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great empire, appears to have been the chief ob' ct of this conqueror. ”A - mood, w 0, though he supplanted the rajabs by his own governors, continual- ly withdrew to the royal city of Ghuzni in Afghanistan, there to enjoy. among his own kindred, the rich fruits of In- dian victories. Mahmood’s mt ob‘ t beautnlnl temple at hum “me. with its lofty roo, mpported b fifty-six pillars, curiously carved tally ‘ kn. M-.“:m "-â€"* ln A.D. 977 Mahmud, the Sultan of Ghuzni. invaded Afghanistan and con- quered that country. but soon discover- ed that all its supposed riches came from another land, to which the Kabul River pointed the way. He passed on throught he Khyber Pass, and at At- tock met the Brahmin monarch Jeypul, backed by an army of 200,000 foot and for the first t' in India, the spee- tacle of soldiers of the plains being com- pletely overwhelmed by the more hardy warriors of the hills. It was the first time in history that the soldiers of Muhammad had met those of Brah- ma, but the conquest was not perma- nent, for we find this Sultan and his chief followers returning to Afghan-* istan again through the defiles of the Khyber. Notwithstanding, Jeypul, the wealthy sovereign of Lahore, was so grieved at his defeat that he resigned . “a... â€"_u “U611“, ll [JUL acnuai- 1y for. purposes of trade, at least for worshlpping at the. few holy places sgcred to the prophet Budda, who had During the following ten centuries neither the annals of India nor the traditions of the Afghans can say much about other invasions, although there frontier river for purposes of con- quest and plunder, ultimdtely to be more or less absorbed among the dark millions of this fruitful penin- bossed leather; they carried short swords “of brass,” and each horseman had two long spears; their fleet horses passed through Kabul “like the waves of the sea,” and their imperious riders gave out that they came from a far- off country cal-led Macedonia; they were led by ayoung and fiery general named Alexander â€" Alexander the Great. After sweeping through Af- ghanistan, like a cloud of locusts, this army pressed all the best soldiers of theconquered into its ranks and hur- ried on towards India through the Khyber Pass, where at Attock, on the Indus, it was joined by more legions who had arrived in India by other ____A routes. at least projected by Darius, the king of kings Then, after two centuries of tumult, the “Genius of the Past,” points to another formidable invasion SW'eeping over Cabal. Its advance guard was formed of strangers with fair complexions, they bad light hair and blue eyes; spoke a. strange lan- guage, wore long-sleeved, tight-fitting jackets of woollen clothâ€"not sheep- skins or the hides of animals; they had curious breastplates of shining brass, and greaves of thick and finely em- ing of a great and conquering army passing from Persia into Afghanistan» and so on through the Khyber on its we? to India, if not personally led, PERSIAN AND GREEK INVASIONS FiVe hundred years before Christ Fhere ‘8 just the misty outline exist- “It's Northwestern Gateway Ian lot In In, l-vul-g Forces - Gene or the Amie. that went after India. The Khyber pass is not-only one of the chief gates of India. in the present day, and guarded with great vigilance, by the British conqueror, but it has historic associations dating back to a very early period. ‘It has been the scene [not only of the varioua trading enterprises of “Klondike expeditions," of adventure in early. times, but it has been the highway for every invading force to India for many centuries be- fore Christ. A writer in the .London Echo gives an interesting sketch of these military incursions when arm- ed legions mnrohed through the dark defiles of the Khyber and forcing an entrance into the Peshawur Valley, which is now held by a. strong and Vigorous garrison of British tI'OOpS, crossed the Indus and conquered In- dia. THE HIGHWAY FOR EVERY INVAD ING FORCE TO INDIA. THE FAMED KHVBER PASS. â€"vâ€"â€"'... fail: field before wo mum: grauuauy nu about 50 or 60 can be done. Next the cyclist should take care that his joints do not suffer stiffness, by assuming what is known as. the hop-toed posi- tion, and by hopping on both feet at once. The joints will be materially benefited. ‘ V w-uutui- .I. 11‘! Ill “3.