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n stand- V Bledi- 'es the â€" veryoday mity. MERIGAN, a, ku. :e. .250t03m “c.3mto4w . . 4mm?!» . . 115:0175 Lt. 2Wto3m .BMtO 12M .SWOI‘ZM . . 500mm) I good condi- Inyh‘hrtiu '3 t. it spa- 'hl’cb due no and Mmion may that .1) ttzventmll h numt'atirma strictly for seem-ma patent. Eumnmn omen. and FEED ’MILL 028K303, t'vaIm-ns to. 50 YEARS’ IXPERSEICE. “INS DONE. ANDLAYH RAD! nun, Ewan. Lhr size. do all kinds ow York. Glenel IST. .7 mm 3' Co. icedvc as, and .tidscmou .15 3100 null - JV"- "" " ' ”in” whipped. 3011' No, m’un; I’d rather stand A. CAI IAMES CARSON, Dnrhem, Licensed e Auctioneer for the County of Grey , Loni! Volunter, Bailiff oi the 2nd Division Court. Selee and ell other matters fremptly “tended toâ€"higheet references urniehed 1 required. UGH MocKAY, Durham, Land anu - ntor and Licensed Auctioneer for the County of Grey. Seton promptly nttended to'nnd notel cubed. first. OHN QUEEN, ORCHARDVILLE, has 9 resumed his old buginm. 3nd in propu- odto loan may unount of money on rat! auto. Old mortgsgu pdd at! on the Inc-tuber“ tel-mu. Fire and Li! Innur ancuofl'ooudin the beat Stock gammniu “‘v-vâ€"vvâ€"vâ€"_.â€" - -i _ st low.“ rum. Correspondence Ombudvill P. O. . or . «ll Iolicitod Money to loam a f .1 lowest. m ms PREFERENCE. ' nu. amour: - Now. Johnnie. Inn" you. fit: down and tell no why D. aAonox Clerk Bhutan Court. Noun Public. and Valium mum. Ace: common”. on. lose! to loud. Mono ave-tad for parties l'u-mu bong t. ad told. common ITO. on fa rm vbroport) lucas, Wtight Doentiate of the Royal College of Physicians, Edinburgh. Scotland. 0!- ‘(ice and Residence, apposite Tempennce Ball, Holstein. ARRISTER. SOLICITOR etc. Office Upper Town. Durham. Collection and Agency promptly attended to. Searches made at. the Registry Office. A or“ Bunting business tuna-tot» Oligummd W31“! collections mule points. Dupe-it- roce-ivod and in- Oman t :11 lowed ct current tutu. Disease. 01 EYE, EAR. NOSE And THROAT. NEUSTAUI‘, ONT. Office and Residence 3 short (Ii-anon wt of McAllistor'a Hotel, Lunbton Street, Lower Town. Offica hours from interest allowed on Savings Bank de- wait: of C1 and awards. Proust tgtendon and gvgry tnpility‘.u§for - Will be at the Comm ercia} Hotel. Prieeville. first Wednesday 111 each month. 2.!“ bl Anthorhod . (1 Up_. ._ . Morn. REMDESCIâ€"Middaugh House. oursâ€"9 mm. to 6 p.m. W13; tpgyogmnercml Hotel. Fri! -4-..“ ‘- 4-1-1.5 mn' Agenda in a.“ pflncipt 1 ts in On- tntiqsaug‘boqmd Inntobfio‘nUntted “Rachael BARRISTERS, SOLICITORS, NOTAIUES, CCNVEYAB'C- ERS, ETC. AMES BROWN, Issuer Uconsen, Durhun, Ont. ” ARRISTFR. Solicitor. etc. Office m L. Grant'n «more. Lower Town. Any amount of money to loan at. 5 per I. B. LUCAS, )[ARKDALE W. H.\VRIGHT, ()‘VE’S SOUND. C. A. BATSUN, DURHAM. R. A. L. BROWN. Standald Bank of Canada ice “out-5"” "gill. UV ‘1 y ccccc ill be at. the Commercial Hotel, Pricevillo. and third Wednesdays in each month. t0 J A MIESOX. Durham. SAVINGS BAN K. G. LEFROY McCAUL. Durham Agency. [lead (Mice, Toronto. Medical Directory. Miscellaneous. . P. TELFORD. DENTIST. . HOLT, L. think at a etc. Office over 0 0! Marriage Easy terms Balsam cent. As soon as the frost is out of the boxes in the spring, generally the lat- ter part of March, and when the sur- face of the plowed plot is dry, with the frost showing at a depth of about four inches, plant the nuts in rows four inches deep and eight feet apart, six to eight nuts to the hill, sticking a small stake beside each hill. Eight or ten days after the nuts have germin- ated and thrown up shoots, take a rake and remove the dirt from the starting shoot, letting the heat of the sunl near- er the germinating nut, and later when the shoots have a good start, draw the earth in around them. After the seed- lings show that they are well estab- lished, pull out by the roots and de- stroy all but the best and most vigor- ous in the hill. \Ve would advise plant- ing the entire plot to soft maple seed- lings when the usual planting time ar- rives in April or May to create ashade as Speedily as possible. After these are planted high culture and plenty of ma- nure worked into the soil will be sure to produce a thrifty growth. The soft maples should be allowed to grow for several years to provide forest condi- tions. They will be beneficial to the nut seedlings because of their shade. and as the maples are shallow rooting when young they will in no way in- terfere with them. .