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! Secrecy of Camp X is Unveiled By Rob Starr During the Second World War, 275 acres of quiet Oshawa farmland was clan- destinly purchased and transformed transformed into Camp X, a spy school where everyone from authors to criminals were taught how. to become international international secret agents. At the helm of this operation was a young Canadian millionaire, William Stevenson. William Stevenson, later codenamed Intrepid by Winston Winston Churchill, was born near Winnipeg in 1896. After graduating graduating from high school he went directly into service in World War One where he fought for 20 months before being wounded wounded in a gas attack. Although he was considered unfit for further combat, he managed to fudge his medical records and become a fighter pilot. Stevenson was later attributed with the downing of the infamous infamous Red Baron's brother, Lothar von Richthofen. At the end of the war he returned to Canada but was recalled to Britain in the 1920s by Admiral "Blinker" Hall, the head of British wartime intelligence. He had read one of Stevenson's wartime papers and was impressed with the Canadian. Hall had set about to gather a cadre of intellectuals and business people with a skill or interest in deciphering coded messages, messages, the direction, he decided, decided, that modern intelligence intelligence must take. Soon, both Hall and Stevenson Stevenson found themselves drawn into a group of scientists that had formed around the First Lord of the British Admirably, Admirably, Winston Churchill. Churchill had become alarmed alarmed about the buildup of Germany's military and found men like Stevenson useful for spying on the Germans under the guise of legitimate business business interests. Stevenson, meanwhile, had amassed enough money from his various enterprises to make him a millionaire before the age of 30. Churchill's warnings that the German military buildup was a preparation for war fell mostly on deaf ears in Britain. In the United States, however, American president Franklin Roosevelt, while shunning any overt support for Churchill, agreed to the exchange of American and British intelligence. intelligence. William Stevenson was appointed the director of the British Security Coordination's Coordination's (BSC) secret New York offices and the liaison between Roosevelt and Churchill. One of his first assignments was to crack the mystery behind Germany's coding-decoding machine, Enigma. The typewriter-like typewriter-like machine had moveable drums attached to its keys. When a message was typed out, it could be scrambled scrambled by moving the drums and only unscrambled by someone with another machine whose drums were in the same position. position. When the code dictating the movement of the drums was finally cracked it meant the Allies could decipher German orders without the knowledge of the Nazis. Stevenson, now codenamed Intrepid, for security reasons, began to search for a place where Allied spys could train for world-wide espionage missions. He decided the place must be close to the New York headquarters of the BSC and at the same time easily accessible by both British and American agents. The place he chose on the north shore of Lake Ontario was bordered by Oshawa and Whitby. The 275 acres of farmland farmland that was to become the camp was owned by four families families who all sold to a real estate company. That company, company, John Jennings and Rural Reality, were the agents used to purchase the land and all the money used, according to the book A Man Called Intrepid, belonged to Stevenson. Camp X was established in the autumn of 1941 and completed, completed, with much help by the Canadian Corps of Engineers, by December of the same year. It was guarded on the south by Lake Ontario and on the north by a strip of dense bush. When it finally became necessary to explain the giant radio tower at the camp to the curious residents of Oshawa, the CBC took the initiative and responsibility for the structure structure saying it was part of their own broadcasting equipment. Aspidistra, added in 1943, was the biggest radio communication communication unit in the world at the time. Much of the war's most sensitive information passed through this tower. The underground underground transmitter that linked Camp X with British intelligence intelligence around the world was called Hydra. The trainees at Camp X came from varied and incongruous incongruous backgrounds. There was Noor Inayat Khan, codenamed codenamed Madeleine, a children's children's author who was sent to occupied France as a radio operator for one of the most dangerous spy units. She never returned. There was Jasper Maske- lyne who specialized in illusion illusion and deception. Maskelyne shocked FBI head J. Edgar Hoover by creating the mirage of German battleships on Lake Ontario by using toy ships and mirrors. Specialized criminals were also employed for specific tasks like safecracking. safecracking. Ian Fleming, the creator of James Bond- and one of Canada's unsung heroes, Frank Pickersgill, both trained trained at the camp. Pickersgill and another Canadian, John