The following text may have been generated by Optical Character Recognition, with varying degrees of accuracy. Reader beware!

mining an inland \it9d Dr. o, 30 fish as minis- bo native ief. They the chief. s rifle at *he vrifle. :h 3 heart. you, pro- is going we, thus every-day em stand. ily M edi. 1r es than AL :Ztent the 186” be- on know I and cold: and efl'ect- Price 250. you must 2’??? 3.:- $215 Address maiden. carpet: I a}: 95mm. DE.) 03 )i v- pat ent‘a oflco. revel?! an IYPERIENC gm" DOIh'i Laziysmi'th, fiafeking i1 era? outlin oath 01 her paper. T110 C001 JLkr thf‘ E tamed LO . {aunt-rs 3.: ends, or 1 English, a “"394 antich i'l‘lu- Confederates, or Southerners,‘ jk» the: Boers, were a people accusi- omed to an open air lifeâ€"a race of {almrl‘s and plantersâ€"while the Fed- mls. or Northerners, were like thel EnQEFSh, a people of manufacturers. It WW" anticipated, and it did prove to be :h- fact, that the people accustomed‘ :1, zho open air would do better in batâ€" until their opponents vauired their hur'dnt-SS, mobility, and art of skirm-. fishing. The woodman or the hunter wi'l always be more skilful in taking cor»? than the city bred soldiers. But “'77) time the citybred soldiers can 1mm; all the woodman knows. 'lllen. too, the Confederates, like the Born-s, fought in a country with which til"; were thoroughly acquainted. Thy know every inch of the ground run! {he tactics best suited to the ter- AR W IL IV OF}. 0 F? S ’0}: 83 I; JJ "he North started by fatally under- rating: the resistance with which it mum meet. It was ruled by men who am no knowledge of war and little s-mupi'ehension of policy. President Lincoln though a very able and usually far-sighted man, failed sign- naily to understand the greatness of illr‘ emergency or the bitter resolu- :0“ 0f the SOllth. 1: was generally imagined that one year. victory would bring the South- ~mers to their knees. As a matter of laws, the South gained most of the vic- tories, and was only crushed by sheer Mute force, and by the terrible policy of attrition. which meant that the Whole Southern manhood had to be trimmed in the field at a cost of hundreds of thousands of Norther- uvx's killed and wounded. the North opened the war by rash .znl hasty movements. It refused to} mien to General Sherman, who from. tr.» outset accurately foretold what: mould happen, and \set him down as a, madman when he called nm for thou-i mnds but. for hundreds of thousands of men. It was weaker than England in a his respect, that it had virtually 110‘; Army, and consequently one had to be? Lmvided instead of merely eXpanded. l But then the Southern preparations on; the Other hand had not been as fully‘ developed as those of the Transvaal have been. i ( e I 3 Owing to the faulty operations of two Northern columns the first great ‘nurxle of the war was a terrible de- {tilt for the 'North. At Bull Run the green Northern troops, indeed, fought sph-ndidly, and there were moments when it seemed that they had won the mine. But as the day wore on an- other hostile force came up on their flank, and they broke and fled inthe Widest disorder. The very capital of the North all but fell into the enemy‘s hands, and there was at once a cry :‘nm the South could never be beaten. That was in the summer of 1881. The deb-a: in no sense weakened the grim (Examination of the North. Steps were taken iargely to increase the arm}. One hundred and fifty-seven thousand men had been called. for be- amt The difficulty was not so much to find soldiers as to discover generals. Many officers had been appointed to high commands through intereSt and J00 2-)ery , many were much too old for a bold, aggressive war} oth_e_r3_. again. fore the battle; now 400,000 were de- manded and raised. X; ) seemed to prpmise highly and a appointed on their merits, (ail- “d lamemably when put to the test. Suwess in