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the. 1942;. T. .14... ..c .44... M .an m 0:. U res the :in namtv. )rk '9‘?" Won UR! VIAIS' ’IIIIICE. :vew-da': ”3 ”3 800d a "In .way. P. 10 away tut 0‘ whnch a... ”A“ usisfscu'on etc [ration ”(V0 fiuna . new?“ i“ ‘1‘ two. -990”? A general Banking business traumat- ed. Drafts issued end collection. mde on all palate. Deposnte received end in- wrest allowed at current retea. W!!! be at the Commercial Hotel. Prtoeville, first Wednesday in each month. Office and [incidence out Of MOA‘mur'. ] Street. Lower Town. C ‘2 to 2 O'dwkd BARRISTER. SOLICITOR etc. once Upper Town. Durham. Collection end \genc 'promptly attended to. Searches made at the egisu'y Office. i’nu‘ristcrs, Solicitors, Notaries, Conveyancers, Etc. (WHICHâ€"In McIJGmBlock, Opposiie the Knapp House, Lower Town, Money to low at. lowest. rates. Easy terms Standard Bank of mm Lucas. Wrgiht 8: Batsnn, BARRISTERS, SOLICITORS, NOTARIES, CONVEYANC- ERS, ETC. 925.000 to loan at the lowest rate of interest ‘lAMES CARSON, Dal-bun, Licensed v Auctioneer for tho Conniy of Grey Loud Voluotor, Boilifl' oi the 20d Division Court Sole- nd .11 other notion romptiy “waded whighut to!“ once- tarnished " OBN QUEEN, ORCHARDVILLE, in o resumed his old business. and in prep“ odto [on my uncut. of money on red auto. Old man”. pdd 08 on the mtlibonl toms. Five Md Lit Inmr nee-cloudi- tho but Stock Companion u lowest. nun. Conupoodonoo to ‘Orohu-dvill P. 0.. or . all when“! Clerk Division Court. New: Public. 1 required. “a nun «or to W Ink. Dulu- Ragllmxclâ€"Middaugh House. Otflce hoursâ€"9 xm. o 6 pm. ARRIST [1‘ R. Solicitor. etc. Ofl‘lco over * L. Grant's store. Lower Town. I. B. LUCAS, MARKDALE. w. H.WRIGHT, OWEN SOUND. c. A. BATSON. DURHAM. AMES BROWN, quor at Muriggo Deanna, Durhum, Ont. DR. T. G. HOLT, L. Durham SAVINGS BANK, sign in 311 principd points in On- rio, Quebec, Msnitobt, United States snd Emma. Durham Agency. J A )llESOX. Durham. A. 1. BROWN. UGH MucKAY, Durham, [and Vdn “or ad Licensed Auctionpor for {.119 Medical Directory. Elliott 86 Elliott BRO\VN. Authorized . l egal Dzrectory. D. 6"er DENTIST. Miscellaneous. P. TELFORD. law. Town â€"vVv Tomci'noirs from $.10. promptly “tended EAR. NOSE And Women Workers. 13d! Cook has just announced the interesting discovery by her that wo- men are makmg bicycles and supplant- _ _ £-_LL ing men. 'Lady Cook. in setting forth the details of her investigations and the results thereof. said? " From my own personal observa- tions I have learned that women are supplanting men. The manufacture (1 bicycles has grown so tremendously that there has been an unusually large demand for labor. The deft. delicate fingers of women. are peculiarly ad- apted to certain portions of the task of manufacturing bicycles and the manufacturers themselves have been very quick to see the advantage in the employment of feminine help. Again. women work much cheaper than do men. “ Now the men are suffering from ex- actly what they declared was aprofit to themâ€"the low wages of women. Dur- ing the time when women were not en- tirely in favor of following the avoca- tion of men the demand for them far exceeded the supply. Now the supply exceeds the demand. and the natural result is that the woman gains preced- ence by reason of the cheapness of her services. This discovery which I have made regarding the making of bicycles is merely another evidence of the fact that woman is no longer man’s com- petitor in labor, but his superior. "I found that what was known as light manufacturing was largely car- ried on by women. To a certain ex- tent the making of bicycles comes un~ der this head. and everything that they can do women are doing. It is afact that much of the cycle work is very dirty and gives the hands of the wo- men who carry it on that grimy ap- pearance which is so distasteful to ev- ery self-respecting female. “ It is my observation that the posi- tion of the women cycle workers com- pares favorably with that of any oth- er class of women workers in health. in morals and in wages. The conditions differ in England from those in the United States when the question of em- ploying women is concerned. In the manufacture of bicycles in England it is necessary to employ both men and women. but though they are all at the same manufactory they are distinctly separated. “ They never are employed at the same class of work. and the hours at which they arrive and leave are en- tirely different. I found it to be gen- erally the case that there was no ne- cessity for the women working in a bicycle manufactory to see the men at all unless they chose to. The employ- ers take great care that this should be the case. and they claim that no woman who works for them need stand in fear of annoyance so far as the men in their employ are concerned. The wages the women earn in the bicycle manu- factories are found to be fairly good, from a comparative standpoint. ! A ‘.VI. wvmrâ€"_wâ€"_- _ .â€" “ For instance. machinists earn from $1.75 to $3.50 a week, working nine hours a day. A ball grinder gets $3.50 a week. The ball turner gets from 32.50 to 83 a weak. The screw mak- er receives from $1.75 to 83.50 a week. The weekly wage of the screw turners varies from. 2.50 to $3 weekly while the scourers and nickel platers get from $1.90 to 2.25 a week. All these are wo- men. and the work they perform. if it were done by men, would oost at least fifty per cent. more. The object of the manufacturers is therefore clear._ “ With regard to the low moral and social standard met with in certain places. I find. as a general rule. that the morality and social habits of the women are largely regulated by the wages they receive. Speaking general- ly, where wages are good. social habits are on a correspomlinig'lir high level; where wages are low the reverse is to be found. This statement suggests the true solution of great social problems in relation to women. Their inferior- ity and_ alleged weakness no not‘ arise “-- -â€" A; muchnf-xâ€"‘(fd vhniyhphysical. mental qr industrial shortcomings as from pecum- ary Adisabiligies. “ As a rule. men hold the purse strings. Men made laws restrict the power of women over property in ways which do not apply to themselves. Men have endeavored to obstruct equal wages for equal work, where the sex is concerned. Every advance of women to wider sphere of employment or to high- er remuneration for their services has been regarded as an attack upon male rivileges. Thus able women are still yootted from many walks of life. The aggregate result of all this is politi- cal desuetude and social demoralization. “ Take Mill No. 21, a worsted spin- ing factory in the clmic town of 'Ayr. Here a large number of women are em- ployed at from $1.12 to 82.12 per week. About one third of the workers make 81.12 per week. In her report of Octo- ber 28. 1888. the lady assistant omn- minsioner writes: ‘About three years ago the girls struck for an increase of wages resulting in an advance of twen- ty- ive cents per week. Their appear- ance is for the moat part very miser- able. the maéority being pale faced. em- aciated crea urea. Theu' clothes are ragged and dirty and the larger num- her are barefooted.’ What a sad pic- ture this presents to us of Sootia’s frank and Winsome peasant daughters! “ Or take the girls of the oollieries. as at Blantyre. engaged from morning to night in picking stones and rubbish from the coal as it comes from the mine. No accommodation of any kind is pro- vided for them.” says Miss Irvin. “be- yond the rickety shed: at he pit's month. where they work in 31 weath- ers. These sheds. which are neither wind tLght nor water tight. are set on a sort of scaffolding. and are approach- ed by percipitous ladder stairs. The girl; work_from aeqen a.m.. to five 9-3}: with one hour and forty minutes off, which is divided between breakfast and dinner. The wages. begin at thirty- three cents and rise to thirty «seven cents par day, a_t_id they work five days vary ob“ iomble' sir wu aden with (“Ty kind: aha thoyanoprrkorg THE DURHAM CHRONICLE, September 30. 1897 and â€"â€"vâ€"'â€"â€"â€"g â€"â€"â€"â€"â€" to be proud of their great wealth when the road is thus watered by the sweat of the hungry and gieleed by the misery and demoralizatlou of women and young girls. Women are distranchised. and are. therefore. unable to force the necessary changes themselves. At pre- sent Mammon and ferocmus Greed are enthroued in high quarters, and ar to be almighty. But the moral oroes which stir the souls of noble men, and women are silently gromng: deepening and widening wuthuncmasmg years. \Vomen must organize andponsolidate their strength. each intelligent mem- ber resolutely determined to become a factor great or small, in thepurifica- tion of society and the exaltatiou of her the persons and theylothos of the girls wgrg _e_xoeed'1_ng_l_y dirty and qpseemly. The English women living in India put a sensible scheme into execution recently. They revolted against. the social bondage of “duty calls,” and or- ganized an anti-calling union. Several hundred women joined and pledged themselves to abide by the rules which are very simple. Instead of paying calls in person cards are sent; and calls are returned by post. A personal call is allowable only when these {being printed in the papers sev- eral days beforehand. The fact that men are excluded from these privileges has caused no end of amusement among the women and no less talk among the lords of creation, particularly the crusty bachelors of society, who de- clare that calling did keep some wo- men quiet; they go so . far as to make wagers on what mischief their women friends will be up to now that there is no necessity for them to pay duty calls. 