Hughes sincerely sincerely hope the teachers of Durham County County will enter the League and share later in the distribution of medals. PATRIOTISM OR POLITICS ? The recent advance in leather has in no way affected our prices, for our orders were placed long ago, before the makers themselves were affected, and while factories were less busy. ÏN WE WANT THE MEN AND W01 WHO CARE, TO COME AND SEE THE SHOWING. IT WILL BE OF PROFITABLE PROFITABLE INTEREST TO YOU. THE STORE OF QUALITY SL SERVICE Farms, for Sale or Rent Are you looking for a farm ?. It makes no."differenc how large or how small, I have probably just what you .are looking for.. Farms suitable for mixed farming, farming, fruif farms, market gardening, gardening, etc. Now -is - the timé ' L " buy. to Insurance Information Are you interested in Insurance 2. Do you want information about insurance? I will gladly answer answer any questions about insurance insurance that you wish to know. Don't hesitate to call and *see me. U Insurance and Real Estate Altho we have of late devoted much space to agricultural interests, we give space this week to the substance of an address chock full of food for thought given by J. L. Laidley, Omemee, at the Patriotism and Production meeting meeting in Lindsay. An address of this character would naturally be heard with deep-interest. It has much to warrant its introduction at that meeting meeting and we are sure it will appeal strongly to all farmers who read it. We rejoice to see country folk awaking awaking to their own interests. They have been so long dupes of politicians and money lords in big cities, that-it is a hopeful omen to hear of men here add there giving evidence that their eyes are being opened to their own interests. interests. Co-operation amqng farmers is ■going to. have far wider results that hàs ever been- dreamed of by its promoters promoters or we miss our guess. Another Another class that has been hood winked by politicians is the working class. For many years we have advocated a union of farmers and working men in order to obtain justice. By combining these two interests can control -both houses of parliament as manufactures, railways and other capitalists are now aiid have been doing for half a century in-this country. Will -they try their hand at the new game of polity» at the ensuing elections?" Or will -they still let the old stagers draw the wool o^er theirwyes ? We shall see.- FDR FLETCHER'S A ST© 13 » The Federal Government has learned by this time that its campaign of patriotism patriotism and production, so far as agricultural conferences are concerned, was a signal failure, for these meetings have been very slimly attended. Two meetings were held in Bowmanville with good speakers, one of whom was Hon. Jas Duff, Ontario Minister of Agriculture, and less than 100 farmers all told were present. The scheme was not practical. Farmers will not go far to such conferences. The be'ter plan for reaching 'arm homes is through local newspapers. Only a lew farmers near Bowmanv lie attended meetings here while the mass of them out in Me townships were not permitted to benefit by speeches. But the newspapers go into possibly all farm homes in the riding. riding. For instance, we doub if there ârê ten farm residences in Darlington township township that were not visited by one or oMer of The James Papers last week. The local papers are read, too. Every member member of the household is interested in the town paper. Anyway, the suspicion obtains obtains that there was more politics than patriotism in the minds of. the promoters of these c inferences. Conservative chairmen chairmen were requested, printing for meetings meetings had to be done at conservative offices and laudation of the governments in power was not wanting at the conferences. conferences. The people cannot be fooled all the time. Government's action in this campaign was very transparent. General elections are near at hand, but this effort has proved largely abortive. All will agree that if ever there was a time, when our deeds should be pure^ and honest, it is how when -the Empire is at war. True, many regular channels of supply arë cjosed; met> in ; millions .have been summoned from pa hs of industry to war. Britain is fighting for Belgium's right to live; the world's liberties are at stake; Germany.seeks to prostrate Britain as she has prostrated Belgium; threatens the forty million people of England, Scotland, Scotland, Ireland and Wales with starvation; is bombarding peaceful towns and villages, villages, slaughtering innocent and harmless women and children; fertile fields and fruitful gardens of the war zone ate lying in waste and swollen with death, and Canada Canada is called upon-to put forth her mightiest mightiest effort to help stem the tide of destruction, destruction, to ajd the Empire and to profit hersèlf. : Party politics should cut ure in this campaign, though. Farmers should know that it the war were to cnd.yo^morrow, there would still be need for eTetytffortiM ; pMduCtif< j BDtoj for many years must elapse before the devastation that has been caused can be remedied or repaired. To agriculture, in particular, by the waste of life, by the wrecking of property, and by the spreading spreading of desolation, it is in repairing the damage others cause that thè farmers are called upon to aid. It is their mother