‘W hen the nut can be thinned and finally removed from the body of the grove; but since hickory trees are subject to borers it would be well to have a. strip of maples along the south line of the nut grove. This will throw shade in the grove and rule trees will grow faster it allowed to rexnaim where the nut is planted. make so much difference, for it is set beck very little by tre Ian-ting if the new location given it made quite rich. However. it is but usually trwsplent only one-year needlimn. :- they recover quiche-i Walnuts can also be per similar to Mt; More interest should be taken in nut- bearing trees, and a grove of this char- acter should be started on every farm. There is agemeral Opinion that they are slow of grth and that it will seldom pay to set them out. This is a mistake, and if pains be given as to culture and the soil is fertile the rate .of growth is quite rapid, even in the case of the oak, and good results can . be obtained from acorns if they are pro- iperly planted and cared for. Rapid growth does not depend so much on variety as upon supplied conditions, rsuch as subsoiling before planting, ap- plications of manure, and after-culture until the roots become sufficiently es- tablished to draw well from the soil and be independent of surface condi- tions. For success in the line indicat- ed by our correspondents inquiry we would advise deep plowinig this fall and making the grove strip a long one. The nuts should be taken fresh from the hull when ripe and placed in shallow trays of sand in the proportion of not over one-third nuts to twoâ€"thirds sand. This should be slightly dampened with water so as to be in an average stat - of moisture, or about as the soil is . when in a condition for the l.-st growth 'of vegetation; li‘he peach or pear boxes found at the stores may J3 used for the trays, which it is hrs. to keep covered with wire netting to prevent )mice getting in. They s'.-uuld be plac- ed on the floor of a camp cave and covered (with moist earth until the ground begins to freeze up for winter. Then remove them and bury outdoors a little deeper than the boxes, say five or six inches, cover with fresh earth, and top out the mound with a foot of well moistened straw. This latter point is important, as the straw next the ground should not dry out and let the frost get into the boxes and freeze the nuts all winter. AGRICULTURAL A downy bed The attic in. And boyhood’s sleep. No fear. no sim, At the old. farm. The kitchen's glow In hearth-fire's cheer, iA dreamy tale. A smile, a tear, At the old farm. 'Adown the glen, Remote from sight And sound of men, At the oLd farm. A scent of hay, A cattle call 'A whit of wings, And peace o’er all. . At the old farm. My mother's song At break at morn! A robin’s lay, The breakfast horn. At the old farm. {A running brook, A meadow sweet, A laughing boy With naked feet, At the old farm. A leafy wood AT THE OLD t*‘ARME. NUT GROVES. THE DURHAM CHRONICLE, December 30, 1897 is necessary that the cow, in addition to thewater needed for rumination and digestion have enough to put 87 per cent. into the milk she gives. A cow weighing 1,000 lbs. in full milk should have about 12 gallons of water a day. And if so much water be taken at one time during very cold weather the cow receives a great chill from which it will take hours to recover. Besides, it rnakes the food in her stomach so liqu- id that it cannot be raised for rum- ination. Of course nature soon takes out the surplus but the process con- tinues and the contents become dry and solid. Watered frequently. “10 same lot of cows will give from 10 to even as much as 20 per cent. more milk on the same food. No one who keepa 00“ for profit can ignore such a result. It man ed ds' , but they must he look- ed at?» it muck- is to besttsined‘. . To get the best results from cows they must be kept comfortable night and day. It is not necessary to have expensive stables or barns, but their quarters must be warm, well lighted and ventilated. Feed 9. well balanced ration of roughage and grain. Very few realize the necessity of furnishing plenty of water. As a rule cows in winter quarters get no succulent food. Dry hay, corn fodder and dry grain are their daily ration. 