9 LL!_ 1-3-4 .1 2-; L1_!_ a. special compliment is intended. At home days are held by the members of the union wnen convement, notices of uuva V"-UO There is no union of this kind in this city, but; the women members of the Barnard Club long ago ggve upneall- To; 7;)? tfiéâ€"filefévhufile fit the 'thing. They agreed that then‘ pmb should be a kind of a. social gleqnpg ‘hpusg, apd the plan has worked admirably. An in- formal reception is held in the beau- tiful club rooms every Saturday after- noon, and a little chat with one’s friends there relieves everybody of all calling obligations. This even extends to party calls among most of the mem- bers. One of the most prominent wo- men in the club says that the plan not only saves the club members a great deal of valuable time, which can be put to more profitable use, but strengthens the moral character as well, since nothing weakens it so much as obligatory duty calling. 'l‘he mem- bership of this club. which includes men. too, has run away up intd the hundreds and the waiting list is very long. BICYCLE DICTION ARY. Centuryâ€"The distance made in one day by an imaginative rider when riding alone. See Liar and Cyclomet- Cranksâ€"l, Supposedly steel rods which ref use to move when desired. and vice VHFS'LL. 2. All persons who refuse Cyclometerâ€"A small instrument 0p- erated by turning machine. upside down and revolving front wheel rapidly by hand. See Fake. Vic-.9 versa.. 2. to ride wheels. Expertâ€"One “ho is able 'to scare a. pedestrian to death by coming within (:«nevâ€"ei'evanhh of an inch of him with- out hitting him, instead of running in- to him and killing him at once. Dismouangtâ€"To sever connection with wheel; may be dome in- several ways. eHereticuAny one who rides a (unet- ent make of wheel from ;one's own. Liarâ€"See Century and Cranks and Heretic. . Pedalsâ€"Two steel devices attached to cranks in form of.a puzzle. the object; being to keep feet on both at once. Saddleâ€"Something probably invented by drugg'usts to boom the: sale of am:- 163'. Fakeâ€"An unreliable or untrue state- ment. See Century angl Cyc-lumetefr. ,l mllan dllVL-Tla {5:Pleées of stéel or wood usznd by beginners foa' testlng grip and l) yexperts for Sahewimg skull by letting them alome. HpretiL-uAnv one who rudes a. differ LL's‘ O Searcherâ€"A humpbacked. bulging- eyed creature. who says “Steady-371:" and would wear his sweater to church if we ever went there. _ Suicideâ€"The apparent object of all learners. Teadeemâ€"A device to enable a. man to tell 'th-i‘s best girl's back hair is her own or not: a sort of pleasure convey- ance for ladies. Tireâ€"A rubber thing Which is the best in the market and bursts nineteen miles from the nearest. repair shop. One time the ooumty 9| of schools was questionu of a country school. He blockboard the sentence. wmgs, and asked a 0131 of speech each word was. ed the “ the” without. The teacher who gives her pup; simple rules outside of the authorities are determining questions which oonfronhthem. and particularly gramâ€" matical questions. is apt to find that her rules disastrously fail to fit all cases. “â€"Aâ€"-:“-_JA‘. What part of speech :8 fl superintendent. ‘ Advert)! shouted the 0* ison. What! Fly an ether”. Yessir! Shouted the 0111 great positiveness. , What makes you thunk adverb? - ’Cause teacher_ with“- moi-asvtjhat; end in '9 \VON'T PAY DUTY CALLS. you think it is ooumty euperintendent lmtionmg the pupils 001. He wrote on the sentence. The fly has d a class what, part. 0rd was. They pass- without. senous trou- {K6 "Shildmn with add us that all “1y" art. adverbs. .3.“ the care my fly? asked the It Does Soc (‘nve Conan-en“. but Ilse I‘M lust Pea-cu Flavor. “While a perfnctly sound and healthy palate does not crave for condimnts. even prefers to do without them. .yet the majority of digeqtiona require to be humored. and kept in order. and their peculiarities must be studied. Dr. Brunton says: “Savory food causes the digestive juices to be freely secreted, well cooked and palatable food is these- fore more digestible than unpalatable. If food lacks savor, a desire naturally arises to supply it by condiments. not always well selected or wholesome." As commerce brought them within reach of the people. condiments in sim- ple or complicated forms came greatly unto favor and foreign spices were add- ed to the wild herbal. growths of the fields and hedges. In gur early hist- ory the “spicery” was a special depart- ment of the court and; had its proper officers. 