country that cries to them and all loyal Canadians should respond. The Agricultural Department is engaged engaged in distributing large quantities of literature telling how the farmer can best serve the interests of the empire, display his grateful sense of patriotism and bring profit to himself. In explicit language is pointed out the needs of the situation and - . , how those needs can be met. Above all, the the advice is given to avoid waste. Everything Everything can be utilized. Nothing need be thrown away as valueless. The economy of production is in saving. The wisest çan le rn something by reading, àtid In the Bulletins and Reports xjm \ conditions prepared and written by experts and men of practical science, farmers will find hints, suggestions and information of the greatest possible value at this season, and stich as will advantage both their land and themselves for all time. They will also aid them in their duty to the Empire for the asking. Copies of thés i publications can be had by any One. Address; PUBLICATIONS PUBLICATIONS BRANCH, Department of Agriculture, Agriculture, Ottawa. No postage is required . on application. Wr te to-day-, for free "Patriotism and Production' pamphlets. really important asset, our We are too closely watching the immigration immigration statistics. We do not need more people to be brought to our country so.much as we need to improve improve the manhood and increase the E reducing ability of those who are ere. My answer to your question then is that we should sit down and reason together and prepare plans looking to the care of our people and increasing the efficiency of all classes. If we do that the future of Canada is assured. Ontario could, without any hardship, raise over $5,000,000 annually annually for making the people of this Province Province more efficient. We have organization organization and promotion bodies for nearly nearly everything in Canada, except the one thing most needed--the careful study of national growth and development development of our youth in good citizenship. Since his graduation we have watched watched the career of Dr. C. Ç James and no public man in Canada today, in our opinion, has a saner or more practical outlook on this country's need or delivered morè common sense addresses addresses on educational and general economic economic problems affecting the social welfare welfare and personal pmspei*ity and intellectual intellectual efficiency of Canadians. Were a man of his broad vision, energy energy and executive ability placed at the head of Ontario's educational system it would not be many years before our province would hold a position worthy of this great country. Mr. O. A. Magvath, Ottawa, another man of broad views and an intimate knowledge of agricultural, industrial and other material conditions in our country, in answering. The News' question offers some good" suggestions but does notspecially include improvement improvement in rural public schools. He says in part : "Farm productions must- be made more profitable than under nor- xi<m f LIVE STOCK VALUES no fig Values âfé Well maintained but during 1914 there has beeti à substantial reduction reduction in'.the value of hofSeS and. of swine. It is à cause of general complaint that the demand for horses for other than military purposes has fallen off, and that prices are less by from 25 to 40 or 50 percent than they were in 1913. , Owing to the high price of grain the keeping of swine in the west is said to be no longer a paying proposition. Hogs Have been sold for what they will fetch-- freqüentlÿ for as little as 3/4 c ,P er and many have been marketed in an unfinished unfinished condition. Prices of cattle have been well maintained and the average values for dairy cows and for other horned horned cattle are considerably above those of 1910. The averages per head for all of Canada com-to $127 for hotoes, $57 for milch cow?, $42 for other cattle^ $7 for Sheep and $12 for swine. The following is believed to be a rough 1 approximation of the total value of Canadian' farm live stock in 1914: Horses $37^ 430,000^ cattle $297,iji.ooo, sheep $T4i55 i » 00 9l and : $4*418,000, or an aggregateof $725,>30jw 1 for all descriptions; (a) By seêitig that it is Carried on along along scientific lines. Our Governments are devoting a good deal of attention to that feature. Can more be done ? (b) By reducing the cost between the producer and consumer. Our policy should be to prepare for the new era following the war. This involves a study of the following questions ; (X) What should our immigration policy be ? (2) How can farming be made mors profitable? Until it more profitable than trading, people will continue to pile up in our cities. (a) By bringing the producers and the consumers nearer together. r (b) By reducing the "short haul" cost from the farm to the railway. (c) By greater farm production through more scientific methods. How can we assemble the right groups of mien ■ 'to investigate and study these questions ? Who has the authority aind who will do it ?" These two Canadians have advanced advanced several thoughts for our serious consideration. The Daily News has performed a real public service in giving giving publicity to their views. Good results results will surely follow. For Infants and Children. The Kind You Have Always BougM <1 y Bb&rs the fchgnntureof ,v _ : l: