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i y 10 The Canadian Statesman, Bowmanville, Wednesday, September 11,1991 Section Two For Your Information 50 Years as a Nursery Veteran From Page 4 This was especially useful useful when we hit sales of over one million plants in one year alone for Chines elm hedging plants. When WWII was over the returning veterans veterans had the privilege of purchasing cheap land for a home. The idea struck us that they could not afford to fence the 5 acres but could afford to mark the boundary by a hedge. We sold Chinese elm seedlings mail order -- 25 plants for $2.98 plus a free Red Spirea as a premium. premium. We used the classified section in anything that we could with a definite format. Sales mushroomed. We realized realized that we had a winner - but what about the competition? competition? So each year we purchased purchased all the available Chinese Chinese elm seed from any source that offered seed including including "Herbst" in New York and "Ansoloni" in Italy. It is one thing to grow nursery nursery stock but you have to be able to merchandise the same at a profit. ForYour by Dr. Janice Aluln and Dr. Everett Turner FLEAS Summer is in the home stretch, the apples are ripening, back to school ads are everywhere and the fleas are running rampant. Yes, once again we are in the middle of our flea season. The dog's scratching is keeping everyone awake at night, the cat has scabs all over - her hair is everywhere, and the kids have red marks on their legs. If any of this sound familiar, your pets and your household may have a flea problem. The flea is an ubiquitous little critter that has been with man and his animals for eons. They come in many types. Our concern is with the ones found on the dog and cat. If you have a dog or cat, sooner or later you will discover fleas. They can be found on pets at any time of the year, but the peak season in this area appears to be from the latter part of July until mid October. Fleas are small, laterally compressed (appear flattened) brown to black insects. They do not fly but are quite adept at hopping and running. Fleas feed on blood. They prefer dogs and cats but if hungry enough will sample a human or two. They do not live on their host. They come to feed but spend much of their time in the host's environment ie. bedding, bedding, rugs, sofas etc. The most common sign of flea infestation is scratching. Dogs tend to scratch and bite at the hind quarters and tail- head. Cats tend to scratch around the neck and tailhead. Consequently, these areas arc good spots to look for fleas, as is the groin area. Because fleas are fast, adept at hiding, and arc not always present on the animal, they may be hard to find. One researcher estimated that for every flea found on the animal as many as 10-20 may be missed! An important important tell-tale sign of flea infestation is the presence of flea dirt (feces) on the hair and skin of the animal. The droppings droppings arc small, about the size of pepper, black and often comma shaped. Fleas are annoying to your pet. They can result in many secondary skin conditions, bacterial infections, seborrhoea, hair loss, and flea allergy dermatitis. Serious infestation can lead to anaemia and debilitation. Fleas can transmit a type of tapeworm to your dog or cat. All scratching is not flea related. Consult your veterinarian if your pet appears to be incessantly itchy. Fleas are very hardy and can be difficult to eradicate. The animal and the environment must be treated to be successful. successful. For the animal there are various forms of insecticidal insecticidal powders, sprays, foams, and shampoos available. Start with a flea bath, then apply a residual insecticide. For the home environment a residual premises product should be used. In some cases flea infestation in the environment may be severe enough to warrant professional pest control. Caution Caution must be exercised in the treatment of pets and premises. premises. For example some products may be toxic to young animals animals birds and fish. It is best to consult your veterinarian for the products best suited to your animal and circumstances. circumstances. Dr. Alui n and Dr. Turner are vcterinariai the Durham Veterinary Clinic. is with Please address all questions to them in c The Canadian Statesman are of 62 Kirij i St. W., Bowmanville, Ontario, LI C3K9 After WWII we worked with the CNR immigration department and brought some very knowledgeable nursery personnel to Canada. Canada. It paid off for them and for us. A couple of people who followed that route with Brookdale became prominent prominent and successful m the nursery industry. We