1n the fourteenth century spices were both costly and rare. most of them coming from the Levant. Chau- cer mentions many by nameâ€"canellal. macys. clowe (cloves), grains of para- dise, nutmegs, caraw ay and spukenard. The ancients, especially the Greeks and Romans in the Luxurious period of their history, used condiments very freely. An old English historian. re- ferring to the earlier _ Roman court, says: V“T=hre best magistrates of Romé allqweq _l.)‘u_t _the_n.i:nth‘ _day for. tpe cAi_ty and public}: business; the rest for the country and him Ballet garden." From this it would seem as though the ed- ucation of taste was accounted. at some consequence in thbae days. . \ (Denver has a. dog that smokes cig- arettes. ‘He is a cocker spaniel and lives in a cigar stocre. He is only ten months old. tut he is as , confirmed fiend and is cram and peevish until he has had his dailyfsmouke. His own- er has taught him a number of tricks, which Billvâ€"that is his name --will perform when a. cigarette is of- fered as a reward. WVhen ready for his smoke Billy seats himself on the cigar case, permits a pair at spectacles to be adjusted to his nose. and then daintly takes the l' hted cigarette in {his mouth; He puf away with a be-a‘tifiic expression on his intelligent face umtil the fire gets so close to' his nose as to be uncomfortable; Then he drops the stub and remains quiet un- til the spectacles are removed. . . " A oog wheel railway L3 to be built up Mt. Simai. to the spot Wham, ao- oordimg to tradition. Mow stood while recexiv'img the Sacred Tables. the spot being already marked by a stone cross erected by the Empress Heleum' moth- er of Constantine the Great. It is! pro- posed to connedt the road with alias from Port Said through the Isthmus of Sinai and Arabia.. to Barra on the Per- sian Gulf. The Pgrsg'nn Rgtlroa‘q Tra'm- way Cbmpany finds railroading the land of the Shah beset with dicfficul- thee. the receigts for 1896 showing a. deprense of 18 per cent. due to three months' traffic suspeme'non. a lot of boiler tubes ordered, miscarried, amd, when a second lot arrived, the Shah had been murdered and for fear of an outbreak train service was forbidden. mn- oerbain parts 01 the! Line. DOG SMOKES C IGARE'I'I‘ES. THE HEALTHY PALATE. ORIENTAL RAILW'AYS. We beg to inform our customers and the public generally that We have adopted the Cash System, thanking our customers for past patronage, and we are convinced that the new system will merit a continuance of the Same. Adopted by I'HE DURHHW flfififlNIIILE "CRY THURSDAY ”DINING If "C. MIMIC“ PIIITIIC HOUSE. «mu m DURHAM, ONT. SlllSGlllPTllll TH: Cmmmcue will be sent to any “dress, free of postage, for $1.00 per RATES . . .. . year, payable in “Vanceâ€",I.” may be charged if not so pmd. The date to which every subscription is paid is denoted by the number on the address label. No paper die mtmued until all m are. paid. except at the Option of the proprietor. ‘0'“"8'" For transient advertixemems 8 cem 3 pg léue for the fit»: insertion {3 cent, per BAITS . o . lme each subsequem anemon-mulioa measure. Professional cards, nut chg one ‘1‘. $4.00 per mnum. Ad vcrIi~emcms without specific directions will be pubfighed till forbid and charged ac- c0:'dingly Transient "O‘iCCSâ€"H [.mt ‘ u “ r‘ound.‘ " For Saie,"etc.â€"-5o cem§ for first imcrlion, 15 Gems for each subsequent inserting.‘ Cqmrga rates for 'eariy advertisementt Punished on appiLcaglgn go the 0 cc. H Al! adverti-a mm“, 30 ensure insertion in currem week. should be [nought In not latcr than 'l'uumw morning. THE JOB : : DEPARTMENT The Chronicle Contains . . > 7 All advertiséments urdcred bystrangers must he p.23 Ior In advance. Each week an epitome of tall world’s news, articles on the household and farm, an serials by the most popular authors. Its Local News Is Complete and market reports accurate. It is rather hard to understand how such tiny drops can flatten down tha enormous swells of an angry ooeam but the observations of a well-knmvn Eng- lish scientist 81:91am It clearly. Each drop, he says, sends below. the surface a certain quantity of water in the form of rings. whit/h, with gradually decreasing velogity and in‘creazsihg sige. ‘1‘- descend as much as 18 Inches below the Bantam. Therefore. when rain is full» Lug on the 863... there is as much mo- tiom immediately beneath the surname as above.. only the drop. are larger 3nd their motion slower. Elms gagaen by “ml-l ”WV".- â€"â€"â€" - the human eye, the waten at the auto face is being made to continually change places with that beneath. anti in this way the wave mation is destroy- A novel idea. in valuations has heen adopted in Boston. 'Dhe firemen there are allowed annual vacations. and the commissioners have decided to send every horse owned by the department out to country pasture tvio weeks every year I14 uvu o o ‘5 compietely stocked 'ith ’PARTnENT all new TYPE thus an fording facilities {or turning out First-clam work. RAIN (‘ALMS THE SEA. IT'S A GOOD IDEA. T00 Eon‘on AND'PROPRIETOR. W. IRWIN. 15 PUBLISHED