'A few dairymen water their cows twice a day and a much smaller number have water in the stables. lA cow will thrive much better, will drink more and give more milk from the same food if allowed to drink in a warm, comfortable place. One of the best devices made for wat- ering cows in the stable consists of a V-shaped trough running the whole length of the stable, immediately over the manger and about three and one- half feet above the bottom. It is thus out of the way of cows and! attendants. The water can easily be led from a tank or pump directly into the_trough,_lt eon, Windsor and Dikeman. For this same region, the following may be add- ed for family use: Black Eagle, Mezel, Gov Wood» Coe's Transparent, Knight's Early Black, Yellow Spanish and Louis Philippe. \VATER COWS OFTEN IN \VIITER. The most profitable sour cherries are the Montmorency and Early Richmond and these varieties can be grown in nearly all the orchard fruit regions. The following sweet varieties have been grown with more or less success: Black '1'artarian., Robert’s Red Heart, Napol- The highest success in cherry growing cannot be attained without thorough cultivation during the early life of the orchard and also later while fruit is being matured. There is no objection to growing small fruits or some other crop requiring frequent cultivation be- tween the rows of cherry trees for a few years, provided the land is good and contains enough plant food to keep the trees in vigorous condition. The sweet cherry is a coarse feeder and will thrive on less applied fertilizer than the other kinds. G. Harold Powell,Bul- letin 35, Delaware experiment station. When the land is too rich or too much fertilizer is added, the energy of the tree is apt to be devoted too largely to wool growth. As abundance of moist- ure is essential for cherry trees during the learing season, especially just before and during the ripening process. conse- quently it is advisable with a bearing orchard to plow early in spring and [OHUJ with light cultivations every ten ”ms or whenever. the rain becomes .~; arce. On the first or middle of July, -he condition of the soil can be: greatly improved in its water holding capacity by turning under annual crOps of crim- son clover or some other nitrogenous cover crop. In order to secure this crop sow at the last cultivation 10 on 12 lbs. of crimson clover seed per acre. It is very essential to retain the moisture in the soil in the spring by early plow- ing and by quite frequent culture. If the trees make too vigorous a growth seed down one year to rye or buck- wheat. The distance apart for planting trees will depend almost wholly upon the manner of growth. Some trees may at. tain a. height of 40 to 50 it and be wide spreading. These should stand not less than 30_ it. apart. as they fall, but they need very deep covering to keep them from being in- jured by the heated surface soil dry- ing the shell and possibly preventing successful germination. Difficulties in this direction can be overcome by deep- ly covering the nuts in the fall, and in the spring the soil can be tempor- arily removed over the seed until the shoots rise above the surface. it must be drained and on light dry knolls, otherwise favorable to cherry culture, the moisture holding capacity of the soil may be increased by the ad- dition of vegetable matter and judici- ous surface cultivation. The turning under of crimson clover, or a crop of similar character is highly beneficial. The best results are obtained from orchards situated on a western or northwestern slope, as the blooming period is retarded in spring and the danger of frosts greatly lessened. A depression is not desirable. as frost is liable to occur there when it would! not on higher ground. (Where the country is naturally level, a slight elevation is preferable, since it insures air drainage and good circulation. The sour vari- eties of cherries seem to thrive better on lower levels than the sweet kinds. HOW’ TO GROW CHERRIES. Cherries thrive in a variety of soils but attain their highest development in one that is light and loamy. It must retain considerable moisture, but never be sour. If the land is too wet PLANE FWG FOR BABNS. It in custom": in’ Inning burns anfl The ultimate strength of a timber is that of its weakest part. A 6x8 inch post notched to receive a 4-inch brace is weakened almost half. Heavy timbers are used to allow free cutting and’ not- ching with safety. Another point is to have the strongest direction of the timber coincident with the greatest stress. A 2x8 inch joist has the same wood in it as a 4x4 inch and is four times as strong. It will bear just 16 times the weight with the narrow side up as with the wide side up. Bearing these facts in mind it is practicable to build a 40x60 barn with a plank frame throughout, but it must be a balloon frame with box sills and built-up posts. It must have inside bearing partitions and be tied across the plates with built- up timber tie beams or rods and brac- ing done the same as any ordinary bal- loon bracing. All notching, mortising, etc... should be avoided. Probably no suitable plan could be drawn for any specific case without a knowledge of how many and what kind of cattle are to be housed, capacity of mows, bins, etc. heavier timbers {than are necessary. This is really true, notwithstanding fre- quent collapses from storms, overloaded mows, etc. The trouble is that the framing is often ill adapted to resist the strains acting on it. \Ve know of one farmer who put 2x12 inch joists on 12 inch centers, 14 ft. span, under a cow stable and in a few months it began to settle, then collapsed. The joists had been cut down 6 inches to let in a trench 4 it. from one bearing which had been notched up 6 inches into a sleeper. The joists split. Had they been properly out they would have been there yet. N., G. J. McKeshnie. The secret 00 success is constancy of purposeâ€"Disraeli. LAll false practices and affectations are more odious than any want or de- fect of knowledge can be.â€"Sprat. )A good conscience is a continual Christmasâ€"Franklin. 4 ‘Next to excellence is the apprecia- tion of it. â€"Thackeray. \ Poverty wants some things. luxury many, avarice, all things.â€"Cowley. (The future destiny of the child is always the work of the mother.-â€".Bona- part3. \ \ The best teachers of humanity are the lives of great menâ€"Fowler. Life is not! so short but there is al- ways time for' courtesy.--Emerson. :The secret of making- one’s self tire- some is, ,not to know when to st0p.- Voltaire.) The readiest‘ and surest way to get rid of censure. is to correct ourselves. ~Demosthenes. '\ ' 6A sound discretion is not so much indicated by never making a mis- take as by never repeating it..â€" Bovec. No man can i» provident n his time, who is not prudent in t} «a choice of his company. â€"Jeremy Taylor. »You have not. fulfilled every duty 3111le you have fulfilled that of he- lng cheerful and pleasant.â€" C. Bux- No soul is desolate, as long as there is a. human being for whom it Cash Svsten $32M GRAINS OF GOLD. We take this Opportunity of thanking our customers for past patronage, and we are convinced that the new system will merit a continuance of the same. We beg to inform our customers and the public generally that We have adopted the Cash System, which means Cash or its Equiv- alent, and that our motto will be “ Large Sales and Small Profits.” Adopted by The Chronicle Contains . . Its Local News Is Complete and market reports accurate. I kndw of no manner of Speaking so offensive as that of giving praise and closing it with an exception.â€" Steele. 'w' 'm m line for the tint inhcnlun , 3 cents pa RATES. . . line and: subaenucm Insertionâ€" mimon measure. Professional cards, not exceeding one inch $4.00 per mnum. Advertisements uiIhout quit“: directions will be published till {wind and charged ac- 00rd ly lunpslem not:oesâ€"“ LIN," “ I'ouml. ' " For le,” etc.--5o cents for first insertion. 35 new: for euclI subsequent ImertioxI. can feel trust and reverence. George Eliot.‘ c SUBWIPHOI T." C'R'W’CL" Vi" b6 ve"! to any address, free of pmtagc, for Sc .99 W ”IE8 . . . . yanpayable n . adv-.nceâ€"‘IJO my be charged if not w pmd. The date to which every subscription is g?“ is denoted by the number on “I: address label. 0 paper fl. ~c mmt‘ed until all an“: are paid, except at the thwJ of the prvprictor. THE JOB : : I! completely stocked V“. DEPARTHENT .11 NEW TYPE. the. at- farting facilities {or turning out Pint-dun EVERY YHURSDAY MORNING M TIL MIMI“! PIIIYIIO “JOSE, m m DURHAM, ONT. ’rawAlladQerttso nonts, to ensure insertion in cot-rem week, should be brought tn not later than Tum! morning. ‘fivmnflm For transient adverti-eemen c 3 0mm” Inw-‘rt‘nhrutlnwrl -I.-._n Contract rates for 'eafly advertisement: { Innis-bed on applicagign t_o thg cc; Common sense is the knack of see- ing things as they are. and doing things as they ought L0 be done.â€"C. E. Stowe. \ Choose always the way that seems the best, however rough it may be: custom will scan render it easy and agreea blaâ€"Py thagoras. What are the aims which are at the same time duties? They are the per- fecting of ourselves and the happiness of othersâ€"Kant. Consider how much more you often suffer from your anger and grief than from those very things for which you age angry and grieved.â€" Marcus Antonius. THE BMW flflflflfllflLE Contentment is a, pearl of great price, and whoever procure: it at the expense of ten thousand desires, makes a wise and happy purchase.â€" Balguy. M! advertisements ordered by strangers- an: be pad br 1n 1dvance. work. Each week an epitome of the world’s news, articles on the household ' and farm, and serials by the most popnlsl' authors. EDITOR nm' PROPRIITOR. W. IRWIN. ls PUBIJSHKD