the field is the onething “ 1'1: ct: proves the general’s mpacu'y, and from the nature of circumstances. aii Powers .mnst grape very much in the dark when they anoint to high Command men vino have only peace service on their record. pull .1 the outset each side expected an; kg; and an easy victory. The South? «aimed that a few successes wouldl 'l to Hump-ear: intervention, and in-é vention was very near at hand ati :13: points in the war. . Englandi l France were both inclined to re-; rm‘ze the South, but fortunately! . popular will in this country was! anger and more far-sighted, than! statesmen. Still the hope ofi ‘eign intervention led the South toi - every imaginable effort and fill-i the North with disquietude. i a UNDER-ESTIMATED. KSO'D Beaten badly once, the North had at}: Won at £238 Firs”, But the Tenn 0. :13.» North Told in the Long Run, l {fer urea; Hatchery E1 Won. many respects the struggle in Africa toâ€"day recalls and re- the American Civil \Var. The : of the vast resources has been ‘1, inrlifferently prepared, and the1 iopublic, like Mr. Jefferson; . and the Southern Confederacy, been allowed to snatch great ini- mlvanmges. There was, it is no: hing quite like the siege of :m'm'u. or of Kimberley, or of king in 1861-5. -But in their gen- outlines the two wars resemble mixer closely says an English had the best generalsâ€"incom- u‘w best generals in the ear- rs of the war. The North had in 1861 or 18523 to march. with Johnston, or Lee, or Stonewall TERRIBLE DE FEAT to spend many months in reor nizing its army. In 1862 it again t ed con- plusiOn and though some victories were gained in the west by younger generalsâ€"such as Grant, who was now coming into noticeâ€"the general result was most disastrous. .Bloody and in- decisive battles or positive and terri- ble defeats were the depressing fea- tures of the war, and gloom in the North was general._ The so-called Peninsular campaign, after very hard fighting, resulted in defeatâ€"mainly, however, because the Secretary of the “far Department, a] civilian, ignorant of all military nec-‘ cssities, interfered fatally with the conduct of the campaign. At Fred- ericksburg the Northern army was sent in to make a frontal attack up- on a strongly entrenched Southern position with the result that there was simply a massacre of Northern troops. “It was a butchery, not a battle,” said an eye-witness. Yet the North, did not lose hope or faith, but ;grimly set its teeth and determined [to conquer in the end. So desperate did the position. seem! that in 1862 President Lincoln tele- graphed with pathetic thankfulness, “God bless you,” to a general who had fought a drawn battle, and who had jusr held his own, at the cost of ap- palling bloodshed. In 1863 came freshi defeats and fresh disasters. It was not till July of that year, twenty- Seven months after the beginning of the struggle, that the tide began to turn. That the tide ever turned was, indeed, due only to three thingsâ€"the tenacity of the North, its ability to cut off all military supplies, and its overwhelming numbers and resources. lIt did not win by better generalship l°f b)’ superior fighting and courage tin than field. i The. most prominent: and, as was‘; gsupposed, the most patriotic editor in'; gthe North shrieked of “our bleeding} sand despairing country.” To add to; f the danger, a Presidential election was; '; ilIll‘é‘Ilding‘, and the butcher’s bill wasi gusezl as a strong argument by party; 12 m9“ ag’ainst the Administration. Con-E ? scri-ption had been relentlessly enf‘grcfil Even in the closing period of the war there were many terrible and anxious moments. Grant’s frontalassults on the Confederate army in the Wilder- ness and before Richmond issued in such loss of life as to lead many in the North to cry once more for peace. l .