knew that they came to Brookdale from Europe to learn what they could from us but we also had the advantage of their work and learned from them - a situation of mutual success. Before the early 40's, over-winter storage (which permitted fall digging) was not widely practiced. Working Working with the National Research Research Council in Ottawa they developed for us a winter winter storage which permitted us to store all kinds of nursery nursery stock where we could control the humidity, the temperature, and disease. Better still we could keep a fuller work force the year round and thus eliminate a lot of seasonal help. It also gave us a better quality of worker and helped to even off the peak season problem which all nurseries endure. Plastic covering for greenhouses (substituting for glass) was not known to the industry at that time. Neither were rubber budding budding strips used in the operation operation of budding. Up until 1942 the industry used "raffia", "raffia", specially prepared in the process of making a solid joint between the eye or bud and the wild root understock. understock. The introduction of a simple piece of rubber gave better results and saved many man hours. Fifty years ago the largest largest volume of nursery stock sales in the retail trade was accomplished by the use of door-to-door salesman. The H.C. Downham Nursery of Strathrov, Bowmanville and AbbotsVille, Quebec were the leaders in this method of sales. Orders were solicited from customers during the summer, fall and winter. The orders were sent into head office weekly. These were office processed and the stock was assembled and made ready for early spring delivery to a central delivery point. The customer was notified by mail what day and where to pick up his oraér. Farmers 50 years ago made up the greater proportion proportion of customers whereas the sale of ornamentals formed a very minor portion of the total dollar volume sold. Nursery stock sales consisted mostly of fruit trees and fruit bushes and the odd treat of a Spirea for the wife of the house. The old telephone system with an operator in every village was not very modernistic modernistic but a boon especially to us who did business in the Niagara area where the fruit growers lived. If we could get the local operator she had a wealth of knowledge. knowledge. We would ask her all kinds of questions about the Fun facts -- "*v ;~-y A»-.,-----V' r ,--V,-*- -- fl SEE. CAN MATCH PUlllE % D Jr%es. i 4 NORWAY JAPAN U.S. A. SCOUANO FRANCE ! ! ANSWER: Jiiem bllVUOOS 's/V3M5 'AVMWH Vr 1 ! /nai9 - NVdVT , C/lVI(V50'r/S3MCU.'J5NVaj , T . .-- --L .. i&sœsBBasa K99W00I •Arc cattails edible? They are. In fact, at some time during the year, every part is. edible -- the root, stalk, bloom spikes, leaves and all. •Every year, about 350 earthquakes shake California. California. Only 45 of them can be felt by people. •We all know mice like to cat cheese. But did you know they also love chocolate? •Appearances can be deceiving: Gorillas arc very ficrcc-looking animals, but they arc actually quite gentle. In fact, they don't even kill other animals for food -- they arc vegetarians, and in bed by 6 p.nt.l •What is the ozone layer, anyway? Up in the sky, there's a layer of gas called ozone. It's above the air we breathe. This ozone is good: It blocks out many harmful sun rays. But now, die ozone layer is being damaged by gases called CFCs and batons. These float up to the ozone layer and "cat it up." •A chicken (or other bird) is the only animal people cat before it's bom and after it's dead. •Believe it or not, Utcrc's a tribe of people in Malaysia (in soudieast Asia) who get sick when Utey walk on dry land. These people arc called the Bajaus. They live on boats, rocking on the water from birth to dcaUt, Strolling along the shore actually makes them dizzy! •How much of an oilslick would three barrels of oil spilled at sea create? It would cover two square miles of the ocean. What a wastcl •Why arc almost all cameras cameras black? For no special reason at all. It's just what people are used to. •There is such a thing as a two headed snake! Occasionally, these freaks- of-naturc are born, and even though they share the same stomach, the two heads fight over food. •A cantcl can drink a whole bathtub filled with water -- non-stop! •Brrrrrr! The Alaskan blackfish allows itself to freeze in the winter waters. When the spring arrives, the ice melts and the blackfish thaws out and swims normally. normally. •Hungry? Maybe, but that doesn't mean your stomach is empty. Sometimes certain nutrients arc missing from your blood, and the message is sent to tlte "I'm hungry" area of your brain. •Why does an