McAllister, were captured in France and taken to a Gestapo headquarters where they were tortured but resisted talking about their mission, or other agents. After some time both were shipped off to camps to be killed. Then, the Nazis began to intercept some transmissions transmissions intended for Pickersgill Pickersgill and, realizing his potential importance as a double agent, brought him out of Rawicz offering to feed and clothe him. Pickersgill was weak, starving, and abused but still refused to accept the Nazis' hospitality. They even offered to show him the more interesting interesting sights of Paris as a ges ture of their good will, but, still suspicious, he refused. During one of is subsequent interrogations, Pickersgill broke a bottle that had been sitting on a table in front of him and killed an SS guard with the jagged end. He then jumped from a second story window and tried to make his escape but was brought down in a burst of gunfire. The Nazis took him to a hospital where he received the best medical attention Germany Germany had to offer. Once recovered, recovered, he was again asked to assist the Nazis and again he refused. This time Frank Pickersgill was labeled Rueckkehr Unerwuenscht (Night and fog-return not required.) required.) Training at Camp X strove for both realism and deception. deception. Some of the gadgets used by agents included explosive loaves of bread, fountain pens that squirted cyanide, logs that exploded when thrown on a fire and exploding artificial animal droppings. Perhaps the most solemn piece of equipment issued to agents was the Lypill. The pill was designed for use upon capture and if swallowed accidently would pass through the body without harm. If bitten, however, however, it would cause swift death. Training was always carried out with live ammunition. ammunition. Agents would sometimes be flown into the Orono forest, dropped from a thousand feet, or told to find their way back, to the camp from Orillia as best they could. They might even by given a, bundle Of dummy explosives to test their skills by placing them at a nearby generating station. If an agent was ever caught, a special bracelet identified them to the RCMP. One-man submarines and demolition devices were tested in the lake. Dummy buildings were created to familiarize agents with locations in Europe. Despite all the careful precautions precautions that were taken to ensure an agent's safety, a style of dress that was unusual or a foreign notepad could give away a spy in occupied territory. To ease this danger people were positioned in major airports airports and seaports whose job it was to steal garmets or belongings from travellers under the guise of a customs inspection. The garments, which were sometimes taken from a laundry after several >, MIDWAY MIDWAY MIDWAY MIDWAY MIDWAY § <1 h . • in g MIDWAY MOTORS I Q 1300 Dundas St. E., Whitby 668-6828 ^ § MIDWAY MIDWAY MIDWAY MIDWAY MIDWAY H Sméatctotaê 'KitcÂeu *)cUei! DON'T É=M:1 OUT! CHANGE ONLY THE FRONTS OF YOUR OLD KITCHEN CABINETS SAVE 40%-60% ENJOY A NEW-LOOKING KITCHEN AND Planning to remodel your kitchen? 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DURHAM NORTHUMBERLAND ^ ROY GRIERSON & Approved by (-"rod McLaughlin, oflicial agoni lor Roy Grierson, Durham Northumberland Now Domocrntlc Parly. days of tailing, were always paid for. The stolen articles were subsequently shipped to Camp X where substation M, whose expertise lay in the forgery department, made careful replicas. Perhaps the grandest scheme ever planned at the camp was the assassination of Reinhard Heydrich, The Butcher of Praque. Hitler had written Heydrich asking the Nazis commander in occupied occupied Czechoslovakia to draw up plans for the execution of a large number of Czechs. Heydrich, thought to be favoured as Hitler's successor, successor, was murdered by Camp X agents as he drove to deliver the plans. Although the agents and a large number of Czech civilians died in the Nazi retribution, the plan is thought to have sparked life in the Czech resistance. Shortly after World War Two, Camp X was handed over to the Canadian Army who altered it for use by the Canadian Corps of Signalls. In 1969, the camp was declared surplus and the land was turned turned over to the Crown Assets Disposal Corporation. Extensive Extensive vandalism was responsible responsible for so much damage at the site that all of the original buildings had to be torn down. The facts about the BSC and Camp X were disclosed in the early 1970's. An Oshawa Alderman, Alan Dewar, headed headed a research team that was responsible for uncovering more of the information that had previously been held secret. His plans to recreate the camp on its original location ran into stiff opposition from the Oshawa District Labour Council who felt the project, which would have included a naval station and aviation museum, was too costly. The Camp X museum is now located located at the Oshawa Airport. Letter to The Editor Bowmanville, Ont. Augs. 6th/84 General Delivery, L1C 3K1 To: CRTC Ottawa, Ont. Box 110 Subject: Offensiveness, tastelessness of some radio and TV Much of it Canadian I content!!! viz. ("Bizaar" on CTV