- . : let once more the bravery, tenacity. Land insight of the Anglo-Saxon race ,2 told in this psychological moment. The ; war President, Lincoln, was re-elected. :Troope by the thousands were poured é into the field to fill the depleted ranks. f and at the same time war stores began lto give out in the South. 3 Slowly, step by step, Grant worked é his stubborn way, fighting every inch, iround the enemy’s flank before Richâ€" i mond. At last the long-looked-for mo- ! ment came when the enemy’s position i was turned, and in that hour the Con- ; federacy fell to pieces, after four long iyears of battle and slaughter, and at- gter every vicissitude which the imag- ziuation could picture. ELLâ€"“lgaâ€"digé: tbâ€"bloodg: flow. in New York, and bringing yet fresh urg- popularity upon the head of the Presx- dent. I . : Consolation, too, we can gather from the pastâ€"from this war or 1861-5, and from our own glorious history. We, iike our American cousins, won in the lend. Let us not minimize our reserves g:in. South Africa, but let us remember 3 that with time and proper administra- ttion we can and shall win. Only, those ! responsible for the present. errors ought to surrender power, that :stronger and wiser minds may direct ‘ our arms. ‘Wars are won or lost, by Governments, not by soldiers and gen- , cramâ€"Governments which know, fore- Esee, prepare, and dare to act. .....--.- The task before us is a lesser one‘; than that which confronted the North? in 1861 or 1862. But from the past‘E we can and should learn this lessonq that we. must not underestimate our; enemy’s strength. ' Better, far bet-; ter, 50,000 men too many than 5,000? too few. With inadequate forces; frontal attacks become an absoiuteg necessity against a mobile foe,‘ un-; less the generalshiip on our side is of! the highest order. i ' {Bo bush" and there J: star E19”! ”1‘ "“1“" Titian bronze, the new shade of hair, is still too much of a novelty to be common, but who has seen it and not longed for messes of that wonderful hue? It is too expensive an operation to ever become the popular shade, and no amateur at hair dyeing can accom- plish the desired result, so the fortun- ate few who posseSs locks of Titian bronze need have little fear of many duplicates. that line Whose. work defies critic- ism. another we'd for detection, but Americans, as a class, have not takâ€" en kindly to that sorL of thing, and the remark, “ that she dyes her hair,” is still considered by many as a term of reproach. The Princess of 'Wales has avariety of wigs, which she changes with her toilets. On. her {etutn from adrive ___’LL :4... 'the' art of hair dyeing has made trefi mentions strides within the last few} years. and there are many artists in LUK ‘UWv V5. -vâ€" _ _ ~ or reception another gown, with its accompanying wig, is in readiness, and. that her locks are red to-day and brown fo-morrow in no wise discon- certs the Princess. All such matters are rqulated by custom, and the day mat: corne when chemical hair: dyes or exchangeable chignons will be part of eveâ€"r’y woman’s wardrobe. BRIDEGBOOM SENT AWAY. A. Polynesian bridegroom is con- spicuous by his We during the BRAVERY TOLD THE DURHAM CHRONICLE, January 18, 1900. TITIAN BRONZE. M THE FARMER IS THE 1mm. AGRICULTURE IS THE MOST IM- PORTANT INDUSTRY. An Income of Siany Millions in Ontario-â€" interesting Statistics Concerning the Rural Interests of the Province. The report of the Bureau of Indus- try containing complete statistics of the agriculture of the Province, has .just‘ appeared. The information ex- ceeds anything published elsewhere, and tells pretty well the story of the Ontario farmer. The story that this ,book tells is the vast importance of the agricultural in- terests in Ontario . The mineral wealth of the Province may be great and the business wealth enormous, but the agricultural wealth overtops any; other industry. ' THE ASSESSED AREA GROWS. The rural area assessed is 23,392,584 acres, and the Province is growing in this direction. The woodland, which amounts to 7,198,905 acres, is naturally decreasing, and the marsh lands. Iwhich Mr. Ross intends to reclaim, cover 3,200,065 acres. During the year 13,300 acres were reclaimed. FARMERS’ REVENUE. But the foundation of the country is its field crops. Taxing the prices paid on the markets and applying them to the grain grower, some idea may be gainad. 