ant invade your picnic? Because it can smell the food with its five noses! •What's the most fierce animal in the sea? The shark? Maybe, but if it's in a battle with an octopus, bet on ol' eight legs. •Have you ever seen a blue person? They do exist! The Garui Tribe in Arabia arc known for their "blue" complexions. The production production of the Indigo plant, which is a deep blue color, is their principal industry. They die their clothes in the blue solution and smear their skin with it to prevent sickness. The tribe has been practicing this for hundreds of years...even the children are now born with blue complexions. •Can you clean your cars with your tongue? A giraffe crut with no problcml K9910002 I THE CAME Of CHECKERS COES BACK A VERUOHC WAV. THERE IS EVIDENCE THAT II WAS FIAVED BV EGVPTIANS MORE THAN 1000 YEARS B.C. by AL ® TO LIFT A PERSON WHO WEIGHS MORE THAN YOURSELF MAY BE QUITE AN EFFORT. HOWEVER, AN ANT HAS THE STRENGTH TO LIFT SOMETHING 50 TIMES ITS OWN WEIGHT! IN THE EARLY DAYS OF CANNONS, GUN POWDER WAS UNRELIABLE AND COULD SHATTER THEIR BARRELS. BARRELS. IN THE 1500i, HOWEVER, BETTER UNDERSTANDING OF GUNPOWDER GUNPOWDER ENABLED CANNONS TO BE USED ON SHIPS AND CHANGED NAVAL WARFARE. K99im0i location of the farm or how to get in touch with the farmer whose name (most were foreign) we had not originally noted correctly. She always came through with a helping hand, whereas whereas today you simply get a computerized message. In those days it was common common for nurseries to supply a prospective purchaser with a proposed landscape plan for his home free of charge hoping to get an order. order. Many hours were devoted devoted to drawing plans for no remuneration. Door-to-door salesman did a lot of this. Lawyers especially would keep you on the telephone for hours picking your brains for answers to questions questions which they in turn would use to their advantage advantage in a court case. All this for free! These procedures are what gave me the idea of starting the first full time Horticultural Consulting Company in America - which idea had later resulted resulted (after a talk I gave in Philadelphia to the "International "International Shade Tree Conference") Conference") to the formation of the present day "American Society of Consulting Arborists" Arborists" organization. We had no unions - no job descriptions. When a job was to be done, everyone pitched in. If you had a complaint complaint you went ,to the foreman foreman or the boss yourself. We tried very hard to have Plant Patents introduced in the 50's. We even had a Royal Royal Commission hearing in Ottawa with now Judge Grant Henderson. In those days jealousy in the industry industry was rampant. Some of the very people who openly opposed plant patents at that time later became proponents proponents of the same Act which now protects all plant breeders. The nursery industry has changed almost completely in many respects in 50 years. It will change just as much in the next 50. New techniques and knowledge such as tissue culture - a better knowledge of plant breeding, gene selection, DNA, will in my opinion revolutionize revolutionize the plant kingdom to man's direct benefit. Growing methods are changing and will continue to change very much. In my opinion nearly all plants will be produced by such processes processes (to name a few) as hydroponics hydroponics and drip irrigation (ns is now done in Israel) because because of water shortages. Practically, everything will be container grown. With the advent of free trade and easy quick transportation I envision most plants in the young stages being started and produced up to a point in the warmer places such as Mexico because of the climate climate and the labor costs. These started plants will be grown on in containers in Canada where they will have been acclimatized. This will in my opinion all be f ood for the industry if we now how to adjust for the greatest leverage as each problem presents itself. The little ad in the American American Nurseryman and its job of $30 per week permitted me to retire financially at 47 years of age. We never know what the future has in store for us until we go to work - a great challenge today for any young nursery person. This story was provided courtesy of the Horticulture Review CLUES ACROSS I. Fail lo pay (7) 5. Pool (5) 7. Repair (7) 8. Pluck (5) 10. Slender (4) 11. Saturated (8) 13. Servant (6) 14. Breathing disorder (6) 17. Praiseworthy (8) 19. Reverse (4) 21. Same again (5) 22. Vultures (7) 23. Dwarf tree (5) 24. Glimpsed (7) CLUESDOWN 2. Vogue (7) 3. Oil (4) 4. Hypothesis (6) 5. Benevolence (8) 6. Burning stick (5) 7. Looked like (9) 9. Tries (9) 12. Underground cave (8) 15. Free sample (7) 16. Trousers (6) 18. Speak (5) 20. Difficulty (4) SOLUTIONS anus 'or -«min Ri spnis'9i lnopucii -g] quioauno TI sJOAuapu:] •(, paiquiaso}] •/, tpjo.L -q ssauptuji -ç Xioaqj. > uodfl '£ uojqsiy -g NMOCI paiqSiS 'K qiui|S 4 ZZ sjopucrj 'll oniCTlZ opufl '61 oiqupnuq •/,[ miiqisv >| pmiow '£| paipuaiQ • 11 unis'01 '8 'L AllM'S H'"i.PG T ssoaov September 8-14 ARIES-March 21/April 20 Changes taking place at home, and changing trends in partnerships, are for the better; in fact, whatever changes arc going on around you now will be good. It's a nice time, too, for applying for official positions. positions. Anything related to officialdom officialdom benefits from a combination of solar and Uranian influences. TAURUS-April 21/May 21 Saturday sees you slightly under par, but it will soon pass. You won't be anticipating what takes place this week, but you should certainly welcome welcome it. Someone puts a golden opportunity your way now. You're sometimes reluctant to try new things, but it would be a mistake lo shy away from them now. GEMINI - May 22/June 21 For those.of you who do any selling, it's a time lo put what's new on the market. For those seeking employment, employment, it's a time to go after what will bring you new skills and experience in unfamiliar areas of activity. Minor problems with gums or teeth need professional attention; don't delay, or things could get worse. CANCER - June 22/July 22 This should be a thrilling week for those of you who arc in love or looking looking for romance. And, for those of you engaged in creative work, it will be an inspirational time, a period when you. surpass yourself in originality. originality. LEO - July 23/Augiisl 23 You'll have no trouble handling business affairs -- the financial outlook outlook is especially bright now. In other respects, it's a time for sticking to the usual everyday routine. This may be a rather boring phase, but at least it will be a trouble-free one. VIRGO - August 24/Sept 22 You can't go wrong during this favorable spell. You have a clear road ahead of you, so step out briskly. You'll get out of the week what you pul into it, so exercise your driving force to full capacity. It's not, however, a good week to begin a new romance. LIBRA - September 23/Oct 23 You don't usually enjoy being alone, but at this time you'll welcome the fact that you're being left in peace to get on with what you must do on your own. Free of interruptions, you can collect your thoughts and reach the right decisions about matters on your mind. Make money matters the chief focus of attention now. SCORI'IO - October 24/Nov 22 Good news reaches you from various various sources, so you'll have much more incentive for tackling all you have lo do now. Social invitations will be the ones you're really happy lo accept. It's a very good week for dealing with work which requires much analytical effort. SAGITTARIUS - Nov 23/IJcc 21 Although matters at hand won't reach their final stage, you'll be very pleased with the progress they arc making. This week's events give you a preview of the eventual outcome of the things you're working on, sb you can take it for granted that what you're striving for will be achieved in due time. CAPRICORN -Dec 22/Jan 20 You'll be full of optimism this week and it will be justified. In fact, this is an exceptionally good period for taking taking chances and yielding to ambitious ambitious impulses. Line up business appointments, social dates, or make future travel bookings. AQUARIUS-January 21/I'cb 18 Your workload may not be any lighter, but you'll get through it more easily and the atmosphere in your working surroundings will be free from tension. From a business standpoint, this is a period when you can easily reach agreements with your coworkers or others. It's a nice time for occupying yourself with a hobby, especially one which selves a practical purpose. PISCES - February 19/March 21) High cosmic energy makes this a week which favors the speculator or investor; if you're handling stocks and shares your judgement will be good. It is easy to influence other people, especially those near and dear to you, YOUR BIRTHDAY THIS WEEK The next 12 months: As far as success and happiness are concerned, the planets will aid and abet your efforts to add to both. In fact, you may be so inspired in the next twelve months that you won't know what hit you! Ideas and plans simply flow from you, but you will need Jo be practical about them as well. Generally, the forthcoming year could be one in which you learn to translate your thoughts into reality. > T «- , s . 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