The following text may have been generated by Optical Character Recognition, with varying degrees of accuracy. Reader beware!

fcriptii [cer'tified Executor >3 of the pdjhere- tlalms of crl Hons 0 then“ nty and Drepa it anuary, SON, xecutor die¢ .‘rIYEN DI OW ll A I) 5130 interesting Items About Our Own Contrary, Great Britain. the United States, and All Parts of the Globe. Condensed and W for Buy Reading. CANADA. Quebec Provincial elections are an- nounced for May 11. _‘ Mayor Bingham of Ottawa. has glven his February salary to shambles. "mn nnf_ £110qu There. is a good demand for farm orers and domesti improvmg works. D-l ¢COLUI,UUL. Eh. \V. C. Macdonaid of Montreal has made another gift to McGill Umi- varsity amounting to over $600,000. " Town. Comncil is con- ' bility of passing a ng a tax upon bicycles. Captain Provost of the Montreal: ifire brigade, has decided to accept the offer to become. chief of Ottawa fire brigade. Mr. Geo. H. Orr iof (I‘oronto has been AWN. procidpnt of the Canadian The ‘ Kingston has GLOSBd d0“? after next Week, a week. Â¥ The. ORB. have veyors out to sout bia to survey 3' ra country. The Montreal 8 ings for February crease of $2,557 0 Mr. “111 don, “215‘ 1 the 0.193. Mr. Laurier sat. Bio-mt real. ”W hen presented to the P real friends. .lC-LLJ. 1.1 Lbuxng. A Fish and Game Protective Associa- tion has been organized in \Voodstocski, to see that the game laws are enforced and to stock certain districts with quail. A\ delegation from the parishes along the south shore of the St. Lawrence waited on the Ministry at Ottawa to urge the extension of the Intercolonial : ‘--L~â€"-An‘ On Thursday afternoon three small boys fell through the ice at Chatham, when four men went to their rescue and also fell in. It was with great dif- ficulty that all seven were finally res- cued. A The Hamilton 0 making a. tel-- cas lottery under the Promotive of Art real comes under annual report of the C 3 year 1896 shows net. e Atlan'tic steamers arriving 1n Lure Clyde report extremely tempestuous weather the last few days. 'vl‘he qtatement that Bio-n .EXlStS betwepn Gr Belgmm regardmg .1 lue W‘" ‘-â€"â€"â€".â€" _ The statement that a state of ten- sion .exwts between Great Britain and eign" Office, which declares that the ne- 3 gotiations 9n the subject are pro- ceeding amlca 1y. UL .- 8111ng of Ottawa. has given ary salary to charities. 'â€"three private bills are em- the coming sessmn of Parka.- its ‘gston coiton mill, which down temporarily, W111. "mob nnh.’ run: three (lays stoc' re HE-“ brualy were $89, 951, an mâ€" 2557 over the Sam ier sat for his portrait in \Vhen completed it. will be 0 the Premler by 1118 Mont- fiion Without oppo- appointed by Camâ€" y to consider the ques‘ degrees to women re- net; earnings Eli-Governor J ohm D. Long, of Bing- ham, Mesa, has acce ted the navy port- foho in President cKinley's Cabinet. ‘ MI. Cornelius N. #11: has accepted a positlon Cabinet, probably the the Inte-rlor. UL ‘vv The directors of Mount Holyoke C01â€" lege amnolunce the gift to the college 013340000 for a dormltory by John D. Rockefeller. The mining town of W'yoming, Pa... with a. population of four thousand inâ€" habitants, is caving in, and it; is feared it will be engulfed in the mine on which it is built. ' ‘_â€"- Aml a'nce requiring vtongcconists a. hundred d olgxarelttes. President; Cleveland, on \V’ednesuay; signed the bill authorizing the con- - " of a railway bridge over thel St. Lawrence river, connecting Boga ansport, N. Y., and Cornwall, Ont. Commercial reports from the United States indicate no particular change in the general condition of trade across the line; it is claimed that there is in progress a steady, although slow improvement, as a better demand for nmanafs annears to be experienced all liabifi’ti’és, which latter 9n to {Lha Cfl'uth‘I} for some tn: erased 1n glvmg large 0: Since the begin Bombay thewe h: and 6,979 deaths. It is reported in *Canea: Mussulmans who _ we‘re cont fortress near Sehno have b cred. Bernard has .been destroyed by an av- alanche, and the monks had t,o.t.unne1- through the snow to make thelr exit. Three Frenc’h battles-hips anda cru- iser have been ordered to sail immedi- ately from Toulon for the Island of Crete, to reinforce the French fleet in 1 1;] 5.. :CBD A great public meeting was held on Thursday ~n1ght.at Athens to protest against the action of the powers. At its conclusion the crowd marched to the “\Var! war! war!” and were addressed by the Crown Prince. The Italian Embassy at Constantin- Ople has demanded formal satisfaction