3 $110,528,947 ‘ But this is only in part of the irevenue from the farms of the Pro- lvince. In this list fruit is not con- sidered. There is in elchards and garâ€" dens 335, 420 acres and in vineyards 10, - 118 acxes. Of apples alone there are 9,670,000 trees. Fall wheat. .. Barley. ...... Spring wheat. Oats. . . Rye. . . Peas. . Buckwheat. . Corn for huskin Potatoes. . Beans. . . Mangels. . . Carrots. . Turnips. . . Corn for silo, tons. 2,128,073 Hay, tons. . . '. . 6,873,785 ...86 858 293 22,409,440 Bushels. . L; r ow 11. Value. ...,25 158, 713 317, 460, 417 1.2,663, 62:8 4, 812, 194' 4, 756, 6.39 2,673,234 1 ,162, 837 13 ,521,253 7,058,099 . . ,,373 645 906,732 3 23,442,593 4 ,,711 961 14,358,625 6,332,154 . 759,657 531,760 21,957,564 1,756,605 4,313,861 539,233 .4 ,727, 88.3' 6,472,788 4. 256, 146 . 2,128,073 27,362,172 lhe live stock is another important feature, and the census give 611, 241 ‘horses, 2,215, 942 cows, 1,617, 014 sheep; 1, 640, 787 hogs, 9,084,273 fowl. It is esti- mated that the sales of live stock ibrought in $65,307,901 Total. . . . . . . 155,346 PAYING OFlé‘ MORTGAGES. The chattel mortgages are decreas- ing. as will be shown in the following list : 21893. ._ . . . . . 312,232,213 11996, , . ....... . . 13,561,716 *rpwm.‘ ___ _ ._o__ Then'thâ€"é xZah’w Of bees is placed at $998,049. 1WEALTH-I 1N DAIRYING. The value of dairy products is en- ormous. From the creameries $1,294,- 220 was recexved, and from cheese fac- tories $10,252,240 was taken in. It. is said in Scotland that those. who inlay do so by consulting the Bible on New Year’s morning before break- 5 Hasu The saored book must be laid the chapters at which it IS opened. This chapteris read and believed to de- scribe in acne way the happiness; or misery the ensuing year 0! the perm making the trial. No account. can be made of the large amount of money which farmers make from the private sale of eggs and but- ter, but this certainly is large. PASSING OF THE HORSE. Before leaving this branch of the re- port, it might be well to notice the passing of the horse. In 1898 he num- bered 611,241; in 189'", 613,670; and in the years before, 624,749, 647,696. 67",â€" 777, 685,187, 688,814. 1‘ III,Wl.lA-, -,\m The income of the farms in 0m ario accordingly must re: L011 about $’00, 000, - 000. The value of. the farm is «riveu as ’follow 5: Farmland. . . . . . $556,216,569 Buildings. . . . . . 210,054,396 Implements. . . . . 52,977,232 Live Stock. . . . . . 103,744,223 Total. . . . . . $923,032,420 This is compared with 59(5,093,813 in 1897. The average per 100 acres, which is the usual size of a farm. is as fol- lows: ' Farm land. . . . . . 3,387 Buildings. . . . . . . . 898 Implements. . . . . . . 2‘26 Livestock. . . . . . .. 414 Wrangler â€"â€" You say that JOD’S tience never was really tested? A Quibblerâ€"I do. Why, he never pu the lighted. end of his cigar in; his month just as he wanted to make his argument most impressive. ONE THING CERTAIN. 5 REAL TEST FOR SWEARING. COVSULT THE BIBLE C THE LIVE STOCK . . 759,657 531,760 . 21,957,564 1,756,605 . ....... 4,313,861 539,233 . .4 ,727, 88:2 6,472,788 tons. 2,128, 073 4. 256, 146 . . 2,128,073 27, 362,172 . 2,673,234 . 13,521,253 .. 