“ A . will he. found to be much. benefited by this .Pxercise. The duration of the exercxse can best be judged by the cy- hst from the fatigue it actuates. Now stand upright, and, throwing the. shoulders back, abdomen well in. raise on the toes. It is well to count the number of elevations and increase 93° sarnc gradually till about 50 or In order to develop the mlfmuscles and those of the thigh which are not brought into play by stationary run- mug, one shomld sit in a, chair and have pound dumbbetbls strapped to the shoe. Place the foot horizontally With the thigh and keep this move- mgpt. up‘for five minutes. The muscles 9-9 not to overdo this exercise the “mt time, as over exertion is injuri- ous. Each day the exercise can be in- creased untLl one can, to all intents and purpose§, scorch 20 miles without mov- lng an inch. It is best that no tight clothing .be worn during this exercise, Wthh should be taken before breakfanfit. throw chest out, head up. and. th16 standing on the same Spot, let the limbs move as it running, only, Of course, make no progress. Although every muscle used when cyclmg , 15 not brought into play in this exercise, most of them are. Care showld be tak- is very important that the chest de- velopment be maintained. Let the CYclist raise the windows of his sleep- ing apartment, top and bottom, about half a. foot each, thus affording .It is a well-known fact that during the past season so many cyclists have built their systems up by the use of the wheel, so that to stop cycling all at once would be almost injurious. It would be like a morphine fiend sud- denly deprived of his drug. The reac- tion womld be more than he could stand. By following a. few simple rules there is no reason why any rider should not keep in condition. ‘PhYBicians state that the lungs of! cycfists have many more cells in active . Operation than those who follow a. Purely sedentary life. To this end it en him a ruddy cheek and healthful bOdY- This problem is one which has excited the keenest interest among cy- clists generally, and. Prof. M. J. Mac- .Levy, a. New York instructor in phy- sical culture, has demonstrated that the accompanying suggestions will bring about desired results in a re- markably short space of time. Exerelse That Should Be lmlulged Inn By Devotees of the Speedy Silent Sleecl. Every wheelman and wheelwoman will soon be confronted with the un- pleasant necessity of laying aside his or her health-giving steed and lapsing back into that sluggish condition which comes to those who do not exercise. \Vhat must be done- is for the cyclist to find a. substitute for the exercise which has freshened his blood and giv- till 1857, the year of the great mutiny, Timur preferred fighting to sitting quietly on a throne, after establishâ€" i-ngstrong, fortified posts in the Khy- ber Pass, and thoroughly subjugating the entire country around, he died at Otrar, on the Jaxartes, in the sev- enty-fifth year of his age. and at the head of a. great army on its way from Sumarcand for the conquest of China. ing established his authority at Delhi, Timur returned to Samarcand, reading the robber tribes of the pass a lesson, on the way, which they did not soon forget. The first Moghul conqueror of India laid the foundation of that em- pire which nominal” existed at Delhi 4 1‘-- Indus in September of that year. Con- quering as he went, he arrived before Delhi, with 100,000 prisoners, \\ ho were there massacred to revent a mutiny. ’Delhi, with all its mmense treasure was again plundered, but the chief citi- zens, fearing torture, set fire to their own houses and thus perished with treasure, wives and families, in the flames. Thousands of skilflul workmen were made prisoners and sent off to Samarcand, there to embellish 'iimur’s capitaL A gain the robber tribes of the Khyberg swept down upon these wretched people and took from them all that Timur’s officers had left, even to their clothing andtheir “ives. Havâ€" In 1398, and,f hting his way through ghq Pephawur alley, (grossed the River of gold and contemptuously struck off its nose He then ordered other parts to be broken. off and conveyed to Ghuzni, where they may still be seen. Succeeding blows laid open the capacious stomach of Som‘nat, found to be hull of diamonds, rubies, pearls and golden treasure-so says Mohammedan history. THE MOGHUL CONQUEST Timur marched into the Khyber P8833 DURING WINTER MONTHS. RECIPROCITY. CIRCULATION OF AIR. THE DURHAM CHRONICLE, October 14 1897. vv U. u 10 “UL; uu(161‘-l '- stood by the masses, and because of mill 3 objects of collection they are perhag‘s the best; with which to diSplay wealth. 