for the firing of a shot across the- bows of an“ Italian mail steamer while pass- through the Straits of the Dardanâ€" elles on Tuesday by one of “uhze forts on. shore, although the vessel displayed the usual signals and had obtained ; pratique. _â€" 1 r-_ Afirlnvnf‘ flip teen days and warn regate to themselves the ' their own interpretation up stitution of the country. Idea That It llisos and fails “1th the Seasmn Is Erroncous. Sap is a watery fluid found in the it the materials required for the life and growth of the cell. The" idea that branc is often frozen. . This is seen especially in {he tvngs of h1ckory,whlch ' ' 1d weather are as brittle as tie céfis only game aggrees 1 mg 9011!? beginning of the plague at awe have been 8,383 cases GE NERAL. D1130: V‘- “"'" ' tion in the McKinley the SecretaI‘YS‘hlP 01“. Still.» 3 all :fuitsncollieries, Bliss, o’g' New York; 1"th 1‘.- of the monqsfiery of St. \/ w;“Vâ€"- Ire confined in the have been massaâ€" ; Holvoke Col- to the college ouncil, by the \Vednesday, that 2,000 Mommas OF THE KNIFE.\ ANIESTHETICS A GREAT BOON SUFFERING HUMANITY. “'hat Surgical Many Years Victim of A Fashiun. One of the most interesting papers read at the recent celebration in Bos- ton of the fiftieth anniversary of the gical Operation was that by Dr. John AShhurst, of this city, on “Surgery Be- fore the Days of Anaesthetics.” It vividly recalls the horrors of those days when the surgeon’s knife was an obâ€" ject of far greater terror than now, and inflicted untold tortures upon the conscious patient. “A study, of the condition of. surgery before the days of anaesthesia,” said D. Ashhurst', “reveals on the one hand a picture of heroic boldness and master- ly self-control on the part of the surâ€" geon, and on the other a ghastly pano- rama, sometimes of stoic fortitude and endurance, sometimes of abject ter- , ror and humiliationâ€"but always of required "the surgeon’s aid. “The ‘pitilessn'ess’ which Ceicus urgâ€" ed as an essential trait in the. operative surgeon was before the days of anaesâ€" thesia, a feature in the Surgeon’s career, which impressed very strongly the public generally as well as those immediately connected with the opera- tion. It is interesting to recall that Sir James Simpson of Edinbourgh, shortly after beginning his professional studies, was so affected by seeing the terrible agony of a poor Highland woman under amputation: of the breast, that he re- solved to' abandon amedical career and ‘i seek other occupation, happily his in- etntion-s was reconsidered, and he re- turned to his studies, asking himself. ‘Can anything be done to make opera- tions Less painful?’ and,- as every one knows, in less Than twenty years became a high priest of. anaethesia, and the in- troducer into surgical and obsterical practice oi e'ther’s great. rival, chloroâ€" form. “This belief that operations might be rendered painless. appears to have been present in the Inmds of surgeons from the earliest periods. . Witness the acâ€" counts of the Memphis stone, described by Dioscorides and Pony, which by steeping in vinegar was made to give forth the fumes of carbonic acid; and' of the mandragora, employed, according ‘ to Theodoric, .When .mixed with other narcotics, by Inhalation! and causing, a‘ sleep from whlch a patient could only be aroused by the fumes of vmegan INSTRUMENTS OF TERROR. sponge wherein opium 18' but warns his readers that. the praoigice is dangerous, because the use 035 011111-111 is sometimes followed by gangrene: In his work on ‘Natural Magic’, Baptista Porta speaks of a Volatile drug ke t in leaden vesâ€" sels, which pro duce sleep when apâ€". plied to the nostrils, and Perrin sug- gests that this must actually have: been ether or some other of the modem anae sthe't 10 agents . 11'." a a anm a. â€" ‘AA.‘“H+:AM EWSLHUD 1‘) we “Mental préI-Bocupatio’n was serpe- tirges so ht palq. Ric WAS IT KNOWN BEFORE- L pcraflons Meant Not So ’5 Ago lo the li’ntortunate An Operation in Primitive TO by engaging in the composition of a treatise on mineralogy, while his un- fortunate servant and fellow prisoner, who had' not the same intellectual re- sources, was ‘hungry enough for both. RISK OF SUDDEN DEATH. 