To wh'om it may concern or apply, With all due respect and sincerity so many Canadians Canadians ask of you, to do whatever whatever may be necessary to stop the raucousness of extremely extremely high decible "Rock" sounds emanating from radio and now TV stations. stations. Some of the same stations stations that carry this advice from the Medical Assoc, of Canada now assail us with the objectionable, as well as harmful sights AND sounds of video-rock. It takes a lot of searching on radio dials to tune in a sound that isn't harmful as well to individuals hearing- hearing- or well being. The point of all this unseemly racket may be categorized as "just part of the scene" of the times in which we live. However, it should be the responsibility of TV sta- ions and radio to left and educate, with all the authority authority vested in CRTC. Otherwise what function and authority does CRTC have for the general public whom it alledgedly serves? Sincerely, R.A. Lilley General Delivery, Bowmanville, Ont. L1C 3K1 P.S. After watching "60 Minutes", Minutes", "The Buyers & The Sellers", this letter seems to have lost its point. The medium of entertainment or vvhat used to be our medium of home entertainment, entertainment, seems to have been turned into a racket by the money-merchant bandits in the selling of shows to the stations we enjoy watching. Sad, isn't it? Sport used to be plain good sport and entertainment entertainment of various types just that, now it's all become part of The Money Merchant racket? R.A. Lilley Now Available Flash-Frozen Strawberries Asparagus Rhubarb Peas Cherries Gooseberries Black Currants Raspberries mSmillan ORCHARDS Hwy. No, 2 Belwwn A|i< 1 Whitby 686-0388 686-2531 Section Two The Canadian Statesman, Bowmanville, August 15,1984 3 ** y Charter Meeting of Optimists Held in Bowmanville Several Optimist Clubs from Zone 8 were represented at the Bowmanville Charter meeting, including, 1-r, Governor Gord Hull, Grant Livie, Dist. New Club Building Chairman of Ajax, Dave Sargent, President of the Oshawa sponsoring club, Bruno Gauveiler, chairman New Club Building, Oshawa; Chartered. President Sam Ivanoff and Dick Crealock, Gov.Èlect, Mississauga. Many New Faces in Yelverton Area Enumeration for the federal federal election has now been completed as of Thursday, August 2nd. Somehow we managed to get ourselves involved in this responsibility for the first time and found it quite interesting. Didn't realize how tight the time schedules must be to get the lists made up and available for public scrutiny. Hope we didn't miss anyone in our sector 34R of Concession Concession 4 -12 and Lots 1 - 8 inclusive inclusive in Manvers Township. Township. Wednesday, August 15th is the magical date for anyone who may be missed, or think that he or she is missed, to contact the enumerator for their area between 10 a.m. and 10 p.m. to get added (or subtracted). We didn't realize how many new residents had moved in to our area in the past few years. Only got bit once by a dog in the process of enumerating -- by an inno-, cent looking white poodle with sharp teeth and a violent violent temper. Congratulations are extended extended to Mr. and Mrs. Joe Aylward of Yelverton on the safe arrival of a new infant infant this week--a new little "caboose" for the "Yelverton "Yelverton Express." Church services were resumed resumed on Sunday, August 5th with Mr. Dennis Fransky officiating following following a month of holidays. As usual following holidays, the turnout was not too large. Unfortunately the Franskys were called home early from their trip to the east coast due to the passing of Dennis' grandmother. Sympathy is extended. During During their absence renovations renovations were made to the parsonage parsonage which were not completed completed prior to their return. Mr. and Mrs. Howard Malcolm Malcolm spent a couple of days this week in Ottawa. Corrie and Harvey Malcolm Malcolm and a couple of "coloured "coloured girls" from this area, namely Mrs. Hazel 'Gray' and Mrs. Audrie 'Brown' enjoyed enjoyed a four day trip to the province of Quebec. The destination destination of the trip was the Festival of Tall Ships in Quebec City where we spent a day inspecting the sailing ships that were still there, a tour of Quebec city including including the Citadel and the Plains of Abraham -- even the spot where Wolf was supposed to have died. Other interesting items were a boat tour of the 1000 Isles, a short stop in Montreal and an overnight stay and tour of our capital city. Hats off to our tour guide and coach driver of Denure Travel for a fine holiday. Miss Mona Malcolm joined a collection of her peers for a weekend at Feversham near Collington where two teams participated participated in two ball tourneys conducted there. Their efforts efforts met with considerable success with the men's team winning and the girls' team picking up the consolation prize. Marti, Jane and Dionne Malcolm spent the weekend at the Fick cottage at Eagle Lake. Mitzi Fick enjoyed a day this week with old school friends Pam Carmichael, Carmichael, Janice Hunter and Marleah Bowin. Just like old times. 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