3 They are far more showy than a collec- - tion of jewels, are capable of more e]- aborate description, and if costly and well known. invest their owner with a certain popular interest. The man who can pay in loss of interest alarge sum annuallay for the privilege of owning . and looking at them. has in the public mind an‘ assured financial position. Hi'i gains, too, a reputation for being some- thing more than a mere money grub- L herâ€"that of a man. of taste and re- _ finement. The reason for the lack of prejudice against this form of expendi- ture is to be foumL we Bonapect, in the impression which good pictures inake upon the ima inataion even of the un~ educated, the act that they have a well understood value. and that their pos- session is not attended by the risks of destruction to winch china and other articles of bricâ€"a-brac are exposed. Very few valuable) pictures are destroyed or even badly injured. while the really great ones are so well known that their theft is practically impossible. Their value, moreover. ls likely to increase rather than decrease. and the interest taken in them cannot be dimin- ished, save b some general .and wide- read eatast ophe in which interest in a1 works of art would nutter eclipse. Really great pictures. are.m fact, vir- , tually unaffected by the mutations of time. The onl enace to their yalue .4 I 'end interest I the “mo menace lies an int filing“. all securith. in Which mum u. OQt realty. and is net.-M,“..h_. â€" "_“ VA“ vumwo .It 18 a. singular fact that the preju- dice against bric-a-bmc has never ex- tended to pictures, which have always been regarded as legitimate property. The reason why is not quite intelligible, because their real wort]; is not under- n‘nnr] Lâ€"â€" 4‘ claimed that if the money were not thus locked up, it would be spenb in charity. en must be allowed a cer- tain margin of waste or unprofitable expenditure, or they will not accumu- late. and in this case the waste is not entire nor the profit wholly lacking. Besides, curiosities have a certain val- ue, which in many cases slightly in- creases, so that locking up money in them for one generation may make money for another. The taste for «bric- a-brac may, it will be urged, disappear. But it was strong in Solomon’s time, and there is no good reason to doubt that it will be so a centur;y hence. Unless all present conditions are re- versed, capital will increase v. 2th popu- lation, and so long as it does, men are pretty certain to invest a p( rtion of it in movable property of any reason- ably safe kind. It may not; be 1 we best form of investment, but after a.!, the warld is not likely to be much worse because money is spent for Jaginese pig/goes and old china. voted to works the resentment equalities of the' general increase of philanthmpy, of people at the 11‘ Hot. “7th erses. It was an indi decadence of the want led to the fall of the fact that there were u: aesrhetic taste or the pride which aunts its possessions before the gen- eral eye, To spend money upon them was to challenge a visitation of pover- ty, and to account in full for ‘any revâ€" erses. It wa an indication of national Anna .1. ‘ 1t 18 not Very PreJUdice was Prejudice: Against Such ornamentation; flying out. 0 A PTGJUdim which is dying out with ”1‘? greater ddfuslon of wealth. though diture on what is termed brio-a-brac. It is not. Var“ Mann-o “An-a nIâ€"A‘ LL-L EXPENDITURE ON BRIC-A-BRAC a feeling that there was morally wrong in the desire f public ta§£e,uavrfilwt‘fié by many mgq who are e wanton. luxury which of the 01d empires. The r Hot. Wifii {he of ‘ wealth, however, which could only gra- ur Lts basis the) feel- :oney should be de- philanthropy, and erple at the in- e_xpenditure that 01106 [' ldertaking and Embalniig A SPECIALTY. A F! RST- sertera. fi _ .. ...- urwwlulwllUlI UL pay. whivh is 011qu given to the men on compfiletin't the time for which they ,ha‘ve shipped. The erd of Trade cal- cuitates that, estimating the accumu- l‘ated pay of each desertimg sailor at a minimum average of $50 nearly 8750.