373,645 g 23,542,593 that Job’s 4,756,659 22,409,440 1,162,857 7,058,099 $3,946 Some of the 0m Men-or Wu- lylug In Brit- 13h Doekyards. Few of us, says the Army and. Navy illustrated, of London, are probably aware of the number of old men-ofâ€"war still existing on harbor and other ser- vice in our dockyards and ports that have helped, in their day, to make naval history. As a fact. there are more than a score of such, and some of them are to be found to-day; in the most unlikely places. The Hibernia, for instance, is, per- hapsâ€"indeed, she must he certainlyâ€"- the 'oldest British man-of-war in existence after the Victory. For pre- sent purposes the old Implacable, atâ€" tached to the Lion trading ship at Devonport, does not count. The Hibernia, in point of fact, was launched a few months before Trafal- gar, and hoisted her first pennant and admiral’s flag a few months after that battle. She was a sister ship to Collingwood's favorite old flag ship the Caledonia, long since gone to the shipbreaker. The Hibernia’s first cruise was in 1806, as flag ship of the Channel fleet, with the Union at the main of the famous Earl St. Vincent. She flew St. Vincent’s flag during the old chief's hast service afloat, and after it was hauled. down on board the Hibernia St. Vincent’s flag was never again hoisted in any man-ofâ€"war. In the closing years of the Napoleonic war the Hibernia served in the Mediterran- VENERABLE OCEAN WARRIORS. ean, and in the varlous small affairs that our ships blockading Toulon un- der Lord Exmouth had she took a part. After lying up for years in the Hum- oaze she went to the Mediterranean in the forties as flagship to Sir Wiliiam Parker, “the last of Nelson’s cap- tains,” and there, with the exception of two brief returns to Engiand to re- fit, she has remained ever since. The Eagle is another, and she did some very smart fighting service in- deed, off the coast of Spain and in the Adriatic down to the close 013 the great war. Her list of printipal battle honors is as follows :â€"â€"Duke of York's victory over Dutch, 1665; victory over French off La Hague, 1692; capture of Gibraltar, 170-1; {ocxku's victory over French, 1734; Hmke’s victory over French off Finisterre, 1747 :actions in Ens: Indies, 1782. The old Belvidera frinxte is the last of the old shipmetew, in the most: lit- eral sense of the term, of Broke's fam- ous Shannon, with whom she served through the American war of 1812. it was the Belvidera which fired the first British" shot in the war, and her 'ad- ventures were many and notable, a brilliant and spirited page of our naval story, were there space to do more than briefly allude to it as we close. The Hibernia is the flagship of the. Admiral Superintendent of Malta dockyard, the Eagle serves as a drill ship for the Royal Naval Reserve at Liverpool, and the Bel'eidern. acts as receiving ship at Portsmouth. BRITISH SOLDIER AS A GYMNAST. His Pisydcai [Develppmnnt Es Ant-23d“! To In The Army fis'mlns‘iamh Tommy Atkins-4mm is to say, the typical British soldier claims tn he stronger and mute. enduring; than the fighter uf any Othé‘!‘ race. And it is just. as well to know how he comes. to have this physical superiority. The reason is found in the army gymnasiums. The best of these gymna- siums is at Aldershot., where the sci- ence of physical deveioprmem is man‘- vellously understood and practised. Raw recruits with stouping shoulders and shumh‘dng gait. are turned out af- (er a few months big, full-chested and muscular, pmud of their bearing and masters of their weapqns. uu‘wv' â€" â€"v After a, hundred and ten days of {mining Tommy must be ready to join any regiment in the British service. Thefioidiers' nerves and heads are trained as wait :13 their muscles, for they are taught to scale walls, climb high scaffoldings and mount; ropeszmd ladders at fast time. 5“ “v - There are fields of labor for out-of-E door work and for parades, and there is an enormous outdoor framework for climbing and swinging. One entire building is devoted to the practice of