3 "But the presence of pain was not the only evil dreaded by our predeces- sors in attempting important oper- ations. The great risk of fatal accident from some involuntary movement of the patient was constantly present to the .mind of ”the conscientious sur eon. ‘How often,’ says Dr. Valentine Jott, ‘when Operating in some deep, dark wound, along the course of some great vein. with thin walls alternately dis- tended and flaccid with the vital cur- rentâ€"how often have I dreaded that LV’HE" -__' some unfortunate struggle of the pa- tient would deviate the knife :1. little from its proper course. and that, I, who fain would be the deliverer, should in- voluntadirly become the executioner, seeing my patient perish in my hands bv the most appalling form of death! Had he. been insensible, I should have felt. no alarm.’ L ' “u w‘w‘ “Coming down: to the days more im- mediately preceding the date of the great discovery, we find that opium and alcohol were the only agents which continued to be regarded as of prac- tical value in diminishing the pain of operations, though the attendant disâ€" advantages oi their employment were, of course, recognized. Meanwhile facts were accumulating. the significance of W‘h‘lC-h we. now pa ainly recognize, but which excited nso a_ttentio_n. ‘I “Sir Humphrey Davy, in fhe early days of ‘the nineteenth century. sug- gested “the use of nitrous oxide gas as an: anaesthetic in minor operations, and it! was the custom at some of our medical schoolsâ€"at the_Unive§sitly 9f uLW~A Uu'ulvv Pennsylvania. for oneâ€"for students to! breathe ‘laughing gas.’ as it was then ‘ called for diversion. But. yetâ€"and. yet â€"â€"surgeons went: on, in everv coiuntry. cutting and burning, and patients went on writhing and screaming, until on the 16th day of October, in the year 1846, in the Massachusetts General Hbspit’al, Dr. John C. Warren painless- ly removed a tumor from a man who had previously been. etherized by Dr. \Villiam T. G. Merton, and surgical anaesthesia became the priceless herit- age of the civilized world.” sax-5'.“ “ 5' GOOD MANNERS. What a theme! It is inexhaustible. How often in on rintercourses, in ma- turer years, we see in our fellow beings i the evil of ill breeding, of careless man- ners. Bow lamentable it is. Oh, ye mothers, why do you not try and realize that the future 0 fyour children’s lives depends upon the care of the present. “As the twig is bent, so the tree’s inclined,” is a homely old phrase, Nev- er truer words were spoken. , One of the most important periods in a. child’s life, when it should receivel its teaching is at the table. The ta- ble manners of a child reflect not only its home influences, but they are in- dicative of the character that will de- velop in late years. Precept and exâ€" ample are the most potent means of instructing children, but particularly the latter. Never “ nag ” at a child, Be always gentle, if possible. If necessary be firm - .s 1 , 132...... DA” 1xr:+h 011;]!!an Ecublc, l1. Puuu;\:¢vu ._~__ __ , . v . ~relentless1y firm. For WIth chlldren 0119 must be as Hamlet said: “Cruel 1-2....) 9, I dunol Whether they’re dain’ father: good or not. but they’re dom’ me good. They jis.’ fit my new slung-shot. h, We take this opportunity of thanking our customers for past patronage, and we are convinced that. the new system will merit a Continuance of the same. EVERY THURSDAY MORNING RT TH; CHRONIM PMNTING HOUSE, BAMFRAXA STREET 1 I i \ DURHAM, ONT. I . \ . - . THE Cunnmcm. Will be sent to any i SLIBSGR‘PHOA address, free of pestage, for $1.00 per RATES . . . . year,pz‘-.yable i'l advanceâ€"31.501113)? I be charged if not so paid. The date to which every 1 subscription is paid is denoted byathe number on the i. address label. No paper dhc -ntinued until all arrears I are paid, except at the own»: of the proprietor. A3VERT|S§RQ For transient advertisements 8 cents rm- line tor the first insertion; 3 cents per 9. BATES . . . line each subsequent- insertionâ€"minicn ' measure. Professional cards, not exceeding one inch, 1 $4.00 per .annum. Advertisements without specific 3 directions Wlll be published till forbid and charged ac- l coz'dingly Transient noticesâ€"“ Lost," “ Found." " For Sale,” etcâ€"50 cents for first insertion, 25 cents f or each subsequent insertion. All advertisements ordered by strangers must be paid 3 l i lor in advance. . 1 Contract rates for yearly advertisements furnished on i I l s 3 application to the office. . . . 33" All advertisements, to ensure insertion tn current week, should be brought in not later than TUESDAY morning. THE JOB : : DEPARTMENT fox-ding facilities work. . The Chronicle Contains . . I ilts Local News is Complete EDIT on AND Pnormm'on. Each week an epitome of the world’s news, articles on the household and farm, an serials by the authors. IS PUBLISHED IRWIN. Is complobdy stockod with all NEW TYPE, thus af. for turning out Fine-ch66 most pepula.1