- 000, is this Ibst to the sailors and to their families at home, the money. of course, remaining in the hands of their emptioyers. The English Government I Basel-Hons from British Ships In 0m: Your Number Twelve Thoma ml. That the lot of the sailor in the Bri- tish mercantile marine is no bed of roses is shown by a report! of the Gov- ernment Board of Trade just issued in London. and according to which the number of cases of desertion during the 12 months whilch have just been brought to a cibse exceeds 14,090. “'ith the exception of a few hundred only all these deser'li’ng 'seamen were what are knmvn as iongwoyage men, and their abandonment of their ships in some foreign portâ€"usua'lily an Ameri-j can oneâ€"meant to them not only the1 sacrifire of character. with the certain- ty of imprisonment in the! event of re- capture either at home or abroad. but likewise the. lossof ell accumulation of “arc --.1.f _ Pathetic Story Told by the Conduct or 0 ‘he Tr“-o William .Lorts, who was conductor on the Union Pacific passenger train which recently ran off a bridge near Byers, Col., relates an incident of the wreck that closely trends upon the; horrible. “The chair car,” said Mr. .Lorts, “ was on end in the waters After we had carried the injured pas- ' sengers out and were about to aban- don the car, I heard faint groans. I took my lantern and climbed down into the car. I found a woman with her head just above the water. I got assistance and tried to lift her out, but she was fast, and we could not move her. I discovered that she was held fast by her hand between two seats. I called for. an axe and told her seats. I called for. an ax and told her I would have to cut her hand off to save her life as the car was sinking fast. She looked at me piteously, but said nothing. So I took off my coat and put it over! her head, so she could not see the cruel blows with the. axe, 1 Then she commenced to beg me not to chop off her arm. By pure accident I found a. piece of iron down in the water. and with this I managed to pry the seals far enough apart to re. lease her. It was the heaviest lift- ing of my life. “'9, carried her off 1 the car, and as we reached safety the car sank from sight. 'l“wo seconds J later and we would all have been drowned.” 1 l SAILOR’S LIFE N0 SINECURE A RAILWAY WRECK INCIDENT. Dealer 1- all kind: or CLASS HEARSE IN CONNECTION Embalming a Specialty. Tm: nun? Tu m TH! Won. FROM THE TEA PLANT ’0 THE TEA CUP â€"â€" vv 'I‘:'h.““h"’ .wnut.f.fullfnilluatmted. lamest $1.50 an: mon be. h " cgnlrnal. weeklv terms aim-111M102: of 83.0?! 2'. year; Tpecinwn 600““ and MAXI; Bum: 0N PATENTS , sent Iwe. Addrcu _ â€"v--â€"III' ‘Ibui Any'one sending a sketch and description may quickly “comma. free, whether an inventivu it probably Immutable. (‘ommunicutinus Mm Hy confidential. Oldest agency fur seeming pr! mu in America. We have a Washington ofium, Patents taken through ll ' mm 61 (:0. new". special notice in the UZVBER. CHINGLESAND LATH dirty on hand. N. G. J. MCKECHN. Anions sendinn n I..- -- Small birds up to Spur-row size. 3100 Robin, BlueJay, \Vooapeckers, and birds of similar size. . . . . ‘ Kingfishers, Snipes, Small Hwaka, Owis, and birds of similar size. 100 “’e are Cash Price List for Stufling Birds Ammals. etc., etc. [ Z The modern stand- ard Family Medi- cine : Cu res the _ chmon everyday ills of humanity. “mah- 500' I.“ Vdunbr, buiifi (A 1. “this. ad I“ other m Owed wâ€"highut refex Cl unlit-d. Orncnzâ€"In McIntyre the Knapp House, Durham Barristers, Solicitors, N Con w ARRIBTRR, SOUP” Upper Town. Durham Ace-o promptly a'meudad x $t “IO htry (Twat; IOHN QUEER. ORCHJ O tanned hil old buine dfi luggy uncut of lucas, thiht an Authorized . 1! UP - ' Ila-I've Fund . lone: to loun at lowest rat r‘ Diseases (sf L. AT. E30 [NIi‘L‘S (Iliumâ€"First door on: I‘ll Pharmacy. (‘ala‘er'a magmaâ€"Firm 000: Pod Office. Durham. WEI be a} the Col! m’fim. {U51 Wvdna 'â€" Oflioe and be‘LCvnce ‘ cut of LICAHiStvr'S ll greet. Lower 'l‘mz'x. (:1 11 to 2 o’clock. â€" Ijogqtiute (if m- Fwy PhllcunS, .Edmhurgt. I“ find BeSgdencx', oppoe .85.“ to loud the mum- nuts CARSON. 11 p 4£cttionocr I! r_ the . hEfilDl-INCEâ€"- Moe hour»-w 9 3.111. BARR] s’l‘ERs, O h...‘ Standatd Bank 0 I. B. LUCAS, MAR W. “WRIGHT, (N C. A. HATSOK, 1H.) NOTARI ES, 0 m ERS, ETC A‘RISTFR. Solivnor. e‘ L. Grant's abort). LOWP ”at allowed on 88‘ ta of 31 and up attention and every 0d customers fig-rig UGH MscKAY, Duml Owr "d Licenced Am 3 of Grey. Sales pm lam cubed. A.LI \ ) R0 W JAMIESO ”Bui- aw SAVINGS Durham G. LE FROY Elliott 8; ES BRO‘VN, Issue paces. Durhnm, Um. Rial-kn BROW'N Legal Dzrer J . P. TEL!“ in t“ prinmpa Qllebet‘, Mania :11" tsrd.’ «ma DENTI ';O..ortcsll HO [Din o a; p.ll1 Du 8‘1