fencing. Indeed, the variety of ac- complishments in addition to plain sol- diering that Tommy Atkins has to ac- qire is enough to justify his strut and swagger on coming out. Probably the hardeSL of a British soldier’s duties is the wearing of his uniform. The British Army dress is exceedingly and unnecessarily burden- some, but there is little likelihood that it will be modified._ ‘I o ‘ Protest is sometimes made against the great bearsxin shakos of the Scots Guards and the gorgeous but heavy cuirass of the Horse Guards, but Eng? lish sentiment as a whole would be scarcely more opposed to the tearing down of Westminster than to the eli- minating of these features of the mill? itary magnificence of the nation. Biggerâ€"It’s all nonsense about there being honor among tkiwes. AN mmnm) THEORY. EVERY THURSDAY MORNING IT "IL NMNIOLE PRII‘NNG ROME, 5mm WEI DURHAML ONT. TiiE Dfifififlifl fifiiflfllflLE . Tun: CHRONICLE will be sent to an busscmpno“ address, free of postage, for $1.00 pe’r BATES . . . . year, payable in advance~$l.so may be charged if not. sq patd. The date to which every subscription is paid 13 denoted by the numberon the address label. No paper discontinued until all m are paid, except at the option of the proprietor. AUIEH ' IO!!!“ fine totâ€"the first insertion ;.3 cents for n on RAIES . . . line each subsequent insertionâ€"mi measure. Professional cards, not exceeding one inch, $4.00 per annum. Advertisements without specific directions will be pubiished till forbid and charged ac- cordingiy Transient noticesâ€"“ Lost," “ Found,’ “ For Sale," etc.â€"-50 cents for first insertion, 23 cent: for each sub§equent inse‘rtion.‘ A ,_ _ ___._ _-_-l. L. --:‘ “NH" '8!“ For transient advertisements 8 cents per 1:“. cm- the first insertion: 3 cents per application to the office. £3” All aciveniscnents, to ensure insertion in current w eek, should be brought in not later than TUBDAY morning. For in advance. Contract rates fox-yearly advertisements furnished on THE JOB : ° '. Is completely stocked with DEPARTHEM all NEW TYPE, thus a!- fording facilities for turning out First-elm work. . . . The Qhromcle Contams Each week an epitome of thc world’s news, articles on the household and farm, and serials by the most popular authors. [ts Local News is Complete and market reports accurate I" tau: auuacqucus “my. uuu. Al} advertisements ordered by strangers must be paid FURNITURE UNDERTAKING A FIRST Farmers, Thrashers and Millmen Furnace Kettles, Power Stew Cut- tetra, Hot Air Furnaces, Shingle Machinery, Band Saws, Emery Machines. head or power ; Creating, Farmers’ KettIes, Columns, Church Seat Ends, Bed Fasteners, Fencing, Pump«Makers’ Supplies, School Desks. Fanning Mill Castings, Light Castings and Builders’ Sup- plies, Sole Plates and Points for the dlfl’erent ploughs in use. Casting repairs for Flour and Saw Mills. A. Steam Engines, Horse Powers, Separators, Mowers, Reapers. (‘4 wyzu ileD, ;v1vv .. v-- V Circular and CrossoCnt Saws Gummed, Filed gnd Set. TI- mfi’prepared to fill orders for good shingles ‘GHARTER 3mm, it"s: mm 3 kW FROM THE TEA guy} 10 THE: TEA Cu! ‘ “Manama” Tea is packed amder fhc S‘Wcrvhfioi oftfie T¢a growers, and is advertised 9.0415046 by We?! a a sawicof the best qualiticsof Indian and Czylc': Tea. or that reason they 5:: that now: But an vayfzasbiavaigb WMWWW ' 5'" ‘6 £3?nt pr‘ioé as infa'nor 83!. fit is put up in sealed mddiaofEHx. 1 mar} :za‘s. ,mdwid in three flavours at 40c" 56c. and 6c: ' If outgrowth“ fist tap it. ceflffimto writ? 7 £21.. my”? 3: co. ztfinFmSc [an our wait a {It 7mm 7:. Undertaking and Emhalming DU BEAM 30 UN DRYMAN m ws mmvs euamr. _.4.._‘_4â€"‘ . SHE‘NE LL W. IRWIN. Em'ron AND Pnopnmmn. Furniture THE PERFECT TEA Prices Outs CLASS HEARSE IN CONNECTIOI -- WE REP.A'R "‘ Embadming a specialty. u WE MAKE -- IS PUBLISHED A S l’BLCi .\ IJ'I‘Y BRICK FOUNDR 4.1.